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  1. Article: Drying kinetics and thermo-economic analysis of drying hot water blanched ginger rhizomes in a hybrid composite solar dryer with heat exchanger.

    Ndukwu, Macmanus Chinenye / Augustine, Edet Ben / Ugwu, Elijah / Ibeh, Mathew Imagwuike / Ekop, Inemesit / Akpan, Godwin / Udo, Anietie Effiong / Ihediwa, Victor E / Akuwueke, Leonard / Mbanasor, Jude / Abam, Fidelis

    Heliyon

    2023  Volume 9, Issue 2, Page(s) e13606

    Abstract: This research aimed to examine the need of adding hot water blanching pre-treatment on the drying of ginger rhizomes using a hybrid solar-dryer with paraffin liquid as thermal storage infused into a copper tube to form a compact heat exchanger. Blanching ...

    Abstract This research aimed to examine the need of adding hot water blanching pre-treatment on the drying of ginger rhizomes using a hybrid solar-dryer with paraffin liquid as thermal storage infused into a copper tube to form a compact heat exchanger. Blanching duration quickened the drying rate of the ginger rhizomes and the average drying rate for blanching at 90 s, 60 s, 30 s and un-blanched ginger varied between 0.0147 kg/h to 0.0245 kg/h at a sensible heat ratio of 4.12 × 10
    Language English
    Publishing date 2023-02-13
    Publishing country England
    Document type Journal Article
    ZDB-ID 2835763-2
    ISSN 2405-8440
    ISSN 2405-8440
    DOI 10.1016/j.heliyon.2023.e13606
    Database MEDical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System OnLINE

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  2. Article ; Online: Fusidic Acid Resistance Determinants in Methicillin-Resistant Staphylococcus aureus Isolated in Kuwait Hospitals.

    Boloki, Halimah A / Al-Musaileem, Wasmiyah F / AlFouzan, Wadha / Verghese, Tina / Udo, Edet E

    Medical principles and practice : international journal of the Kuwait University, Health Science Centre

    2021  Volume 30, Issue 6, Page(s) 542–549

    Abstract: ... The minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) of FA was tested with E-test strips. Genetic determinants of FA were determined by PCR and ...

    Abstract Objective: The aim of this study was to investigate the genetic determinants of fusidic acid (FA) resistance in MRSA isolated from patients in Kuwait hospitals.
    Methods: The minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) of FA was tested with E-test strips. Genetic determinants of FA were determined by PCR and DNA microarray. Staphylococcal protein A gene (spa) typing and DNA microarray analysis were used to study their genetic backgrounds.
    Results: The FA MIC ranged from 2 mg/L to >256 mg/L. Of the 97 isolates, 79 (81.4%) harbored fusC, 14 isolates harbored fusA mutations (fusA), and 4 isolates harbored fusB. Isolates with fusA mutations expressed high FA MIC (MIC >256 mg/L), whereas those with fusC and fusB expressed low FA MIC (MIC 2-16 mg/L). The isolates belonged to 23 spa types and 12 clonal complexes (CCs). The major spa types were t688 (n = 25), t311 (n = 14), t860 (n = 8), and t127 (n = 6) which constituted 54.6% of the isolates. The 12 CCs were CC1, CC5, CC8, CC15, CC22, CC80, CC88, and CC97 with CC5 (45.6%) and CC97 (13.2%) as the dominant CCs.
    Conclusions: The MRSA isolates belonged to diverse genetic backgrounds with the majority carrying the fusC resistance determinants. The high prevalence of FA resistance belonging to diverse genetic backgrounds warrants a review of FA usage in the country to preserve its therapeutic benefits.
    MeSH term(s) Anti-Bacterial Agents/pharmacology ; Bacterial Proteins/genetics ; Drug Resistance, Bacterial/genetics ; Fusidic Acid/pharmacology ; Humans ; Kuwait/epidemiology ; Methicillin-Resistant Staphylococcus aureus/genetics ; Microbial Sensitivity Tests ; Oligonucleotide Array Sequence Analysis ; Polymerase Chain Reaction ; Staphylococcal Infections/drug therapy ; Staphylococcal Infections/epidemiology ; Staphylococcus/drug effects ; Staphylococcus/genetics
    Chemical Substances Anti-Bacterial Agents ; Bacterial Proteins ; Fusidic Acid (59XE10C19C)
    Language English
    Publishing date 2021-07-13
    Publishing country Switzerland
    Document type Journal Article
    ZDB-ID 645108-1
    ISSN 1423-0151 ; 1011-7571
    ISSN (online) 1423-0151
    ISSN 1011-7571
    DOI 10.1159/000518408
    Database MEDical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System OnLINE

