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Article ; Online: The impact of prematurity on postnatal growth of different renal compartments.

Li, Joan / Guandalini, Michael / Mcinnes, Helena / Kandasamy, Yogavijayan / Trnka, Peter / Moritz, Karen

2019 Volume 25, Issue 2, Page(s) 116–124

Abstract: Aim: In humans, nephrogenesis ceases before birth, but the renal medulla compartment continues to develop after birth. We aim to evaluate the relative growth of different renal compartments in preterm babies compared with age-matched term babies, and ... ...

Abstract	Aim: In humans, nephrogenesis ceases before birth, but the renal medulla compartment continues to develop after birth. We aim to evaluate the relative growth of different renal compartments in preterm babies compared with age-matched term babies, and explore the impact of premature birth on postnatal renal maturation, remodelling and possible long-term implications. Methods: This retrospective study compared the renal ultrasonographic images between preterm babies and term infants. Ultrasound images were obtained at 32 weeks (preterm), 37 weeks and at 6 months of age. Kidney volume, length, renal cortex and medulla thickness were measured and compared between preterm and term babies. Results: Preterm babies were lighter in body weight and shorter for crown-heel length at age-matched 37 weeks. All kidney growth parameters were also smaller compared with term babies. However, by 6 months of age kidney volume and length measurements were no longer significantly different between the two groups though preterm babies were still significantly lighter and shorter. The catch-up of the overall kidney growth in preterm babies was mainly attributed to the hypertrophic growth of the renal cortex while the postnatal renal medulla growth was disrupted. This trend continued as the renal cortical thickness became significantly larger while the medulla became smaller in preterm babies at 6 months of age, compared with age-matched term baby. Conclusions: In preterm babies, the renal cortical region undergoes accelerated growth after birth while the renal medulla growth lags behind. Further investigations will be necessary to determine whether this has a negative impact on renal function later in life.
MeSH term(s)	Child Development ; Female ; Gestational Age ; Humans ; Infant, Newborn ; Infant, Premature/growth & development ; Kidney/diagnostic imaging ; Kidney/growth & development ; Kidney/pathology ; Kidney/physiopathology ; Male ; Organ Size ; Prognosis ; Retrospective Studies ; Ultrasonography/methods
Language	English
Publishing date	2019-06-25
Publishing country	Australia
Document type	Journal Article
ZDB-ID	1303661-0
ISSN	1440-1797 ; 1320-5358
ISSN (online)	1440-1797
ISSN	1320-5358
DOI	10.1111/nep.13623
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Article ; Online: Rare SH2B3 coding variants in lupus patients impair B cell tolerance and predispose to autoimmunity.

Zhang, Yaoyuan / Morris, Rhiannon / Brown, Grant J / Lorenzo, Ayla May D / Meng, Xiangpeng / Kershaw, Nadia J / Kiridena, Pamudika / Burgio, Gaétan / Gross, Simon / Cappello, Jean Y / Shen, Qian / Wang, Hao / Turnbull, Cynthia / Lea-Henry, Tom / Stanley, Maurice / Yu, Zhijia / Ballard, Fiona D / Chuah, Aaron / Lee, James C /

Hatch, Ann-Maree / Enders, Anselm / Masters, Seth L / Headley, Alexander P / Trnka, Peter / Mallon, Dominic / Fletcher, Jeffery T / Walters, Giles D / Šestan, Mario / Jelušić, Marija / Cook, Matthew C / Athanasopoulos, Vicki / Fulcher, David A / Babon, Jeffrey J / Vinuesa, Carola G / Ellyard, Julia I

The Journal of experimental medicine

2024 Volume 221, Issue 4

Abstract: Systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) is a heterogeneous autoimmune disease with a clear genetic component. While most SLE patients carry rare gene variants in lupus risk genes, little is known about their contribution to disease pathogenesis. Amongst them, ...

