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Article ; Online: Strongly acidic gastroesophageal reflux and esophageal lumen pH before and after esophageal lavage with water or two bicarbonate concentrations in anesthetized dogs.

Lotti, Francesco / Boscan, Pedro / Warrit, Kanawee / Twedt, David C

2022 Volume 83, Issue 11

Abstract: Objective: To increase acidic esophageal lumen pH in dogs that developed gastroesophageal reflux (GER) during anesthesia. We compared water and 2 different bicarbonate concentrations.: Animals: 112 healthy, nonbrachycephalic dogs presented for ... ...

Abstract	Objective: To increase acidic esophageal lumen pH in dogs that developed gastroesophageal reflux (GER) during anesthesia. We compared water and 2 different bicarbonate concentrations. Animals: 112 healthy, nonbrachycephalic dogs presented for ovariectomy. Procedures: Following standard anesthesia and surgery protocols for ovariectomy in all dogs, esophageal lumen impedance and pH were monitored using a dedicated probe. Esophageal impedance indicates the presence of GER whereas pH indicates the acidity level. Dogs with strongly acidic GER and an esophageal lumen pH value < 4.0 were included in the study, and lavage was performed with either tap water, bicarbonate 1%, or bicarbonate 2% until the pH increased to > 4.0. The effect of lavage on esophageal pH was compared using the Kruskal-Wallis and Wilcoxon 2 sample tests. Associations between lavage and pH changes were determined. Results: Of 48/112 dogs with strongly acidic GER, 33% neutralized their esophageal pH during surgery. For the 32 dogs that maintained an esophageal lumen pH value < 4, esophageal lavage with water increased the lumen pH to > 4 in 78.6% of dogs, whereas both bicarbonate concentrations increased it in 100% of the dogs to a more neutral pH (P < .0001). The dogs in the water group were more likely to regurgitate after anesthesia (36% vs 0% in both bicarbonate groups, P = .028). Clinical relevance: Bicarbonate 1% and 2% increased esophageal lumen pH to more than 4 after strongly acidic GER. Lavage with water was mildly effective, but required large volumes and predisposed to further regurgitation after anesthesia.
MeSH term(s)	Female ; Dogs ; Animals ; Bicarbonates ; Therapeutic Irrigation/veterinary ; Water ; Gastroesophageal Reflux/etiology ; Gastroesophageal Reflux/veterinary ; Hydrogen-Ion Concentration ; Dog Diseases
Chemical Substances	Bicarbonates ; Water (059QF0KO0R)
Language	English
Publishing date	2022-09-08
Publishing country	United States
Document type	Journal Article
ZDB-ID	390796-x
ISSN	1943-5681 ; 0002-9645
ISSN (online)	1943-5681
ISSN	0002-9645
DOI	10.2460/ajvr.22.05.0081
Database	MEDical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System OnLINE

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Article ; Online: Effects of morphine on histamine release from two cell lines of canine mast cell tumor and on plasma histamine concentrations in dogs with cutaneous mast cell tumor.

Curley, Taylor L / Thamm, Douglas H / Johnson, Sam W / Boscan, Pedro

American journal of veterinary research

2021 Volume 82, Issue 12, Page(s) 1013–1018

Abstract: Objective: To determine the effects of morphine on histamine release from 2 canine mast cell tumor (MCT) cell lines and on plasma histamine concentrations in dogs with cutaneous MCTs.: Animals: 10 dogs with cutaneous MCT and 10 dogs with soft tissue ... ...

Abstract	Objective: To determine the effects of morphine on histamine release from 2 canine mast cell tumor (MCT) cell lines and on plasma histamine concentrations in dogs with cutaneous MCTs. Animals: 10 dogs with cutaneous MCT and 10 dogs with soft tissue sarcoma (STS). Procedures: The study consisted of 2 phases. First, 2 canine MCT cell lines were exposed to 3 pharmacologically relevant morphine concentrations, and histamine concentrations were determined by an ELISA. Second, dogs with MCT or STS received 0.5 mg of morphine/kg, IM, before surgery for tumor excision. Clinical signs, respiratory rate, heart rate, arterial blood pressure, rectal temperature, and plasma histamine concentrations were recorded before and 5, 15, 30, and 60 minutes after morphine administration but prior to surgery. Data were compared by use of a 2-way ANOVA with the Sidak multiple comparisons test. Results: In the first phase, canine MCT cell lines did not release histamine when exposed to pharmacologically relevant morphine concentrations. In the second phase, no differences were noted for heart rate, arterial blood pressure, and rectal temperature between MCT and STS groups. Plasma histamine concentrations did not significantly differ over time within groups and between groups. Conclusions and clinical relevance: No significant changes in histamine concentrations were noted for both in vitro and in vivo study phases, and no hemodynamic changes were noted for the in vivo study phase. These preliminary results suggested that morphine may be used safely in some dogs with MCT.
MeSH term(s)	Animals ; Cell Line ; Dog Diseases/drug therapy ; Dogs ; Histamine ; Histamine Release ; Mast Cells ; Morphine ; Neoplasms/veterinary
Chemical Substances	Morphine (76I7G6D29C) ; Histamine (820484N8I3)
Language	English
Publishing date	2021-11-26
Publishing country	United States
Document type	Journal Article
ZDB-ID	390796-x
ISSN	1943-5681 ; 0002-9645
ISSN (online)	1943-5681
ISSN	0002-9645
DOI	10.2460/ajvr.20.08.0137
Database	MEDical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System OnLINE

