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Article ; Online: Molecular and Morphological Investigations of the Stauros-bearing, Raphid Pennate Diatoms (Bacillariophyceae): Craspedostauros E.J. Cox, and Staurotropis T.B.B. Paddock, and their Relationship to the Rest of the Mastogloiales.

Ashworth, Matt P / Lobban, Christopher S / Witkowski, Andrzej / Theriot, Edward C / Sabir, Meeshal J / Baeshen, Mohammad N / Hajarah, Nahid H / Baeshen, Nabih A / Sabir, Jamal S / Jansen, Robert K

Protist

2017 Volume 168, Issue 1, Page(s) 48–70

Abstract: Several lineages of raphe-bearing diatoms possess a "stauros," which is a transverse, usually thickened area free of pores across the center of the valve. It has been suggested that this structure has evolved several times across the raphid diatoms, but ... ...

Abstract	Several lineages of raphe-bearing diatoms possess a "stauros," which is a transverse, usually thickened area free of pores across the center of the valve. It has been suggested that this structure has evolved several times across the raphid diatoms, but we have noticed similarities beyond the stauros between two marine genera-Craspedostauros and Staurotropis-in the structure of their pore occlusions. We have isolated, cultured and extracted DNA from several strains of both genera to infer the phylogenetic relationship between these taxa, as well as test the suggested relationship of Craspedostauros to Achnanthes and Mastogloia based on plastid morphology. DNA sequence data (nuclear-encoded rRNA SSU, plastid-encoded rbcL and psbC) suggest that, except for Mastogloia, these genera are closely-related, though not sister taxa. The DNA phylogeny also suggests that the Mastogloiales are not monophyletic, with clades containing Achnanthes and Craspedostauros sister to clades containing taxa in the Bacillariales. Using evidence from molecular and morphological data, we describe the following new taxa: Craspedostauros alyoubii and C. paradoxa from the Red Sea and Guam, respectively; Staurotropis khiyamii and S. americana from the Red Sea and the Gulf of Mexico, respectively; and Dreuhlago cuneata n. gen., n. sp. from Guam.
MeSH term(s)	Algal Proteins/genetics ; Diatoms/classification ; Diatoms/genetics ; Diatoms/ultrastructure ; Evolution, Molecular ; Microscopy, Electron, Scanning ; Phylogeny ; Sequence Analysis, DNA
Chemical Substances	Algal Proteins
Language	English
Publishing date	2017
Publishing country	Germany
Document type	Journal Article ; Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't
ZDB-ID	2036014-9
ISSN	1618-0941 ; 1434-4610
ISSN (online)	1618-0941
ISSN	1434-4610
DOI	10.1016/j.protis.2016.11.001
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Article: Molecular and Morphological Investigations of the Stauros-bearing, Raphid Pennate Diatoms (Bacillariophyceae): Craspedostauros E.J. Cox, and Staurotropis T.B.B. Paddock, and their Relationship to the Rest of the Mastogloiales

Ashworth, Matt P / Andrzej Witkowski / Christopher S. Lobban / Edward C. Theriot / Jamal S. Sabir / Meeshal J. Sabir / Mohammad N. Baeshen / Nabih A. Baeshen / Nahid H. Hajarah / Robert K. Jansen

Protist. 2017 Feb., v. 168, no. 1

2017

Abstract: Several lineages of raphe-bearing diatoms possess a “stauros,” which is a transverse, usually thickened area free of pores across the center of the valve. It has been suggested that this structure has evolved several times across the raphid diatoms, but ... ...

