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  1. Book: Flavonoids and related compounds

    Spencer, Jeremy P. E. / Crozier, Alan

    bioavailability and functions

    (Oxidative stress and disease ; 29)

    2012  

    Author's details ed. by Jeremy P.E. Spencer ; Alan Crozier
    Series title Oxidative stress and disease ; 29
    Collection
    Keywords Flavonoids ; Biological Availability
    Language English
    Size XX, 451 S. : Ill., graph. Darst.
    Publisher CRC Press
    Publishing place Boca Raton u.a.
    Publishing country United States
    Document type Book
    Note Includes bibliographical references and index ; Bioavailability of flavanones / Mireia Urpi-Sarda ... [et al.] -- Bioavailability of dietary monomeric and polymeric flavan-3-ols / Alan Crozier, Michael N. Clifford, and Daniele Del Rio -- Anthocyanins : understanding their absorption and metabolism / Ronald L. Prior -- Bioavailability of flavonols and flavones / Mariusz Konrad Piskula, Kaeko Murota, and Junji Terao -- Bioavailability of isoflavones in humans / Aedín Cassidy, José Peñalvo, and Peter Hollman -- Dietary hydroxycinnamates and their bioavailability / Angelique Stalmach, Gary Williamson, and Mike Clifford -- Bioavailability of dihydrochalcones / Elke Richling -- Occurrence, bioavailability, and metabolism of resveratrol / Paola Vitaglione, Stefano Sforza, and Daniele Del Rio -- Bioavailability and metabolism of ellagic acid and ellagitannins / Mar Larrosa ... [et al.] -- Colon-derived microbial metabolites of dietary phenolic compounds / Anna-Marja Aura -- Synthesis of dietary phenolic metabolites and isotopically labeled dietary phenolics / Denis Barron ... [et al.] -- Interactions of flavan-3-ols within cellular signaling pathways / Cesar G. Fraga and Patricia I. Oteiza -- Flavonoids and vascular function / Ana Rodriguez-Mateos and Jeremy P.E. Spencer -- Effects of flavonoids on the vascular endothelium : what is known and what is next? / Antje R. Weseler and Aalt Bast -- Green tea flavan-3-ols and their role in protecting against Alzheimer's and Parkinson's disease pathophysiology / Orly Weinreb ... [et al.] -- Flavonoids and neuroinflammation / David Vauzour and Katerina Vafeiadou -- Effects of flavonoids on cognitive performance / Shibu M. Poulose and Barbara Shukitt-Hale -- Flavonoids and oral cancer / Thomas Walle -- Flavonoids and cancer-effects on dna damage / Piyawan Sitthiphong ... [et al.]
    HBZ-ID HT017269779
    ISBN 978-1-4398-4826-5 ; 1-4398-4826-2
    Database Catalogue ZB MED Medicine, Health

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  2. Article ; Online: Shear mechanosensing drives tendon adaptation.

    Eekhoff, Jeremy D / Iannucci, Leanne E / Lake, Spencer P

    Nature biomedical engineering

    2021  Volume 5, Issue 12, Page(s) 1409–1410

    MeSH term(s) Tendons/diagnostic imaging
    Language English
    Publishing date 2021-05-24
    Publishing country England
    Document type Journal Article ; Comment
    ISSN 2157-846X
    ISSN (online) 2157-846X
    DOI 10.1038/s41551-021-00724-x
    Database MEDical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System OnLINE

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  3. Article ; Online: Factors Associated with Low Vitamin D Status among Older Adults in Kuwait.

    ALbuloshi, Thurayya / Kamel, Ahmed M / Spencer, Jeremy P E

    Nutrients

    2022  Volume 14, Issue 16

    Abstract: ... not receive vitamin D supplements, compared to those who did (84% vs. 16%, p = 0.001). The results ... from the binary logistic regression showed that a low duration of sun exposure (OR = 0.24, 95% C.I. [0.08−0.7], p ... 0.011), dark skin pigmentation (OR = 4.46, 95% [1.35−20.49], p = 0.026), and lower caloric intake ...