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Article ; Online: Comparison of ultrasound-guided lumbar plexus and sciatic nerve blocks with ropivacaine and sham blocks with saline on perianesthetic analgesia and recovery in dogs undergoing tibial plateau leveling osteotomy surgery.

Warrit, Kanawee / Griffenhagen, Gregg / Goh, Clara / Boscan, Pedro

Veterinary anaesthesia and analgesia

2019 Volume 46, Issue 5, Page(s) 673–681

Abstract: Objective: To assess the effects of ultrasound-guided lumbar plexus and sciatic nerve blocks on perianesthetic analgesia and recovery quality in dogs undergoing tibial plateau leveling osteotomy (TPLO).: Animals: A group of twenty 20 dogs.: Study ... ...

Abstract	Objective: To assess the effects of ultrasound-guided lumbar plexus and sciatic nerve blocks on perianesthetic analgesia and recovery quality in dogs undergoing tibial plateau leveling osteotomy (TPLO). Animals: A group of twenty 20 dogs. Study design: Prospective, randomized, blinded, clinical study. Methods: Dogs were administered lumbar plexus and sciatic nerve blocks with ropivacaine (1.5 mg kg Results: Time to perform nerve blocks was [median (range)] 4.3 (2.6-6.1) minutes after aseptic skin preparation. Total fentanyl requirements were 14.2 ± 9 μg kg Conclusion and clinical relevance: As part of a multimodal analgesia regimen, ultrasound-guided lumbar plexus and sciatic nerve blocks provided greater analgesia and improved recovery quality in dogs during TPLO surgery.
MeSH term(s)	Anesthetics, Local/administration & dosage ; Anesthetics, Local/therapeutic use ; Animals ; Dogs/physiology ; Dogs/surgery ; Female ; Lumbosacral Plexus ; Male ; Nerve Block/veterinary ; Osteotomy/veterinary ; Pain, Postoperative/prevention & control ; Pain, Postoperative/veterinary ; Prospective Studies ; Ropivacaine/administration & dosage ; Ropivacaine/therapeutic use ; Sciatic Nerve ; Single-Blind Method ; Stifle/surgery ; Ultrasonography, Interventional/veterinary
Chemical Substances	Anesthetics, Local ; Ropivacaine (7IO5LYA57N)
Language	English
Publishing date	2019-06-12
Publishing country	United States
Document type	Journal Article ; Randomized Controlled Trial, Veterinary
ZDB-ID	2020582-X
ISSN	1467-2995 ; 1467-2987
ISSN (online)	1467-2995
ISSN	1467-2987
DOI	10.1016/j.vaa.2019.05.010
Database	MEDical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System OnLINE

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Article ; Online: Financial impact of ultrasound-guided lumbar plexus and sciatic nerve blocks with electrostimulation for tibial plateau leveling osteotomy surgery in dogs.

Warrit, Kanawee / Griffenhagen, Gregg / Goh, Clara / Boscan, Pedro

Veterinary anaesthesia and analgesia

2019 Volume 46, Issue 5, Page(s) 682–688

Abstract: Objective: To determine the anesthesia cost from ultrasound-guided lumbar plexus and sciatic nerve blocks confirmed with electrostimulation for unilateral tibial plateau leveling osteotomy (TPLO) surgery in dogs.: Study design: Prospective, ... ...

