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Article: [An Epidemiological Survey on Echinococcosis in Yushu Prefecture of Qinghai Province].

Zhongguo ji sheng chong xue yu ji sheng chong bing za zhi = Chinese journal of parasitology & parasitic diseases

2018 Volume 34, Issue 6, Page(s) 547–551

Abstract: Objective: To investigate the prevalence of echinococcosis in Yushu Prefecture of Qinghai Province ... in 2012.: Methods: Two to three towns were selected in each of Chengduo, Nangqian, Qu malai, Yushu ... 181/2 444）, and the rate of serum antibody was highest in Yushu County （23.18%, 127/548 ...

Abstract	Objective: To investigate the prevalence of echinococcosis in Yushu Prefecture of Qinghai Province in 2012. Methods: Two to three towns were selected in each of Chengduo, Nangqian, Qu malai, Yushu, Zaduo and Zhiduo Counties from June to August in 2012. Ultrasound examination was conducted for residents aged over 1 year, and ELISA was performed to detect serum antibody against Echinococcus. Visceral dissection was performed to detect hydatid infection in rodents and livestock. ELISA was used to detect Echinococcus antigen in collected dog feces. Results: A total of 7 025 residents received ultrasound examination, of whom 319 showed hydatid cysts with a morbidity rate of 4.54%. ELISA showed a serum antibody positive rate of 16.38% （457/2 790）. The mobidity of hydatid disease was highest in Chengduo County （7.41%, 181/2 444）, and the rate of serum antibody was highest in Yushu County （23.18%, 127/548）. The morbidity and serum antibody in males were 3.91% （118/3 018） and 13.93% （172/1 235） respectively, and those in females were 5.02% （201/4 007） and 18.33% （285/1 555）. In terms of age distribution, the morbidity was relatively higher in residents of 60- （8.39%, 38/453） and 40- years （6.61%, 67/1 014）; and the rate of serum antibody was highest in residents over 70 years （33.93%, 19/56）. In terms of occupation, the morbidity was relatively higher in herdsmen （5.28%, 252/4 777）, Herdsmen-peasants （6.52%, 24/368）, and religious workers（3.37%, 11/326）, while the rate of serum antibody was relatively higher in children（24%, 6/25）, religious workers （18.79%, 31/165） and herdsmen（18.34%, 328/1 788）. In terms of education level, the morbidity and the rate of serum antibody were both highest in the uneducated（5.04%, 41/4 779; 18.34%, 359/1 958, respectively）. In terms of residential pattern, the morbidity and the rate of serum antibody were both highest in those who were settled in winter and nomadic in summer （8.25%, 227/2 753; 19.48%, 158/811, respectively）. There were significant differences in the morbidity and the rate of serum antibody in aspects of residential region, sex, age, occupation, education level and residential pattern (P<0.05 or P<0.01). In 872 rodents detected, the Echinococcus hydatid rate was 0.46% （4/872）, while in 809 cattle and sheep detected, the Echinococcus hydatid rate was 10.14% （82/809）. The fecal antigen positive rate in 838 samples of dog feces was 10.74%（90/838）. Conclusion: It shows a high morbidity of hydatid diesease and serum antibody positive rate in residents, a high Echinococcus hydatid rate in cattle and sheep, and a high fecal antigen positive rate in dogs in Yushu Prefecture.
MeSH term(s)	Adult ; Age Distribution ; Aged ; Animals ; Antigens, Helminth ; Cattle ; Echinococcosis ; Echinococcus ; Environment ; Enzyme-Linked Immunosorbent Assay ; Feces ; Female ; Humans ; Infant ; Livestock ; Prevalence ; Seasons ; Sheep ; Surveys and Questionnaires ; Ultrasonography
Chemical Substances	Antigens, Helminth
Language	Chinese
Publishing date	2018-08-24
Publishing country	China
Document type	Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't ; Journal Article
ZDB-ID	639272-6
ISSN	1000-7423
ISSN	1000-7423
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Article ; Online: Foreshocks of the 2010 Mw 6.7 Yushu, China Earthquake Occurred Near an Extensional Step‐Over

Chuang, Lindsay Y. / Peng, Zhigang / Lei, Xinglin / Wang, Baoshan / Liu, Jiayue / Zhai, Qiushi / Tu, Hongwei

Journal of Geophysical Research: Solid Earth. 2023 Jan., v. 128, no. 1 p.e2022JB025176-

2023

Abstract: We conduct a detailed study of the foreshock sequence preceding the 2010 Mw 6.7 Yushu, Qinghai ... approximately 2 hr before the Mw 6.7 Yushu mainshock. Our analyses show that the foreshock sequence follows ... 66. We do not find any evidence of accelerating events leading up to the Yushu mainshock ...

