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  1. Article ; Online: Use of Prize Competitions to Develop Advanced Military Medical Capabilities.

    White, Tonya Y / Walter, Scott F

    Military medicine

    2023  

    Abstract: Research and development of military-required innovations are usually funded through the issuance of grants and contracts. The limitations of these funding methods are the a priori specifications and objectives that limit creativity and often do not ... ...

    Abstract Research and development of military-required innovations are usually funded through the issuance of grants and contracts. The limitations of these funding methods are the a priori specifications and objectives that limit creativity and often do not produce capabilities beyond the desired outcomes or leverage the best ideas and solutions available. This limited engagement of commercial industry to develop military-required innovations usually relies solely on government funding and receipt of proposals from companies whose business model is built on receiving government grants and contracts, with the government owning most of the risks. Because the produced capabilities or products are designed to be military-unique, there is a limited or no commercial market available, usually driving the price per unit extremely high to the point that the military cannot afford to procure products in quantities sufficient to enable businesses to keep production lines open, however, for military-required or desired capabilities or products that have a commercial market, there are other funding pathways available to develop products by partnering with industry, academia, and other non-government organizations and leveraging their ideas and funding. One such way of engaging the commercial industry is through the use of prize competitions. This often under-utilized pathway has several notable strengths such as (1) reduced risks and costs for the military to develop novel capabilities and products; (2) new and novel creative solutions to solve military problems; (3) utilizing a results-oriented approach that funds the successful achievement of acceptance criteria versus funding of potential to achieve; (4) enticing investors by increased competition for a successful product or capability; and (5) delivery of a commercially available, affordable, field-tested, and viable capabilities and products. Prize competitions may be used by any/all federal agencies as authorized by Congressional Public Laws and Federal regulations. The specifics of this pathway for funding pathway and applications for use by medical researchers, developers, and project/program managers are spelled out in the article, along with the regulatory guidance and resources for finding out more about current and past prize competitions.
    Language English
    Publishing date 2023-11-10
    Publishing country England
    Document type Journal Article
    ZDB-ID 391061-1
    ISSN 1930-613X ; 0026-4075
    ISSN (online) 1930-613X
    ISSN 0026-4075
    DOI 10.1093/milmed/usad432
    Database MEDical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System OnLINE

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  2. Article ; Online: Individual Variability and Medications to Treat Attention-Deficit/Hyperactivity Disorder: The World According to the Caudate.

    White, Tonya

    Journal of the American Academy of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry

    2017  Volume 56, Issue 7, Page(s) 544–545

    MeSH term(s) Atomoxetine Hydrochloride ; Attention Deficit Disorder with Hyperactivity ; Central Nervous System Stimulants ; Corpus Striatum ; Humans ; Methylphenidate
    Chemical Substances Central Nervous System Stimulants ; Methylphenidate (207ZZ9QZ49) ; Atomoxetine Hydrochloride (57WVB6I2W0)
    Language English
    Publishing date 2017-06-21
    Publishing country United States
    Document type Editorial ; Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't ; Comment
    ZDB-ID 392535-3
    ISSN 1527-5418 ; 0890-8567
    ISSN (online) 1527-5418
    ISSN 0890-8567
    DOI 10.1016/j.jaac.2017.05.011
    Database MEDical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System OnLINE

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  3. Article ; Online: Subclinical psychiatric symptoms and the brain: what can developmental population neuroimaging bring to the table?

    White, Tonya

    Journal of the American Academy of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry

    2015  Volume 54, Issue 10, Page(s) 797–798

    MeSH term(s) Brain ; Humans ; Mental Disorders ; Neuroimaging
    Language English
    Publishing date 2015-10
    Publishing country United States
    Document type Comment ; Editorial ; Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't
    ZDB-ID 392535-3
    ISSN 1527-5418 ; 0890-8567
    ISSN (online) 1527-5418
    ISSN 0890-8567
    DOI 10.1016/j.jaac.2015.07.011
    Database MEDical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System OnLINE

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  4. Article ; Online: Brain Development and Stochastic Processes During Prenatal and Early Life: You Can't Lose It if You've Never Had It; But It's Better to Have It and Lose It, Than Never to Have Had It at All.

    White, Tonya J H

    Journal of the American Academy of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry

    2019  Volume 58, Issue 11, Page(s) 1042–1050

    Abstract: Brain development, although largely driven by genetic processes, also is influenced by environmental factors. However, there has been little discussion in the psychiatric literature on the role of stochastic, or chance, events that take place during ... ...

