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  1. Article ; Online: "My Goal is…to get Through the Day Without Pain": A Qualitative Study on Chronic Pain Experiences and Treatment Needs Among Child Caregiving Women.

    Caton, Lauren / Short, Nicole / Goetzinger, Amy / Chidgey, Brooke / Austin, Anna

    Maternal and child health journal

    2024  

    Abstract: Introduction: We aimed to understand connections between pain, caregiving, physical and behavioral health treatment needs, and motivations for prescription opioid use among child caregiving women with chronic pain.: Methods: We conducted in-depth, ... ...

    Abstract Introduction: We aimed to understand connections between pain, caregiving, physical and behavioral health treatment needs, and motivations for prescription opioid use among child caregiving women with chronic pain.
    Methods: We conducted in-depth, semi-structured interviews with 12 women (average age 48 years; 58% Black) in child caregiving roles, including women who were pregnant or trying to become pregnant and were caring for children or grandchildren < 18 years, and who received treatment at an outpatient pain management clinic. We used thematic text analysis to identify qualitative themes related to caregiving, pain, treatment, substance use, coping strategies, and sources of support.
    Results: A diverse sample of women reported high levels of stress and pain, substance use, interpersonal violence, depression, and financial strain. Most described difficulties at work, interacting with children or grandchildren, and engaging routine, daily activities due to their pain. Most indicated that they spent less time with family and friends due to their pain and had limited sources of support to help them navigate both caregiving and pain. Many described barriers to receiving appropriate healthcare, including prescription opioids, due to stigma or logistics, though most also reported positive healthcare experiences. Women also reported added daily-life, physical, mental health, and interpersonal stressors and difficulty navigating the healthcare system to receive needed care.
    Discussion: For women with chronic pain in child caregiver roles, results highlight the importance of care tailored to the physical needs of child caregiving and of trauma-informed approaches given the prevalence of comorbid conditions and trauma.
    Language English
    Publishing date 2024-02-24
    Publishing country United States
    Document type Journal Article
    ZDB-ID 1339905-6
    ISSN 1573-6628 ; 1092-7875
    ISSN (online) 1573-6628
    ISSN 1092-7875
    DOI 10.1007/s10995-024-03915-5
    Database MEDical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System OnLINE

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  2. Article ; Online: Reply to: Comment on: The association between neurohormonal therapy and mortality in older adults with HFrEF.

    Gilstrap, Lauren / Austin, Andrea M / Gladders, Barbara / Goyal, Parag / O'Malley, James / Barnato, Amber / Tosteson, Anna N A / Skinner, Jonathan S

    Journal of the American Geriatrics Society

    2021  Volume 70, Issue 1, Page(s) 306–307

    MeSH term(s) Aged ; Heart Failure ; Humans ; Stroke Volume
    Language English
    Publishing date 2021-10-09
    Publishing country United States
    Document type Letter ; Research Support, N.I.H., Extramural ; Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't ; Comment
    ZDB-ID 80363-7
    ISSN 1532-5415 ; 0002-8614
    ISSN (online) 1532-5415
    ISSN 0002-8614
    DOI 10.1111/jgs.17488
    Database MEDical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System OnLINE

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  3. Article ; Online: High-quality fossil dates support a synchronous, Late Holocene extinction of devils and thylacines in mainland Australia.

    White, Lauren C / Saltré, Frédérik / Bradshaw, Corey J A / Austin, Jeremy J

    Biology letters

    2018  Volume 14, Issue 1

    Abstract: The last large marsupial carnivores-the Tasmanian devil ( ...

    Abstract The last large marsupial carnivores-the Tasmanian devil (
    MeSH term(s) Animals ; Australia ; Extinction, Biological ; Fossils ; Marsupialia/physiology ; Time
    Language English
    Publishing date 2018-01-17
    Publishing country England
    Document type Journal Article ; Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't
    ZDB-ID 2135022-X
    ISSN 1744-957X ; 1744-9561
    ISSN (online) 1744-957X
    ISSN 1744-9561
    DOI 10.1098/rsbl.2017.0642
    Database MEDical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System OnLINE

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  4. Article: Evaluating the Healing Potential of J-Plasma Scalpel-Created Surgical Incisions in Porcine and Rat Models.