Abstract	Several lineages of raphe-bearing diatoms possess a “stauros,” which is a transverse, usually thickened area free of pores across the center of the valve. It has been suggested that this structure has evolved several times across the raphid diatoms, but we have noticed similarities beyond the stauros between two marine genera—Craspedostauros and Staurotropis—in the structure of their pore occlusions. We have isolated, cultured and extracted DNA from several strains of both genera to infer the phylogenetic relationship between these taxa, as well as test the suggested relationship of Craspedostauros to Achnanthes and Mastogloia based on plastid morphology. DNA sequence data (nuclear-encoded rRNA SSU, plastid-encoded rbcL and psbC) suggest that, except for Mastogloia, these genera are closely-related, though not sister taxa. The DNA phylogeny also suggests that the Mastogloiales are not monophyletic, with clades containing Achnanthes and Craspedostauros sister to clades containing taxa in the Bacillariales. Using evidence from molecular and morphological data, we describe the following new taxa: Craspedostauros alyoubii and C. paradoxa from the Red Sea and Guam, respectively; Staurotropis khiyamii and S. americana from the Red Sea and the Gulf of Mexico, respectively; and Dreuhlago cuneata n. gen., n. sp. from Guam.
Keywords	Achnanthes ; DNA ; Mastogloia ; monophyly ; new species ; nucleotide sequences ; pastures ; ribosomal RNA ; Guam ; Gulf of Mexico ; Red Sea
Language	English
Dates of publication	2017-02
Size	p. 48-70.
Publishing place	Elsevier GmbH
Document type	Article
ZDB-ID	2036014-9
ISSN	1618-0941 ; 1434-4610
ISSN (online)	1618-0941
ISSN	1434-4610
DOI	10.1016/j.protis.2016.11.001
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Article ; Online: Measurement of the decay amplitudes of B0 --> J/psiK*0 and B(s)(0) --> J/psistraight phi decays

Terashi / Tether / Theriot / Thurman-Keup / Tipton / Tkaczyk / Tollefson / Tollestrup / Toyoda / Trischuk / de Troconiz JF / Tseng / Turini / Ukegawa / Vaiciulis / Valls / Vejcik / Velev / Vidal /

Vilar / Volobouev / Vucinic / Wagner / Wahl / Wallace

Physical review letters

2000 Volume 85, Issue 22, Page(s) 4668–4673

Abstract: An angular analysis of B0-->J/psiK(*0) and B(0)(s)-->J/psistraight phi has been used to determine ... 02 for B(0)(s) decays. The parity-odd amplitude is found to be small with |A( perpendicular)|(2) = 0 ... 13(+0.12)(-0.09)+/-0.06 for B0 and |A( perpendicular)|(2) = 0.23+/-0.19+/-0.04 for B(0)(s) decays. ...

Abstract	An angular analysis of B0-->J/psiK(*0) and B(0)(s)-->J/psistraight phi has been used to determine the decay amplitudes with parity-even longitudinal ( A0) and transverse ( A( parallel)) polarization and parity-odd transverse ( A( perpendicular)) polarization. The measurements are based on 190 B0 and 40 B(0)(s) candidates obtained from 89 pb(-1) of &pmacr;p collisions at the Fermilab Tevatron. The longitudinal decay amplitude dominates with \|A0\|(2) = 0.59+/-0. 06+/-0.01 for B0 and \|A0\|(2) = 0.61+/-0.14+/-0.02 for B(0)(s) decays. The parity-odd amplitude is found to be small with \|A( perpendicular)\|(2) = 0.13(+0.12)(-0.09)+/-0.06 for B0 and \|A( perpendicular)\|(2) = 0.23+/-0.19+/-0.04 for B(0)(s) decays.
Language	English
Publishing date	2000-11-27
Publishing country	United States
Document type	Journal Article
ZDB-ID	208853-8
ISSN	1079-7114 ; 0031-9007
ISSN (online)	1079-7114
ISSN	0031-9007
DOI	10.1103/PhysRevLett.85.4668
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Article ; Online: Confined keratocytes mimic in vivo migration and reveal volume-speed relationship.

Labuz, Ellen C / Footer, Matthew J / Theriot, Julie A

Cytoskeleton (Hoboken, N.J.)

2023 Volume 80, Issue 1-2, Page(s) 34–51

Abstract: Fish basal epidermal cells, known as keratocytes, are well-suited for cell migration studies. In vitro, isolated keratocytes adopt a stereotyped shape with a large fan-shaped lamellipodium and a nearly spherical cell body. However, in their native in ... ...

