LIVIVO - The Search Portal for Life Sciences

zur deutschen Oberfläche wechseln
Advanced search

Search results

Result 1 - 10 of total 194

Search options

  1. Article ; Online: Interpreting the Significance of Changes in Health-Related Quality-of-Life Scores.

    Osoba, D / Rodrigues, G / Myles, J / Zee, B / Pater, J

    Journal of clinical oncology : official journal of the American Society of Clinical Oncology

    2023  Volume 41, Issue 35, Page(s) 5345–5350

    Abstract: Purpose: To determine the significance to patients of changes in health-related quality-of-life (HLQ) scores assessed by the European Organization for Research and Treatment of Cancer (EORTC) Quality of Life Questionnaire (QLQ-C30).: Patients and ... ...

    Abstract Purpose: To determine the significance to patients of changes in health-related quality-of-life (HLQ) scores assessed by the European Organization for Research and Treatment of Cancer (EORTC) Quality of Life Questionnaire (QLQ-C30).
    Patients and methods: A subjective significance questionnaire (SSQ), which asks patients about perceived changes in physical, emotional, and social functioning and in global quality of life (global QL) and the QLQ-C30 were completed by patients who received chemotherapy for either breast cancer or small-cell lung cancer (SCLC). In the SSQ, patients rated their perception of change since the last time they completed the QLQ-C30 using a 7-category scale that ranged from "much worse" through "no change" to "much better." For each category of change in the SSQ, the corresponding differences were calculated in QLQ-C30 mean scores and effect sizes were determined.
    Results: For patients who indicated "no change" in the SSQ, the mean change in scores in the corresponding QLQ-C30 domains was not significantly different from 0. For patients who indicated "a little" change either for better or for worse, the mean change in scores was about 5 to 10; for "moderate" change, about 10 to 20; and for "very much" change, greater than 20. Effect sizes increased in concordance with increasing changes in SSQ ratings and QLQ-C30 scores.
    Conclusion: The significance of changes in QLQ-C30 scores can be interpreted in terms of small, moderate, or large changes in quality of life as reported by patients in the SSQ. The magnitude of these changes also can be used to calculate the sample sizes required to detect a specified change in clinical trials.
    Language English
    Publishing date 2023-12-06
    Publishing country United States
    Document type Corrected and Republished Article
    ZDB-ID 604914-x
    ISSN 1527-7755 ; 0732-183X
    ISSN (online) 1527-7755
    ISSN 0732-183X
    DOI 10.1200/JCO.22.02776
    Database MEDical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System OnLINE

    More links

    Kategorien

    In stock of ZB MED Cologne/Königswinter

    Zs.A 1847: Show issues Location:
    Je nach Verfügbarkeit (siehe Angabe bei Bestand)
    bis Jg. 1994: Bestellungen von Artikeln über das Online-Bestellformular
    Jg. 1995 - 2021: Lesesall (1.OG)
    ab Jg. 2022: Lesesaal (EG)
    Zs.MO 650: Show issues

    Order via subito

    This service is chargeable due to the Delivery terms set by subito. Orders including an article and supplementary material will be classified as separate orders. In these cases, fees will be demanded for each order.

  2. Book ; Online: Improving Decision Support for Infectious Disease Prevention and Control

    Manheim, David / Chamberlin, Margaret / Osoba, Osonde A / Vardavas, Raffaele / Moore, Melinda

    Aligning Models and Other Tools with Policymakers' Needs

    2016  

    Keywords Database design & theory ; Infectious & contagious diseases ; Science: general issues ; Technology ; Health Sciences ; General Science
    Language English
    Size 1 Online-Ressource
    Publisher RAND Corporation
    Document type Book ; Online
    Note English
    HBZ-ID HT030612260
    ISBN 9780833095503 ; 0833095501
    Database ZB MED Catalogue: Medicine, Health, Nutrition, Environment, Agriculture

    More links

    Kategorien

    Order via subito

    This service is chargeable due to the Delivery terms set by subito. Orders including an article and supplementary material will be classified as separate orders. In these cases, fees will be demanded for each order.

    Inter-library loan at ZB MED

    Your chosen title can be delivered directly to ZB MED Cologne location if you are registered as a user at ZB MED Cologne.

  3. Article ; Online: Anthrax toxins-producing Bacillus spp. isolated from handwashing stations during COVID-19 pandemic in Lagos, Nigeria.

