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Article ; Online: Systematic review of survival following liver or lung metastasectomy for metastatic anal squamous cell carcinoma.

Hurt, L / Barlow, E / Davies, M / Harris, D A / Barrington, C / Harries, R L

Annals of the Royal College of Surgeons of England

2024

Abstract: Introduction: Metastatic anal squamous cell carcinoma (SCC) carries a poor prognosis and the evidence base for surgical resection of metastases remains limited. The aim of this study was to establish the survival outcomes for patients undergoing ... ...

Abstract	Introduction: Metastatic anal squamous cell carcinoma (SCC) carries a poor prognosis and the evidence base for surgical resection of metastases remains limited. The aim of this study was to establish the survival outcomes for patients undergoing metastasectomy for anal SCC. Methods: A systematic review was performed using the MEDLINE Results: There were 10 studies with a total of 98 patients. There was heterogeneity in results reporting, with recurrence free survival the most reported outcome. For all studies reporting on liver metastasectomy, the one-year overall survival rate was 87%. In studies with adequate follow-up reported, the three and five-year overall survival rates were 53% and 38% respectively. Only one study reported on lung metastasectomy patients; the overall median survival was 24 months. None of the studies reported on quality of life measures. The ROBINS-I tool identified a critical risk of bias in six studies, a serious risk in one study and a moderate risk in three studies. Conclusions: The evidence base for metastasectomy in metastatic anal SCC is limited. Further information is required to inform future treatment methods and use of a standardised outcomes reporting method is needed to support this.
Language	English
Publishing date	2024-03-18
Publishing country	England
Document type	Journal Article ; Review
ZDB-ID	80044-2
ISSN	1478-7083 ; 0035-8843
ISSN (online)	1478-7083
ISSN	0035-8843
DOI	10.1308/rcsann.2023.0005
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Article: Tuberculosis Chest X-Ray Image Retrieval System Using Deep Learning Based Biomarker Predictions.

Lowekamp, Bradley C / Gabrielian, Andrei / Hurt, Darrell E / Rosenthal, Alex / Yaniv, Ziv

Proceedings of SPIE--the International Society for Optical Engineering

2024 Volume 12931

Abstract: The world health organization's global tuberculosis (TB) report for 2022 identifies TB, with an estimated 1.6 million, as a leading cause of death. The number of new cases has risen since 2020, particularly the number of new drug-resistant cases, ... ...

Abstract	The world health organization's global tuberculosis (TB) report for 2022 identifies TB, with an estimated 1.6 million, as a leading cause of death. The number of new cases has risen since 2020, particularly the number of new drug-resistant cases, estimated at 450,000 in 2021. This is concerning, as treatment of patients with drug resistant TB is complex and may not always be successful. The NIAID TB Portals program is an international consortium with a primary focus on patient centric data collection and analysis for drug resistant TB. The data includes images, their associated radiological findings, clinical records, and socioeconomic information. This work describes a TB Portals' Chest X-ray based image retrieval system which enables precision medicine. An input image is used to retrieve similar images and the associated patient specific information, thus facilitating inspection of outcomes and treatment regimens from comparable patients. Image similarity is defined using clinically relevant biomarkers: gender, age, body mass index (BMI), and the percentage of lung affected per sextant. The biomarkers are predicted using variations of the DenseNet169 convolutional neural network. A multi-task approach is used to predict gender, age and BMI incorporating transfer learning from an initial training on the NIH Clinical Center CXR dataset to the TB portals dataset. The resulting gender AUC, age and BMI mean absolute errors were 0.9854, 4.03years and
Language	English
Publishing date	2024-04-02
Publishing country	United States
Document type	Journal Article
ISSN	0277-786X
ISSN	0277-786X
DOI	10.1117/12.3006848
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Article: Memoir of E. C. Schelin 1910-1980.

Winn, W C / Hurt, W G / Sutphin, A K

Virginia medical

1980 Volume 107, Issue 6, Page(s) 463

MeSH term(s)	History of Medicine ; United States ; Virginia
Language	English
Publishing date	1980-06
Publishing country	United States
Document type	Biography ; Historical Article ; Journal Article
ZDB-ID	603482-2
ISSN	0146-3616 ; 0042-6644
ISSN	0146-3616 ; 0042-6644
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Article ; Online: Bioorthogonal Labeling Enables In Situ Fluorescence Imaging of Expressed Gas Vesicle Nanostructures.