Abstract	Systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) is a heterogeneous autoimmune disease with a clear genetic component. While most SLE patients carry rare gene variants in lupus risk genes, little is known about their contribution to disease pathogenesis. Amongst them, SH2B3-a negative regulator of cytokine and growth factor receptor signaling-harbors rare coding variants in over 5% of SLE patients. Here, we show that unlike the variant found exclusively in healthy controls, SH2B3 rare variants found in lupus patients are predominantly hypomorphic alleles, failing to suppress IFNGR signaling via JAK2-STAT1. The generation of two mouse lines carrying patients' variants revealed that SH2B3 is important in limiting the number of immature and transitional B cells. Furthermore, hypomorphic SH2B3 was shown to impair the negative selection of immature/transitional self-reactive B cells and accelerate autoimmunity in sensitized mice, at least in part due to increased IL-4R signaling and BAFF-R expression. This work identifies a previously unappreciated role for SH2B3 in human B cell tolerance and lupus risk.
MeSH term(s)	Animals ; Humans ; Mice ; Autoimmunity/genetics ; B-Cell Activating Factor/metabolism ; B-Lymphocytes ; Lupus Erythematosus, Systemic/genetics ; Precursor Cells, B-Lymphoid
Chemical Substances	B-Cell Activating Factor ; SH2B3 protein, human
Language	English
Publishing date	2024-02-28
Publishing country	United States
Document type	Journal Article
ZDB-ID	218343-2
ISSN	1540-9538 ; 0022-1007
ISSN (online)	1540-9538
ISSN	0022-1007
DOI	10.1084/jem.20221080
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Article ; Online: Francisella tularensis Periprosthetic Joint Infections Diagnosed with Growth in Cultures.

Chrdle, Aleš / Trnka, Tomáš / Musil, David / Fucentese, Sandro F / Bode, Peter / Keller, Peter M / Achermann, Yvonne

Journal of clinical microbiology

2019 Volume 57, Issue 8

Abstract: Tularemia caused ... ...

Abstract	Tularemia caused by
MeSH term(s)	Aged ; Aged, 80 and over ; Animals ; Anti-Bacterial Agents/therapeutic use ; Antibodies, Bacterial/blood ; Bacteriological Techniques ; Female ; Francisella tularensis ; Humans ; Knee Joint/drug effects ; Knee Joint/microbiology ; Male ; Prosthesis-Related Infections/diagnosis ; Prosthesis-Related Infections/drug therapy ; Prosthesis-Related Infections/microbiology ; Retrospective Studies ; Synovial Fluid/microbiology ; Treatment Outcome ; Tularemia/complications ; Tularemia/diagnosis ; Tularemia/drug therapy ; Zoonoses/diagnosis ; Zoonoses/drug therapy ; Zoonoses/microbiology
Chemical Substances	Anti-Bacterial Agents ; Antibodies, Bacterial
Language	English
Publishing date	2019-07-26
Publishing country	United States
Document type	Case Reports ; Journal Article ; Review
ZDB-ID	390499-4
ISSN	1098-660X ; 0095-1137
ISSN (online)	1098-660X
ISSN	0095-1137
DOI	10.1128/JCM.00339-19
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Article: Flexible sigmoidoscopy screening: patient acceptance.

Trnka, Y M / Henderson, C A

HMO practice

1997 Volume 11, Issue 3, Page(s) 130–133

Abstract: Although compelling evidence is available that screening can reduce the risk of death from colon cancer, patient compliance with screening in the United States is poor. The objective of this study is to describe a program that uses patient education to ... ...

Abstract	Although compelling evidence is available that screening can reduce the risk of death from colon cancer, patient compliance with screening in the United States is poor. The objective of this study is to describe a program that uses patient education to improve patient acceptance of flexible sigmoidoscopy screening. Our program provides multiple opportunities for patients to ask questions and to receive information. Preliminary data show that this approach has resulted in a procedure acceptance rate of 81% of those referred in the first year of the program. Future research needs to focus on evaluating factors associated with noncompliance in colorectal cancer screening programs.
MeSH term(s)	Appointments and Schedules ; Colonic Neoplasms/prevention & control ; Health Maintenance Organizations/organization & administration ; Health Maintenance Organizations/utilization ; Humans ; Massachusetts ; Patient Acceptance of Health Care/psychology ; Patient Acceptance of Health Care/statistics & numerical data ; Patient Compliance ; Patient Education as Topic ; Patient Satisfaction ; Practice Guidelines as Topic ; Sigmoidoscopy/standards ; Sigmoidoscopy/utilization
Language	English
Publishing date	1997-09
Publishing country	United States
Document type	Journal Article
ZDB-ID	1393153-2
ISSN	0891-6624
ISSN	0891-6624
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Article: Implications of crop model ensemble size and composition for estimates of adaptation effects and agreement of recommendations.