Abstract	We conduct a detailed study of the foreshock sequence preceding the 2010 Mw 6.7 Yushu, Qinghai earthquake in the Tibetan plateau by examining continuous waveforms recorded at a seismic station near the mainshock rupture zone. By using a deep learning phase picker—EQTransformer and a matched‐filter technique, we identify 120 foreshocks with magnitude ranging from −0.7 to 1.6, starting with a Mw 4.6 foreshock approximately 2 hr before the Mw 6.7 Yushu mainshock. Our analyses show that the foreshock sequence follows a typical Omori's law decay with a p‐value of 0.73 and the Gutenberg‐Richer frequency‐magnitude b‐value of 0.66. We do not find any evidence of accelerating events leading up to the Yushu mainshock. Hence, they could be considered as aftershocks of the Mw 4.6 earthquake. We further invert for the focal mechanisms and rupture directions for both the largest foreshock and the mainshock. The Mw 4.6 foreshock likely occurred on a NE‐SW trending fault conjugating to the NW‐SE trending fault of the mainshock. Coulomb stress analysis suggests the Mw 4.6 foreshock induces negative stress on the mainshock source area. These observations do not support either the pre‐slip or the cascade triggering model for foreshock generation. The occurrence of the foreshock, mainshock and large aftershocks appear to be modulated by the Earth's tidal forces, likely reflecting the role of high pore‐fluid pressures. Our observations, together with other recent studies, suggest that extensional step‐overs and conjugate faults along major strike‐slip faults play an important role in generating short‐term foreshock sequences.
Keywords	earthquakes ; geophysics ; models ; research ; China
Language	English
Dates of publication	2023-01
Publishing place	John Wiley & Sons, Ltd
Document type	Article ; Online
Note	JOURNAL ARTICLE
ISSN	2169-9313
DOI	10.1029/2022JB025176
Database	NAL-Catalogue (AGRICOLA)

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Article ; Online: Genetic Diversity and Population Structure of Gynaephora qinghaiensis in Yushu Prefecture, Qinghai Province Based on the Mitochondrial COI Gene.

Wang, Haizhen / Zhong, Xin / Lin, Huafeng / Li, Shaosong / Yi, Jiequn / Zhang, Guren / Liu, Xin / Gu, Li

Biochemical genetics

2021 Volume 59, Issue 6, Page(s) 1396–1412

Abstract: ... meadows, is mainly distributed in Yushu prefecture, Qinghai province, China. In this study, we aimed ... geographic populations located in three different countries, including Zhiduo, Zaduo, and Chengduo, of Yushu ...

Abstract	Gynaephora qinghaiensis (Lepidoptera: Lymantriidae: Gynaephora), a serious economic pest in alpine meadows, is mainly distributed in Yushu prefecture, Qinghai province, China. In this study, we aimed to investigate the genetic diversity and population structure of G. qinghaiensis through analyzing the sequence of 194 mitochondrial cytochrome oxidase subunit (COI) genes (658 bp in length) identified from 10 geographic populations located in three different countries, including Zhiduo, Zaduo, and Chengduo, of Yushu prefecture. Eleven haplotypes were identified from all populations of G. qinghaiensis with high levels of haplotype diversity (0.78500) and low levels of nucleotide diversity (0.00511). High levels of genetic differentiation and low levels of gene flow were also detected among the populations of G. qinghaiensis. Analysis of molecular variance (AMOVA) showed that 90.13% of the variation was attributed to distribution among groups (Chengduo, Zhiduo, and Zaduo), and 5.22% and 4.65% were, respectively, attributed to distribution among populations, within group, and within populations. The result of mantel test showed a highly significant positive correlation (P < 0.01) between F
MeSH term(s)	China ; DNA, Mitochondrial/genetics ; Electron Transport Complex IV/genetics ; Genes, Mitochondrial ; Genetic Variation ; Genetics, Population ; Haplotypes ; Phylogeny ; Phylogeography
Chemical Substances	DNA, Mitochondrial ; Electron Transport Complex IV (EC 1.9.3.1)
Language	English
Publishing date	2021-04-23
Publishing country	United States
Document type	Journal Article
ZDB-ID	2168-4
ISSN	1573-4927 ; 0006-2928
ISSN (online)	1573-4927
ISSN	0006-2928
DOI	10.1007/s10528-021-10065-8
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Book: Yang Yushu