Abstract	Objective: To determine the anesthesia cost from ultrasound-guided lumbar plexus and sciatic nerve blocks confirmed with electrostimulation for unilateral tibial plateau leveling osteotomy (TPLO) surgery in dogs. Study design: Prospective, randomized, blinded clinical trial. Animals: A group of 20 dogs weighing 33.9 ± 6.0 kg (mean ± standard deviation). Methods: All dogs were administered hydromorphone and atropine, propofol for induction of anesthesia and isoflurane for maintenance. Hydromorphone and carprofen were administered for recovery. The dogs were randomly assigned to one of two groups, lumbar plexus and sciatic nerve blocks with ropivacaine [regional anesthesia (RA)] or sham blocks with saline [control (CON)]. Fentanyl was administered for rescue analgesia intraoperatively and postoperatively. The cost to manage anesthesia was divided into fixed and variable costs using the micro-costing method. The variable costs were compared using Student's t test or Mann-Whitney U test. Results: The fixed anesthesia costs were equal between groups at US$354.00 per case. The variable anesthesia cost range was US$27.90-100.10 for RA and US$21.00-180.50 for CON. Overall, cost per dog in CON was from -US$6.9 to US$80.4 compared with RA. For 160 TPLO cases per year, hospital cost when RA is performed decreased the cost by $12,864 per year up to increased cost by $1104 per year, depending on the requirements for systemic drugs and incidence/severity of anesthesia complications. The estimated fee charge per case for service necessary to reimburse the cost of a new ultrasound (US$25,000.00) and nerve locator (US$925.00) over their life span of 6 and 10 years, respectively, is US$26.62. Conclusions and clinical relevance: Ultrasound-guided lumbar plexus and sciatic nerve blocks with electrostimulation confirmation can increase the anesthesia cost through use of specific equipment. However, in most cases, the anesthesia cost decreased as a result of decreased costs for pain management and treatment of complications.
MeSH term(s)	Anesthetics, Local/administration & dosage ; Anesthetics, Local/therapeutic use ; Animals ; Colorado ; Combined Modality Therapy/economics ; Combined Modality Therapy/veterinary ; Cost-Benefit Analysis ; Dogs/physiology ; Dogs/surgery ; Electric Stimulation Therapy/economics ; Electric Stimulation Therapy/veterinary ; Female ; Lumbosacral Plexus ; Male ; Nerve Block/economics ; Nerve Block/veterinary ; Osteotomy/veterinary ; Pain, Postoperative/prevention & control ; Pain, Postoperative/veterinary ; Prospective Studies ; Ropivacaine/administration & dosage ; Ropivacaine/therapeutic use ; Sciatic Nerve ; Single-Blind Method ; Stifle/surgery ; Ultrasonography, Interventional/economics ; Ultrasonography, Interventional/veterinary
Chemical Substances	Anesthetics, Local ; Ropivacaine (7IO5LYA57N)
Language	English
Publishing date	2019-06-13
Publishing country	United States
Document type	Journal Article ; Randomized Controlled Trial, Veterinary
ZDB-ID	2020582-X
ISSN	1467-2995 ; 1467-2987
ISSN (online)	1467-2995
ISSN	1467-2987
DOI	10.1016/j.vaa.2019.04.008
Database	MEDical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System OnLINE

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Article: Computed Tomography Analysis of the Feline Infraorbital Foramen and Canal.

Davis, Lily V / Hoyer, Naomi K / Boscan, Pedro / Rao, Sangeeta / Rawlinson, Jennifer E

Frontiers in veterinary science

2021 Volume 7, Page(s) 619248

Abstract: Feline skull anatomic variation is plain to see with casual observation. Obtaining an in-depth understanding of this anatomic variability is critical to performing safe and effective regional anesthesia for dental procedures and maxillofacial surgeries. ... ...

Abstract	Feline skull anatomic variation is plain to see with casual observation. Obtaining an in-depth understanding of this anatomic variability is critical to performing safe and effective regional anesthesia for dental procedures and maxillofacial surgeries. Maxillofacial anatomic variability is proven to impact the placement and efficacy of nerve blocks in dogs and horses, but similar studies have not been performed in cats. This study's main objective was to evaluate the anatomy of the infraorbital foramen and canal in relation to regional anatomic landmarks in brachycephalic and mesaticephalic cats. Significant anatomic variability was identified, particularly among cats with brachycephalic skulls.
Language	English
Publishing date	2021-01-27
Publishing country	Switzerland
Document type	Journal Article
ZDB-ID	2834243-4
ISSN	2297-1769
ISSN	2297-1769
DOI	10.3389/fvets.2020.619248
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Article: Cadaveric Evaluation of Injectate Distribution for Two Maxillary Nerve Block Techniques in Cats.