Schrunk, Erik / Dutka, Przemysław / Hurt, Robert C / Wu, Di / Shapiro, Mikhail G

Bioconjugate chemistry

2024 Volume 35, Issue 3, Page(s) 333–339

Abstract: Gas vesicles (GVs) are proteinaceous nanostructures that, along with virus-like particles, encapsulins, nanocages, and other macromolecular assemblies, are being developed for potential biomedical applications. To facilitate such development, it would be ...

Abstract	Gas vesicles (GVs) are proteinaceous nanostructures that, along with virus-like particles, encapsulins, nanocages, and other macromolecular assemblies, are being developed for potential biomedical applications. To facilitate such development, it would be valuable to characterize these nanostructures' subcellular assembly and localization. However, traditional fluorescent protein fusions are not tolerated by GVs' primary constituent protein, making optical microscopy a challenge. Here, we introduce a method for fluorescently visualizing intracellular GVs using the bioorthogonal label FlAsH, which becomes fluorescent upon reaction with the six-amino acid tetracysteine (TC) tag. We engineered the GV subunit protein, GvpA, to display the TC tag and showed that GVs bearing TC-tagged GvpA can be successfully assembled and fluorescently visualized in HEK 293T cells. Importantly, this was achieved by replacing only a fraction of GvpA with the tagged version. We used fluorescence images of the tagged GVs to study the GV size and distance distributions within these cells. This bioorthogonal and fractional labeling approach will enable research to provide a greater understanding of GVs and could be adapted to similar proteinaceous nanostructures.
MeSH term(s)	Proteins/chemistry ; Nanostructures/chemistry ; Optical Imaging
Chemical Substances	Proteins
Language	English
Publishing date	2024-02-12
Publishing country	United States
Document type	Journal Article
ZDB-ID	1024041-x
ISSN	1520-4812 ; 1043-1802
ISSN (online)	1520-4812
ISSN	1043-1802
DOI	10.1021/acs.bioconjchem.3c00518
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Article ; Online: Author Correction: Direct and high throughput (HT) interactions on the ribosomal surface by iRIA.

Pesce, Elisa / Minici, Claudia / Baßler, Jochen / Hurt, Ed / Degano, Massimo / Calamita, Piera / Biffo, Stefano

Scientific reports

2023 Volume 13, Issue 1, Page(s) 1938

Language	English
Publishing date	2023-02-02
Publishing country	England
Document type	Published Erratum
ZDB-ID	2615211-3
ISSN	2045-2322 ; 2045-2322
ISSN (online)	2045-2322
ISSN	2045-2322
DOI	10.1038/s41598-023-28876-7
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Article: Bioorthogonal labeling enables in situ fluorescence imaging of expressed gas vesicle nanostructures.

Schrunk, Erik / Dutka, Przemysław / Hurt, Robert C / Wu, Di / Shapiro, Mikhail G

bioRxiv : the preprint server for biology

2023

Abstract: Gas vesicles (GVs) are proteinaceous nanostructures that, along with virus-like particles, encapsulins, nano-cages, and other macromolecular assemblies are being developed for potential biomedical applications. To facilitate such development, it would be ...

Abstract	Gas vesicles (GVs) are proteinaceous nanostructures that, along with virus-like particles, encapsulins, nano-cages, and other macromolecular assemblies are being developed for potential biomedical applications. To facilitate such development, it would be valuable to characterize these nanostructures' sub-cellular assembly and localization. However, traditional fluorescent protein fusions are not tolerated by GVs' primary constituent protein, making optical microscopy a challenge. Here, we introduce a method for fluorescently visualizing intracellular GVs using the bioorthogonal label FlAsH, which becomes fluorescent upon binding the six-amino acid tetracysteine (TC) tag. We engineered the GV subunit protein, GvpA, to display the TC tag, and showed that GVs bearing TC-tagged GvpA can be successfully assembled and fluorescently visualized in HEK 293T cells. We used fluorescence images of the tagged GVs to study GV size and distance distributions within these cells. This bioorthogonal labeling approach will enable research to provide a greater understanding of GVs and could be adapted to similar proteinaceous nanostructures.
Language	English
Publishing date	2023-12-01
Publishing country	United States
Document type	Preprint
DOI	10.1101/2023.11.30.569486
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Article ; Online: Identification and characterization of sugar-regulated promoters in Chaetomium thermophilum.