Wang, Aihe

(Wuming (No Name) Painting Catalogue : 无名画集 ; / Ed. by Wang Aihe[...])

2010

Series title	Wuming (No Name) Painting Catalogue : 无名画集 / Ed. by Wang Aihe[...]
Language	Chinese ; English
Size	120 p, Mostly ill.
Publisher	Hong Kong University Press
Publishing place	Hong Kong
Document type	Book
ISBN	9789888028306 ; 9888028308
Database	Former special subject collection: coastal and deep sea fishing

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Article: Monitoring Rock Desert Formation Caused by Ice–Snow Melting in the Qinghai-Tibet Plateau Using an Optimized Remote Sensing Technique: A Case Study of Yushu Prefecture

Jia, Wei / Ma, Weidong / Shi, Peijun / Wang, Jing’ai / Su, Peng

Remote Sensing. 2022 Jan. 25, v. 14, no. 3

2022

Abstract: ... Landsat TM/OLI were used to track the evolution of snow lines in the snow melting areas of Yushu Tibetan ... Autonomous Prefecture of the Qinghai-Tibet Plateau (hereinafter referred to as Yushu Prefecture) during ... in Yushu Prefecture. The ice–snow melting area accounts for 53.78% (1451.04 km²) of the ice–snow area, and ...

Abstract	The rapid and effective identification of the spatial distribution of rock deserts in ice–snow melting areas can provide useful information for the prevention of natural disasters. In this study, Landsat TM/OLI were used to track the evolution of snow lines in the snow melting areas of Yushu Tibetan Autonomous Prefecture of the Qinghai-Tibet Plateau (hereinafter referred to as Yushu Prefecture) during the last 30 years. A total of seven extraction schemes were used to classify the rock desert in the ice–snow melting area by remote sensing. Our results show that: (1) The accuracy of the multi-index factor compound analysis and object-oriented classification compound method was the highest. This method can provide a rapid and efficient reference scheme for rock desert extraction in the plateau ice–snow melting area. (2) The combinations of two single methods with higher accuracy can further improve the total accuracy. If a single method with lower accuracy is involved in the multi-method fusion, the accuracy of the method with lower accuracy can be improved. (3) In the past 30 years, there has been a large amount of ice–snow melting in Yushu Prefecture. The ice–snow melting area accounts for 53.78% (1451.04 km²) of the ice–snow area, and the bare rock and bare stone in the rock desert account for 63.77% of the total area of the ice–snow melting area. Bare sand and bare soil area account for 30.27% of the total area of ice and snow melting area.
Keywords	Landsat ; case studies ; evolution ; ice ; sand ; snow ; soil ; China
Language	English
Dates of publication	2022-0125
Publishing place	Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute
Document type	Article
ZDB-ID	2513863-7
ISSN	2072-4292
ISSN	2072-4292
DOI	10.3390/rs14030570
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Article: Genetic Diversity and Population Structure of Gynaephora qinghaiensis in Yushu Prefecture, Qinghai Province Based on the Mitochondrial COI Gene

Wang, Haizhen / Zhong, Xin / Lin, Huafeng / Li, Shaosong / Yi, Jiequn / Zhang, Guren / Liu, Xin / Gu, Li