Davis, Lily V / Hoyer, Naomi K / Boscan, Pedro / Rao, Sangeeta / Rawlinson, Jennifer E

Frontiers in veterinary science

2021 Volume 8, Page(s) 619244

Abstract: Regional nerve blocks have been shown to decrease general anesthetic drug requirements and improve pain management in patients undergoing surgery. Regional nerve blocks are used routinely in patients undergoing oral surgery, such as dental extractions. ... ...

Abstract	Regional nerve blocks have been shown to decrease general anesthetic drug requirements and improve pain management in patients undergoing surgery. Regional nerve blocks are used routinely in patients undergoing oral surgery, such as dental extractions. There is little published information regarding the efficacy of feline maxillary and infraorbital nerve blocks. The goal of the study was to compare injectate distributions of the infraorbital foramen and percutaneous maxillary nerve block techniques in feline cadavers using a combined dye and radiopaque contrast media solution to simulate an injection. There was no significant difference in length of stained nerve between the two different techniques. It was not necessary to advance the needle into the infraorbital canal to achieve effective staining of the maxillary nerve. There was no significant difference in injectate distribution between two different injectate volumes, 0.2 and 0.4 ml, indicating that the smaller volume injected at the infraorbital foramen resulted in adequate nerve staining.
Language	English
Publishing date	2021-02-22
Publishing country	Switzerland
Document type	Journal Article
ZDB-ID	2834243-4
ISSN	2297-1769
ISSN	2297-1769
DOI	10.3389/fvets.2021.619244
Database	MEDical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System OnLINE

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Article: Evaluating Femoral-Sciatic Nerve Blocks, Epidural Analgesia, and No Use of Regional Analgesia in Dogs Undergoing Tibia-Plateau-Leveling-Osteotomy.

Boscan, Pedro / Wennogle, Sara

Journal of the American Animal Hospital Association

2016 Volume 52, Issue 2, Page(s) 102–108

Abstract: This is a retrospective study evaluating femoral-sciatic nerve blocks (FSBs), epidural analgesia, and non-regional analgesia (NRA) in dogs undergoing tibia-plateau-leveling-osteotomy surgery. Thirty-five records met the criteria for each of the FSB and ... ...

Abstract	This is a retrospective study evaluating femoral-sciatic nerve blocks (FSBs), epidural analgesia, and non-regional analgesia (NRA) in dogs undergoing tibia-plateau-leveling-osteotomy surgery. Thirty-five records met the criteria for each of the FSB and epidural analgesia groups. Seventeen anesthesia records met the criteria for the NRA or control group. The parameters reported were: isoflurane vaporizer setting, rescue analgesia/anesthesia drugs received, heart rate, systolic blood pressure, and recovery quality (0-4, with 0 being poor and 4 being good). Rescue analgesia-anesthesia during surgery was performed with either fentanyl, ketamine, or propofol. A larger percentage of dogs in the NRA group required rescue analgesia during surgery. The FSB group had a higher recovery quality with median (95% confidence interval of four (±0.3) when compared to two (±0.8) in NRA (p < 0.01). No difference between groups was observed on any other parameter reported. As part of a multimodal analgesia approach for tibia-plateau-leveling-osteotomy surgery, the use of femoral and sciatic nerves blocks with bupivacaine appears to be an alternative technique to help with analgesia and anesthesia during surgery.
MeSH term(s)	Analgesia, Epidural/veterinary ; Animals ; Bone Plates/veterinary ; Dog Diseases/surgery ; Dogs ; Female ; Intraoperative Care/veterinary ; Male ; Nerve Block/veterinary ; Osteotomy/veterinary ; Pain, Postoperative/prevention & control ; Pain, Postoperative/veterinary ; Retrospective Studies ; Sciatic Nerve/drug effects ; Tibia/surgery
Language	English
Publishing date	2016-03
Publishing country	United States
Document type	Journal Article ; Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't
ZDB-ID	410383-x
ISSN	1547-3317 ; 0587-2871 ; 1062-8266
ISSN (online)	1547-3317
ISSN	0587-2871 ; 1062-8266
DOI	10.5326/JAAHA-MS-6278
Database	MEDical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System OnLINE

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Zs.A 4255: Show issues

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ab Jg. 2022: Lesesaal (EG)

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Article ; Online: Computed Tomography Analysis of the Feline Infraorbital Foramen and Canal

Lily V. Davis / Naomi K. Hoyer / Pedro Boscan / Sangeeta Rao / Jennifer E. Rawlinson

