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Article ; Online: Snack Package Size and Variety Differentially Influence Energy Intake and Food Choices in Healthy Adults.

Reister, Evan J / Leidy, Heather J

Current developments in nutrition

2022 Volume 6, Issue 2, Page(s) nzac004

Abstract: Background: While energy and nutritional content of snacks can contribute to overconsumption, other factors within the modern food environment may also influence the amount and types of snacks consumed.: Objectives: The aim was to examine whether ... ...

Abstract	Background: While energy and nutritional content of snacks can contribute to overconsumption, other factors within the modern food environment may also influence the amount and types of snacks consumed. Objectives: The aim was to examine whether snack package size and variety influence free-living snacking behavior in healthy adults. The impact of intuitive eating score on snacking behavior was also examined. Methods: Thirty adults [age: 23.6 ± 0.8 y; BMI (kg/m Results: LARGE-PACKAGE increased snack intake by 11.9% (1150 ± 81 kcal) compared with CONTROL (1030 ± 71 kcal, Conclusions: Snack package size and variety differentially influence energy intake and food choices in healthy adults. This trial was registered atclinicaltrials.gov (NCT03940105).
Language	English
Publishing date	2022-01-17
Publishing country	United States
Document type	Journal Article
ISSN	2475-2991
ISSN (online)	2475-2991
DOI	10.1093/cdn/nzac004
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Article ; Online: Higher expression of miR-15b-5p with inclusion of fresh, lean beef as part of a healthy dietary pattern is inversely associated with markers of cardio-metabolic disease risk.

Piacquadio, Kamille A / Margolis, Lee M / Gwin, Jess A / Leidy, Heather J

The Journal of nutrition

2024

Abstract: Background: Considerable controversy exists surrounding the consumption of red meat and its impacts on cardio-metabolic health and may further impact risk factors at the molecular level.: Objective: The purpose of this study was to examine the acute ... ...

Abstract	Background: Considerable controversy exists surrounding the consumption of red meat and its impacts on cardio-metabolic health and may further impact risk factors at the molecular level. Objective: The purpose of this study was to examine the acute effects of dietary patterns, varying in red meat quantity, on the expression of circulating microRNA (miRNA)s, which are emerging biomarkers of metabolic dysfunction and chronic disease severity. Methods: Secondary analyses were performed from plasma samples collected within a randomized, crossover design study in 16 women with overweight (mean ± SD, age = 33 ± 9.89y; BMI = 27.9 ± 1.66kg/m Results: Of the 12 miRNAs, miR-15b-5p expression was higher following BEEF vs. PLANT (P=0.024). Increased miR-15b-5p expression correlated with decreased fasting CRP (r=-0.494; P=0.086) and insulin concentrations (r=-0.670; P=0.017). miR-15b-5p was inversely correlated with insulin resistance (r= -0.642; P=0.024) and beta cell function (r=-0.646; P=0.023), and positively correlated with markers of insulin sensitivity (r=0.520; P=0.083). However, the correlations were only observed following BEEF, not PLANT. Conclusions: These data indicate that the short-term intake of fresh, lean beef as part of a healthy dietary pattern impacts potential biomarkers of cardiometabolic health which are associated with cardiometabolic risk factors in women with overweight. Clinical trials number: NCT02614729.
Language	English
Publishing date	2024-04-25
Publishing country	United States
Document type	Journal Article
ZDB-ID	218373-0
ISSN	1541-6100 ; 0022-3166
ISSN (online)	1541-6100
ISSN	0022-3166
DOI	10.1016/j.tjnut.2024.04.026
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Article ; Online: Protein Source Influences Acute Appetite and Satiety but Not Subsequent Food Intake in Healthy Adults.

Braden, Morgan L / Gwin, Jess A / Leidy, Heather J

The Journal of nutrition

2023 Volume 153, Issue 6, Page(s) 1825–1833

Abstract: Background: Although current recommendations encourage plant-based dietary patterns, data is limited as to whether the equivalent substitution of animal-based protein-rich foods with plant-based versions impacts ingestive behavior.: Objectives: To ... ...