    Abstract Brain development, although largely driven by genetic processes, also is influenced by environmental factors. However, there has been little discussion in the psychiatric literature on the role of stochastic, or chance, events that take place during neurodevelopment. Studies suggest that the brain capitalizes on and regulates the extent of stochastic processes during development. Furthermore, because neurodevelopment is influenced by environmental factors, there is emerging evidence that fostering those positive environmental factors during prenatal and early life could optimize neurodevelopment and provide greater resilience, including those potentially resulting from stochastic processes. Evidence for the role of environmental factors in optimizing early brain development is supported by work in large population-based studies of child development, randomized control trials in high-risk populations, and early-life adoption studies. The public health message is that creating an environment that fosters optimal brain development during prenatal and early life could prevent psychopathology and provide the developing brain the best chance against negative stochastic processes and potential stressors that are inevitable later in life.
    MeSH term(s) Animals ; Brain/growth & development ; Brain/physiology ; Humans ; Models, Biological ; Models, Neurological ; Nerve Net/physiology ; Stochastic Processes
    Language English
    Publishing date 2019-05-14
    Publishing country United States
    Document type Journal Article ; Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't ; Review
    ZDB-ID 392535-3
    ISSN 1527-5418 ; 0890-8567
    ISSN (online) 1527-5418
    ISSN 0890-8567
    DOI 10.1016/j.jaac.2019.02.010
    Database MEDical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System OnLINE

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  5. Article ; Online: Stage 2 Registered Report: The Bidirectional Relationship Between Brain Features and the Dysregulation Profile: A Longitudinal, Multimodal Approach.

    Blok, Elisabet / Lamballais, Sander / Benítez-Manzanas, Laia / White, Tonya

    Journal of the American Academy of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry

    2023  Volume 62, Issue 12, Page(s) 1363–1375

    Abstract: Objective: Youth with symptoms of emotion dysregulation are at risk for a multitude of psychiatric diagnoses later in life. However, few studies have focused on the underlying neurobiology of emotion dysregulation. This study assessed the bidirectional ... ...

    Abstract Objective: Youth with symptoms of emotion dysregulation are at risk for a multitude of psychiatric diagnoses later in life. However, few studies have focused on the underlying neurobiology of emotion dysregulation. This study assessed the bidirectional relationship between emotion dysregulation symptoms and brain morphology throughout childhood and adolescence.
    Method: A combined total of 8,235 children and adolescents drawn from 2 large population-based cohorts, the Generation R Study and Adolescent Brain Cognitive Development (ABCD) Study, were included. Data were acquired in 3 waves in Generation R (mean [SD] age = 7.8 [1.0] wave 1 [W1]; 10.1 [0.6] W2; 13.9 [0.5] W3) and in 2 waves in ABCD (mean [SD] age = 9.9 [0.6] W1; 11.9 [0.6] W2). Cross-lagged panel models were used to determine the bidirectional relationships between emotion dysregulation symptoms and brain morphology. The study was preregistered before performing analyses.
    Results: In the Generation R sample, emotion dysregulation symptoms at W1 preceded lower hippocampal (β = -.07, SE = 0.03, p = .017) and temporal pole (β = -.19, SE = 0.07, p = .006) volumes at W2. Emotion dysregulation symptoms at W2 preceded lower fractional anisotropy in the uncinate fasciculus (β = -.11, SE = 0.05, p = .017) and corticospinal tract (β = -.12, SE = 0.05, p = .012). In the ABCD sample, emotion dysregulation symptoms preceded posterior cingulate (β = .01, SE = 0.003, p = .014) and nucleus accumbens volumes (left hemisphere: β = -.02, SE = 0.01, p = .014; right hemisphere: β = -.02, SE = 0.01, p = .003).
    Conclusion: In population-based samples, with relatively low psychopathology symptoms in the majority of children, symptoms of emotion dysregulation can precede differential development of brain morphology. This provides the foundation for future work to assess to what extent optimal brain development can be promoted through early intervention.
    Study registration information: The Bidirectional Relationship Between Brain Features and the Dysregulation Profile: A Longitudinal, Multimodal Approach; https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jaac.2022.03.008.
    Diversity & inclusion statement: We worked to ensure that the study questionnaires were prepared in an inclusive way. The author list of this paper includes contributors from the location and/or community where the research was conducted who participated in the data collection, design, analysis, and/or interpretation of the work.
    MeSH term(s) Child ; Adolescent ; Humans ; Mental Disorders/psychology ; Psychopathology ; White Matter/pathology
    Language English
    Publishing date 2023-06-14
    Publishing country United States
    Document type Journal Article ; Research Support, N.I.H., Extramural
    ZDB-ID 392535-3
    ISSN 1527-5418 ; 0890-8567
    ISSN (online) 1527-5418
    ISSN 0890-8567
    DOI 10.1016/j.jaac.2023.03.024
    Database MEDical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System OnLINE