    Abstract Low vitamin D levels among older people represent a significant health problem worldwide. This study aimed to examine the factors associated with vitamin D deficiency in older people (aged ≥ 65) in the Kuwaiti population. A cross-sectional study was conducted in seven primary healthcare centers across Kuwait (November 2020 to June 2021). The participants (n = 237) had their serum vitamin D (25(OH)D) concentrations (analyzed using LC-MS) classified as sufficiency 75 nmol/L (30 ng/mL) or deficiency < 75 nmol/L (below 30 ng/mL). The data were collected using self-administered questionnaires and face-to-face interviews with participants in geriatric clinics. Binomial logistic regression analysis was applied to assess factors associated with vitamin D deficiency. Vitamin D deficiency was found to be present in two thirds of the participants (n = 150, 63%), with a higher prevalence of deficiency in participants who did not receive vitamin D supplements, compared to those who did (84% vs. 16%, p = 0.001). The results from the binary logistic regression showed that a low duration of sun exposure (OR = 0.24, 95% C.I. [0.08−0.7], p = 0.011), dark skin pigmentation (OR = 4.46, 95% [1.35−20.49], p = 0.026), and lower caloric intake (OR = 0.9, 95% C.I. [0.85−0.96], p = 0.001) were risk factors for vitamin D deficiency. Furthermore, a significant inverse relationship was found between vitamin D levels and parathyroid hormone (PTH) levels (OR = 1.16, 95% C.I. [1.04−1.31], p = 0.016). These findings support the recommendation that vitamin D supplementation and adequate sunlight exposure are necessary for raising low vitamin D levels in older people in Kuwait.
    MeSH term(s) Aged ; Cross-Sectional Studies ; Dietary Supplements ; Humans ; Kuwait/epidemiology ; Parathyroid Hormone ; Seasons ; Vitamin D ; Vitamin D Deficiency/epidemiology
    Chemical Substances Parathyroid Hormone ; Vitamin D (1406-16-2)
    Language English
    Publishing date 2022-08-15
    Publishing country Switzerland
    Document type Journal Article
    ZDB-ID 2518386-2
    ISSN 2072-6643 ; 2072-6643
    ISSN (online) 2072-6643
    ISSN 2072-6643
    DOI 10.3390/nu14163342
    Database MEDical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System OnLINE

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  4. Article ; Online: Percutaneous Embolization and Laparoscopic Ligation of a Congenital Umbilical Arteriovenous Malformation.

    Ham, Phillip Benson / Anderson, Spencer R / Neff, Lucas P / Osei, Hector / Gill, Anne E / Hawkins, Clifford M / Jose, Jeremy / Bhatia, Amina M

    The American surgeon

    2023  Volume 89, Issue 12, Page(s) 6278–6281

    MeSH term(s) Humans ; Embolization, Therapeutic ; Laparoscopy ; Arteriovenous Malformations/diagnostic imaging ; Arteriovenous Malformations/surgery ; Ligation
    Language English
    Publishing date 2023-01-11
    Publishing country United States
    Document type Journal Article
    ZDB-ID 202465-2
    ISSN 1555-9823 ; 0003-1348
    ISSN (online) 1555-9823
    ISSN 0003-1348
    DOI 10.1177/00031348221148348
    Database MEDical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System OnLINE

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  5. Article: Factors Associated with Low Vitamin D Status among Older Adults in Kuwait

    ALbuloshi, Thurayya / Kamel, Ahmed M. / Spencer, Jeremy P. E.

    Nutrients. 2022 Aug. 15, v. 14, no. 16

    2022  

    Abstract: ... not receive vitamin D supplements, compared to those who did (84% vs. 16%, p = 0.001). The results ... from the binary logistic regression showed that a low duration of sun exposure (OR = 0.24, 95% C.I. [0.08–0.7], p ... 0.011), dark skin pigmentation (OR = 4.46, 95% [1.35–20.49], p = 0.026), and lower caloric intake ...

    Abstract Low vitamin D levels among older people represent a significant health problem worldwide. This study aimed to examine the factors associated with vitamin D deficiency in older people (aged ≥ 65) in the Kuwaiti population. A cross-sectional study was conducted in seven primary healthcare centers across Kuwait (November 2020 to June 2021). The participants (n = 237) had their serum vitamin D (25(OH)D) concentrations (analyzed using LC-MS) classified as sufficiency 75 nmol/L (30 ng/mL) or deficiency < 75 nmol/L (below 30 ng/mL). The data were collected using self-administered questionnaires and face-to-face interviews with participants in geriatric clinics. Binomial logistic regression analysis was applied to assess factors associated with vitamin D deficiency. Vitamin D deficiency was found to be present in two thirds of the participants (n = 150, 63%), with a higher prevalence of deficiency in participants who did not receive vitamin D supplements, compared to those who did (84% vs. 16%, p = 0.001). The results from the binary logistic regression showed that a low duration of sun exposure (OR = 0.24, 95% C.I. [0.08–0.7], p = 0.011), dark skin pigmentation (OR = 4.46, 95% [1.35–20.49], p = 0.026), and lower caloric intake (OR = 0.9, 95% C.I. [0.85–0.96], p = 0.001) were risk factors for vitamin D deficiency. Furthermore, a significant inverse relationship was found between vitamin D levels and parathyroid hormone (PTH) levels (OR = 1.16, 95% C.I. [1.04–1.31], p = 0.016). These findings support the recommendation that vitamin D supplementation and adequate sunlight exposure are necessary for raising low vitamin D levels in older people in Kuwait.
    Keywords blood serum ; cross-sectional studies ; energy intake ; health services ; parathyroid hormone ; people ; pigmentation ; regression analysis ; risk ; solar radiation ; Kuwait
    Language English
    Dates of publication 2022-0815
    Publishing place Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute
    Document type Article
    ZDB-ID 2518386-2
    ISSN 2072-6643
    ISSN 2072-6643
    DOI 10.3390/nu14163342
    Database NAL-Catalogue (AGRICOLA)