    Bamidele, Tajudeen A / Odumosu, Bamidele T / Adenola, Princess T / Ameh, James / Kareem, Olaide K / Osoba, Babatunde / Ezechi, Oliver C / Salako, Babatunde L

    Journal of infection in developing countries

    2023  Volume 17, Issue 8, Page(s) 1076–1080

    Abstract: Introduction: The virulence binding factor, protective antigen (pag) and poly-D-γ-glutamate ...

    Abstract Introduction: The virulence binding factor, protective antigen (pag) and poly-D-γ-glutamate capsular (cap) genes, peculiar to Bacillus anthracis are located in the pXO1 and pXO2 plasmids which are transferable horizontally to related species called "cereus group". The cereus group are usually isolated from the environmental/food samples and have been implicated in debilitating human and animal anthrax-like diseases. This study was designed to investigate the presence of the anthrax virulence genes in different Bacillus spp. isolated from handwashing facilities during COVID-19 pandemic in Lagos, Nigeria.
    Methodology: The Bacillus anthracis (OK316847), B. thuringiensis (OK316855), B. amyloliquefaciens (OK316857), B. cereus (OK316858) and B. thuringiensis (OK316859) previously isolated from rinsates and bowl water in two local government areas (LGAs) of Lagos state were further investigated by the polymerase chain reaction (PCR) amplification of the pag and cap genes using specific primers.
    Results: Bacillus anthracis and B. cereus co-harboured the two 578 bp cap and 364 bp pag genes while B. thuringiensis only harboured the cap gene. Similarly, the non-cereus B. amyloliquefaciens was found to habour the pag gene.
    Conclusions: The two anthrax toxin genes were amplified in the Bacillus spp isolated from rinsates and bowl water used in hand washing in the two study LGAs. Given that these virulence genes have a global consequence and are a potential threat to life, this study calls for an extensive surveillance, and reassessment of gene regulators and plasmid distribution among these strains in our environment.
    MeSH term(s) Animals ; Humans ; Bacillus ; Hand Disinfection ; Anthrax/epidemiology ; Anthrax/prevention & control ; Nigeria/epidemiology ; Pandemics/prevention & control ; COVID-19/epidemiology ; COVID-19/prevention & control
    Chemical Substances anthrax toxin
    Language English
    Publishing date 2023-08-31
    Publishing country Italy
    Document type Journal Article ; Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't
    ZDB-ID 2394024-4
    ISSN 1972-2680 ; 2036-6590
    ISSN (online) 1972-2680
    ISSN 2036-6590
    DOI 10.3855/jidc.18228
    Database MEDical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System OnLINE

    More links

    Kategorien

    Order via subito

    This service is chargeable due to the Delivery terms set by subito. Orders including an article and supplementary material will be classified as separate orders. In these cases, fees will be demanded for each order.

  4. Article ; Online: Health-related quality of life and cancer clinical trials.

    Osoba, David

    Therapeutic advances in medical oncology

    2009  Volume 3, Issue 2, Page(s) 57–71

    Abstract: The measurement of patient-reported outcomes, including health-related quality of life, is a new initiative which has emerged and grown over the past four decades. Following the development of reliable and valid self-report questionnaires, health-related ...

    Abstract The measurement of patient-reported outcomes, including health-related quality of life, is a new initiative which has emerged and grown over the past four decades. Following the development of reliable and valid self-report questionnaires, health-related quality of life has been assessed in tens of thousands of patients and a wide variety of cancers. This review is based on a selection of data published in the last decade and is intended primarily for healthcare professionals. The assessments in clinical trials have been particularly useful for elucidating the effects of various cancers and their treatments on patients' lives and have provided additional information that enhances the usual clinical endpoints used for determining the benefits and toxicity of treatment. With growing experience the quality of the health-related quality of studies has improved and, in general, recent studies are more likely to be methodologically robust than those that were performed in earlier decades. Health-related quality of life has become a more accurate predictor of survival than some other clinical parameters, such as performance status. The overall outlook for the routine assessment of patient-reported outcomes in clinical trials is assured and, eventually, it is likely to become a standard part of clinical practice. However, there is still a need for a clear method for determining the clinical meaningfulness of changes in scores. The answer will probably come from the greater use of patient-reported outcomes and the consequent growth of experience that is necessary to make such judgements.
    Language English
    Publishing date 2009-07-26
    Publishing country England
    Document type Journal Article
    ZDB-ID 2503443-1
    ISSN 1758-8359 ; 1758-8340
    ISSN (online) 1758-8359
    ISSN 1758-8340
    DOI 10.1177/1758834010395342
    Database MEDical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System OnLINE

    Full text online

    More links

    Kategorien

    Order via subito

    This service is chargeable due to the Delivery terms set by subito. Orders including an article and supplementary material will be classified as separate orders. In these cases, fees will be demanded for each order.