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  6. Article ; Online: The longitudinal bidirectional relationship between autistic traits and brain morphology from childhood to adolescence: a population-based cohort study.

    Durkut, Melisa / Blok, Elisabet / Suleri, Anna / White, Tonya

    Molecular autism

    2022  Volume 13, Issue 1, Page(s) 31

    Abstract: Objective: Autistic traits are associated with alterations in brain morphology. However, the anatomic location of these differences and their developmental trajectories are unclear. The primary objective of this longitudinal study was to explore the ... ...

    Abstract Objective: Autistic traits are associated with alterations in brain morphology. However, the anatomic location of these differences and their developmental trajectories are unclear. The primary objective of this longitudinal study was to explore the bidirectional relationship between autistic traits and brain morphology from childhood to adolescence.
    Method: Participants were drawn from a population-based cohort. Cross-sectional and longitudinal analyses included 1950 (mean age 13.5) and 304 participants (mean ages 6.2 and 13.5), respectively. Autistic traits were measured with the Social Responsiveness Scale. Global brain measures and surface-based measures of gyrification, cortical thickness and surface area were obtained from T
    Results: Cross-sectionally, higher levels of autistic traits in adolescents are associated with lower gyrification in the pars opercularis, insula and superior temporal cortex; smaller surface area in the middle temporal and postcentral cortex; larger cortical thickness in the superior frontal cortex; and smaller cerebellum cortex volume. Longitudinally, both autistic traits and brain measures were quite stable, with neither brain measures predicting changes in autistic traits, nor vice-versa.
    Limitations: Autistic traits were assessed at only two time points, and thus we could not distinguish within- versus between-person effects. Furthermore, two different MRI scanners were used between baseline and follow-up for imaging data acquisition.
    Conclusions: Our findings point to early changes in brain morphology in children with autistic symptoms that remain quite stable over time. The observed relationship did not change substantially after excluding children with high levels of autistic traits, bolstering the evidence for the extension of the neurobiology of autistic traits to the general population.
    MeSH term(s) Adolescent ; Autistic Disorder/complications ; Autistic Disorder/diagnostic imaging ; Brain/diagnostic imaging ; Child ; Cohort Studies ; Cross-Sectional Studies ; Humans ; Longitudinal Studies
    Language English
    Publishing date 2022-07-05
    Publishing country England
    Document type Journal Article ; Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't
    ZDB-ID 2540930-X
    ISSN 2040-2392 ; 2040-2392
    ISSN (online) 2040-2392
    ISSN 2040-2392
    DOI 10.1186/s13229-022-00504-7
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  7. Article ; Online: The Bidirectional Relationship Between Brain Features and the Dysregulation Profile: A Longitudinal, Multimodal Approach.

    Blok, Elisabet / Lamballais, Sander / Benítez-Manzanas, Laia / White, Tonya

    Journal of the American Academy of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry

    2022  Volume 61, Issue 6, Page(s) 830–831

    Abstract: The field of psychiatry increasingly highlights the importance of studying not only the influence of the brain on behavior, but also the long-term influences that the persistence of specific behaviors can have on the brain. A severe behavioral phenotype ... ...

    Abstract The field of psychiatry increasingly highlights the importance of studying not only the influence of the brain on behavior, but also the long-term influences that the persistence of specific behaviors can have on the brain. A severe behavioral phenotype that puts children at risk for later psychopathology is the Child Behavior Checklist-Dysregulation Profile (CBCL-DP).
    MeSH term(s) Brain ; Emotions ; Humans ; Psychiatric Status Rating Scales ; Psychopathology ; White Matter/pathology
    Language English
    Publishing date 2022-03-15
    Publishing country United States
    Document type Journal Article ; Research Support, N.I.H., Extramural
    ZDB-ID 392535-3
    ISSN 1527-5418 ; 0890-8567
    ISSN (online) 1527-5418
    ISSN 0890-8567
    DOI 10.1016/j.jaac.2022.03.008
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  8. Article ; Online: Neuroimaging and global health.

