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  1. Article ; Online: Isolation of a fungal calcineurin A mutant suggests that amoebae can counter-select virulence attributes of microbes.

    Idnurm, Alexander

    Medical mycology

    2023  Volume 61, Issue 2

    Abstract: Evolutionary selection pressures that resulted in microbes found within environmental reservoirs that can cause diseases in animals are unknown. One hypothesis is that predatory organisms select microbes able to counteract animal immune cells. Here, a ... ...

    Abstract Evolutionary selection pressures that resulted in microbes found within environmental reservoirs that can cause diseases in animals are unknown. One hypothesis is that predatory organisms select microbes able to counteract animal immune cells. Here, a non-pathogenic yeast, Sporobolomyces primogenomicus, was exposed to predation by Acanthamoeba castellanii. Strains emerged that were resistant to being killed by this amoeba. All these strains had altered morphology, growing as pseudohyphae. The mutation in one strain was identified: CNA1 encodes the calcineurin A subunit that is highly conserved in fungi and where it is essential for their virulence in hosts including mammals, insects, and plants.
    MeSH term(s) Animals ; Virulence/genetics ; Amoeba/microbiology ; Calcineurin/genetics ; Cryptococcus neoformans ; Acanthamoeba castellanii/microbiology ; Mammals
    Chemical Substances Calcineurin (EC 3.1.3.16)
    Language English
    Publishing date 2023-01-27
    Publishing country England
    Document type Journal Article
    ZDB-ID 1421796-x
    ISSN 1460-2709 ; 1369-3786
    ISSN (online) 1460-2709
    ISSN 1369-3786
    DOI 10.1093/mmy/myad013
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  2. Article ; Online: Putting Fungal Biology and Biotechnology to the test.

    Meyer, Vera / Idnurm, Alexander

    Fungal biology and biotechnology

    2023  Volume 10, Issue 1, Page(s) 9

    Language English
    Publishing date 2023-04-18
    Publishing country England
    Document type Editorial
    ZDB-ID 2806612-1
    ISSN 2054-3085 ; 2054-3085
    ISSN (online) 2054-3085
    ISSN 2054-3085
    DOI 10.1186/s40694-023-00156-z
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  3. Article ; Online: A Polyphasic Approach including Whole Genome Sequencing Reveals

    Urquhart, Andrew S / Idnurm, Alexander

    Journal of fungi (Basel, Switzerland)

    2023  Volume 9, Issue 3

    Abstract: Whole genome sequencing is rapidly increasing phylogenetic resolution across many groups of fungi. To improve sequencing coverage in the ... ...

    Abstract Whole genome sequencing is rapidly increasing phylogenetic resolution across many groups of fungi. To improve sequencing coverage in the genus
    Language English
    Publishing date 2023-02-22
    Publishing country Switzerland
    Document type Journal Article
    ZDB-ID 2784229-0
    ISSN 2309-608X ; 2309-608X
    ISSN (online) 2309-608X
    ISSN 2309-608X
    DOI 10.3390/jof9030285
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  4. Article ; Online: Mystique of

    Idnurm, Alexander

    Journal of genetics

    2018  Volume 97, Issue 5, Page(s) 1195–1204

    Abstract: A DNA region in the mitochondrial genome of the ... ...

    Abstract A DNA region in the mitochondrial genome of the fungus
    MeSH term(s) Biological Evolution ; DNA, Mitochondrial/genetics ; Genetic Variation ; Genome, Mitochondrial ; Interspersed Repetitive Sequences ; Mitochondria/genetics ; Phycomyces/genetics ; Phylogeny ; Selection, Genetic ; Sequence Homology
    Chemical Substances DNA, Mitochondrial
    Language English
    Publishing date 2018-12-13
    Publishing country India
    Document type Journal Article
    ZDB-ID 3039-9
    ISSN 0973-7731 ; 0958-8361 ; 0022-1333
    ISSN (online) 0973-7731
    ISSN 0958-8361 ; 0022-1333
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  5. Article ; Online: A Polyphasic Approach including Whole Genome Sequencing Reveals Paecilomyces paravariotii sp. nov. as a Cryptic Sister Species to P. variotii

    Andrew S. Urquhart / Alexander Idnurm

    Journal of Fungi, Vol 9, Iss 285, p

    2023  Volume 285

    Abstract: Whole genome sequencing is rapidly increasing phylogenetic resolution across many groups of fungi. To improve sequencing coverage in the genus Paecilomyces ( Eurotiales ), we report nine new Paecilomyces genomes representing five different species. ... ...

