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  1. Article ; Online: The unique structural and functional characteristics of glomerular endothelial cell fenestrations and their potential as a therapeutic target in kidney disease.

    Finch, Natalie C / Neal, Chris R / Welsh, Gavin I / Foster, Rebecca R / Satchell, Simon C

    American journal of physiology. Renal physiology

    2023  Volume 325, Issue 4, Page(s) F465–F478

    Abstract: Glomerular endothelial cell (GEnC) fenestrations are a critical component of the glomerular filtration barrier. Their unique nondiaphragmed structure is key to their function in glomerular hydraulic permeability, and their aberration in disease can ... ...

    Abstract Glomerular endothelial cell (GEnC) fenestrations are a critical component of the glomerular filtration barrier. Their unique nondiaphragmed structure is key to their function in glomerular hydraulic permeability, and their aberration in disease can contribute to loss of glomerular filtration function. This review provides a comprehensive update of current understanding of the regulation and biogenesis of fenestrae. We consider diseases in which GEnC fenestration loss is recognized or may play a role and discuss methods with potential to facilitate the study of these critical structures. Literature is drawn from GEnCs as well as other fenestrated cell types such as liver sinusoidal endothelial cells that most closely parallel GEnCs.
    MeSH term(s) Humans ; Endothelial Cells/metabolism ; Endothelium ; Kidney Glomerulus/metabolism ; Glomerular Filtration Barrier ; Kidney Diseases/drug therapy ; Kidney Diseases/metabolism
    Language English
    Publishing date 2023-07-20
    Publishing country United States
    Document type Journal Article ; Review ; Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't
    ZDB-ID 603837-2
    ISSN 1522-1466 ; 0363-6127
    ISSN (online) 1522-1466
    ISSN 0363-6127
    DOI 10.1152/ajprenal.00036.2023
    Database MEDical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System OnLINE

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  2. Article ; Online: Codesign of Lynch Choices

    Kohut, Kelly / Morton, Kate / Turner, Lesley / Foster, Rebecca / Eccles, Diana / Foster, Claire

    Psycho-oncology

    2024  Volume 33, Issue 3, Page(s) e6330

    Abstract: Background: Resources including Patient Decision Aids (PtDA) are useful and valued by patients and clinicians to provide information and complement shared decision-making. Despite their promise, few PtDA exist for patients with genetic cancer ... ...

    Abstract Background: Resources including Patient Decision Aids (PtDA) are useful and valued by patients and clinicians to provide information and complement shared decision-making. Despite their promise, few PtDA exist for patients with genetic cancer susceptibility facing difficult decisions about risk management. We aimed to fill this gap, partnering with patients to codesign Lynch Choices
    Methods: Patient/stakeholder suggestions were incorporated in a transparent Table of Changes and prioritised using the Person-Based Approach throughout planning and codesign of Lynch Choices
    Results: Patient and stakeholder partnerships drove the direction of the research throughout codesign, resulting in several iterative refinements to the PtDA prior to roll out including the addition of illustrations/videos, clearer presentation of cancer risks and increased accessibility for lower literacy. Barriers and facilitators identified from stakeholders were used to create an implementation process map.
    Conclusions: Creating an effective, engaging PtDA is not enough. Systematic uptake in real world clinical practice, with its resource limitations, is needed to optimise benefit to patients and clinicians. Assessment of speed and breadth of dissemination and usage will be collected to further evidence the benefit of embedding implementation science methods from the outset to translate research findings into clinical practice.
    MeSH term(s) Humans ; Critical Pathways ; Implementation Science ; Decision Making, Shared ; Genetic Predisposition to Disease ; Patients ; Neoplasms/therapy
    Language English
    Publishing date 2024-03-19
    Publishing country England
    Document type Journal Article
    ZDB-ID 1118536-3
    ISSN 1099-1611 ; 1057-9249
    ISSN (online) 1099-1611
    ISSN 1057-9249
    DOI 10.1002/pon.6330
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  3. Article ; Online: Nursing practices to optimise rheumatic fever prevention in a high-risk country: An integrative review.