Biochemical genetics. 2021 Dec., v. 59, no. 6

2021

Abstract	Gynaephora qinghaiensis (Lepidoptera: Lymantriidae: Gynaephora), a serious economic pest in alpine meadows, is mainly distributed in Yushu prefecture, Qinghai province, China. In this study, we aimed to investigate the genetic diversity and population structure of G. qinghaiensis through analyzing the sequence of 194 mitochondrial cytochrome oxidase subunit (COI) genes (658 bp in length) identified from 10 geographic populations located in three different countries, including Zhiduo, Zaduo, and Chengduo, of Yushu prefecture. Eleven haplotypes were identified from all populations of G. qinghaiensis with high levels of haplotype diversity (0.78500) and low levels of nucleotide diversity (0.00511). High levels of genetic differentiation and low levels of gene flow were also detected among the populations of G. qinghaiensis. Analysis of molecular variance (AMOVA) showed that 90.13% of the variation was attributed to distribution among groups (Chengduo, Zhiduo, and Zaduo), and 5.22% and 4.65% were, respectively, attributed to distribution among populations, within group, and within populations. The result of mantel test showed a highly significant positive correlation (P < 0.01) between FST and geographical distance. A maximum likelihood tree showed that most haplotypes were grouped into three clusters corresponding to the three counties, suggesting a significant phylogeographic structure in the populations of G. qinghaiensis. The haplotype networks revealed that H2 may be the most primitive haplotype and the most adaptable in nature. Populations 7# and 8# had haplotype H2 and higher haplotype diversity; therefore, we speculated that the G. qinghaiensis in both populations were more adaptable to the environment and had greater outbreak potential and, therefore, should be focused on in terms of prevention and control. Our findings provide valuable information for further study of the population structure and phylogeny of G. qinghaiensis and provide a theoretical basis for the control of G. qinghaiensis.
Keywords	Gynaephora ; cytochrome-c oxidase ; gene flow ; genes ; genetic variation ; haplotypes ; mitochondria ; molecular genetics ; pests ; phylogeny ; phylogeography ; population structure ; variance ; China
Language	English
Dates of publication	2021-12
Size	p. 1396-1412.
Publishing place	Springer US
Document type	Article
ZDB-ID	2168-4
ISSN	1573-4927 ; 0006-2928
ISSN (online)	1573-4927
ISSN	0006-2928
DOI	10.1007/s10528-021-10065-8
Database	NAL-Catalogue (AGRICOLA)

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Article ; Online: Genotypes of Echinococcus granulosus in animals from Yushu, Northeastern China.

Liu, Quan / Cao, Lili / Zhang, Yingguang / Xu, Dan / Shang, Limin / Wang, Xinglong / Wei, Feng / Xiao, Lihua / Ma, Ruilin / Cai, Jinshan / Zhao, Quanbang

Vector borne and zoonotic diseases (Larchmont, N.Y.)

2013 Volume 13, Issue 2, Page(s) 134–137

Abstract: ... in animals in Yushu, Qinghai Province, northeastern China. The mitochondrial ... canadensis). The present study provides the genetic composition of E. granulosus from animals in Yushu ...

Abstract	Echinococcus granulosus is the causative agent of cystic echinococcosis with medical and veterinary importance worldwide. The aim of this study was to determine the genotype distribution of E. granulosus in animals in Yushu, Qinghai Province, northeastern China. The mitochondrial nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide+hydrogen (NADH) dehydrogenase subunit 1 (nad1) and cytochrome c oxidase subunit 1 (cox1) genes from 30 echinococcosis isolates were analyzed by sequence alignment, generating two unique sequence profiles at both nad1 and cox1 loci. Phylogenetic analysis demonstrated that 28 isolates (93.3%) belonged to the well-known G1-G3 complex (E. granulosus sensu stricto), and 2 (6.7%) were placed in G6-G10 complex (E. canadensis). The present study provides the genetic composition of E. granulosus from animals in Yushu, Qinghai Province, and confirms that, for the first time, the E. granulosus G6-G10 complex (E. canadensis) is not only limited to Xinjiang and might be of greater public health significance than previously believed in China.
MeSH term(s)	Animals ; Animals, Domestic ; China/epidemiology ; Echinococcosis/epidemiology ; Echinococcosis/parasitology ; Echinococcosis/veterinary ; Echinococcus granulosus/genetics ; Echinococcus granulosus/isolation & purification ; Genetic Variation ; Genotype ; Humans ; Phylogeny
Language	English
Publishing date	2013-02
Publishing country	United States
Document type	Journal Article ; Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't
ZDB-ID	2047199-3
ISSN	1557-7759 ; 1530-3667
ISSN (online)	1557-7759
ISSN	1530-3667
DOI	10.1089/vbz.2012.1050
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Article ; Online: Orthopaedic injury analysis in the 2010 Yushu, China earthquake.