  5. Article: Translating the science of patient-reported outcomes assessment into clinical practice.

    Osoba, David

    Journal of the National Cancer Institute. Monographs

    2007  , Issue 37, Page(s) 5–11

    Abstract: Patient-reported outcomes (PROs) are based on direct reporting by patients without the intervention of an observer. They include the self-assessment of functional status, symptoms, and other concerns such as needs and satisfaction with care. Health- ... ...

    Abstract Patient-reported outcomes (PROs) are based on direct reporting by patients without the intervention of an observer. They include the self-assessment of functional status, symptoms, and other concerns such as needs and satisfaction with care. Health-related quality of life (HRQOL) assessment is a form of PRO and often includes both functional status and symptoms. The science underlying the assessment of HRQOL in clinical practice requires an understanding of the relationships between symptoms, functional status, and HRQOL, as well as instrument selection, and analysis and interpretation of the data. A modification of the Wilson and Cleary model is proposed to show the likelihood of bidirectional relationships between symptoms, functions, and HRQOL. Instrument selection should be based on the measurement properties of the instruments and patient populations in which they will be used. Analyses of data that allow a calculation of the proportion of patients who benefit from an intervention are preferred to analyses that show only the mean change in scores from baseline. HRQOL assessment in clinical practice has been shown to lead to a better understanding of patients' concerns with improvement in counseling and referral for required services. Potentially, HRQOL assessment should also be used to monitor the progress of a patient's disease and benefit from treatment.
    MeSH term(s) Clinical Trials as Topic/methods ; Health Status ; Humans ; Neoplasms/complications ; Neoplasms/psychology ; Neoplasms/therapy ; Outcome Assessment (Health Care)/methods ; Quality of Life
    Language English
    Publishing date 2007
    Publishing country United States
    Document type Journal Article ; Review
    ISSN 1052-6773
    ISSN 1052-6773
    DOI 10.1093/jncimonographs/lgm002
    Database MEDical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System OnLINE

    Full text online

    More links

    Kategorien

    Order via subito

    This service is chargeable due to the Delivery terms set by subito. Orders including an article and supplementary material will be classified as separate orders. In these cases, fees will be demanded for each order.

    Inter-library loan at ZB MED

    Your chosen title can be delivered directly to ZB MED Cologne location if you are registered as a user at ZB MED Cologne.

  6. Book ; Online: Steps Towards Value-Aligned Systems

    Osoba, Osonde A. / Boudreaux, Benjamin / Yeung, Douglas

    2020  

    Abstract: Algorithmic (including AI/ML) decision-making artifacts are an established and growing part of our decision-making ecosystem. They are indispensable tools for managing the flood of information needed to make effective decisions in a complex world. The ... ...

    Abstract Algorithmic (including AI/ML) decision-making artifacts are an established and growing part of our decision-making ecosystem. They are indispensable tools for managing the flood of information needed to make effective decisions in a complex world. The current literature is full of examples of how individual artifacts violate societal norms and expectations (e.g. violations of fairness, privacy, or safety norms). Against this backdrop, this discussion highlights an under-emphasized perspective in the literature on assessing value misalignment in AI-equipped sociotechnical systems. The research on value misalignment has a strong focus on the behavior of individual tech artifacts. This discussion argues for a more structured systems-level approach for assessing value-alignment in sociotechnical systems. We rely primarily on the research on fairness to make our arguments more concrete. And we use the opportunity to highlight how adopting a system perspective improves our ability to explain and address value misalignments better. Our discussion ends with an exploration of priority questions that demand attention if we are to assure the value alignment of whole systems, not just individual artifacts.