Reislöhner, Sven / Schermann, Geza / Kilian, Max / Santamaría-Muñoz, Daniela / Zimmerli, Christian / Kellner, Nikola / Baßler, Jochen / Brunner, Michael / Hurt, Ed

BMC biotechnology

2023 Volume 23, Issue 1, Page(s) 19

Abstract: ... Saccharomyces cerevisiae. Hence, we aimed to find genes from C. thermophilum that are expressed under the control ... regulated gene expression. To identify sugar-regulated promoters in C. thermophilum, we performed ... we expressed the C. thermophilum orthologue of a well-characterized dominant-negative ribosome assembly factor ...

Abstract	The thermophilic fungus Chaetomium thermophilum has been used extensively for biochemical and high-resolution structural studies of protein complexes. However, subsequent functional analyses of these assemblies have been hindered owing to the lack of genetic tools compatible with this thermophile, which are typically suited to other mesophilic eukaryotic model organisms, in particular the yeast Saccharomyces cerevisiae. Hence, we aimed to find genes from C. thermophilum that are expressed under the control of different sugars and examine their associated 5' untranslated regions as promoters responsible for sugar-regulated gene expression. To identify sugar-regulated promoters in C. thermophilum, we performed comparative xylose- versus glucose-dependent gene expression studies, which uncovered a number of enzymes with induced expression in the presence of xylose but repressed expression in glucose-supplemented media. Subsequently, we cloned the promoters of the two most stringently regulated genes, the xylosidase-like gene (XYL) and xylitol dehydrogenase (XDH), obtained from this genome-wide analysis in front of a thermostable yellow fluorescent protein (YFP) reporter. With this, we demonstrated xylose-dependent YFP expression by both Western blotting and live-cell imaging fluorescence microscopy. Prompted by these results, we expressed the C. thermophilum orthologue of a well-characterized dominant-negative ribosome assembly factor mutant, under the control of the XDH promoter, which allowed us to induce a nuclear export defect on the pre-60S subunit when C. thermophilum cells were grown in xylose- but not glucose-containing medium. Altogether, our study identified xylose-regulatable promoters in C. thermophilum, which might facilitate functional studies of genes of interest in this thermophilic eukaryotic model organism.
MeSH term(s)	Sugars/metabolism ; Xylose/metabolism ; Chaetomium/genetics ; Chaetomium/metabolism ; Saccharomyces cerevisiae/genetics ; Glucose/metabolism
Chemical Substances	Sugars ; Xylose (A1TA934AKO) ; Glucose (IY9XDZ35W2)
Language	English
Publishing date	2023-07-08
Publishing country	England
Document type	Journal Article ; Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't
ZDB-ID	2052746-9
ISSN	1472-6750 ; 1472-6750
ISSN (online)	1472-6750
ISSN	1472-6750
DOI	10.1186/s12896-023-00791-9
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Article ; Online: Neuraminidase inhibitor resistance in influenza: a clinical perspective.

Lee, Nelson / Hurt, Aeron C

Current opinion in infectious diseases

2018 Volume 31, Issue 6, Page(s) 520–526

Abstract: ... in a mix of resistant and wild-type viruses. Recent advances in molecular techniques (e.g. targeted ... susceptibility testing of other NAIs may be required, but non-NAI antivirals (e.g. polymerase inhibitors ...