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  6. Article ; Online: Effects of pelargonidin-3-O-glucoside and its metabolites on lipopolysaccharide-stimulated cytokine production by THP-1 monocytes and macrophages.

    Amini, Anna M / Spencer, Jeremy P E / Yaqoob, Parveen

    Cytokine

    2018  Volume 103, Page(s) 29–33

    Abstract: Epidemiological evidence suggests cardioprotective effects of anthocyanin consumption. This study examined the predominant strawberry anthocyanin, pelargonidin-3-O-glucoside (Pg-3-glc), and three of its plasma metabolites (protocatechuic acid [PCA], 4- ... ...

    Abstract Epidemiological evidence suggests cardioprotective effects of anthocyanin consumption. This study examined the predominant strawberry anthocyanin, pelargonidin-3-O-glucoside (Pg-3-glc), and three of its plasma metabolites (protocatechuic acid [PCA], 4-hydroxybenzoic acid, and phloroglucinaldehyde [PGA]) for effects on the production of selected cytokines by lipopolysaccharide-stimulated THP-1 monocytes and macrophages. Concentrations of tumor necrosis factor-α (TNF-α), interleukin (IL)-1β, IL-6, IL-8 and IL-10 were determined using a cytometric bead array kit. PCA at 0.31, 1.25 and 20 μM and PGA at 5 and 20 μM decreased the concentration of IL-6 in the monocyte cultures, but there were no effects on TNF-α, IL-1β, IL-8 and IL-10 and there were no effects of the other compounds. In the macrophage cultures, PGA at 20 μM decreased the concentrations of IL-6 and IL-10, but there was no effect on TNF-α, IL-1β and IL-8 and there were no effects of the other compounds. In conclusion, while the effects of PGA were only observed at the higher, supraphysiological concentration and are thus considered of limited physiological relevance overall, the anti-inflammatory properties of PCA were observed at both the lower, physiologically relevant, and the higher concentrations; however, effects were modest and limited to IL-6 and monocytes. These preliminary data suggest potential for physiologically attainable PCA concentrations to modulate IL-6 production by monocytes.
    MeSH term(s) Anthocyanins/pharmacology ; Humans ; Lipopolysaccharides/pharmacology ; Macrophages/cytology ; Macrophages/metabolism ; Monocytes/cytology ; Monocytes/metabolism ; Monokines/metabolism ; THP-1 Cells
    Chemical Substances Anthocyanins ; Lipopolysaccharides ; Monokines ; pelargonidin-3-glucoside (8H1WZY9R6P)
    Language English
    Publishing date 2018-01-08
    Publishing country England
    Document type Journal Article ; Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't
    ZDB-ID 1018055-2
    ISSN 1096-0023 ; 1043-4666
    ISSN (online) 1096-0023
    ISSN 1043-4666
    DOI 10.1016/j.cyto.2017.12.031
    Database MEDical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System OnLINE

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  7. Article ; Online: The Effects of Flavonoids on Cardiovascular Health: A Review of Human Intervention Trials and Implications for Cerebrovascular Function.

    Rees, Amy / Dodd, Georgina F / Spencer, Jeremy P E

    Nutrients

    2018  Volume 10, Issue 12

    Abstract: Research has suggested a number of beneficial effects arising from the consumption of dietary flavonoids, found in foods such as cocoa, apples, tea, citrus fruits and berries on cardiovascular risk factors such as high blood pressure and endothelial ... ...