Li, Ting / Jiang, Xieyuan / Chen, Hui / Yang, Zheng / Wang, Xiaobo / Wang, Manyi

Injury

2012 Volume 43, Issue 6, Page(s) 886–890

Abstract: Objective: By analysing the injuries of the orthopaedic wounded during the 2010 Yushu earthquake ... The patients who experienced fractures in the Yushu earthquake were mostly adults. This was correlated ... with population composition in Yushu area. This time all the orthopaedic injuries were relative mild with less complication ...

Abstract	Objective: By analysing the injuries of the orthopaedic wounded during the 2010 Yushu earthquake, we aim to provide useful medical information for the rational application and allocation of medical resources and better implementation of medical relief in earthquake-stricken areas. Patients and methods: Five hundred and eighty-two orthopaedic patients injured during the earthquake. The clinical data, injury conditions and epidemiological features (including age composition, gender ratio, distribution of injury, etc.) were collected and analysed. Results: Altogether 582 orthopaedic patients were analysed. The average age for all patients was 38.8±13.08 years (0-86 years). Adults accounted for 81.62%. There was no gender difference. The most common injuries included limb fractures, pelvic/acetabular fractures and spinal fractures. Fractures accompany with nerve injury were relatively low, only 17 patients account for 2.92%. Fractures complicated by crush syndrome were even lower, only 7 patients account for 1.20%. Conclusion: The patients who experienced fractures in the Yushu earthquake were mostly adults. This was correlated with population composition in Yushu area. This time all the orthopaedic injuries were relative mild with less complication as nerve injury or crush syndrome mainly because of the characteristics of the house structure in Yushu area.
MeSH term(s)	Adolescent ; Adult ; Age Distribution ; Aged ; Aged, 80 and over ; Child ; Child, Preschool ; China/epidemiology ; Crush Syndrome/epidemiology ; Disaster Planning/organization & administration ; Disasters ; Earthquakes ; Female ; Fractures, Bone/epidemiology ; Housing ; Humans ; Infant ; Infant, Newborn ; Male ; Middle Aged ; Sex Distribution ; Spinal Injuries/epidemiology ; Survival Analysis ; Young Adult
Language	English
Publishing date	2012-06
Publishing country	Netherlands
Document type	Journal Article ; Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't
ZDB-ID	218778-4
ISSN	1879-0267 ; 0020-1383
ISSN (online)	1879-0267
ISSN	0020-1383
DOI	10.1016/j.injury.2011.11.020
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Zs.A 778: Show issues			Location: Je nach Verfügbarkeit (siehe Angabe bei Bestand) bis Jg. 1994: Bestellungen von Artikeln über das Online-Bestellformular Jg. 1995 - 2021: Lesesall (1.OG) ab Jg. 2022: Lesesaal (EG)
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Article ; Online: Niche modeling predictions of the potential distribution of Marmota himalayana, the host animal of plague in Yushu County of Qinghai.

Lu, Liang / Ren, Zhoupeng / Yue, Yujuan / Yu, Xiaotao / Lu, Shan / Li, Guichang / Li, Hailong / Wei, Jianchun / Liu, Jingli / Mu, You / Hai, Rong / Yang, Yonghai / Wei, Rongjie / Kan, Biao / Wang, Hu / Wang, Jinfeng / Wang, Zuyun / Liu, Qiyong / Xu, Jianguo

BMC public health

2016 Volume 16, Page(s) 183

Abstract: Background: After the earthquake on 14, April 2010 at Yushu in China, a plague epidemic hosted ... and temporary) in Yushu County were investigated from June to September in 2011. The location ... than in other soil types. The potential area for hibernation burrows was 5696 km(2) (37.7% of Yushu County), and the area ...