Abstract	Background: Although current recommendations encourage plant-based dietary patterns, data is limited as to whether the equivalent substitution of animal-based protein-rich foods with plant-based versions impacts ingestive behavior. Objectives: To compare higher-protein preloads, varying in protein source, on appetite, satiety, and subsequent energy intake. Methods: Thirty-two adults (age: 25 ± 1 y; body mass index (BMI) measured in kg/m Results: CAS (-3330 ± 690 mm∗240 min) and PEA (-2840 ± 930mm∗240 min) reduced 4-h appetite compared with SOY (-1440 ± 936 mm∗240 min; both, P < 0.05). WHEY was not different (-2290 ± 930 mm∗240 min). CAS (3520 ± 84 pg/mL∗240 min) and PEA (3860 ± 864 pg/mL∗240 min) increased 4-h peptide YY concentrations compared with SOY (2200 ± 869 pg/mL∗240 min; both, P < 0.05). WHEY was not different (3870 ± 932 pg/mL∗240 min). No differences in ad libitum energy intake were observed. Conclusions: CAS and PEA, but not WHEY, elicited greater acute changes in appetite and satiety compared with SOY in healthy adults, supporting that not all protein sources are equivalent. This trial is registered at clinicaltrials.gov (NCT03154606).
MeSH term(s)	Animals ; Appetite ; Satiation ; Energy Intake ; Feeding Behavior ; Whey Proteins ; Eating ; Cross-Over Studies
Chemical Substances	Whey Proteins
Language	English
Publishing date	2023-04-06
Publishing country	United States
Document type	Journal Article ; Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't
ZDB-ID	218373-0
ISSN	1541-6100 ; 0022-3166
ISSN (online)	1541-6100
ISSN	0022-3166
DOI	10.1016/j.tjnut.2023.04.001
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Article ; Online: Correction: Protein "requirements" beyond the RDA: implications for optimizing health.

Phillips, Stuart M / Chevalier, Stéphanie / Leidy, Heather J

Applied physiology, nutrition, and metabolism = Physiologie appliquee, nutrition et metabolisme

2022 Volume 47, Issue 5, Page(s) 615

Language	English
Publishing date	2022-03-29
Publishing country	Canada
Document type	Published Erratum
ZDB-ID	2236708-1
ISSN	1715-5320 ; 1715-5312
ISSN (online)	1715-5320
ISSN	1715-5312
DOI	10.1139/apnm-2022-0131
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Article ; Online: Consumption of protein beverages as a strategy to promote increased energy intake in older adults.

Leidy, Heather J

The American journal of clinical nutrition

2017 Volume 106, Issue 3, Page(s) 715–716

MeSH term(s)	Aged ; Appetite ; Beverages/analysis ; Energy Intake ; Female ; Gastric Emptying ; Humans ; Male ; Whey ; Whey Proteins
Chemical Substances	Whey Proteins
Language	English
Publishing date	2017-08-09
Publishing country	United States
Document type	Journal Article ; Comment
ZDB-ID	280048-2
ISSN	1938-3207 ; 0002-9165
ISSN (online)	1938-3207
ISSN	0002-9165
DOI	10.3945/ajcn.117.164160
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Article ; Online: Growing up strong: The importance of physical, mental, and emotional strength during childhood and adolescence with focus on dietary factors.

Leidy, Heather J / Gwin, Jess A

Applied physiology, nutrition, and metabolism = Physiologie appliquee, nutrition et metabolisme

2020 Volume 45, Issue 10, Page(s) 1071–1080

Abstract: Childhood and adolescence are critical time periods for growth and development. Given the current physical and psychological health concerns affecting United States youth, an emerging area of interest exists supporting the importance of physical and ... ...

Abstract	Childhood and adolescence are critical time periods for growth and development. Given the current physical and psychological health concerns affecting United States youth, an emerging area of interest exists supporting the importance of physical and psychological aspects of strength for health, resilience, and well-being through these life stages. This synopsis highlights the key concepts that were presented within the 2018 Strength Summit conference, entitled
Language	English
Publishing date	2020-07-10
Publishing country	Canada
Document type	Journal Article
ZDB-ID	2236708-1
ISSN	1715-5320 ; 1715-5312
ISSN (online)	1715-5320
ISSN	1715-5312
DOI	10.1139/apnm-2020-0058
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Article ; Online: An Afternoon Hummus Snack Affects Diet Quality, Appetite, and Glycemic Control in Healthy Adults.