    Murray, Ruby / Mowat, Rebecca / Foster, Mandie Jane / Blamires, Julie

    Journal of clinical nursing

    2024  

    Abstract: Background: New Zealand is one of the last high-income countries in the world experiencing significant rates of rheumatic fever. Nurses play a crucial role in rheumatic fever prevention; however, little is understood as to how nurses can best achieve ... ...

    Abstract Background: New Zealand is one of the last high-income countries in the world experiencing significant rates of rheumatic fever. Nurses play a crucial role in rheumatic fever prevention; however, little is understood as to how nurses can best achieve this.
    Aim: To explore nursing practices that optimise rheumatic fever prevention.
    Design: An integrative review.
    Methods: Four electronic databases (CINAHL, SCOPUS, Medline via, and Ovid) were searched for peer-reviewed empirical articles published from 2013 to 2023. Grey literature (guidelines/reports) was also sourced. Critical appraisal was applied using the Mixed-Methods Appraisal Tools and the Joanna Briggs Critical Appraisal checklist. Qualitative Research in Psychology, 3(2), 77-101, thematic analysis method was used to generate themes.
    Results: Seven research articles and three national reports were included. Four themes-in-depth nursing knowledge and improving prophylaxis adherence, cultural competency, and therapeutic nurse-patient relationships-were found.
    Conclusion: While nursing knowledge and ways to improve injection adherence are essential, being culturally receptive and developing therapeutic relationships are equally important. Without strong and trusting relationships, it is difficult to deliver care required for prevention success.
    Implications to care: When working with vulnerable populations it is important to be culturally receptive in all interactions with patients and their families.
    Impact: New Zealand has high rates of rheumatic fever, especially among vulnerable populations such as Pacific Islanders and Māori. Nurses are often frontline primary care providers who, when skilled with the right tools, can help reduce the prevalence of this disease.
    Reporting method: The Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analysis flow chart.
    Patient or public contribution: No Patient or Public Contribution was required for this research.
    Language English
    Publishing date 2024-03-28
    Publishing country England
    Document type Journal Article ; Review
    ZDB-ID 1159483-4
    ISSN 1365-2702 ; 0962-1067 ; 1752-9816
    ISSN (online) 1365-2702
    ISSN 0962-1067 ; 1752-9816
    DOI 10.1111/jocn.17141
    Database MEDical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System OnLINE

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  4. Article ; Online: Emotional reactivity and parenting in families experiencing homelessness.

    Palmer, Alyssa R / Foster, Rachel A / Distefano, Rebecca / Masten, Ann S

    Journal of family psychology : JFP : journal of the Division of Family Psychology of the American Psychological Association (Division 43)

    2021  Volume 36, Issue 4, Page(s) 636–641

    Abstract: Parents are key protective systems in the lives of children experiencing homelessness. Evidence suggests that parent emotional reactivity, expression, and regulation play a critical role in promoting adaptive parenting behaviors. Studies of emotional ... ...

    Abstract Parents are key protective systems in the lives of children experiencing homelessness. Evidence suggests that parent emotional reactivity, expression, and regulation play a critical role in promoting adaptive parenting behaviors. Studies of emotional reactivity in parents utilize different methods, including self-report, observations, and physiological measures. However, these methods are rarely evaluated together, particularly among disadvantaged families. The present study examined how subjective (i.e., self-report), observed, and physiological measures of parent emotional reactivity relate to each other and to observed parenting behaviors in problem-solving and teaching parent-child interaction tasks. Participants included fifty 4- to 7-year-old children and their caregivers staying in an emergency homeless shelter. Observed and subjective emotional reactivity were largely uncorrelated, except for positive emotions during problem-solving tasks. Adaptive parenting behavior was related to lower scores on measures of subjective and observed negative emotions and higher observed scores for positive emotions during problem-solving tasks, as well as higher observed scores of positive emotions during teaching tasks. Physiological reactivity was not related to parenting behaviors. Results suggest that associations of emotional reactivity with parenting behavior depend on the context of the parent-child interaction and how emotional reactivity is measured. (PsycInfo Database Record (c) 2022 APA, all rights reserved).
    MeSH term(s) Adaptation, Psychological ; Child ; Child, Preschool ; Emotions ; Ill-Housed Persons ; Humans ; Parent-Child Relations ; Parenting/psychology ; Parents/psychology
    Language English
    Publishing date 2021-09-09
    Publishing country United States
    Document type Journal Article
    ZDB-ID 619328-6
    ISSN 1939-1293 ; 0893-3200
    ISSN (online) 1939-1293
    ISSN 0893-3200
    DOI 10.1037/fam0000921
    Database MEDical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System OnLINE

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  5. Article ; Online: The authors reply.