    Abstract Whole genome sequencing is rapidly increasing phylogenetic resolution across many groups of fungi. To improve sequencing coverage in the genus Paecilomyces ( Eurotiales ), we report nine new Paecilomyces genomes representing five different species. Phylogenetic comparison between these genomes and those reported previously showed that Paecilomyces paravariotii is a distinct species from its close relative P. variotii . The independence of P. paravariotii is supported by analysis of overall gene identify (via BLAST), differences in secondary metabolism and an inability to form ascomata when paired with a fertile P. variotii strain of opposite mating type. Furthermore, whole genome sequencing resolves the P. formosus clade into three separate species, one of which lacked a valid name that is now provided.
    Keywords Eurotiales ; taxonomy ; Paecilomyces variotii ; horizontal gene transfer ; viriditoxin ; Biology (General) ; QH301-705.5
    Language English
    Publishing date 2023-02-01T00:00:00Z
    Publisher MDPI AG
    Document type Article ; Online
    Database BASE - Bielefeld Academic Search Engine (life sciences selection)

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  6. Article: Absidia healeyae

    S Urquhart, Andrew / Idnurm, Alexander

    Mycoscience

    2021  Volume 62, Issue 5, Page(s) 331–335

    Abstract: ... Absidia ... ...

    Abstract Absidia healeyae
    Language English
    Publishing date 2021-09-20
    Publishing country Japan
    Document type Journal Article
    ZDB-ID 1285813-4
    ISSN 1618-2545 ; 1340-3540
    ISSN (online) 1618-2545
    ISSN 1340-3540
    DOI 10.47371/mycosci.2021.06.001
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  7. Article: Identification of the ergC gene involved in polyene drug sensitivity in the Mucorales species Phycomyces blakesleeanus

    Idnurm, Alexander / Xu, Melvin

    Molecular biology reports. 2022 Feb., v. 49, no. 2

    2022  

    Abstract: BACKGROUND: A strain of Phycomyces blakesleeanus (Mucorales, Mucoromycota) that was previously isolated after ultraviolet mutagenesis has altered responses to polyene antifungal drugs, sterol profiles, and phototropism of its sporangia. In this study, ... ...

    Abstract BACKGROUND: A strain of Phycomyces blakesleeanus (Mucorales, Mucoromycota) that was previously isolated after ultraviolet mutagenesis has altered responses to polyene antifungal drugs, sterol profiles, and phototropism of its sporangia. In this study, the genetic basis for these changes was sought. METHODS AND RESULTS: Two base pair substitutions were identified in the mutant within a P. blakelesleeanus gene that is homologous to others characterized from fungi, such as the Saccharomyces cerevisiae ERG3 gene, encoding sterol Δ5,6-desaturase. The polyene resistance and growth reduction phenotypes co-segregated with mutations in the gene in genetic crosses. The P. blakelesleeanus wild type ergC gene complemented a S. cerevisiae deletion strain of ERG3. CONCLUSIONS: This gene discovery may contribute towards better antifungal use in treating mucormycoses diseases caused by related species in the order Mucorales.
    Keywords Phycomyces blakesleeanus ; Saccharomyces cerevisiae ; drugs ; genes ; growth retardation ; molecular biology ; mutagenesis ; mutants ; phototropism ; sporangia ; sterols
    Language English
    Dates of publication 2022-02
    Size p. 981-987.
    Publishing place Springer Netherlands
    Document type Article
    ZDB-ID 186544-4
    ISSN 1573-4978 ; 0301-4851
    ISSN (online) 1573-4978
    ISSN 0301-4851
    DOI 10.1007/s11033-021-06917-6
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  8. Article ; Online: Identification of the ergC gene involved in polyene drug sensitivity in the Mucorales species Phycomyces blakesleeanus.

    Idnurm, Alexander / Xu, Melvin

    Molecular biology reports

    2021  Volume 49, Issue 2, Page(s) 981–987

    Abstract: Background: A strain of Phycomyces blakesleeanus (Mucorales, Mucoromycota) that was previously isolated after ultraviolet mutagenesis has altered responses to polyene antifungal drugs, sterol profiles, and phototropism of its sporangia. In this study, ... ...