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  3. Article: Methicillin-Resistant

    Alfouzan, Wadha A / Boswihi, Samar S / Udo, Edet E

    Microorganisms

    2023  Volume 12, Issue 1

    Abstract: Methicillin- ... ...

    Abstract Methicillin-resistant
    Language English
    Publishing date 2023-12-21
    Publishing country Switzerland
    Document type Journal Article
    ZDB-ID 2720891-6
    ISSN 2076-2607
    ISSN 2076-2607
    DOI 10.3390/microorganisms12010017
    Database MEDical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System OnLINE

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  4. Article: Demographics, Cost, and Sustainability of Haemodialysis among End-Stage Kidney Disease Patients in Southern Nigeria: A Single-Center Study.

    Akpan, Effiong E / Ekrikpo, Udeme E / Effa, Emmanuel Edet / Udo, Aniema I A / Umoh, Victor A

    Nigerian medical journal : journal of the Nigeria Medical Association

    2020  Volume 61, Issue 6, Page(s) 307–311

    Abstract: Context: Access to chronic hemodialysis for patients with end-stage kidney disease has improved over the years. However, it is unclear if this has resulted in lower cost and improved dialysis vintage.: Aim: We aimed to assess the demographics, cost ... ...

    Abstract Context: Access to chronic hemodialysis for patients with end-stage kidney disease has improved over the years. However, it is unclear if this has resulted in lower cost and improved dialysis vintage.
    Aim: We aimed to assess the demographics, cost implication, and sustainability of maintenance hemodialysis in our cohort of end-stage kidney disease (ESKD) patients.
    Methods: Retrospective descriptive study of ESKD patients on maintenance HD from 2014 to 2018 using hemodialysis records. Time-to-HD discontinuation and reasons for discontinuation were recorded. Using Kaplan-Meier graphs, the time-to-dialysis discontinuation experience of the cohort was shown. Log-rank test was used to compare the experience between both genders. Univariable and multivariable Cox proportional hazard models were built to identify independent associations with time-to-dialysis discontinuation.
    Results: Over the 5-year period, 702 individuals initiated HD, males were older than females, the complete cohort contributed 65,714 person-days to the study and the median time-to-HD discontinuation was 10 days (interquartile range, 2-42). Females had a shorter time to HD discontinuation (8 days [1-32 days]) compared to males (11 days [2-48 days]). Only 28.5%, 15.3% and 8.3% of the patients had HD beyond 30, 90, and 180 days, respectively. About 128 (18.2%) had thrice-weekly HD. Most sustained the treatment for the 1
    Conclusion: Most patients cannot sustain HD beyond a few weeks for financial reasons. Several cost containment strategies need to be deployed to bring down the cost of care.
    Language English
    Publishing date 2020-12-19
    Publishing country Nigeria
    Document type Journal Article
    ZDB-ID 424429-1
    ISSN 0300-1652
    ISSN 0300-1652
    DOI 10.4103/nmj.NMJ_106_20
    Database MEDical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System OnLINE

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  5. Article ; Online: Antimicrobial resistance and virulence determinants in coagulase-negative staphylococci isolated mainly from preterm neonates.