Rodríguez, A / Ruiz-Ramos, M / Palosuo, T / Carter, T R / Fronzek, S / Lorite, I J / Ferrise, R / Pirttioja, N / Bindi, M / Baranowski, P / Buis, S / Cammarano, D / Chen, Y / Dumont, B / Ewert, F / Gaiser, T / Hlavinka, P / Hoffmann, H / Höhn, J G /

Jurecka, F / Kersebaum, K C / Krzyszczak, J / Lana, M / Mechiche-Alami, A / Minet, J / Montesino, M / Nendel, C / Porter, J R / Ruget, F / Semenov, M A / Steinmetz, Z / Stratonovitch, P / Supit, I / Tao, F / Trnka, M / de Wit, A / Rötter, R P

Agricultural and forest meteorology

2018 Volume 264, Page(s) 351–362

Abstract: Climate change is expected to severely affect cropping systems and food production in many parts of the world unless local adaptation can ameliorate these impacts. Ensembles of crop simulation models can be useful tools for assessing if proposed ... ...

Abstract	Climate change is expected to severely affect cropping systems and food production in many parts of the world unless local adaptation can ameliorate these impacts. Ensembles of crop simulation models can be useful tools for assessing if proposed adaptation options are capable of achieving target yields, whilst also quantifying the share of uncertainty in the simulated crop impact resulting from the crop models themselves. Although some studies have analysed the influence of ensemble size on model outcomes, the effect of ensemble composition has not yet been properly appraised. Moreover, results and derived recommendations typically rely on averaged ensemble simulation results without accounting sufficiently for the spread of model outcomes. Therefore, we developed an Ensemble Outcome Agreement (EOA) index, which analyses the effect of changes in composition and size of a multi-model ensemble (MME) to evaluate the level of agreement between MME outcomes with respect to a given hypothesis (e.g. that adaptation measures result in positive crop responses). We analysed the recommendations of a previous study performed with an ensemble of 17 crop models and testing 54 adaptation options for rainfed winter wheat (
Language	English
Publishing date	2018-06-15
Publishing country	Netherlands
Document type	Journal Article
ZDB-ID	409905-9
ISSN	0168-1923
ISSN	0168-1923
DOI	10.1016/j.agrformet.2018.09.018
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Article: Izolovaná perfuze horní končetiny s TNF-α - dvojitá kanylace žilního systému.

Špaček, M / Mitáš, P / Vočka, M / Lacina, L / Hodková, G / Špunda, R / Kodet, O / Krajsová, I / Petruželka, L / Trnka, J / Kubinyi, J / Matějovský, Z / Lambert, L / Lindner, J

Klinicka onkologie : casopis Ceske a Slovenske onkologicke spolecnosti

2017 Volume 30, Issue 3, Page(s) 213–219

Abstract: ... technique based on a "Y" cannulation of the venous system via the deep brachial vein and superficial venous ...