    Ramnath, Raina D / Butler, Matthew J / Foster, Rebecca R / Satchell, Simon C

    Kidney international

    2020  Volume 97, Issue 5, Page(s) 1057–1058

    MeSH term(s) Diabetes Mellitus ; Diabetic Nephropathies ; Glomerular Filtration Barrier ; Glycocalyx ; Humans ; Matrix Metalloproteinases ; Syndecan-4
    Chemical Substances Syndecan-4 ; Matrix Metalloproteinases (EC 3.4.24.-)
    Language English
    Publishing date 2020-04-22
    Publishing country United States
    Document type Letter ; Comment
    ZDB-ID 120573-0
    ISSN 1523-1755 ; 0085-2538
    ISSN (online) 1523-1755
    ISSN 0085-2538
    DOI 10.1016/j.kint.2020.02.006
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  6. Article ; Online: Adiponectin reduces glomerular endothelial glycocalyx disruption and restores glomerular barrier function in a mouse model of type 2 diabetes.

    Fawaz, Sarah / Martin Alonso, Aldara / Qiu, Yan / Ramnath, Raina / Stowell-Connolly, Holly / Gamez, Monica / May, Carl / Down, Colin / Coward, Richard J / Butler, Matthew J / Welsh, Gavin I / Satchell, Simon C / Foster, Rebecca R

    Diabetes

    2024  

    Abstract: Adiponectin has vascular anti-inflammatory and protective effects. Whilst adiponectin is known to protect against the development of albuminuria, historically the focus has been on podocyte protection within the glomerular filtration barrier (GFB). The ... ...

    Abstract Adiponectin has vascular anti-inflammatory and protective effects. Whilst adiponectin is known to protect against the development of albuminuria, historically the focus has been on podocyte protection within the glomerular filtration barrier (GFB). The first barrier to albumin in the GFB is the endothelial glycocalyx (eGlx), a surface gel-like barrier covering glomerular endothelial cells (GEnC). In diabetes, eGlx dysfunction occurs before podocyte damage, hence we hypothesized that adiponectin could protect from eGlx damage to prevent early vascular damage in diabetic kidney disease (DKD). Globular adiponectin (gAd) activated AMPK signalling in human GEnC through AdipoR1. It significantly reduced eGlx shedding and the TNFα-mediated increase in syndecan-4 (SDC4) and MMP2 mRNA expression in GEnC in vitro. It protected against increased TNFα mRNA expression in glomeruli isolated from db/db mice, and genes associated with glycocalyx shedding (SDC4, MMP2 and MMP9). In addition, gAd protected against increased glomerular albumin permeability (Ps'alb) in glomeruli isolated from db/db mice, when administered to mice (i.p) and when applied directly to glomeruli (ex vivo). Ps'alb was inversely correlated with eGlx depth in vivo. In summary, adiponectin restored eGlx depth, which was correlated with improved glomerular barrier function, in diabetes.
    Language English
    Publishing date 2024-03-26
    Publishing country United States
    Document type Journal Article
    ZDB-ID 80085-5
    ISSN 1939-327X ; 0012-1797
    ISSN (online) 1939-327X
    ISSN 0012-1797
    DOI 10.2337/db23-0455
    Database MEDical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System OnLINE

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  7. Article ; Online: The introduction of electronic consent for the school aged immunization program.

    Footer, Rebecca / Foster, Owen

    Public health nursing (Boston, Mass.)

    2021  Volume 39, Issue 1, Page(s) 320–325

    Abstract: Historically, consent for treatment in the United Kingdom's National Health Service has been collected using traditional paper forms. For public health services, such as immunizations, this process involved significant time, space, paper, and staff ... ...