    Aishah Al-Haqan / Samar S Boswihi / Seema Pathan / Edet E Udo

    PLoS ONE, Vol 15, Iss 8, p e

    2020  Volume 0236713

    Abstract: Coagulase-negative staphylococci (CoNS) are the most common isolates from blood culture in neonates resulting in high mortality and morbidity. This study investigated CoNS obtained from blood cultures of neonates for antibiotic resistance and virulence ... ...

    Abstract Coagulase-negative staphylococci (CoNS) are the most common isolates from blood culture in neonates resulting in high mortality and morbidity. This study investigated CoNS obtained from blood cultures of neonates for antibiotic resistance and virulence factors, and possible association with inflammatory response (C-reactive protein). A total of 93 CoNS isolates were collected from 76 blood cultures of neonates at the Maternity hospital in Kuwait in a six-month period and investigated for susceptibility to antibiotics, carriage of staphylococcal cassette chromosome mec (SCCmec), and virulence-associated genes. The 93 CoNS isolates consisted of S. epidermidis (76; 81.7%), S. capitis (12; 12.9%), S. hominis (2; 2.1%), S. warneri (2; 2.1%) and S. haemolyticus (1; 1.0%). Eighty-six (92.4%) of the isolates were resistant to cefoxitin (MR-CoNS) while 49 (52.7%) expressed multi-antibiotic resistance. The methicillin-resistant isolates (MR-CoNS) carried SCCmec III, SCCmec IVa and four combinations of SCCmec types including SCCmec types I+IVa (one S. warneri and 25 S. epidermidis isolates), types I+III (one S. epidermidis isolate), types III+IVa (six S. epidermidis isolates) and types I+III+IVa (one S. epidermidis isolate). The most common virulence-related genes were icaC, seb, arc detected in 69.7%, 60.5%, 40.8% of the isolates respectively. Two isolates were positive for tst1. No association between C-reactive protein and antibiotic resistance or virulence factors was established. This study revealed that S. epidermidis carrying different SCCmec genetic elements, was the dominant CoNS species isolated from neonatal blood cultures with 90.3% and 36.6% of the isolates positive for genes for biofilm and ACME production respectively.
    Keywords Medicine ; R ; Science ; Q
    Language English
    Publishing date 2020-01-01T00:00:00Z
    Publisher Public Library of Science (PLoS)
    Document type Article ; Online
    Database BASE - Bielefeld Academic Search Engine (life sciences selection)

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  6. Article ; Online: Dominance of community-associated methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus clones in a maternity hospital.

    Edet E Udo / Noura Al-Sweih

    PLoS ONE, Vol 12, Iss 6, p e

    2017  Volume 0179563

    Abstract: Methicillin- resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA) is a major pathogen causing healthcare- and community- acquired infections. The purpose of this study was to characterize MRSA isolated at the Maternity Hospital between 2006 and 2011 for their genetic ... ...