Abstract	Fish basal epidermal cells, known as keratocytes, are well-suited for cell migration studies. In vitro, isolated keratocytes adopt a stereotyped shape with a large fan-shaped lamellipodium and a nearly spherical cell body. However, in their native in vivo environment, these cells adopt a significantly different shape during their rapid migration toward wounds. Within the epidermis, keratocytes experience two-dimensional (2D) confinement between the outer epidermal cell layer and the basement membrane; these two deformable surfaces constrain keratocyte cell bodies to be flatter in vivo than in isolation. In vivo keratocytes also exhibit a relative elongation of the front-to-back axis and substantially more lamellipodial ruffling, as compared to isolated cells. We have explored the effects of 2D confinement, separated from other in vivo environmental cues, by overlaying isolated cells with an agarose hydrogel with occasional spacers, or with a ceiling made of polydimethylsiloxane (PDMS) elastomer. Under these conditions, isolated keratocytes more closely resemble the in vivo migratory shape phenotype, displaying a flatter apical-basal axis and a longer front-to-back axis than unconfined keratocytes. We propose that 2D confinement contributes to multiple dimensions of in vivo keratocyte shape determination. Further analysis demonstrates that confinement causes a synchronous 20% decrease in both cell speed and volume. Interestingly, we were able to replicate the 20% decrease in speed using a sorbitol hypertonic shock to shrink the cell volume, which did not affect other aspects of cell shape. Collectively, our results suggest that environmentally imposed changes in cell volume may influence cell migration speed, potentially by perturbing physical properties of the cytoplasm.
MeSH term(s)	Animals ; Cell Movement ; Keratinocytes ; Cytoplasm/metabolism ; Cells, Cultured
Language	English
Publishing date	2023-01-10
Publishing country	United States
Document type	Journal Article ; Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't ; Research Support, U.S. Gov't, Non-P.H.S.
ZDB-ID	2534372-5
ISSN	1949-3592 ; 1949-3584
ISSN (online)	1949-3592
ISSN	1949-3584
DOI	10.1002/cm.21741
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Article: Measurement of J/psi and psi(2S) polarization in pp collisions at sqrt[s] = 1.8 TeV.

Affolder, T / Akimoto, H / Akopian, A / Albrow, M G / Amaral, P / Amendolia, S R / Amidei, D / Anikeev, K / Antos, J / Apollinari, G / Arisawa, T / Asakawa, T / Ashmanskas, W / Atac, M / Azfar, F / Azzi-Bacchetta, P / Bacchetta, N / Bailey, M W / Bailey, S /