    Elmore, Lilith / Minissale, Nicholas J / Israel, Lauren / Katz, Zoe / Safran, Jordan / Barba, Adriana / Austin, Luke / Schaer, Thomas P / Freeman, Theresa A

    Biomedicines

    2024  Volume 12, Issue 2

    Abstract: Cold atmospheric plasma devices generate reactive oxygen and nitrogen species that can be anti-microbial but also promote cell migration, differentiation, and tissue wound healing. This report investigates the healing of surgical incisions created using ... ...

    Abstract Cold atmospheric plasma devices generate reactive oxygen and nitrogen species that can be anti-microbial but also promote cell migration, differentiation, and tissue wound healing. This report investigates the healing of surgical incisions created using cold plasma generated by the J-Plasma scalpel (Precise Open handpiece, Apyx Medical, Inc.) compared to a steel scalpel in in vivo porcine and rat models. The J-Plasma scalpel is currently FDA approved for the delivery of helium plasma to cut, coagulate, and ablate soft tissue during surgical procedures. To our knowledge, this device has not been studied in creating surgical incisions but only during deeper dissection and hemostasis. External macroscopic and histologic grading by blinded reviewers revealed no significant difference in wound healing appearance or physiology in incisions created using the plasma scalpel as compared with a steel blade scalpel. Incisions created with the plasma scalpel also had superior hemostasis and a reduction in tissue and blood carryover. Scanning electron microscopy (SEM) and histology showed collagen fibril fusion occurred as the plasma scalpel incised through the tissue, contributing to a sealing effect. In addition, when bacteria were injected into the dermis before incision, the plasma scalpel disrupted the bacterial membrane as visualized in SEM images. External macroscopic and histologic grading by blinded reviewers revealed no significant difference in wound healing appearance or physiology. Based on these results, we propose additional studies to clinically evaluate the use of cold plasma in applications requiring hemostasis or when an increased likelihood of subdermal pathogen leakage could cause surgical site infection (i.e., sites with increased hair follicles).
    Language English
    Publishing date 2024-01-25
    Publishing country Switzerland
    Document type Journal Article
    ZDB-ID 2720867-9
    ISSN 2227-9059
    ISSN 2227-9059
    DOI 10.3390/biomedicines12020277
    Database MEDical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System OnLINE

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  5. Article ; Online: The association between neurohormonal therapy and mortality in older adults with heart failure with reduced ejection fraction.

    Gilstrap, Lauren / Austin, Andrea M / Gladders, Barbara / Goyal, Parag / O'Malley, A James / Barnato, Amber / Tosteson, Anna N A / Skinner, Jonathan S

    Journal of the American Geriatrics Society

    2021  Volume 69, Issue 10, Page(s) 2811–2820

    Abstract: Background/objectives: Neurohormonal therapy, which includes beta-blockers and angiotensin-converting enzyme inhibitor/angiotensin receptor blockers (ACEi/ARBs), is the cornerstone of heart failure with reduced ejection fraction (HFrEF) treatment. While ...