    Abstract Methicillin- resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA) is a major pathogen causing healthcare- and community- acquired infections. The purpose of this study was to characterize MRSA isolated at the Maternity Hospital between 2006 and 2011 for their genetic relatedness.The MRSA isolates were investigated using a combination of antibiogram, Staphylococcal chromosome cassette mec (SCCmec) and spa typing to determine their relatedness to MRSA isolated in other Kuwait hospitals. The isolates were also investigated for the carriage of genes for Pantone valentine Leukocidin (PVL).A total of 103 MRSA obtained from 64 neonates, 17 adult patients and 12 healthcare workers. The isolates were resistant to Kanamycin (46.6%), gentamicin (40.8%), trimethoprim (32%), ciprofloxacin (22.3%), fusidic acid (16.5%), tetracycline (19.4%), erythromycin (15.5%), clindamycin (15.5%), streptomycin (11.6%) high-level mupirocin (2.9%) and chloramphenicol (0.9%). Twenty (19.4%) of the isolates were multiresistant. Thirty-one (30.0%) isolates were positive for PVL. Molecular typing revealed the presence of 11 clonal complexes and 23 clones with ST5-V-t002, (N = 22), ST22-IV-t223 (N = 18), ST22-IV-t852 (N = 10), ST80-IV-t044 (N = 7), ST5-V-t688 (N = 5), ST772-V-t657 (N = 5) and ST239-III-t860 (N = 4) constituting 66.9% of the isolates. Other clones were isolated sporadically. The number of MRSA isolates increased from two in 2006 to 22 in 2011 with a peak of 43 in 2008.The study revealed a high prevalence of community-associated MRSA Maternity hospital. The MRSA population consisted of known strains, such as ST239-III-t680, ST22-IV-t223/t852 and ST80-IV-t044, that were reported previously in Kuwait and novel strains such as ST5-V-t002, and several sporadic strains obtained for the first time in the Maternity hospital. This study has provided an initial data which will serve as a platform for future comparative studies on the distribution of MRSA clones in the Maternity hospital in Kuwait.
    Keywords Medicine ; R ; Science ; Q
    Subject code 360
    Language English
    Publishing date 2017-01-01T00:00:00Z
    Publisher Public Library of Science (PLoS)
    Document type Article ; Online
    Database BASE - Bielefeld Academic Search Engine (life sciences selection)

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  7. Article ; Online: Drying kinetics and thermo-economic analysis of drying hot water blanched ginger rhizomes in a hybrid composite solar dryer with heat exchanger

    Ndukwu, Macmanus Chinenye / Augustine, Edet Ben / Ugwu, Elijah / Ibeh, Mathew Imagwuike / Ekop, Inemesit / Akpan, Godwin / Udo, Anietie Effiong / Ihediwa, Victor E. / Akuwueke, Leonard / Mbanasor, Jude / Abam, Fidelis

    Heliyon. 2023 Feb., v. 9, no. 2 p.e13606-

    2023  

    Abstract: This research aimed to examine the need of adding hot water blanching pre-treatment on the drying of ginger rhizomes using a hybrid solar-dryer with paraffin liquid as thermal storage infused into a copper tube to form a compact heat exchanger. Blanching ...

    Abstract This research aimed to examine the need of adding hot water blanching pre-treatment on the drying of ginger rhizomes using a hybrid solar-dryer with paraffin liquid as thermal storage infused into a copper tube to form a compact heat exchanger. Blanching duration quickened the drying rate of the ginger rhizomes and the average drying rate for blanching at 90 s, 60 s, 30 s and un-blanched ginger varied between 0.0147 kg/h to 0.0245 kg/h at a sensible heat ratio of 4.12 × 10⁻⁵ to 2.53 × 10⁻³. The optimal drying rate varied from 0.01161 kg/h to 0.0263 kg/h for all treatment at a collector temperature range of 39.5 °C-40.5 °C and collector efficiency range of 14.3%-30%. The logarithmic model better predicted the drying kinetics of un-blanched and blanching for 30 s with an R² value of 0.9875 and 0.97247 respectively while the modified Henderson and Pabis model better predicted drying of blanched ginger rhizomes at 60 s and 90 s with R² values of 0.96252 and 0.98188 respectively. Using the hybrid solar dryer instead of artificial dryers with fossil energy sources can save about $75.731 to $757.31 of the running cost as the usage increased from 10 to 100%. The payback period decreased from 2.88 years to 0.31 years as the rate of usage increased from 10 to 100%. Using the presented solar dryer instead of coal, diesel or grid base electricity can prevent 15.96 to 186, 7.62 tones of CO₂ from entering the atmosphere. The earned carbon credit if the dryer is to be powered by coal, diesel or grid base electricity were $ $6245364, $27080.52, and $231.45 per year respectively which can be used to compensate other non-renewable energy sources deployed within an energy enterprise.
    Keywords business enterprises ; carbon dioxide ; carbon markets ; coal ; economic analysis ; electricity ; energy ; ginger ; heat ; heat exchangers ; liquids ; models ; nonrenewable resources ; solar dryers ; temperature ; Agricultural products ; Decarbonisation ; Drying kinetics ; Hot water blanching ; Solar thermal storage
    Language English
    Dates of publication 2023-02
    Publishing place Elsevier Ltd
    Document type Article ; Online
    Note Use and reproduction
    ZDB-ID 2835763-2
    ISSN 2405-8440
    ISSN 2405-8440
    DOI 10.1016/j.heliyon.2023.e13606
    Database NAL-Catalogue (AGRICOLA)