Frontiers in Veterinary Science, Vol

2021 Volume 7

Abstract	Feline skull anatomic variation is plain to see with casual observation. Obtaining an in-depth understanding of this anatomic variability is critical to performing safe and effective regional anesthesia for dental procedures and maxillofacial surgeries. Maxillofacial anatomic variability is proven to impact the placement and efficacy of nerve blocks in dogs and horses, but similar studies have not been performed in cats. This study's main objective was to evaluate the anatomy of the infraorbital foramen and canal in relation to regional anatomic landmarks in brachycephalic and mesaticephalic cats. Significant anatomic variability was identified, particularly among cats with brachycephalic skulls.
Keywords	computed tomography ; feline ; infraorbital canal ; maxillary nerve block ; regional anesthesia ; Veterinary medicine ; SF600-1100
Language	English
Publishing date	2021-01-01T00:00:00Z
Publisher	Frontiers Media S.A.
Document type	Article ; Online
Database	BASE - Bielefeld Academic Search Engine (life sciences selection)

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Article ; Online: Cadaveric Evaluation of Injectate Distribution for Two Maxillary Nerve Block Techniques in Cats

Lily V. Davis / Naomi K. Hoyer / Pedro Boscan / Sangeeta Rao / Jennifer E. Rawlinson

Frontiers in Veterinary Science, Vol

2021 Volume 8

Abstract	Regional nerve blocks have been shown to decrease general anesthetic drug requirements and improve pain management in patients undergoing surgery. Regional nerve blocks are used routinely in patients undergoing oral surgery, such as dental extractions. There is little published information regarding the efficacy of feline maxillary and infraorbital nerve blocks. The goal of the study was to compare injectate distributions of the infraorbital foramen and percutaneous maxillary nerve block techniques in feline cadavers using a combined dye and radiopaque contrast media solution to simulate an injection. There was no significant difference in length of stained nerve between the two different techniques. It was not necessary to advance the needle into the infraorbital canal to achieve effective staining of the maxillary nerve. There was no significant difference in injectate distribution between two different injectate volumes, 0.2 and 0.4 ml, indicating that the smaller volume injected at the infraorbital foramen resulted in adequate nerve staining.
Keywords	maxillary nerve ; cats ; infraorbital approach ; percutaneous approach ; regional anesthesia ; Veterinary medicine ; SF600-1100
Subject code	616
Language	English
Publishing date	2021-02-01T00:00:00Z
Publisher	Frontiers Media S.A.
Document type	Article ; Online
Database	BASE - Bielefeld Academic Search Engine (life sciences selection)

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Article ; Online: Use of maropitant for pain management in domestic rabbits (Oryctolagus cuniculus) undergoing elective orchiectomy or ovariohysterectomy

Roeder, Megan / Boscan, Pedro / Rao, Sangeeta / Proença, Laila / Guerrera, William / Grayck, Maya / Gish, Megan / Sullivan, Michelle N. / Sadar, Miranda J.

Journal of Exotic Pet Medicine. 2023 July 19,

2023

Abstract: Pain control is a challenge in domestic rabbits (Oryctolagus cuniculus). The objective of this study was to describe the effect of maropitant on pain scores, food intake, and fecal output in domestic rabbits following elective orchiectomy or ... ...

Abstract	Pain control is a challenge in domestic rabbits (Oryctolagus cuniculus). The objective of this study was to describe the effect of maropitant on pain scores, food intake, and fecal output in domestic rabbits following elective orchiectomy or ovariohysterectomy. Rabbits that underwent orchiectomy or ovariohysterectomy at three institutions were randomly assigned to one of three treatment groups: low-dose maropitant (2 mg/kg SC once), high-dose maropitant (10 mg/kg SC once), and control (1mL/kg saline SC once). Rabbits were monitored using video surveillance post-operatively. Pain scores were assessed by three blinded observers, and results were grouped into time frames after surgery. Food intake and fecal output were measured until discharge. There were no local side effects with maropitant administration. There were no statistically significant differences between groups with regard to pain behaviors. An inverse trend was noted between increasing maropitant dosage versus food intake and fecal output, which was not statistically significant. Maropitant at 2 mg/kg SC and at 10 mg/kg SC failed to significantly reduce pain when compared to control group.
Keywords	Oryctolagus cuniculus ; castration ; food intake ; medicine ; pain ; pets ; spaying ; video recording ; Analgesia ; behavior ; facial grimace score ; rabbit ; surgery ; IOne ; ITwo ; IThree
Language	English
Dates of publication	2023-0719
Publishing place	Elsevier Inc.
Document type	Article ; Online
Note	Pre-press version
ZDB-ID	2228614-7
ISSN	1557-5063
ISSN	1557-5063
DOI	10.1053/j.jepm.2023.07.001
Database	NAL-Catalogue (AGRICOLA)

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