    Abstract Background: A strain of Phycomyces blakesleeanus (Mucorales, Mucoromycota) that was previously isolated after ultraviolet mutagenesis has altered responses to polyene antifungal drugs, sterol profiles, and phototropism of its sporangia. In this study, the genetic basis for these changes was sought.
    Methods and results: Two base pair substitutions were identified in the mutant within a P. blakelesleeanus gene that is homologous to others characterized from fungi, such as the Saccharomyces cerevisiae ERG3 gene, encoding sterol Δ5,6-desaturase. The polyene resistance and growth reduction phenotypes co-segregated with mutations in the gene in genetic crosses. The P. blakelesleeanus wild type ergC gene complemented a S. cerevisiae deletion strain of ERG3.
    Conclusions: This gene discovery may contribute towards better antifungal use in treating mucormycoses diseases caused by related species in the order Mucorales.
    MeSH term(s) Antifungal Agents/pharmacology ; Candida albicans/drug effects ; Drug Resistance, Fungal/genetics ; Genes, Fungal/drug effects ; Microbial Sensitivity Tests ; Mucorales/drug effects ; Mucorales/genetics ; Oxidoreductases/genetics ; Pharmaceutical Preparations ; Phycomyces/drug effects ; Phycomyces/genetics ; Phycomyces/metabolism ; Polyenes ; Saccharomyces cerevisiae/genetics
    Chemical Substances Antifungal Agents ; Pharmaceutical Preparations ; Polyenes ; Oxidoreductases (EC 1.-)
    Language English
    Publishing date 2021-11-06
    Publishing country Netherlands
    Document type Journal Article
    ZDB-ID 186544-4
    ISSN 1573-4978 ; 0301-4851
    ISSN (online) 1573-4978
    ISSN 0301-4851
    DOI 10.1007/s11033-021-06917-6
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  9. Article ; Online: Starships

    Urquhart, Andrew S / Vogan, Aaron A / Gardiner, Donald M / Idnurm, Alexander

    Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

    2023  Volume 120, Issue 15, Page(s) e2214521120

    Abstract: Transposable elements in eukaryotic organisms have historically been considered "selfish," at best conferring indirect benefits to their host organisms. ... ...

    Abstract Transposable elements in eukaryotic organisms have historically been considered "selfish," at best conferring indirect benefits to their host organisms. The
    MeSH term(s) DNA Transposable Elements/genetics ; Eukaryota/genetics ; Gene Transfer, Horizontal ; Recombinases/genetics ; Tyrosine/genetics ; Evolution, Molecular
    Chemical Substances DNA Transposable Elements ; Recombinases ; Tyrosine (42HK56048U)
    Language English
    Publishing date 2023-04-06
    Publishing country United States
    Document type Journal Article ; Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't
    ZDB-ID 209104-5
    ISSN 1091-6490 ; 0027-8424
    ISSN (online) 1091-6490
    ISSN 0027-8424
    DOI 10.1073/pnas.2214521120
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  10. Article: Mystique of Phycomyces blakesleeanus is a peculiar mitochondrial genetic element that is highly variable in DNA sequence while subjected to strong negative selection

    Idnurm, Alexander

    Journal of genetics. 2018 Dec., v. 97, no. 5

    2018  

    Abstract: A DNA region in the mitochondrial genome of the fungus Phycomyces blakesleeanus (Mucorales, Mucoromycota) was characterized in a population of wild-type strains. The region encodes a predicted protein similar to the reverse transcriptases encoded by ... ...

    Abstract A DNA region in the mitochondrial genome of the fungus Phycomyces blakesleeanus (Mucorales, Mucoromycota) was characterized in a population of wild-type strains. The region encodes a predicted protein similar to the reverse transcriptases encoded by mitochondrial retroplasmids of Neurospora species and other Sordariomycetes (Ascomycota), but is uncommon in other fungi. DNA sequences of this element, named mystique, are highly variable between the strains, having greater than 2.5% divergence, yet most of the nucleotide differences fall in codon positions that do not change the amino acid sequence. The high proportion of polymorphisms coupled to the rarity of nonsynonymous changes suggests that mystique is subject to counteracting forces of hypermutation and purifying selection. However, while evidence for negative selection may infer that the element provides a fitness benefit, some strains of P. blakesleeanus do not have the element and grow equivalently well as those strains with it. A mechanism to explain the variability between the mystique alleles is proposed, of error-prone replication through an RNA intermediate, reverse transcription and reintegration of the element into the mitochondrial genome.
    Keywords DNA ; Neurospora ; Phycomyces blakesleeanus ; RNA ; alleles ; amino acid sequences ; enzymes ; fungi ; mitochondria ; mitochondrial genome ; nucleotide sequences ; reverse transcription
    Language English
    Dates of publication 2018-12
    Size p. 1195-1204.
    Publishing place Springer India
    Document type Article
    ZDB-ID 3039-9
    ISSN 0973-7731 ; 0958-8361 ; 0022-1333
    ISSN (online) 0973-7731
    ISSN 0958-8361 ; 0022-1333
    DOI 10.1007/s12041-018-1014-9
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