    Abstract Historically, consent for treatment in the United Kingdom's National Health Service has been collected using traditional paper forms. For public health services, such as immunizations, this process involved significant time, space, paper, and staff resources. In a bid to provide a more modern, secure, cost-effective and paperless service, an electronic consent (eConsent) form for the routine school aged immunization program was designed and successfully piloted for the HPV 1 vaccine in 25 schools during the summer of 2019, with an average of 80% return rate. This was not only significantly higher than paper consent returns, there was also a significantly quicker return rate. These factors resulted in the clinical record being updated more quickly than ever before which reduced clinical risk. Following the pilot, the program was launched countywide for all school aged immunizations in September 2020. Since its launch some minor issues have been identified but resolved quickly and efficiently. Although still in its early days it is felt that the eConsent system has promoted a more informed and easier collaboration across sectors and has reduced operating costs. Although the use of electronic consent needs to be used more widely, it is felt that this new practice is a success.
    MeSH term(s) Child ; Electronics ; Humans ; Immunization Programs ; Informed Consent ; Papillomavirus Vaccines ; State Medicine ; Vaccination
    Chemical Substances Papillomavirus Vaccines
    Language English
    Publishing date 2021-12-08
    Publishing country United States
    Document type Journal Article
    ZDB-ID 632563-4
    ISSN 1525-1446 ; 0737-1209
    ISSN (online) 1525-1446
    ISSN 0737-1209
    DOI 10.1111/phn.13016
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  8. Article ; Online: The Pathological Relevance of Increased Endothelial Glycocalyx Permeability.

    Butler, Matthew J / Down, Colin J / Foster, Rebecca R / Satchell, Simon C

    The American journal of pathology

    2020  Volume 190, Issue 4, Page(s) 742–751

    Abstract: The endothelial glycocalyx is a vital regulator of vascular permeability. Damage to this delicate layer can result in increased protein and water transit. The clinical importance of albuminuria as a predictor of kidney disease progression and vascular ... ...

    Abstract The endothelial glycocalyx is a vital regulator of vascular permeability. Damage to this delicate layer can result in increased protein and water transit. The clinical importance of albuminuria as a predictor of kidney disease progression and vascular disease has driven research in this area. This review outlines how research to date has attempted to measure the contribution of the endothelial glycocalyx to vessel wall permeability. We discuss the evidence for the role of the endothelial glycocalyx in regulating permeability in discrete areas of the vasculature and highlight the inherent limitations of the data that have been produced to date. In particular, this review emphasizes the difficulties in interpreting urinary albumin levels in early disease models. In addition, the research that supports the view that glycocalyx damage is a key pathologic step in a diverse array of clinical conditions, including diabetic complications, sepsis, preeclampsia, and atherosclerosis, is summarized. Finally, novel methods are discussed, including an ex vivo glomerular permeability assay that enhances the understanding of permeability changes in disease.
    MeSH term(s) Animals ; Capillary Permeability ; Endothelium, Vascular/metabolism ; Glycocalyx/physiology ; Humans ; Vascular Diseases/metabolism ; Vascular Diseases/pathology
    Language English
    Publishing date 2020-02-06
    Publishing country United States
    Document type Journal Article ; Research Support, N.I.H., Extramural ; Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't ; Review
    ZDB-ID 2943-9
    ISSN 1525-2191 ; 0002-9440
    ISSN (online) 1525-2191
    ISSN 0002-9440
    DOI 10.1016/j.ajpath.2019.11.015
    Database MEDical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System OnLINE

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  9. Article ; Online: All Obstructive Sleep Apnea Events Are Not Created Equal: The Relationship Between Event-related Hypoxemia and Physiologic Response.

    Hajipour, Mohammadreza / Hirsch Allen, A J / Beaudin, Andrew E / Raneri, Jill K / Jen, Rachel / Foster, Glen E / Fogel, Stuart / Kendzerska, Tetyana / Series, Fréderic / Skomro, Robert P / Robillard, Rebecca / Kimoff, R John / Hanly, Patrick J / Fels, Sidney / Singh, Amrit / Azarbarzin, Ali / Ayas, Najib T

    Annals of the American Thoracic Society

    2024  

    Abstract: Rationale: Obstructive sleep apnea (OSA) severity is typically assessed by the apnea-hypopnea index (AHI), a frequency-based metric that allocates equal weight to all respiratory events. However, more severe events may have a greater physiologic impact.! ...