    Abstract Background/objectives: Neurohormonal therapy, which includes beta-blockers and angiotensin-converting enzyme inhibitor/angiotensin receptor blockers (ACEi/ARBs), is the cornerstone of heart failure with reduced ejection fraction (HFrEF) treatment. While neurohormonal therapies have demonstrated efficacy in randomized clinical trials, older patients, which now comprise the majority of HFrEF patients, were underrepresented in those original trials. This study aimed to determine the association between short- (30 day) and long-term (1 year) mortality and the use of neurohormonal therapy in HFrEF patients, across the age spectrum.
    Design/setting/participants: This is a population-based, retrospective, cohort study between January 2008 and December 2015. We used 100% Medicare Parts A and B and a random 40% sample of Part D to create a cohort of 295,494 fee-for-service beneficiaries with at least one hospitalization for HFrEF between 2008 and 2015. All analyses were performed between May 2019 and July 2020.
    Exposure: We used Part D data to determine exposure to beta-blocker and ACEi and ARB therapy.
    Results: We found that in 295,494 patients admitted for HFrEF between 2008 and 2015, the average age was 80 years, 54% were female and 17% were non-white. The baseline mortality rate was higher among those aged ≥85, but the mortality benefits of neurohormonal therapy were preserved across the age spectrum. Among those ≥85 years old, the hazard ratio for death within 30 days was 0.59 (95% confidence interval [CI] 0.56-0.62; p < 0.001) for beta-blockers and 0.47 (95% CI 0.44-0.49; p < 0.001) for ACEi/ARBs. The hazard ratio for death within 1 year was 0.37-0.56 (95% CI 0.35-0.58; p < 0.001) for beta-blockers and 0.38-0.53 (95% CI 0.37-0.55; p < 0.001) for ACEi/ARB.
    Conclusion: At a population level, neurohormonal therapy was associated with lower short- and long-term mortality across the age spectrum.
    MeSH term(s) Adrenergic beta-Antagonists/therapeutic use ; Aged ; Aged, 80 and over ; Angiotensin Receptor Antagonists/therapeutic use ; Angiotensin-Converting Enzyme Inhibitors/therapeutic use ; Female ; Heart Failure/drug therapy ; Heart Failure/mortality ; Hospitalization/statistics & numerical data ; Humans ; Male ; Medicare/statistics & numerical data ; Proportional Hazards Models ; Retrospective Studies ; Stroke Volume ; Time Factors ; Treatment Outcome ; United States
    Chemical Substances Adrenergic beta-Antagonists ; Angiotensin Receptor Antagonists ; Angiotensin-Converting Enzyme Inhibitors
    Language English
    Publishing date 2021-06-15
    Publishing country United States
    Document type Journal Article ; Research Support, N.I.H., Extramural ; Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't
    ZDB-ID 80363-7
    ISSN 1532-5415 ; 0002-8614
    ISSN (online) 1532-5415
    ISSN 0002-8614
    DOI 10.1111/jgs.17310
    Database MEDical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System OnLINE

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  6. Article: Delivery of Online Adaptive MRI-Guided Radiation Therapy for a Deaf Patient.

    Linkowski, Lauren C / Sim, Austin J / Redler, Gage / Brohl, Andrew S / Rosenberg, Stephen A / Wuthrick, Evan J

    Cureus

    2022  Volume 14, Issue 8, Page(s) e27558

    Abstract: MRI-guided radiation therapy (MRgRT) enables real-time imaging during treatment and daily online adaptive planning. It is particularly useful for areas of treatment that have been previously excluded or restricted from ablative doses due to potential ... ...

    Abstract MRI-guided radiation therapy (MRgRT) enables real-time imaging during treatment and daily online adaptive planning. It is particularly useful for areas of treatment that have been previously excluded or restricted from ablative doses due to potential damage to adjacent normal tissue. In certain cases, ablative doses to metastatic lesions may be justified and treated with MRgRT using video-assisted gated breath-hold adjustments throughout delivery. The workflow relies on patient biofeedback and auditory cues. A 74-year-old deaf male with a history of prostate cancer status post prostatectomy was found to have an enlarged cervical lymph node, which was excised with histopathology demonstrating Merkel cell carcinoma. Approximately one year after treatment with two cycles of pembrolizumab, which was subsequently discontinued due to toxicity, surveillance imaging demonstrated an enlarging left adrenal nodule. It was initially stable for an additional seven months with pembrolizumab rechallenge but was again found enlarged on subsequent imaging. The patient underwent MRg stereotactic body radiation therapy (MRgSBRT) to a total dose of 60 Gy in five fractions to this isolated site of progression. The patient was equipped with mirrored glasses to view the tracking structure with respect to gating the boundary structure, and the traditional reliance on verbal cues for coaching was reimagined to rely on visual cues instead. Follow-up positron emission tomography/CT (PET/CT) two weeks after treatment demonstrated interval resolution of the left adrenal metastatic nodule and a return to symmetric bilateral adrenal gland metabolic activity. The necessary MRgSBRT treatment for single metastatic lesions near normal tissue structures relies on verbal cues and coaching. However, deaf patients are unable to receive this treatment according to the traditional workflow model. Unique opportunities exist for the implementation of culturally competent care for the Deaf community, relying more heavily on visual cues, in radiation oncology practice.
    Language English
    Publishing date 2022-08-01
    Publishing country United States
    Document type Case Reports
    ZDB-ID 2747273-5
    ISSN 2168-8184
    ISSN 2168-8184
    DOI 10.7759/cureus.27558
    Database MEDical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System OnLINE