de Barbaro, P / Barbaro-Galtieri, A / Barnes, V E / Barnett, B A / Barone, M / Bauer, G / Bedeschi, F / Belforte, S / Bellettini, G / Bellinger, J / Benjamin, D / Bensinger, J / Beretvas, A / Berge, J P / Berryhill, J / Bevensee, B / Bhatti, A / Binkley, M / Bisello, D / Blair, R E / Blocker, C / Bloom, K / Blumenfeld, B / Blusk, S R / Bocci, A / Bodek, A / Bokhari, W / Bolla, G / Bonushkin, Y / Bortoletto, D / Boudreau, J / Brandl, A / van den Brink, S / Bromberg, C / Brozovic, M / Bruner, N / Buckley-Geer, E / Budagov, J / Budd, H S / Burkett, K / Busetto, G / Byon-Wagner, A / Byrum, K L / Calafiura, P / Campbell, M / Carithers, W / Carlson, J / Carlsmith, D / Cassada, J / Castro, A / Cauz, D / Cerri, A / Chan, A W / Chang, P S / Chang, P T / Chapman, J / Chen, C / Chen, Y C / Cheng, M T / Chertok, M / Chiarelli, G / Chirikov-Zorin, I / Chlachidze, G / Chlebana, F / Christofek, L / Chu, M L / Ciobanu, C I / Clark, A G / Connolly, A / Conway, J / Cooper, J / Cordelli, M / Cranshaw, J / Cronin-Hennessy, D / Cropp, R / Culbertson, R / Dagenhart, D / DeJongh, F / Dell'Agnello, S / Dell'Orso, M / Demina, R / Demortier, L / Deninno, M / Derwent, P F / Devlin, T / Dittmann, J R / Donati, S / Done, J / Dorigo, T / Eddy, N / Einsweiler, K / Elias, J E / Engels, E / Erdmann, W / Errede, D / Errede, S / Fan, Q / Feild, R G / Ferretti, C / Field, R D / Fiori, I / Flaugher, B / Foster, G W / Franklin, M / Freeman, J / Friedman, J / Fukui, Y / Furic, I / Galeotti, S / Gallinaro, M / Gao, T / Garcia-Sciveres, M / Garfinkel, A F / Gatti, P / Gay, C / Geer, S / Gerdes, D W / Giannetti, P / Giromini, P / Glagolev, V / Gold, M / Goldstein, J / Gordon, A / Goshaw, A T / Gotra, Y / Goulianos, K / Green, C / Groer, L / Grosso-Pilcher, C / Guenther, M / Guillian, G / Guimaraes da Costa, J / Guo, R S / Haas, R M / Haber, C / Hafen, E / Hahn, S R / Hall, C / Handa, T / Handler, R / Hao, W / Happacher, F / Hara, K / Hardman, A D / Harris, R M / Hartmann, F / Hatakeyama, K / Hauser, J / Heinrich, J / Heiss, A / Herndon, M / Hinrichsen, B / Hoffman, K D / Holck, C / Hollebeek, R / Holloway, L / Hughes, R / Huston, J / Huth, J / Ikeda, H / Incandela, J / Introzzi, G / Iwai, J / Iwata, Y / James, E / Jensen, H / Jones, M / Joshi, U / Kambara, H / Kamon, T / Kaneko, T / Karr, K / Kasha, H / Kato, Y / Keaffaber, T A / Kelley, K / Kelly, M / Kennedy, R D / Kephart, R / Khazins, D / Kikuchi, T / Kilminster, B / Kirby, M / Kirk, M / Kim, B J / Kim, D H / Kim, H S / Kim, M J / Kim, S H / Kim, Y K / Kirsch, L / Klimenko, S / Koehn, P / Köngeter, A / Kondo, K / Konigsberg, J / Kordas, K / Korn, A / Korytov, A / Kovacs, E / Kroll, J / Kruse, M / Kuhlmann, S E / Kurino, K / Kuwabara, T / Laasanen, A T / Lai, N / Lami, S / Lammel, S / Lamoureux, J I / Lancaster, M / Latino, G / LeCompte, T / Lee, A M / Lee, K / Leone, S / Lewis, J D / Lindgren, M / Liss, T M / Liu, J B / Liu, Y C / Lockyer, N / Loken, J / Loreti, M / Lucchesi, D / Lukens, P / Lusin, S / Lyons, L / LysV, J / Madrak, R / Maeshima, K / Maksimovic, P / Malferrari, L / Mangano, M / Mariotti, M / Martignon, G / Martin, A / Matthews, J A / Mayer, J / Mazzanti, P / McFarland, K S / McIntyre, P / McKigney, E / Menguzzato, M / Menzione, A / Mesropian, C / Miao, T / Miller, R / Miller, J S / Minato, H / Miscetti, S / Mishina, M / Mitselmakher, G / Moggi, N / Moore, E / Moore, R / Morita, Y / Mulhearn, M / Mukherjee, A / Muller, T / Munar, A / Murat, P / Murgia, S / Musy, M / Nachtman, J / Nahn, S / Nakada, H / Nakaya, T / Nakano, I / Nelson, C / Neuberger, D / Newman-Holmes, C / Ngan, C Y / Nicolaidi, P / Niu, H / Nodulman, L / Nomerotski, A / Oh, S H / Ohmoto, T / Ohsugi, T / Oishi, R / Okusawa, T / Olsen, J / Orejudos, W / Pagliarone, C / Palmonari, F / Paoletti, R / Papadimitriou, V / Pappas, S P / Partos, D / Patrick, J / Pauletta, G / Paulini, M / Paus, C / Pescara, L / Phillips, T J / Piacentino, G / Pitts, K T / Plunkett, R / Pompos, A / Pondrom, L / Pope, G / Popovic, M / Prokoshin, F / Proudfoot, J / Ptohos, F / Pukhov, O / Punzi, G / Ragan, K / Rakitine, A / Reher, D / Reichold, A / Riegler, W / Ribon, A / Rimondi, F / Ristori, L / Robertson, W J / Robinson, A / Rodrigo, T / Rolli, S / Rosenson, L / Roser, R / Rossin, R / Safonov, A / Sakumoto, W K / Saltzberg, D / Sansoni, A / Santi, L / Sato, H / Savard, P / Schlabach, P / Schmidt, E E / Schmidt, M P / Schmitt, M / Scodellaro, L / Scott, A / Scribano, A / Segler, S / Seidel, S / Seiya, Y / Semenov, A / Semeria, F / Shah, T / Shapiro, M D / Shepard, P F / Shibayama, T / Shimojima, M / Shochet, M / Siegrist, J / Signorelli, G / Sill, A / Sinervo, P / Singh, P / Slaughter, A J / Sliwa, K / Smith, C / Snider, F D / Solodsky, A / Spalding, J / Speer, T / Sphicas, P / Spinella, F / Spiropulu, M / Spiegel, L / Steele, J / Stefanini, A / Strologas, J / Strumia, F / Stuart, D / Sumorok, K / Suzuki, T / Takano, T / Takashima, R / Takikawa, K / Tamburello, P / Tanaka, M / Tannenbaum, B / Taylor, W / Tecchio, M / Teng, P K / Terashi, K / Tether, S / Theriot, D / Thurman-Keup, R / Tipton, P / Tkaczyk, S / Tollefson, K / Tollestrup, A / Toyoda, H / Trischuk, W / de Troconiz, J F / Tseng, J / Turini, N / Ukegawa, F / Vaiciulis, T / Valls, J / Vejcik, S / Velev, G / Vidal, R / Vilar, R / Volobouev, I / Vucinic, D / Wagner, R G / Wagner, R L / Wahl, J / Wallace, N B / Walsh, A M / Wang, C / Wang, C H / Wang, M J / Watanabe, T / Waters, D / Watts, T / Webb, R / Wenzel, H / Wester, W C / Wicklund, A B / Wicklund, E / Williams, H H / Wilson, P / Winer, B L / Winn, D / Wolbers, S / Wolinski, D / Wolinski, J / Wolinski, S / Worm, S / Wu, X / Wyss, J / Yagil, A / Yao, W / Yeh, G P / Yeh, P / Yoh, J / Yosef, C / Yoshida, T / Yu, I / Yu, S / Yu, Z / Zanetti, A / Zetti, F / Zucchelli, S