    Comment: Original version appeared in Proceedings of the 2020 AAAI ACM Conference on AI, Ethics, and Society (AIES '20), February 7-8, 2020, New York, NY, USA. 5 pages, 2 figures. Corrected some typos in this version
    Keywords Computer Science - Computers and Society
    Subject code 360
    Publishing date 2020-02-10
    Publishing country us
    Document type Book ; Online
    Database BASE - Bielefeld Academic Search Engine (life sciences selection)

    Full text online

    More links

    Kategorien

    Inter-library loan at ZB MED

    Your chosen title can be delivered directly to ZB MED Cologne location if you are registered as a user at ZB MED Cologne.

  7. Article: Health-related quality of life and predicting survival in cancer: not a simple matter.

    Osoba, David

    Supportive care in cancer : official journal of the Multinational Association of Supportive Care in Cancer

    2006  Volume 15, Issue 4, Page(s) 353–355

    MeSH term(s) Attitude to Health ; Forecasting ; Health Status ; Humans ; Kaplan-Meier Estimate ; Neoplasms/mortality ; Quality of Life ; Surveys and Questionnaires
    Language English
    Publishing date 2006-11-21
    Publishing country Germany
    Document type Comment ; Editorial
    ZDB-ID 1134446-5
    ISSN 1433-7339 ; 0941-4355
    ISSN (online) 1433-7339
    ISSN 0941-4355
    DOI 10.1007/s00520-006-0187-6
    Database MEDical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System OnLINE

    Full text online

    More links

    Kategorien

    In stock of ZB MED Cologne/Königswinter

    Zs.A 3697: Show issues Location:
    Je nach Verfügbarkeit (siehe Angabe bei Bestand)
    bis Jg. 1994: Bestellungen von Artikeln über das Online-Bestellformular
    Jg. 1995 - 2021: Lesesall (2.OG)
    ab Jg. 2022: Lesesaal (EG)

    Order via subito

    This service is chargeable due to the Delivery terms set by subito. Orders including an article and supplementary material will be classified as separate orders. In these cases, fees will be demanded for each order.

  8. Article: Effects of temozolomide in malignant brain tumours.

    Osoba, D

    Lancet (London, England)

    2000  Volume 356, Issue 9226, Page(s) 342

    MeSH term(s) Antineoplastic Agents, Alkylating/therapeutic use ; Brain Neoplasms/drug therapy ; Clinical Trials, Phase II as Topic ; Clinical Trials, Phase III as Topic ; Dacarbazine/analogs & derivatives ; Dacarbazine/therapeutic use ; Glioma/drug therapy ; Humans ; Quality of Life
    Chemical Substances Antineoplastic Agents, Alkylating ; Dacarbazine (7GR28W0FJI) ; temozolomide (YF1K15M17Y)
    Language English
    Publishing date 2000-07-22
    Publishing country England
    Document type Letter ; Comment
    ZDB-ID 3306-6
    ISSN 1474-547X ; 0140-6736 ; 0023-7507
    ISSN (online) 1474-547X
    ISSN 0140-6736 ; 0023-7507
    DOI 10.1016/S0140-6736(05)73628-X
    Database MEDical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System OnLINE

    More links

    Kategorien

    In stock of ZB MED Cologne/Königswinter

    Ua VI Zs.5: Show issues Location:
    Je nach Verfügbarkeit (siehe Angabe bei Bestand)
    bis Jg. 2021: Bestellungen von Artikeln über das Online-Bestellformular
    ab Jg. 2022: Lesesaal (EG)
    Zs.MG 94: Show issues

    Order via subito

    This service is chargeable due to the Delivery terms set by subito. Orders including an article and supplementary material will be classified as separate orders. In these cases, fees will be demanded for each order.

  9. Article: Health-related quality-of-life assessment in clinical trials of supportive care in oncology.

    Osoba, D

    Supportive care in cancer : official journal of the Multinational Association of Supportive Care in Cancer

    2000  Volume 8, Issue 2, Page(s) 84–88

    Abstract: A primary objective of symptom control and supportive care in clinical trials is to improve health-related quality of life. However, in the past, most such clinical trials have concentrated on limited outcomes, such as control of anorexia or pain, and ... ...