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  7. Article ; Online: Definitive Screening Designs to Optimize Library-Free DIA-MS Identification and Quantification of Neuropeptides.

    Phetsanthad, Ashley / Carr, Austin V / Fields, Lauren / Li, Lingjun

    Journal of proteome research

    2023  Volume 22, Issue 5, Page(s) 1510–1519

    Abstract: Method optimization is crucial for successful mass spectrometry (MS) analysis. However, extensive method assessments, altering various parameters individually, are rarely performed due to practical limitations regarding time and sample quantity. To ... ...

    Abstract Method optimization is crucial for successful mass spectrometry (MS) analysis. However, extensive method assessments, altering various parameters individually, are rarely performed due to practical limitations regarding time and sample quantity. To maximize sample space for optimization while maintaining reasonable instrumentation requirements, a definitive screening design (DSD) is leveraged for systematic optimization of data-independent acquisition (DIA) parameters to maximize crustacean neuropeptide identifications. While DSDs require several injections, a library-free methodology enables surrogate sample usage for comprehensive optimization of MS parameters to assess biomolecules from limited samples. We identified several parameters contributing significant first- or second-order effects to method performance, and the DSD model predicted ideal values to implement. These increased reproducibility and detection capabilities enabled the identification of 461 peptides, compared to 375 and 262 peptides identified through data-dependent acquisition (DDA) and a published DIA method for crustacean neuropeptides, respectively. Herein, we demonstrate a DSD optimization workflow, using standard material, not reliant on spectral libraries for the analysis of any low abundance molecules from previous samples of limited availability. This extends the DIA method to low abundance isoforms dysregulated or only detectable in disease samples, thus improving characterization of previously inaccessible biomolecules, such as neuropeptides. Data are available via ProteomeXchange with identifier PXD038520.
    MeSH term(s) Proteomics/methods ; Reproducibility of Results ; Mass Spectrometry/methods ; Peptides/analysis ; Neuropeptides ; Proteome/analysis
    Chemical Substances Peptides ; Neuropeptides ; Proteome
    Language English
    Publishing date 2023-03-15
    Publishing country United States
    Document type Journal Article ; Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't ; Research Support, U.S. Gov't, Non-P.H.S. ; Research Support, N.I.H., Extramural
    ZDB-ID 2078618-9
    ISSN 1535-3907 ; 1535-3893
    ISSN (online) 1535-3907
    ISSN 1535-3893
    DOI 10.1021/acs.jproteome.3c00088
    Database MEDical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System OnLINE

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  8. Article ; Online: Characterization of humoral and cell-mediated immunity induced by mRNA vaccines expressing influenza hemagglutinin stem and nucleoprotein in mice and nonhuman primates.

    Flynn, Jessica A / Weber, Teresa / Cejas, Pedro J / Cox, Kara S / Touch, Sinoeun / Austin, Lauren A / Ou, Yangsi / Citron, Michael P / Luo, Bin / Gindy, Marian E / Bahl, Kapil / Ciaramella, Giuseppe / Espeseth, Amy S / Zhang, Lan

    Vaccine

    2022  Volume 40, Issue 32, Page(s) 4412–4423

    Abstract: In response to immune pressure, influenza viruses evolve, producing drifted variants capable of escaping immune recognition. One strategy for inducing a broad-spectrum immune response capable of recognizing multiple antigenically diverse strains is to ... ...