Physical review letters

2000 Volume 85, Issue 14, Page(s) 2886–2891

Abstract: We have measured the polarization of J/psi and psi(2S) mesons produced in pp collisions at sqrt[s ... The polarization of promptly produced J/psi [psi(2S)] mesons is isolated from those produced in B-hadron decay, and ...

Abstract	We have measured the polarization of J/psi and psi(2S) mesons produced in pp collisions at sqrt[s] = 1.8 TeV, using data collected at the Collider Detector at Fermilab during 1992-1995. The polarization of promptly produced J/psi [psi(2S)] mesons is isolated from those produced in B-hadron decay, and measured over the kinematic range 4 [5.5]<P(T)<20 GeV/c and \|y\|<0.6. For P(T) greater than or approximately equal 12 GeV/c we do not observe significant polarization in the prompt component.<br />
Language	English
Publishing date	2000-10-02
Publishing country	United States
Document type	Journal Article
ZDB-ID	208853-8
ISSN	1079-7114 ; 0031-9007
ISSN (online)	1079-7114
ISSN	0031-9007
DOI	10.1103/PhysRevLett.85.2886
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Article ; Online: Tauroursodeoxycholic Acid Inhibits Clostridioides difficile Toxin-Induced Apoptosis.

Pike, Colleen M / Tam, John / Melnyk, Roman A / Theriot, Casey M

Infection and immunity

2022 Volume 90, Issue 8, Page(s) e0015322

Abstract: C. difficile infection (CDI) is a highly inflammatory disease mediated by the production of two large toxins that weaken the intestinal epithelium and cause extensive colonic tissue damage. Antibiotic alternative therapies for CDI are urgently needed as ... ...

Abstract	C. difficile infection (CDI) is a highly inflammatory disease mediated by the production of two large toxins that weaken the intestinal epithelium and cause extensive colonic tissue damage. Antibiotic alternative therapies for CDI are urgently needed as current antibiotic regimens prolong the perturbation of the microbiota and lead to high disease recurrence rates. Inflammation is more closely correlated with CDI severity than bacterial burden, thus therapies that target the host response represent a promising yet unexplored strategy for treating CDI. Intestinal bile acids are key regulators of gut physiology that exert cytoprotective roles in cellular stress, inflammation, and barrier integrity, yet the dynamics between bile acids and host cellular processes during CDI have not been investigated. Here we show that several bile acids are protective against apoptosis caused by C. difficile toxins in Caco-2 cells and that protection is dependent on conjugation of bile acids. Out of 20 tested bile acids, taurine conjugated ursodeoxycholic acid (TUDCA) was the most potent inhibitor, yet unconjugated UDCA did not alter toxin-induced apoptosis. TUDCA treatment decreased expression of genes in lysosome associated and cytokine signaling pathways. TUDCA did not affect C. difficile growth or toxin activity
MeSH term(s)	Anti-Bacterial Agents/pharmacology ; Antibodies, Bacterial/pharmacology ; Apoptosis ; Bile Acids and Salts/pharmacology ; Caco-2 Cells ; Clostridioides difficile ; Clostridium Infections/microbiology ; Humans ; Inflammation ; Taurochenodeoxycholic Acid ; Ursodeoxycholic Acid/pharmacology
Chemical Substances	Anti-Bacterial Agents ; Antibodies, Bacterial ; Bile Acids and Salts ; Taurochenodeoxycholic Acid (516-35-8) ; ursodoxicoltaurine (60EUX8MN5X) ; Ursodeoxycholic Acid (724L30Y2QR)
Language	English
Publishing date	2022-07-07
Publishing country	United States
Document type	Journal Article ; Research Support, N.I.H., Extramural ; Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't
ZDB-ID	218698-6
ISSN	1098-5522 ; 0019-9567
ISSN (online)	1098-5522
ISSN	0019-9567
DOI	10.1128/iai.00153-22
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Article ; Online: Intestinal bile acids provide a surmountable barrier against