Reister, Evan J / Leidy, Heather J

The Journal of nutrition

2020 Volume 150, Issue 8, Page(s) 2214–2222

Abstract: Background: Snacking continues to be a major component in the dietary patterns of most Americans despite conflicting evidence surrounding snacking healthfulness. Low-sugar, highly nutritive snacks, such as hummus, can lead to improvements in diet ... ...

Abstract	Background: Snacking continues to be a major component in the dietary patterns of most Americans despite conflicting evidence surrounding snacking healthfulness. Low-sugar, highly nutritive snacks, such as hummus, can lead to improvements in diet quality, appetite, and glycemic control. Objectives: The purpose of the study was to examine the effects of afternoon snacking on diet quality, appetite, and glycemic control in healthy adults. Methods: Thirty-nine adults (age: 26 ± 1 y; BMI: 24.4 ± 0.5 kg/m2) randomly completed the following afternoon snack patterns for 6 d/pattern: hummus and pretzels [HUMMUS; 240 kcal; 6 g protein, 31 g carbohydrate (2 g sugar), 11 g fat]; granola bars [BARS; 240 kcal; 4 g protein, 38 g carbohydrate (16 g sugar), 9 g fat]; or no snacking (NO SNACK). On day 7 of each pattern, a standardized breakfast and lunch were provided. The respective snack was provided to participants 3 h after lunch, and appetite, satiety, and mood questionnaires were completed throughout the afternoon. At 3 h postsnack, a standardized dinner was consumed, and an evening snack cooler was provided to be consumed, ad libitum at home, throughout the evening. Lastly, 24 h continuous glucose monitoring was performed. Results: HUMMUS reduced subsequent snacking on desserts by ∼20% compared with NO SNACK (P = 0.001) and BARS (P < 0.001). HUMMUS led to greater dietary compensation compared with BARS (122 ± 31% compared with 72 ± 32%, respectively; P < 0.05). HUMMUS reduced indices of appetite (i.e., hunger, desire to eat, and prospective food consumption) by ∼70% compared with NO SNACK (all P < 0.05), whereas BARS did not. Additionally, satiety was ∼30% greater following HUMMUS and BARS compared with NO SNACK (both P < 0.005) with no differences between snacks. Lastly, HUMMUS reduced afternoon blood glucose concentrations by ∼5% compared with BARS (P < 0.05). Conclusions: Acute consumption of a low-sugar, afternoon hummus snack improved diet quality and selected indices of appetite, satiety, and glycemic control in healthy adults. Long-term trials assessing the effects of hummus snacking on health outcomes are warranted.
MeSH term(s)	Adult ; Appetite ; Blood Glucose ; Cross-Over Studies ; Diet/standards ; Energy Intake ; Female ; Humans ; Male ; Prospective Studies ; Satiation ; Snacks
Chemical Substances	Blood Glucose
Language	English
Publishing date	2020-05-29
Publishing country	United States
Document type	Journal Article ; Randomized Controlled Trial ; Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't
ZDB-ID	218373-0
ISSN	1541-6100 ; 0022-3166
ISSN (online)	1541-6100
ISSN	0022-3166
DOI	10.1093/jn/nxaa139
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Article ; Online: Important Concepts in Protein Nutrition, Aging, and Skeletal Muscle: Honoring Dr Douglas Paddon-Jones (1969-2021) by Highlighting His Research Contributions.

Arentson-Lantz, Emily J / Layman, Donald K / Leidy, Heather J / Campbell, Wayne W / Phillips, Stuart M

The Journal of nutrition

2023 Volume 153, Issue 3, Page(s) 615–621

Abstract: This review is a tribute to honor Dr Douglas Paddon-Jones by highlighting his career research contributions. Dr Paddon-Jones was a leader in recognizing the importance of muscle health and the interactions of physical activity and dietary protein for ... ...