    Abstract In response to immune pressure, influenza viruses evolve, producing drifted variants capable of escaping immune recognition. One strategy for inducing a broad-spectrum immune response capable of recognizing multiple antigenically diverse strains is to target conserved proteins or protein domains. To that end, we assessed the efficacy and immunogenicity of mRNA vaccines encoding either the conserved stem domain of a group 1 hemagglutinin (HA), a group 2 nucleoprotein (NP), or a combination of the two antigens in mice, as well as evaluated immunogenicity in naïve and influenza seropositive nonhuman primates (NHPs). HA stem-immunized animals developed a robust anti-stem antibody binding titer, and serum antibodies recognized antigenically distinct group 1 HA proteins. These antibodies showed little to no neutralizing activity in vitro but were active in an assay measuring induction of antibody-dependent cellular cytotoxicity. HA-directed cell-mediated immunity was weak following HA stem mRNA vaccination; however, robust CD4 and CD8 T cell responses were detected in both mice and NHPs after immunization with mRNA vaccines encoding NP. Both HA stem and NP mRNA vaccines partially protected mice from morbidity following lethal influenza virus challenge, and superior efficacy against two different H1N1 strains was observed when the antigens were combined. In vivo T cell depletion suggested that anti-NP cell-mediated immunity contributed to protection in the mouse model. Taken together, these data show that mRNA vaccines encoding conserved influenza antigens, like HA stem and NP in combination, induce broadly reactive humoral responses as well as cell-mediated immunity in mice and NHPs, providing protection against homologous and heterologous influenza infection in mice.
    MeSH term(s) Animals ; Antibodies, Viral ; Hemagglutinin Glycoproteins, Influenza Virus/genetics ; Immunity, Cellular ; Immunity, Humoral ; Influenza A Virus, H1N1 Subtype ; Influenza Vaccines/immunology ; Mice ; Nucleoproteins/genetics ; Orthomyxoviridae Infections/prevention & control ; Primates ; Vaccines, Synthetic ; mRNA Vaccines/immunology
    Chemical Substances Antibodies, Viral ; Hemagglutinin Glycoproteins, Influenza Virus ; Influenza Vaccines ; Nucleoproteins ; Vaccines, Synthetic ; mRNA Vaccines
    Language English
    Publishing date 2022-06-06
    Publishing country Netherlands
    Document type Journal Article
    ZDB-ID 605674-x
    ISSN 1873-2518 ; 0264-410X
    ISSN (online) 1873-2518
    ISSN 0264-410X
    DOI 10.1016/j.vaccine.2022.03.063
    Database MEDical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System OnLINE

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  9. Article ; Online: The Perils of a "My Work Here is Done" perspective: a mixed methods evaluation of sustainment of an evidence-based intervention for transient ischemic attack.

    Bravata, Dawn M / Miech, Edward J / Myers, Laura J / Perkins, Anthony J / Zhang, Ying / Rattray, Nicholas A / Baird, Sean A / Penney, Lauren S / Austin, Curt / Damush, Teresa M

    BMC health services research

    2022  Volume 22, Issue 1, Page(s) 857

    Abstract: Background: To evaluate quality improvement sustainment for Transient Ischemic Attack (TIA) and identify factors influencing sustainment, which is a challenge for Learning Healthcare Systems.: Methods: Mixed methods were used to assess changes in ... ...