Abstract	Background: After the earthquake on 14, April 2010 at Yushu in China, a plague epidemic hosted by Himalayan marmot (Marmota himalayana) became a major public health concern during the reconstruction period. A rapid assessment of the distribution of Himalayan marmot in the area was urgent. The aims of this study were to analyze the relationship between environmental factors and the distribution of burrow systems of the marmot and to predict the distribution of marmots. Methods: Two types of marmot burrows (hibernation and temporary) in Yushu County were investigated from June to September in 2011. The location of every burrow was recorded with a global positioning system receiver. An ecological niche model was used to determine the relationship between the burrow occurrence data and environmental variables, such as land surface temperature (LST) in winter and summer, normalized difference vegetation index (NDVI) in winter and summer, elevation, and soil type. The predictive accuracies of the models were assessed by the area under the curve of the receiving operator curve. Results: The models for hibernation and temporary burrows both performed well. The contribution orders of the variables were LST in winter and soil type, NDVI in winter and elevation for the hibernation burrow model, and LST in summer, NDVI in summer, soil type and elevation in the temporary burrow model. There were non-linear relationships between the probability of burrow presence and LST, NDVI and elevation. LST of 14 and 23 °C, NDVI of 0.22 and 0.60, and 4100 m were inflection points. A substantially higher probability of burrow presence was observed in swamp soil and dark felty soil than in other soil types. The potential area for hibernation burrows was 5696 km(2) (37.7% of Yushu County), and the area for temporary burrows was 7711 km(2) (51.0% of Yushu County). Conclusions: The results suggested that marmots preferred warm areas with relatively low altitudes and good vegetation conditions in Yushu County. Based on these results, the present research is useful in understanding the niche selection and distribution pattern of marmots in this region.
MeSH term(s)	Animals ; China/epidemiology ; Earthquakes ; Ecosystem ; Epidemics ; Geographic Information Systems ; Marmota/microbiology ; Models, Biological ; Plague/epidemiology ; Probability ; Seasons ; Soil ; Temperature
Chemical Substances	Soil
Language	English
Publishing date	2016-02-24
Publishing country	England
Document type	Journal Article ; Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't
ISSN	1471-2458
ISSN (online)	1471-2458
DOI	10.1186/s12889-016-2697-6
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Article ; Online: Mental health problems among the survivors in the hard-hit areas of the Yushu earthquake.

Zhang, Zhen / Wang, Wenzhong / Shi, Zhanbiao / Wang, Li / Zhang, Jianxin

PloS one

2012 Volume 7, Issue 10, Page(s) e46449

Abstract: ... Yushu County, suffered the most severe damage. As a part of the psychological relief work, the present ... risk factors related to earthquakes.: Methods: Five hundred and five earthquake survivors living in Yushu ... serious mental problems among the hard-hit survivors of the Yushu earthquake. Survivors at high risk ...

Abstract	Background: On April 14, 2010, an earthquake registering 7.1 on the Richter scale shook Qinghai Province in southwest China. The earthquake caused numerous casualties and much damage. The epicenter, Yushu County, suffered the most severe damage. As a part of the psychological relief work, the present study evaluated the mental health statuses of the people affected and identified the mental disorder risk factors related to earthquakes. Methods: Five hundred and five earthquake survivors living in Yushu County were investigated 3-4 months after the earthquake. Participant demographic data including gender, age, marital status, ethnicity, educational level, and religious beliefs were collected. The Earthquake-Specific Trauma Exposure Indicators assessed the intensity of exposure to trauma during the earthquake. The PTSD Checklist-Civilian version (PCL-C) and the Hopkins Symptoms Checklist-25 (HSCL-25) assessed the symptoms and prevalence rates of probable Posttraumatic Stress Disorder (PTSD) as well as anxiety and depression, respectively. The Perceived Social Support Scale (PSSS) evaluated subjective social support. Results: The prevalence rates of probable PTSD, anxiety, and depression were 33.7%, 43.8% and 38.6%, respectively. Approximately one fifth of participants suffered from all three conditions. Individuals who were female, felt initial fear during the earthquake, and had less social support were the most likely to have poor mental health. Conclusions: The present study revealed that there are serious mental problems among the hard-hit survivors of the Yushu earthquake. Survivors at high risk for mental disorders should be specifically considered. The present study provides useful information for rebuilding and relief work.
MeSH term(s)	Adult ; Anxiety/epidemiology ; China/epidemiology ; Depression/epidemiology ; Earthquakes ; Female ; Humans ; Male ; Middle Aged ; Risk Factors ; Stress Disorders, Post-Traumatic/epidemiology ; Survival/psychology ; Young Adult
Language	English
Publishing date	2012-10-08
Publishing country	United States
Document type	Journal Article ; Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't
ISSN	1932-6203
ISSN (online)	1932-6203
DOI	10.1371/journal.pone.0046449
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