    Abstract A primary objective of symptom control and supportive care in clinical trials is to improve health-related quality of life. However, in the past, most such clinical trials have concentrated on limited outcomes, such as control of anorexia or pain, and have not taken into account the broader outcome of health-related quality of life. The multidimensional tools needed to carry out these trials are now available, and several studies have yielded results that are informative and useful. These include studies on ameliorating anorexia and weight loss, fatigue and anemia, postchemotherapy nausea and vomiting, and pain from bone metastases. Examples of such studies are given. However, there is still much to learn, and investigators are urged to continue to measure health-related quality of life in clinical trials of symptom control and supportive care.
    MeSH term(s) Anemia/therapy ; Anorexia/drug therapy ; Bone Neoplasms/secondary ; Clinical Trials as Topic/standards ; Fatigue/therapy ; Humans ; Medical Oncology ; Nausea/prevention & control ; Neoplasms/psychology ; Pain Management ; Quality of Life ; Terminal Care/standards ; Vomiting/prevention & control
    Language English
    Publishing date 2000-03
    Publishing country Germany
    Document type Journal Article ; Review
    ZDB-ID 1134446-5
    ISSN 1433-7339 ; 0941-4355
    ISSN (online) 1433-7339
    ISSN 0941-4355
    DOI 10.1007/s005200050020
    Database MEDical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System OnLINE

    Full text online

    More links

    Kategorien

    In stock of ZB MED Cologne/Königswinter

    Zs.A 3697: Show issues Location:
    Je nach Verfügbarkeit (siehe Angabe bei Bestand)
    bis Jg. 1994: Bestellungen von Artikeln über das Online-Bestellformular
    Jg. 1995 - 2021: Lesesall (2.OG)
    ab Jg. 2022: Lesesaal (EG)

    Order via subito

    This service is chargeable due to the Delivery terms set by subito. Orders including an article and supplementary material will be classified as separate orders. In these cases, fees will be demanded for each order.

  10. Article: A taxonomy of the uses of health-related quality-of-life instruments in cancer care and the clinical meaningfulness of the results.

    Osoba, David

    Medical care

    2002  Volume 40, Issue 6 Suppl, Page(s) III31–8

    Abstract: Objectives: To propose a taxonomy of psychometrically based, health-related quality-of-life instruments related to three levels of decision-making of health care: the macro, meso and micro levels. The choice of appropriate health-related quality-of-life ...

    Abstract Objectives: To propose a taxonomy of psychometrically based, health-related quality-of-life instruments related to three levels of decision-making of health care: the macro, meso and micro levels. The choice of appropriate health-related quality-of-life instruments for each level of desired decision making in various clinical settings is illustrated. A secondary objective was to describe solutions for some of the difficulties inherent in the interpretation of the results of health-related quality-of-life assessment.
    Design: The three main levels of clinical decision making are listed and the instruments used most frequently in cancer clinical trials are reviewed from the medical literature.
    Proposals: Generic and utility-based instruments are likely to be the most valuable at the macro level of decision making, whereas condition-specific, disease-specific, and situation-specific instruments are most useful for decision making at the meso and micro levels. A determination of the proportions of patients who have reached a meaningful change in health-related quality-of-life scores (eg, > or =10 for scales of 1-100) over a standard period is a rational approach to interpreting the significance of changes in scores.
    Conclusions: Awareness of the level of decision making that is involved in the clinical assessment of health-related quality of life can be helpful in choosing instruments that are appropriate for various clinical settings. Some of the difficulties in interpreting the meaning of changes in health-related quality-of-life scores can be overcome by comparing the proportions of patients who have achieved a preset magnitude of change.
    MeSH term(s) Canada ; Classification ; Decision Making ; Health Services Research ; Humans ; Neoplasms/physiopathology ; Neoplasms/psychology ; Neoplasms/therapy ; Outcome Assessment (Health Care)/methods ; Psychometrics ; Quality of Life/psychology ; Sickness Impact Profile
    Language English
    Publishing date 2002-08-16
    Publishing country United States
    Document type Journal Article
    ZDB-ID 411646-x
    ISSN 1537-1948 ; 0025-7079
    ISSN (online) 1537-1948
    ISSN 0025-7079
    DOI 10.1097/00005650-200206001-00006
    Database MEDical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System OnLINE

    More links

    Kategorien

    In stock of ZB MED Cologne/Königswinter

    Zs.B 518: Show issues Location:
    Je nach Verfügbarkeit (siehe Angabe bei Bestand)
    bis Jg. 2021: Bestellungen von Artikeln über das Online-Bestellformular
    ab Jg. 2022: Lesesaal (EG)
    Zs.MO 63: Show issues

    Order via subito

    This service is chargeable due to the Delivery terms set by subito. Orders including an article and supplementary material will be classified as separate orders. In these cases, fees will be demanded for each order.

To top