Title translation	Isolated Perfusion of the Upper Extremity with TNF-α - Double Venous Cannulation.
Abstract	Background: The authors present a technical variation of the standard cannulation for cardiopulmonary bypass perfusion during hyperthermic isolated limb perfusion (ILP) procedures in selected patients with unresectable soft tissue sarcoma or malignant melanoma. Patients: Of 55 ILP procedures performed at our institution since the procedure was established in 2009, nine were performed at the upper extremity. Standard single venous cannulation was used in five cases, and extended, double venous cannulation in the last four. The standard technique for brachial vein cannulation in a small compartment of the upper extremity entails a problematic and longer perfusion of the upper extremity. This is due to the lower flow rate in the venous system and relatively large surface area with respect to weight. We present a simple technique based on a "Y" cannulation of the venous system via the deep brachial vein and superficial venous system via the basilic vein, delivering a 20% increase in flow rate in the extracorporeal circulation. Faster heating of the upper extremity and a stable thermal environment throughout upper-extremity ILP are essential for successful treatment. Conclusion: Extended technique of venous cannulation for extracorporeal circulation setting, due to their advantages, became standard in the upper limb ILP procedure at our institution.Key words: isolated limb perfusion - malignant melanoma - soft tissue sarcoma - upper limb - extracorporeal circulation The authors declare they have no potential conflicts of interest concerning drugs, products, or services used in the study. The Editorial Board declares that the manuscript met the ICMJE recommendation for biomedical papers.Submitted: 8. 1. 2017Accepted: 15. 1. 2017.
MeSH term(s)	Arm ; Chemotherapy, Cancer, Regional Perfusion/methods ; Humans ; Melanoma/drug therapy ; Sarcoma/drug therapy ; Skin Neoplasms/drug therapy ; Tumor Necrosis Factor-alpha/administration & dosage ; Melanoma, Cutaneous Malignant
Chemical Substances	Tumor Necrosis Factor-alpha
Language	Czech
Publishing date	2017-06-26
Publishing country	Czech Republic
Document type	Journal Article
ZDB-ID	1217739-8
ISSN	0862-495X
ISSN	0862-495X
DOI	10.14735/amko2017213
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Article ; Online: Relations of non-motor symptoms and dopamine transporter binding in REM sleep behavior disorder.

Scientific reports

2019 Volume 9, Issue 1, Page(s) 15463

Abstract: The aim of this study was to evaluate associations of motor and non-motor symptoms with dopamine transporter binding in prodromal stage of synucleinopathies. We examined 74 patients with idiopathic REM sleep behavior disorder (RBD), which is a prodromal ... ...

Abstract	The aim of this study was to evaluate associations of motor and non-motor symptoms with dopamine transporter binding in prodromal stage of synucleinopathies. We examined 74 patients with idiopathic REM sleep behavior disorder (RBD), which is a prodromal synucleinopathy, and 39 controls using Movement Disorders Society-Unified Parkinson's Disease Rating Scale (MDS-UPDRS), Montreal Cognitive Assessment, University of Pennsylvania Smell Identification Test (UPSIT), Farnsworth-Munsell 100 hue test, orthostatic test, Scales for Outcomes in PD-Autonomic, Beck depression inventory-II, State-Trait Anxiety Inventory, and video-polysomnography. Electromyographic muscle activity during REM sleep was quantified according to Sleep Innsbruck-Barcelona criteria. In 65 patients, dopamine transporter single-photon emission computed tomography (DAT-SPECT) imaging was performed, putaminal binding ratio was calculated and scans were classified as normal, borderline, or abnormal. Compared to controls, RBD patients had significantly more severe scores in all examined tests. Patients with abnormal DAT-SPECT had higher MDS-UPDRS motor score (p = 0.006) and higher prevalence of orthostatic hypotension (p = 0.008). Putaminal binding ratio was positively associated with UPSIT score (p = 0.03) and negatively associated with tonic (p = 0.003) and phasic (p = 0.01) muscle activity during REM sleep. These associations likely reflect simultaneous advancement of underlying pathology in substantia nigra and susceptible brainstem and olfactory nuclei in prodromal synucleinopathy.
MeSH term(s)	Aged ; Case-Control Studies ; Dopamine Plasma Membrane Transport Proteins/metabolism ; Female ; Humans ; Male ; Mental Status and Dementia Tests ; Middle Aged ; Polysomnography ; Protein Binding ; REM Sleep Behavior Disorder/metabolism ; REM Sleep Behavior Disorder/physiopathology
Chemical Substances	Dopamine Plasma Membrane Transport Proteins
Language	English
Publishing date	2019-10-29
Publishing country	England
Document type	Journal Article ; Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't
ZDB-ID	2615211-3
ISSN	2045-2322 ; 2045-2322
ISSN (online)	2045-2322
ISSN	2045-2322
DOI	10.1038/s41598-019-51710-y
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Article ; Online: Implications of crop model ensemble size and composition for estimates of adaptation effects and agreement of recommendations