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  8. Article: Diversity of clonal complex 22 methicillin-resistant

    Boswihi, Samar S / Verghese, Tina / Udo, Edet E

    Frontiers in microbiology

    2022  Volume 13, Page(s) 970924

    Abstract: CC22-MRSA is a major MRSA lineage that is widely reported globally. To characterize CC22-MRSA for trends in antibiotic resistance and emergence of variants, a total of 636 CC22 isolates identified by DNA microarray in 2016 ( ...

    Abstract CC22-MRSA is a major MRSA lineage that is widely reported globally. To characterize CC22-MRSA for trends in antibiotic resistance and emergence of variants, a total of 636 CC22 isolates identified by DNA microarray in 2016 (
    Language English
    Publishing date 2022-08-04
    Publishing country Switzerland
    Document type Journal Article
    ZDB-ID 2587354-4
    ISSN 1664-302X
    ISSN 1664-302X
    DOI 10.3389/fmicb.2022.970924
    Database MEDical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System OnLINE

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  9. Article ; Online: Description of Methicillin-Susceptible Staphylococcus aureus Clonal Complex 30 Related to the Pandemic Phage Type 80/81 Isolated from Patients in Three Tertiary Hospitals in Jos, North Central Nigeria.

    Essien, Unyime C / Boswihi, Samar S / Agbakoba, Nneka R / Udo, Edet E

    Medical principles and practice : international journal of the Kuwait University, Health Science Centre

    2022  Volume 31, Issue 3, Page(s) 269–275

    Abstract: Objective: The prevalence of phage 80/81 Staphylococcus aureus strains, the pandemic strains that were dominant in the 1950s, had declined in the 1960s and 1970s. However, these strains have reemerged in some countries in recent years. This study ... ...

    Abstract Objective: The prevalence of phage 80/81 Staphylococcus aureus strains, the pandemic strains that were dominant in the 1950s, had declined in the 1960s and 1970s. However, these strains have reemerged in some countries in recent years. This study investigated the antibacterial resistance, virulence, and the genetic backgrounds of CC30-MSSA isolates obtained from patients in three tertiary hospitals.
    Materials and methods: Twenty-two CC30-MSSA isolates cultured from different clinical samples were investigated using antibiotic sensitivity testing, spa typing, multilocus sequence typing, and DNA microarray analysis.
    Results: All 22 isolates were susceptible to vancomycin (MIC ≤2 μg/mL), teicoplanin (MIC ≤2 μg/mL), and cefoxitin but were resistant to penicillin G (n = 22; 100.0%), tetracycline (n = 12; 54.5%), ciprofloxacin (n = 15; 68.2%), cadmium acetate (n = 22; 100%), mercuric chloride (n = 13; 59.1%), and ethidium bromide (n = 3; 13.6%). The isolates belonged to sequence type, ST30, and five spa types: t012 (n = 12; 54.5%), t019 (n = 5; 22.7%), t017 (n = 2; 9.1%), t037 (n = 2; 9.1%), and t318 (n = 1; 4.5%). All 22 isolates were positive for agrIII, cap8, clfA, clfB, icaA, icaC, icaD, cna, and staphylococcal enterotoxin gene clusters (seg, sei, sem, sen, seo, seu). Eight isolates carried lukS-PV and lukF-PV that code for Panton-Valentine leukocidin.
    Conclusion: The current CC30-MSSA isolates share phenotypic and genotypic characteristics with the pandemic phage 80/81 isolates that were common in the 1950s and 1960s. Continued surveillance is recommended to keep abreast of the changing epidemiology of S. aureus causing healthcare and community-associated infections.
    MeSH term(s) Anti-Bacterial Agents/pharmacology ; Bacteriophages/genetics ; Humans ; Methicillin ; Methicillin-Resistant Staphylococcus aureus/genetics ; Microbial Sensitivity Tests ; Multilocus Sequence Typing ; Nigeria/epidemiology ; Pandemics ; Staphylococcal Infections/epidemiology ; Staphylococcus aureus/genetics ; Tertiary Care Centers
    Chemical Substances Anti-Bacterial Agents ; Methicillin (Q91FH1328A)
    Language English
    Publishing date 2022-05-17
    Publishing country Switzerland
    Document type Journal Article
    ZDB-ID 645108-1
    ISSN 1423-0151 ; 1011-7571
    ISSN (online) 1423-0151
    ISSN 1011-7571
    DOI 10.1159/000524755
    Database MEDical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System OnLINE