    Abstract Background: To evaluate quality improvement sustainment for Transient Ischemic Attack (TIA) and identify factors influencing sustainment, which is a challenge for Learning Healthcare Systems.
    Methods: Mixed methods were used to assess changes in care quality across periods (baseline, implementation, sustainment) and identify factors promoting or hindering sustainment of care quality. PREVENT was a stepped-wedge trial at six US Department of Veterans Affairs implementation sites and 36 control sites (August 2015-September 2019). Quality of care was measured by the without-fail rate: proportion of TIA patients who received all of the care for which they were eligible among brain imaging, carotid artery imaging, neurology consultation, hypertension control, anticoagulation for atrial fibrillation, antithrombotics, and high/moderate potency statins. Key informant interviews were used to identify factors associated with sustainment.
    Results: The without-fail rate at PREVENT sites improved from 36.7% (baseline, 58/158) to 54.0% (implementation, 95/176) and settled at 48.3% (sustainment, 56/116). At control sites, the without-fail rate improved from 38.6% (baseline, 345/893) to 41.8% (implementation, 363/869) and remained at 43.0% (sustainment, 293/681). After adjustment, no statistically significant difference in sustainment quality between intervention and control sites was identified. Among PREVENT facilities, the without-fail rate improved ≥2% at 3 sites, declined ≥2% at two sites, and remained unchanged at one site during sustainment. Factors promoting sustainment were planning, motivation to sustain, integration of processes into routine practice, leadership engagement, and establishing systems for reflecting and evaluating on performance data. The only factor that was sufficient for improving quality of care during sustainment was the presence of a champion with plans for sustainment. Challenges during sustainment included competing demands, low volume, and potential problems with medical coding impairing use of performance data. Four factors were sufficient for declining quality of care during sustainment: low motivation, champion inactivity, no reflecting and evaluating on performance data, and absence of leadership engagement.
    Conclusions: Although the intervention improved care quality during implementation; performance during sustainment was heterogeneous across intervention sites and not different from control sites. Learning Healthcare Systems seeking to sustain evidence-based practices should embed processes within routine care and establish systems for reviewing and reflecting upon performance.
    Trial registration: Clinicaltrials.gov ( NCT02769338 ).
    MeSH term(s) Evidence-Based Medicine ; Evidence-Based Practice ; Humans ; Ischemic Attack, Transient/therapy ; Program Evaluation/methods ; Quality Improvement
    Language English
    Publishing date 2022-07-04
    Publishing country England
    Document type Journal Article
    ZDB-ID 2050434-2
    ISSN 1472-6963 ; 1472-6963
    ISSN (online) 1472-6963
    ISSN 1472-6963
    DOI 10.1186/s12913-022-08207-8
    Database MEDical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System OnLINE

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  10. Article ; Online: DNAmix 2021

    Lauren M. Brinkac / Nicole Richetelli / Jonathon M. Davoren / Robert A. Bever / R. Austin Hicklin

    Data in Brief, Vol 48, Iss , Pp 109150- (2023)

    Laboratory policies, procedures, and casework scenarios summary and dataset

    2023  

    Abstract: DNAmix 2021 is a large-scale study conducted to evaluate the extent of consistency and variation among forensic laboratories in the interpretation of DNA mixtures, and to assess the effects of various potential sources of variability. This study utilized ...

    Abstract DNAmix 2021 is a large-scale study conducted to evaluate the extent of consistency and variation among forensic laboratories in the interpretation of DNA mixtures, and to assess the effects of various potential sources of variability. This study utilized a multi-phasic approach designed to collect information about participating laboratories, laboratory policies, and their standard operating procedures (SOPs). It also characterizes the degree of variation in assessments of suitability and number of contributors as well as in comparisons and statistical analyses of DNA mixture profiles. This paper specifically details the study design and the data collected in the first two phases of the study: the Policies & Procedures (P&P) Questionnaire and the Casework Scenarios Questionnaire (CSQ). We report on the variation in policies and SOPs for 86 forensic laboratories—including information about their DNA workflows, systems, and type of statistics reported. We also provide details regarding various case-scenario specific decisions and the nature of mixture casework for 83 forensic laboratories. The data discussed in this article provide insight into the state of the field for forensic DNA mixture interpretation policies and SOPs at the time of the study (2021–2022).
    Keywords Forensic science ; DNA Mixtures ; Probabilistic genotyping ; Inter-laboratory variation ; Policies and procedures ; Casework scenarios ; Computer applications to medicine. Medical informatics ; R858-859.7 ; Science (General) ; Q1-390
    Language English
    Publishing date 2023-06-01T00:00:00Z
    Publisher Elsevier
    Document type Article ; Online
    Database BASE - Bielefeld Academic Search Engine (life sciences selection)

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