Abstract	Purpose of review: Neuraminidase inhibitors (NAIs), including oseltamivir, zanamivir, and peramivir, is the main class of antiviral available for clinical use. As such, development of resistance toward these agents is of great clinical and public health concern. Recent findings: At present, NAI resistance remains uncommon among the circulating viruses (oseltamivir <3.5%, zanamivir <1%). Resistance risk is slightly higher in A(H1N1) than A(H3N2) and B viruses. Resistance may emerge during drug exposure, particularly among young children (<5 years), the immunocompromised, and individuals receiving prophylactic regimens. H275Y A(H1N1) variant, showing high-level oseltamivir resistance, is capable of causing outbreaks. R294K A(H7N9) variant shows reduced inhibition across NAIs. Multi-NAI resistance has been reported in the immunocompromised. Summary: These findings highlight the importance of continuous surveillance, and assessment of viral fitness and transmissibility of resistant virus strains. Detection can be challenging, especially in a mix of resistant and wild-type viruses. Recent advances in molecular techniques (e.g. targeted mutation PCR, iART, ddPCR, pyrosequencing, next-generation sequencing) have improved detection and our understanding of viral dynamics. Treatment options available for oseltamivir-resistant viruses are limited, and susceptibility testing of other NAIs may be required, but non-NAI antivirals (e.g. polymerase inhibitors) that are active against these resistant viruses are in late-stage clinical development.
MeSH term(s)	Antiviral Agents/pharmacology ; Antiviral Agents/therapeutic use ; Drug Resistance, Viral ; Enzyme Inhibitors/pharmacology ; Enzyme Inhibitors/therapeutic use ; Humans ; Influenza A virus/drug effects ; Influenza B virus/drug effects ; Influenza, Human/drug therapy ; Neuraminidase/antagonists & inhibitors ; Viral Proteins/antagonists & inhibitors
Chemical Substances	Antiviral Agents ; Enzyme Inhibitors ; Viral Proteins ; Neuraminidase (EC 3.2.1.18)
Language	English
Publishing date	2018-10-23
Publishing country	United States
Document type	Journal Article ; Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't ; Review
ZDB-ID	645085-4
ISSN	1473-6527 ; 1535-3877 ; 0951-7375 ; 1355-834X
ISSN (online)	1473-6527 ; 1535-3877
ISSN	0951-7375 ; 1355-834X
DOI	10.1097/QCO.0000000000000498
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Article ; Online: Development of Dynamic Measures to Assess Balance Confidence and State Anxiety While Walking at Increasing Speeds in Young and Older Adults.

Kongsuk, Jutaluk / Perumean-Chaney, Suzanne E / Knight, David C / Brown, Cynthia J / Amara, Amy W / Hurt, Christopher P

Journal of aging and physical activity

2022 Volume 30, Issue 6, Page(s) 995–1002

Abstract: The purpose of this study was to determine the test-retest reliability and construct validity of tools to assess how balance confidence (BC) and state anxiety (SA) change with progressively increasing walking speeds. Sixteen young adults and 15 older ... ...

Abstract	The purpose of this study was to determine the test-retest reliability and construct validity of tools to assess how balance confidence (BC) and state anxiety (SA) change with progressively increasing walking speeds. Sixteen young adults and 15 older adults attended two sessions. Individuals began walking on a treadmill at 0.4 m/s Participants chose to continue increasing the treadmill speed (up to 2.0 m/s) or to discontinue the protocol while rating their BC and SA after completing each speed. BC at participants' fastest speed attempted demonstrated high and moderate test-retest reliability among young (intraclass correlation coefficient [ICC] = .908) and older adults (ICC = .704). SA for young adults and older adults was good (ICC = .833) and fair (ICC = .490), respectively. Our measures also correlated with measures of dynamic stability while walking for young (r = -.67, p = .008) and older adults (r = .54, p = .046). Our dynamic measures of BC and SA are valid and reliable in young and older adults.
MeSH term(s)	Humans ; Aged ; Reproducibility of Results ; Walking ; Walking Speed ; Exercise Test/methods ; Anxiety
Language	English
Publishing date	2022-03-26
Publishing country	United States
Document type	Journal Article
ISSN	1543-267X
ISSN (online)	1543-267X
DOI	10.1123/japa.2021-0322
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Article ; Online: Infection with different human influenza A subtypes affects the period of susceptibility to secondary bacterial infections in ferrets.

Mifsud, Edin J / Farrukee, Rubaiyea / Hurt, Aeron C / Reading, Patrick C / Barr, Ian G

FEMS microbes

2022 Volume 3, Page(s) xtac011

Abstract: ... bacterial infections (SBIs), which may result in a range of clinical outcomes from relatively mild (e.g. sinusitis and ... otitis media) to severe (e.g. pneumonia and septicaemia). The most common bacterial pathogen associated ...

Abstract	It is well-established that influenza virus infections predispose individuals to secondary bacterial infections (SBIs), which may result in a range of clinical outcomes from relatively mild (e.g. sinusitis and otitis media) to severe (e.g. pneumonia and septicaemia). The most common bacterial pathogen associated with SBI following influenza virus infections is
Language	English
Publishing date	2022-04-29
Publishing country	England
Document type	Journal Article
ISSN	2633-6685
ISSN (online)	2633-6685
DOI	10.1093/femsmc/xtac011
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