Icho, Simoun / Ward, Jennifer S / Tam, John / Kociolek, Larry K / Theriot, Casey M / Melnyk, Roman A

Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

2023 Volume 120, Issue 19, Page(s) e2301252120

Abstract: Intestinal bile acids play an essential role in ... ...

Abstract	Intestinal bile acids play an essential role in the
MeSH term(s)	Humans ; Mice ; Animals ; Bacterial Toxins ; Clostridioides difficile ; Bile Acids and Salts ; Clostridium Infections/pathology ; Intestines/pathology ; Bacterial Proteins
Chemical Substances	Bacterial Toxins ; Bile Acids and Salts ; Bacterial Proteins
Language	English
Publishing date	2023-05-01
Publishing country	United States
Document type	Journal Article ; Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't
ZDB-ID	209104-5
ISSN	1091-6490 ; 0027-8424
ISSN (online)	1091-6490
ISSN	0027-8424
DOI	10.1073/pnas.2301252120
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Article ; Online: Prolonged oral antimicrobial administration prevents doxorubicin-induced loss of active intestinal stem cells.

Sheahan, Breanna J / Theriot, Casey M / Cortes, Jocsa E / Dekaney, Christopher M

Gut microbes

2022 Volume 14, Issue 1, Page(s) 2018898

Abstract: Acute intestinal mucositis is a common off-target effect of chemotherapy, leading to co-morbidities such as vomiting, diarrhea, sepsis, and death. We previously demonstrated that the presence of enteric bacteria modulates the extent of jejunal epithelial ...

Abstract	Acute intestinal mucositis is a common off-target effect of chemotherapy, leading to co-morbidities such as vomiting, diarrhea, sepsis, and death. We previously demonstrated that the presence of enteric bacteria modulates the extent of jejunal epithelial damage induced by doxorubicin (DXR) in mice. Despite conventional thinking of the crypt as a sterile environment, recent evidence suggests that bacterial signaling influences aISC function. In this study, we labeled aISCs using transgenic
MeSH term(s)	Administration, Oral ; Animals ; Anti-Bacterial Agents/administration & dosage ; Anti-Bacterial Agents/pharmacology ; Antineoplastic Agents/administration & dosage ; Antineoplastic Agents/adverse effects ; Bacteria/classification ; Bacteria/drug effects ; Bacteria/genetics ; Bacteria/isolation & purification ; Cell Survival/drug effects ; Doxorubicin/administration & dosage ; Doxorubicin/adverse effects ; Gastrointestinal Microbiome/drug effects ; Germ-Free Life ; Humans ; Jejunum/cytology ; Jejunum/drug effects ; Jejunum/microbiology ; Mice ; Mice, Inbred C57BL ; Mucositis/microbiology ; Mucositis/prevention & control ; Stem Cells/cytology ; Stem Cells/drug effects ; Time Factors
Chemical Substances	Anti-Bacterial Agents ; Antineoplastic Agents ; Doxorubicin (80168379AG)
Language	English
Publishing date	2022-01-07
Publishing country	United States
Document type	Journal Article ; Research Support, N.I.H., Extramural ; Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't
ISSN	1949-0984
ISSN (online)	1949-0984
DOI	10.1080/19490976.2021.2018898
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Article ; Online: The Benefits of a Muscle-Sparing Below Knee Amputation in the Elderly Population.