    Abstract Research has suggested a number of beneficial effects arising from the consumption of dietary flavonoids, found in foods such as cocoa, apples, tea, citrus fruits and berries on cardiovascular risk factors such as high blood pressure and endothelial dysfunction. These effects are thought to have a significant impact upon both vascular and cerebrovascular health, ultimately with the potential to prevent cardiovascular and potentially neurodegenerative disease with a vascular component, for example vascular dementia. This review explores the current evidence for the effects of flavonoid supplementation on human endothelial function and both peripheral and cerebral blood flow (CBF). Evidence presented includes their potential to reduce blood pressure in hypertensive individuals, as well as increasing peripheral blood perfusion and promoting CBF in both healthy and at-risk populations. However, there is great variation in the literature due to the heterogeneous nature of the randomised controlled trials conducted. As such, there is a clear need for further research and understanding within this area in order to maximise potential health benefits.
    MeSH term(s) Blood Pressure/drug effects ; Cardiovascular Diseases/etiology ; Cardiovascular Diseases/prevention & control ; Cerebrovascular Circulation/drug effects ; Cerebrovascular Disorders/etiology ; Cerebrovascular Disorders/prevention & control ; Dietary Supplements ; Endothelium, Vascular/drug effects ; Flavonoids/pharmacology ; Flavonoids/therapeutic use ; Humans ; Neurodegenerative Diseases/etiology ; Neurodegenerative Diseases/prevention & control ; Phytotherapy ; Plant Extracts/pharmacology ; Plant Extracts/therapeutic use
    Chemical Substances Flavonoids ; Plant Extracts
    Language English
    Publishing date 2018-12-01
    Publishing country Switzerland
    Document type Journal Article ; Review
    ZDB-ID 2518386-2
    ISSN 2072-6643 ; 2072-6643
    ISSN (online) 2072-6643
    ISSN 2072-6643
    DOI 10.3390/nu10121852
    Database MEDical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System OnLINE

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  8. Article ; Online: Increased bioavailability of phenolic acids and enhanced vascular function following intake of feruloyl esterase-processed high fibre bread: A randomized, controlled, single blind, crossover human intervention trial.

    Turner, Alice L / Michaelson, Louise V / Shewry, Peter R / Lovegrove, Alison / Spencer, Jeremy P E

    Clinical nutrition (Edinburgh, Scotland)

    2020  Volume 40, Issue 3, Page(s) 788–795

    Abstract: ... enzyme-treated') high fibre bread verses both a white bread (2 h: p < 0.05; 5 h: p < 0.01) and a standard ... high fibre bread (5 h: p < 0.05). Concurrently, significant increases in plasma FA levels were observed ... at 2 h (p < 0.01) after consumption of the enzyme-treated bread, relative to control treatments ...

    Abstract Background & aims: Clinical trial data have indicated an association between wholegrain consumption and a reduction in surrogate markers of cardiovascular disease. Phenolics present in wholegrain bound to arabinoxylan fibre may contribute these effects, particularly when released enzymatically from the fiber prior to ingestion. The aim of the present study was therefore to determine whether the intake of high fibre bread containing higher free ferulic acid (FA) levels (enzymatically released during processing) enhances human endothelium-dependent vascular function.
    Methods: A randomized, single masked, controlled, crossover, human intervention study was conducted on 19 healthy men. Individuals consumed either a high fibre flatbread with enzymatically released free FA (14.22 mg), an equivalent standard high fibre bread (2.34 mg), or a white bread control (0.48 mg) and markers of vascular function and plasma phenolic acid concentrations were measured at baseline, 2, 5 and 7 h post consumption.
    Results: Significantly increased brachial arterial dilation was observed following consumption of the high free FA ('enzyme-treated') high fibre bread verses both a white bread (2 h: p < 0.05; 5 h: p < 0.01) and a standard high fibre bread (5 h: p < 0.05). Concurrently, significant increases in plasma FA levels were observed, at 2 h (p < 0.01) after consumption of the enzyme-treated bread, relative to control treatments. Blood pressure, heart rate, DVP-SI and DVP-RI were not significantly altered following intake of any of the breads (p > 0.05).
    Conclusion: Dietary intake of bread, processed enzymatically to release FA from arabinoxylan fiber during production increases the bioavailability of FA, and induces acute endothelium-dependent vasodilation.
    Clinical trial registry: NO: NCT03946293. WEBSITE: www.clinicaltrials.gov.
    MeSH term(s) Adult ; Biological Availability ; Blood Pressure ; Bread ; Carboxylic Ester Hydrolases/metabolism ; Coumaric Acids/blood ; Coumaric Acids/pharmacokinetics ; Cross-Over Studies ; Dietary Fiber/administration & dosage ; Food Handling ; Heart Rate ; Humans ; Male ; Single-Blind Method ; Vasodilation ; Xylans/metabolism
    Chemical Substances Coumaric Acids ; Dietary Fiber ; Xylans ; arabinoxylan (9040-27-1) ; ferulic acid (AVM951ZWST) ; Carboxylic Ester Hydrolases (EC 3.1.1.-) ; feruloyl esterase (EC 3.1.1.73)
    Language English
    Publishing date 2020-08-08
    Publishing country England
    Document type Journal Article ; Randomized Controlled Trial ; Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't
    ZDB-ID 604812-2
    ISSN 1532-1983 ; 0261-5614
    ISSN (online) 1532-1983
    ISSN 0261-5614
    DOI 10.1016/j.clnu.2020.07.026
    Database MEDical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System OnLINE