Rodríguez, A. / Ruiz-Ramos, M. / Palosuo, T. / Carter, T.R. / Fronzek, S. / Lorite, I.J. / Ferrise, R. / Pirttioja, N. / Bindi, M. / Baranowski, P. / Buis, S. / Cammarano, D. / Chen, Y. / Dumont, B. / Ewert, F. / Gaiser, T. / Hlavinka, P. / Hoffmann, H. / Höhn, J.G. /

Jurecka, F. / Kersebaum, K.C. / Krzyszczak, J. / Lana, M. / Mechiche-Alami, A. / Minet, J. / Montesino, M. / Nendel, C. / Porter, J.R. / Ruget, F. / Semenov, M.A. / Steinmetz, Z. / Stratonovitch, P. / Supit, I. / Tao, F. / Trnka, M. / de Wit, A. / Rötter, R.P.

Agricultural and Forest Meteorology

2019 Volume 264

Abstract	Climate change is expected to severely affect cropping systems and food production in many parts of the world unless local adaptation can ameliorate these impacts. Ensembles of crop simulation models can be useful tools for assessing if proposed adaptation options are capable of achieving target yields, whilst also quantifying the share of uncertainty in the simulated crop impact resulting from the crop models themselves. Although some studies have analysed the influence of ensemble size on model outcomes, the effect of ensemble composition has not yet been properly appraised. Moreover, results and derived recommendations typically rely on averaged ensemble simulation results without accounting sufficiently for the spread of model outcomes. Therefore, we developed an Ensemble Outcome Agreement (EOA) index, which analyses the effect of changes in composition and size of a multi-model ensemble (MME) to evaluate the level of agreement between MME outcomes with respect to a given hypothesis (e.g. that adaptation measures result in positive crop responses). We analysed the recommendations of a previous study performed with an ensemble of 17 crop models and testing 54 adaptation options for rainfed winter wheat (Triticum aestivum L.) at Lleida (NE Spain) under perturbed conditions of temperature, precipitation and atmospheric CO2 concentration. Our results confirmed that most adaptations recommended in the previous study have a positive effect. However, we also showed that some options did not remain recommendable in specific conditions if different ensembles were considered. Using EOA, we were able to identify the adaptation options for which there is high confidence in their effectiveness at enhancing yields, even under severe climate perturbations. These include substituting spring wheat for winter wheat combined with earlier sowing dates and standard or longer duration cultivars, or introducing supplementary irrigation, the latter increasing EOA values in all cases. There is low confidence in recovering yields to ...
Keywords	Climate change ; Decision support ; Outcome confidence ; Response surface ; Uncertainty ; Wheat adaptation
Subject code	333
Language	English
Publishing country	nl
Document type	Article ; Online
ZDB-ID	409905-9
ISSN	0168-1923
ISSN	0168-1923
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Article ; Online: Moldavites

Trnka M / Houzar S

Bulletin of Geosciences, Vol 77, Iss 4, Pp 283-

a review

2002 Volume 302

Abstract: ... over a time period of about 15 m.y. is not probable. It is, however, a question whether they were ... body - in the case of moldavites - was probably a chondrite 500-1000 m in diameter. Its impact also ...