Abstract	This review is a tribute to honor Dr Douglas Paddon-Jones by highlighting his career research contributions. Dr Paddon-Jones was a leader in recognizing the importance of muscle health and the interactions of physical activity and dietary protein for optimizing the health span. Aging is characterized by loss of muscle mass and strength associated with reduced rates of muscle protein synthesis (MPS) and the ability to repair and replace muscle proteins. Research from the team at the University of Texas Medical Branch in Galveston discovered that the age-related decline in MPS could be overcome by increasing the quantity or quality of dietary protein at each meal. Dr Paddon-Jones was instrumental in proposing and testing a "protein threshold" of ∼30 g protein/meal to optimize MPS in older adults. Dr Paddon-Jones demonstrated that physical inactivity greatly accelerates the loss of muscle mass and function in older adults. His work in physical activity led him to propose the "Catabolic Crisis Model" of muscle size and function losses, suggesting that age-related muscle loss is not a linear process, but the result of acute periods of disuse associated with injuries, illnesses, and bed rest. This model creates the opportunity to provide targeted interventions via protein supplementation and/or increased dietary protein through consuming high-quality animal-source foods. He illustrated that nutritional support, particularly enhanced protein quantity, quality, and meal distribution, can help preserve muscle health during periods of inactivity and promote health across the life course.
MeSH term(s)	Animals ; Male ; Dietary Proteins/metabolism ; Health Promotion ; Muscle Proteins/metabolism ; Muscle, Skeletal/metabolism ; History, 20th Century ; History, 21st Century
Chemical Substances	Dietary Proteins ; Muscle Proteins
Language	English
Publishing date	2023-01-11
Publishing country	United States
Document type	Biography ; Historical Article ; Journal Article ; Research Support, N.I.H., Extramural ; Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't ; Research Support, U.S. Gov't, Non-P.H.S. ; Review
ZDB-ID	218373-0
ISSN	1541-6100 ; 0022-3166
ISSN (online)	1541-6100
ISSN	0022-3166
DOI	10.1016/j.tjnut.2023.01.011
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Article ; Online: Novel Methodological Considerations Regarding the Use of Visual Analog Scale (VAS) Appetite Questionnaires in Tightly Controlled Feeding Trials.

Douglas, Steve M / Leidy, Heather J

Current developments in nutrition

2019 Volume 3, Issue 6, Page(s) nzz061

Abstract: Visual analog scale (VAS) questionnaires are widely used in nutrition research to assess appetite and subsequent food intake. However, a number of methodological considerations exist. The study aims were to test ... ...

Abstract	Visual analog scale (VAS) questionnaires are widely used in nutrition research to assess appetite and subsequent food intake. However, a number of methodological considerations exist. The study aims were to test whether
Language	English
Publishing date	2019-05-02
Publishing country	United States
Document type	Journal Article
ISSN	2475-2991
ISSN (online)	2475-2991
DOI	10.1093/cdn/nzz061
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Article: Increased dietary protein as a dietary strategy to prevent and/or treat obesity.

Leidy, Heather J

Missouri medicine

2014 Volume 111, Issue 1, Page(s) 54–58

Abstract: Obesity in America continues to be a major public health concern. Emerging scientific evidence suggests that a diet rich in high-quality protein is a beneficial dietary strategy to prevent and/or treat obesity. This paper provides a brief synopsis of the ...

Abstract	Obesity in America continues to be a major public health concern. Emerging scientific evidence suggests that a diet rich in high-quality protein is a beneficial dietary strategy to prevent and/or treat obesity. This paper provides a brief synopsis of the latest research regarding the effects of higher protein diets to improve body weight management and energy intake regulation. Specific focus on the effects of increased dietary protein on appetite control, satiety, and food cravings are also explored.
MeSH term(s)	Appetite/physiology ; Dietary Proteins/administration & dosage ; Energy Intake/physiology ; Energy Metabolism/physiology ; Food Preferences ; Humans ; Obesity/metabolism ; Obesity/prevention & control ; Satiation/physiology ; Weight Loss/physiology
Chemical Substances	Dietary Proteins
Language	English
Publishing date	2014-03-18
Publishing country	United States
Document type	Journal Article ; Review
ZDB-ID	427362-x
ISSN	0026-6620
ISSN	0026-6620
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