    Bringas-Vega, Maria L / Michel, Christoph M / Saxena, Shekar / White, Tonya / Valdes-Sosa, Pedro A

    NeuroImage

    2022  Volume 260, Page(s) 119458

    MeSH term(s) Brain/diagnostic imaging ; Global Health ; Humans ; Neuroimaging/methods
    Language English
    Publishing date 2022-07-09
    Publishing country United States
    Document type Editorial
    ZDB-ID 1147767-2
    ISSN 1095-9572 ; 1053-8119
    ISSN (online) 1095-9572
    ISSN 1053-8119
    DOI 10.1016/j.neuroimage.2022.119458
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  9. Article ; Online: Editorial: White Matter Matters: Neurobiological Differences Between Pediatric Bipolar Disorder and Disruptive Mood Dysregulation Disorder.

    Blok, Elisabet / White, Tonya

    Journal of the American Academy of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry

    2019  Volume 59, Issue 10, Page(s) 1128–1129

    Abstract: Think about this: Linke et al. ...

    Abstract Think about this: Linke et al.
    MeSH term(s) Adolescent ; Adult ; Attention Deficit and Disruptive Behavior Disorders ; Bipolar Disorder/diagnostic imaging ; Child ; Diffusion Tensor Imaging ; Humans ; Irritable Mood ; Mood Disorders
    Language English
    Publishing date 2019-10-23
    Publishing country United States
    Document type Editorial ; Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't ; Comment
    ZDB-ID 392535-3
    ISSN 1527-5418 ; 0890-8567
    ISSN (online) 1527-5418
    ISSN 0890-8567
    DOI 10.1016/j.jaac.2019.09.033
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  10. Article ; Online: The Influence of Nonaerated Paranasal Sinuses on DTI Parameters of the Brain in 6- to 9-Year-Old Children.

    Dremmen, Marjolein H G / Papp, Dorottya / Hernandez-Tamames, Juan A / Vernooij, Meike W / White, Tonya

    AJNR. American journal of neuroradiology

    2023  Volume 44, Issue 11, Page(s) 1318–1324

    Abstract: Background and purpose: DTI is prone to susceptibility artifacts. Air in the paranasal sinuses can cause field inhomogeneity, thus affecting measurements. Children often have mucus in their sinuses or no pneumatization of them. This study investigated ... ...

    Abstract Background and purpose: DTI is prone to susceptibility artifacts. Air in the paranasal sinuses can cause field inhomogeneity, thus affecting measurements. Children often have mucus in their sinuses or no pneumatization of them. This study investigated the influence of lack of air in the paranasal sinuses on measurements of WM diffusion characteristics.
    Materials and methods: The study was embedded in the Generation R Study, a prospective population-based birth cohort in Rotterdam (the Netherlands). Brain MR imaging studies (1070 children, 6-9 years of age) were evaluated for mucosal thickening of the paranasal sinuses. Nonaeration of the paranasal sinuses (modified Lund-Mackay score) was compared with that in a randomly selected control group. The relationship between nonaerated paranasal sinuses and fractional anisotropy and mean diffusivity in the DTI fiber tracts was evaluated using ANCOVA and independent
    Results: The prevalence of mucosal thickening was 10.2% (109/1070). The mean modified Lund-Mackay score was 6.87 (SD, 3.76). In 52.3% (57/109), ≥ 1 paranasal sinus was not pneumatized. The results are reported in effect sizes (Cohen's
    Conclusions: Nonaeration of the paranasal sinuses is a common incidental finding on pediatric MR imaging brain scans. The amount of air in the paranasal sinuses can influence fractional anisotropy and, to a lesser degree, mean diffusivity values of WM tracts and should be considered in DTI studies in pediatric populations.
    MeSH term(s) Child ; Humans ; Brain/diagnostic imaging ; Magnetic Resonance Imaging/methods ; Paranasal Sinuses/diagnostic imaging ; Prospective Studies ; White Matter
    Language English
    Publishing date 2023-10-31
    Publishing country United States
    Document type Comparative Study ; Journal Article
    ZDB-ID 603808-6
    ISSN 1936-959X ; 0195-6108
    ISSN (online) 1936-959X
    ISSN 0195-6108
    DOI 10.3174/ajnr.A8033
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