    Abstract Rationale: Obstructive sleep apnea (OSA) severity is typically assessed by the apnea-hypopnea index (AHI), a frequency-based metric that allocates equal weight to all respiratory events. However, more severe events may have a greater physiologic impact.
    Objective: The purpose of this study was to determine whether the degree of event-related hypoxemia would be associated with the post-event physiologic response.
    Methods: OSA patients (AHI>5/h) from the multi-center Canadian Sleep and Circadian Network cohort were studied. Using mixed-effect linear regression, we examined associations between event-related hypoxic burden (HBev) assessed by the area under the event-related oxygen saturation recording with heart rate changes (ΔHRev), vasoconstriction (vasoconstriction burden (VCBev) assessed with photoplethysmography), and electroencephalographic responses (power ratio before and after events).
    Results: Polysomnography recordings from 658 patients (Median [IQR] age= 55.00 [45.00, 64.00] years, AHI= 27.15 [14.90, 64.05] event/h, 42% female) were included in the analyses. HBev was associated with an increase in all physiologic responses after controlling for age, sex, body mass index (BMI), sleep stage, total sleep time, and study centers; for example, one standard deviation (SD) increase in HBev was associated with a 0.21 [95% CI: 0.2, 0.22], 0.08 [0.08, 0.09] and 0.22 [0.21, 0.23] SD increase in ΔHRev, VCBev and Beta power ratio respectively).
    Conclusion: Increased event-related hypoxic burden was associated with greater responses across a broad range of physiologic signals. Future metrics that incorporate information about the variability of these physiologic responses may have promise in providing a more nuanced assessment of OSA severity.
    Language English
    Publishing date 2024-01-22
    Publishing country United States
    Document type Journal Article
    ZDB-ID 2717461-X
    ISSN 2325-6621 ; 1943-5665 ; 2325-6621
    ISSN (online) 2325-6621 ; 1943-5665
    ISSN 2325-6621
    DOI 10.1513/AnnalsATS.202309-777OC
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  10. Article ; Online: Pharmacological treatment for older adults with epilepsy and comorbid neurodegenerative disorders.

    O'Dwyer, Rebecca / Foster, Emma / Leppik, Ilo / Kwan, Patrick

    Current opinion in neurology

    2023  Volume 36, Issue 2, Page(s) 117–123

    Abstract: Purpose of review: An increased interest in epilepsy in older adults has emerged as the global population ages. The purpose of this article is to review the literature regarding the pharmacological treatment of epilepsy in older adults, highlighting ... ...

    Abstract Purpose of review: An increased interest in epilepsy in older adults has emerged as the global population ages. The purpose of this article is to review the literature regarding the pharmacological treatment of epilepsy in older adults, highlighting issues specifically pertinent to those living with comorbid neurodegenerative disorders.
    Recent findings: Although new original research remains sparse, in the last 5 years, there has been a growing number of studies addressing the relationship between epilepsy and neurodegenerative disorders. Accurate diagnosis is incredibly challenging with electroencephalogram findings often requiring circumspect interpretation. Older individuals are often excluded from or under-represented in clinical trials, and there are sparse guidelines offered on the management of these patients, with even less available in reference to those with neurodegenerative comorbidities.
    Summary: We propose that seizures occurring earlier in the neurodegenerative process should be treated aggressively, with the goal to inhibit neuro-excitotoxicity and the associated neuronal loss. By strategically choosing newer antiseizure medications with less adverse effects and a holistic approach to treatment, a patient's time living independently can be conserved. In addition, we advocate for original, multinational collaborative research efforts.
    MeSH term(s) Humans ; Aged ; Anticonvulsants/therapeutic use ; Epilepsy/complications ; Epilepsy/drug therapy ; Epilepsy/epidemiology ; Seizures/drug therapy ; Comorbidity ; Neurodegenerative Diseases/complications ; Neurodegenerative Diseases/drug therapy ; Neurodegenerative Diseases/epidemiology
    Chemical Substances Anticonvulsants
    Language English
    Publishing date 2023-02-10
    Publishing country England
    Document type Review ; Journal Article
    ZDB-ID 1182686-1
    ISSN 1473-6551 ; 1350-7540
    ISSN (online) 1473-6551
    ISSN 1350-7540
    DOI 10.1097/WCO.0000000000001143
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