Abstract	Moldavites from southern Bohemia, from western Moravia, from the Cheb Basin, from Lusatia (Germany), and from Waldviertel (Austria) are the only known European tektites. In the present paper, we briefly sum up the existing knowledge about their strewn fields and geology, about their properties, and their origin. The present survey should enable a detailed comparison with other groups of tektites and separation of primary differences from differences caused by earth history. The extent of moldavite occurrences is a result of intensive denudation and redeposition of the initial strewn field. All regions of moldavite occurrences are spatially associated with regional basins and depressions. The oldest moldavite-bearing sediments with very short-transported material are unsorted colluvio-fluvial gravelly sands and clays of Middle to Upper Miocene age. Fluvial transport of moldavites to more distant places determined their present distribution and led to a substantial lowering of their content in the sediments. Roughly 10 6 metric tons of moldavite matter (macrotektites) formed initially. Only about 1% of this mass has been preserved till the present. Most moldavites are splash-form moldavites. No ablation features were found on their surface. Muong Nong type moldavites occur sporadically but their amount could be much higher at the time of their formation. Micromoldavites were not found. Their preservation in the conditions of continental sediments over a time period of about 15 m.y. is not probable. It is, however, a question whether they were formed or not. Moldavites represent the most acid group of tektites with silica content of around 80 wt%. They are relatively rich in K 2 O, too. On the other hand, they are characterized by low average contents of Al 2 O 3 , TiO 2 , FeO and Na 2 O. These low contents of TiO 2 and FeO lead to their higher translucency, similarly as in georgianites. In the same way as with other tektites, moldavites originated by fusion and ejection of porous target rocks during an oblique impact of a large meteorite. The impacting body - in the case of moldavites - was probably a chondrite 500-1000 m in diameter. Its impact also created the Ries crater at approximately 14.4-15.1 Ma.
Keywords	tektite ; moldavite ; origin ; physical properties ; chemical composition ; textures ; Ries crater ; Geology ; QE1-996.5 ; Science ; Q ; DOAJ:Earth Sciences ; DOAJ:Earth and Environmental Sciences
Subject code	550
Language	English
Publishing date	2002-12-01T00:00:00Z
Publisher	Czech Geological Survey
Document type	Article ; Online
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Article ; Online: Adaptation response surfaces for managing wheat under perturbed climate and CO2 in a Mediterranean environment

Ruiz-Ramos, M. / Ferrise, R. / Rodríguez, A. / Lorite, I.J. / Bindi, M. / Carter, T.R. / Fronzek, S. / Palosuo, T. / Pirttioja, N. / Baranowski, P. / Buis, S. / Cammarano, D. / Chen, Y. / Dumont, B. / Ewert, F. / Gaiser, T. / Hlavinka, P. / Hoffmann, H. / Höhn, J.G. /

Agricultural Systems

2018 Volume 159

Abstract: Adaptation of crops to climate change has to be addressed locally due to the variability of soil, climate and the specific socio-economic settings influencing farm management decisions. Adaptation of rainfed cropping systems in the Mediterranean is ... ...

Abstract	Adaptation of crops to climate change has to be addressed locally due to the variability of soil, climate and the specific socio-economic settings influencing farm management decisions. Adaptation of rainfed cropping systems in the Mediterranean is especially challenging due to the projected decline in precipitation in the coming decades, which will increase the risk of droughts. Methods that can help explore uncertainties in climate projections and crop modelling, such as impact response surfaces (IRSs) and ensemble modelling, can then be valuable for identifying effective adaptations. Here, an ensemble of 17 crop models was used to simulate a total of 54 adaptation options for rainfed winter wheat (Triticum aestivum) at Lleida (NE Spain). To support the ensemble building, an ex post quality check of model simulations based on several criteria was performed. Those criteria were based on the “According to Our Current Knowledge” (AOCK) concept, which has been formalized here. Adaptations were based on changes in cultivars and management regarding phenology, vernalization, sowing date and irrigation. The effects of adaptation options under changed precipitation (P), temperature (T), [CO2] and soil type were analysed by constructing response surfaces, which we termed, in accordance with their specific purpose, adaptation response surfaces (ARSs). These were created to assess the effect of adaptations through a range of plausible P, T and [CO2] perturbations. The results indicated that impacts of altered climate were predominantly negative. No single adaptation was capable of overcoming the detrimental effect of the complex interactions imposed by the P, T and [CO2] perturbations except for supplementary irrigation (sI), which reduced the potential impacts under most of the perturbations. Yet, a combination of adaptations for dealing with climate change demonstrated that effective adaptation is possible at Lleida. Combinations based on a cultivar without vernalization requirements showed good and wide adaptation ...
Keywords	AOCK concept ; Crop model ensemble ; Mediterranean cropping system ; Rainfed ; Sensitivity analysis ; Wheat adaptation
Subject code	333
Language	English
Publishing country	nl
Document type	Article ; Online
ZDB-ID	413255-5
ISSN	0308-521X
ISSN	0308-521X
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