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  10. Article ; Online: Shifts in the Clonal Distribution of Methicillin-Resistant Staphylococcus aureus in Kuwait Hospitals

    Samar S Boswihi / Edet E Udo / Noura Al-Sweih

    PLoS ONE, Vol 11, Iss 9, p e

    1992-2010.

    2016  Volume 0162744

    Abstract: BACKGROUND:As the epidemiology of methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA) is constantly changing globally, determining the prevailing MRSA clones in a local healthcare facility is important for better management of infections. This study ... ...

    Abstract BACKGROUND:As the epidemiology of methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA) is constantly changing globally, determining the prevailing MRSA clones in a local healthcare facility is important for better management of infections. This study investigated clonal composition and distribution of MRSA isolates in Kuwait's hospitals using a combination of molecular typing methods. MATERIALS AND METHODS:In total, 400 non-repeat MRSA isolates were obtained between 1992 and 2010 in 13 public hospitals and were characterized using antibiogram, SCCmec typing, spa typing, and multilocus-sequence typing. Clonal assignment and detection of virulence factors and antibiotic resistance genes were performed by DNA microarray. RESULTS:The isolates were resistant to kanamycin (74.2%), erythromycin (69.5%), tetracycline (66.7%), gentamicin (61%), ciprofloxacin, (61%), fusidic acid (53.5%), clindamycin (41.5%), high-level mupirocin resistance (5.2%) and carried aphA3, aacA-aphD, ermA, ermC, mupA, tetK, tetM, fusC and far1. Molecular typing revealed 31 different MRSA clones consisting of ST239-MRSA-III (52.2%), ST22-MRSA-IV (9.2%), ST80-MRSA-IV (7.5%), ST5-MRSA-II/IV/V/VI (6.5%), ST30-MRSA-IV (3.5%), ST241-MRSA-III (2.7%), ST6-MRSA-IV (2.2%), ST36-MRSA-II (2%) and ST772-MRSA-V (1.75%). The isolates differed in the carriage of genes for enterotoxins, Panton-Valentine leukocidin (PVL), toxic shock syndrome toxin (tst-1), arginine catabolic mobile element (ACME) and exfoliative toxins. The number of clones increased from one (ST239-III-t037) in 1992 to 30 in 2010 including ST8-IV-t008 [PVL+] [ACME+] (USA300), ST772-V (Bengal Bay clone) and ST2816 identified for the first time in Kuwait. CONCLUSION:The study revealed that the MRSA isolates belonged to diverse clones that changed in numbers and diversity overtime. Although ST239-MRSA-III, a healthcare-associated clone remained the dominant MRSA clone overtime, the newly emerged clones consisted mostly of community-associated.
    Keywords Medicine ; R ; Science ; Q
    Subject code 630
    Language English
    Publishing date 2016-01-01T00:00:00Z
    Publisher Public Library of Science (PLoS)
    Document type Article ; Online
    Database BASE - Bielefeld Academic Search Engine (life sciences selection)

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