Theriot, Jared M / Bhattarai, Prabhat / Finlay, David J

Vascular and endovascular surgery

2021 Volume 56, Issue 2, Page(s) 133–137

Abstract: Background: It is well accepted that good muscle coverage of the bones at the end of a below knee amputation (BKA) stump is preferable, for both weight bearing and protection against prosthesis failure. Elderly patients often have atrophy of the leg ... ...

Abstract	Background: It is well accepted that good muscle coverage of the bones at the end of a below knee amputation (BKA) stump is preferable, for both weight bearing and protection against prosthesis failure. Elderly patients often have atrophy of the leg musculature secondary to age-related physiological changes and decreased use. These patients often have poor coverage and bulk in their stumps after the standard BKA. We propose a selective muscle-sparing approach to these patients, utilizing selective removal of muscle bundles with regard to their blood supply and fascial planes. The surgical method technique along with outcomes of patients undergoing the procedure is presented here. Methods: A retrospective chart review was performed to identify patients who had undergone a muscle-sparing BKA from March 2008 to October 2017 by a single surgeon. Estimated blood loss, operative time, and perioperative and postoperative complications were assessed. Results: Forty-six patients greater than 60 years of age underwent muscle-sparing BKA procedures. Complete healing was seen in 30 (65%) patients, while 7 (15%) were lost to follow-up and 9 (20%) required conversion to an above knee amputation (AKA). Intraoperative outcomes in our series were notable for an average estimated blood loss (EBL) of 84.3 ml, lower than the traditional BKA (average EBL 150-500 ml), with comparable operative times averaging 131 minutes and as short as 85 minutes (skin incision to dressing). No patients in the cohort required postoperative blood transfusions (day 0-4), significantly less than the reported 3-7 ml/kg body weight blood requirements in similar patient populations. Conclusions: The muscle-sparing BKA technique should be considered in elderly patients, where the normally bulky posterior calf muscle mass is lacking. The selective removal of muscle bundles with regard to their blood supply leaves maximum coverage of the bone with decreased potential hematoma formation and blood loss.
MeSH term(s)	Aged ; Amputation ; Humans ; Leg ; Muscles ; Retrospective Studies ; Treatment Outcome
Language	English
Publishing date	2021-10-11
Publishing country	United States
Document type	Journal Article
ZDB-ID	2076272-0
ISSN	1938-9116 ; 1538-5744
ISSN (online)	1938-9116
ISSN	1538-5744
DOI	10.1177/15385744211045155
Database	MEDical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System OnLINE

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Article ; Online: Whole-genome screens reveal regulators of differentiation state and context-dependent migration in human neutrophils.

Belliveau, Nathan M / Footer, Matthew J / Akdoǧan, Emel / van Loon, Aaron P / Collins, Sean R / Theriot, Julie A

Nature communications

2023 Volume 14, Issue 1, Page(s) 5770

Abstract: Neutrophils are the most abundant leukocyte in humans and provide a critical early line of defense as part of our innate immune system. We perform a comprehensive, genome-wide assessment of the molecular factors critical to proliferation, differentiation, ...

Abstract	Neutrophils are the most abundant leukocyte in humans and provide a critical early line of defense as part of our innate immune system. We perform a comprehensive, genome-wide assessment of the molecular factors critical to proliferation, differentiation, and cell migration in a neutrophil-like cell line. Through the development of multiple migration screen strategies, we specifically probe directed (chemotaxis), undirected (chemokinesis), and 3D amoeboid cell migration in these fast-moving cells. We identify a role for mTORC1 signaling in cell differentiation, which influences neutrophil abundance, survival, and migratory behavior. Across our individual migration screens, we identify genes involved in adhesion-dependent and adhesion-independent cell migration, protein trafficking, and regulation of the actomyosin cytoskeleton. This genome-wide screening strategy, therefore, provides an invaluable approach to the study of neutrophils and provides a resource that will inform future studies of cell migration in these and other rapidly migrating cells.
MeSH term(s)	Humans ; Neutrophils ; Cell Differentiation/genetics ; Leukocytes ; Cell Movement/genetics ; Actin Cytoskeleton
Language	English
Publishing date	2023-09-18
Publishing country	England
Document type	Journal Article ; Research Support, N.I.H., Extramural ; Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't
ZDB-ID	2553671-0
ISSN	2041-1723 ; 2041-1723
ISSN (online)	2041-1723
ISSN	2041-1723
DOI	10.1038/s41467-023-41452-x
Database	MEDical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System OnLINE

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