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  9. Article ; Online: Fascicular elastin within tendon contributes to the magnitude and modulus gradient of the elastic stress response across tendon type and species.

    Eekhoff, Jeremy D / Abraham, James A / Schott, Hayden R / Solon, Lorenzo F / Ulloa, Gabriella E / Zellers, Jennifer A / Cannon, Paul C / Lake, Spencer P

    Acta biomaterialia

    2022  Volume 163, Page(s) 91–105

    Abstract: Elastin, the main component of elastic fibers, has been demonstrated to significantly influence tendon mechanics using both elastin degradation studies and elastinopathic mouse models. However, it remains unclear how prior results differ between species ... ...

    Abstract Elastin, the main component of elastic fibers, has been demonstrated to significantly influence tendon mechanics using both elastin degradation studies and elastinopathic mouse models. However, it remains unclear how prior results differ between species and functionally distinct tendons and, in particular, how results translate to human tendon. Differences in function between fascicular and interfascicular elastin are also yet to be fully elucidated. Therefore, this study evaluated the quantity, structure, and mechanical contribution of elastin in functionally distinct tendons across species. Tendons with an energy-storing function had slightly more elastin content than tendons with a positional function, and human tendon had at least twice the elastin content of other species. While distinctions in the organization of elastic fibers between fascicles and the interfascicular matrix were observed, differences in structural arrangement of the elastin network between species and tendon type were limited. Mechanical testing paired with enzyme-induced elastin degradation was used to evaluate the contribution of elastin to tendon mechanics. Across all tendons, elastin degradation affected the elastic stress response by decreasing stress values while increasing the modulus gradient of the stress-strain curve. Only the contributions of elastin to viscoelastic properties varied between tendon type and species, with human tendon and energy-storing tendon being more affected. These data suggest that fascicular elastic fibers contribute to the tensile mechanical response of tendon, likely by regulating collagen engagement under load. Results add to prior findings and provide evidence for a more mechanistic understanding of the role of elastic fibers in tendon. STATEMENT OF SIGNIFICANCE: Elastin has previously been shown to influence the mechanical properties of tendon, and degraded or abnormal elastin networks caused by aging or disease may contribute to pain and an increased risk of injury. However, prior work has not fully determined how elastin contributes differently to tendons with varying functional demands, as well as within distinct regions of tendon. This study determined the effects of elastin degradation on the tensile elastic and viscoelastic responses of tendons with varying functional demands, hierarchical structures, and elastin content. Moreover, volumetric imaging and protein quantification were used to thoroughly characterize the elastin network in each distinct tendon. The results presented herein can inform tendon-specific strategies to maintain or restore native properties in elastin-degraded tissue.
    MeSH term(s) Mice ; Animals ; Humans ; Elastin/metabolism ; Collagen/metabolism ; Tendons/physiology ; Aging/metabolism ; Elastic Tissue/metabolism ; Elastic Modulus
    Chemical Substances Elastin (9007-58-3) ; Collagen (9007-34-5)
    Language English
    Publishing date 2022-03-16
    Publishing country England
    Document type Journal Article ; Research Support, U.S. Gov't, Non-P.H.S. ; Research Support, N.I.H., Extramural
    ZDB-ID 2173841-5
    ISSN 1878-7568 ; 1742-7061
    ISSN (online) 1878-7568
    ISSN 1742-7061
    DOI 10.1016/j.actbio.2022.03.025
    Database MEDical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System OnLINE

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  10. Article ; Online: Nutrients and brain health: an overview.

    Spencer, Jeremy P E

    Genes & nutrition

    2009  Volume 4, Issue 4, Page(s) 225–226

    Language English
    Publishing date 2009-09-03
    Publishing country Germany
    Document type Journal Article
    ZDB-ID 2416599-2
    ISSN 1865-3499 ; 1555-8932
    ISSN (online) 1865-3499
    ISSN 1555-8932
    DOI 10.1007/s12263-009-0140-7
    Database MEDical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System OnLINE

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