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Article ; Online: Neuronal nitric oxide synthase positive neurons in the human corpus callosum: a possible link with the callosal blood-oxygen-level dependent (BOLD) effect.

Sagrati, Andrea / Lorenzi, Teresa / Montanari, Eva / Morroni, Manrico / Fabri, Mara

2022 Volume 228, Issue 2, Page(s) 511–523

Abstract: Brain functions have been investigated in the past decades via the blood-oxygen-level dependent (BOLD) effect using functional magnetic resonance imaging. One hypothesis explaining the BOLD effect involves the Nitric Oxide (NO) gaseous neurotransmitter, ... ...

Abstract	Brain functions have been investigated in the past decades via the blood-oxygen-level dependent (BOLD) effect using functional magnetic resonance imaging. One hypothesis explaining the BOLD effect involves the Nitric Oxide (NO) gaseous neurotransmitter, possibly released also by cells in the corpus callosum (CC). The eventual presence of NO releasing neurons and/or glial cells in the CC can be assessed by immunohistochemistry. Serial sections both from paraffin-embedded and frozen samples of CC obtained from adult human brains autopsy were studied with immunohistochemistry and immunofluorescence analysis, using an antibody against the neuronal isoform of Nitric Oxide Synthase (nNOS), the enzyme synthetizing the NO. The staining revealed the presence of many nNOS-immunopositive cells in the CC, shown to be neurons with immunofluorescence. Neuronal NOS-positive neurons presented different morphologies, were more numerous 4 mm apart from the midline, and displayed a peak in the body of the CC. In some cases, they were located at the upper boundary of the CC, more densely packed in the proximity of the callosal arterioles. The significant presence of nNOS-immunopositive neurons within the commissure suggests their probable role in the CC neurovascular regulation in the adult brain and could explain the BOLD effect detected in human CC.
MeSH term(s)	Humans ; Corpus Callosum/metabolism ; Nitric Oxide Synthase Type I/metabolism ; Neurons/metabolism ; Brain/metabolism ; Nitric Oxide Synthase ; Oxygen ; Nitric Oxide
Chemical Substances	Nitric Oxide Synthase Type I (EC 1.14.13.39) ; Nitric Oxide Synthase (EC 1.14.13.39) ; Oxygen (S88TT14065) ; Nitric Oxide (31C4KY9ESH)
Language	English
Publishing date	2022-12-03
Publishing country	Germany
Document type	Journal Article
ZDB-ID	2273162-3
ISSN	1863-2661 ; 1863-2653
ISSN (online)	1863-2661
ISSN	1863-2653
DOI	10.1007/s00429-022-02599-3
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Article ; Online: Neuronal nitric oxyde synthase positive neurons in human indusium griseum.

Lorenzi, Teresa / Sagrati, Andrea / Montanari, Eva / Senzacqua, Martina / Morroni, Manrico / Fabri, Mara

Brain structure & function

2022 Volume 227, Issue 6, Page(s) 1981–1994

Abstract: The study was designed to analyze the nNOS positive neurons present in the indusium griseum by describing their distribution and morphology. To this purpose, sagittal serial sections from paraffin or frozen autopsy specimens of corpus callosum including ... ...

Abstract	The study was designed to analyze the nNOS positive neurons present in the indusium griseum by describing their distribution and morphology. To this purpose, sagittal serial sections from paraffin or frozen autopsy specimens of corpus callosum including the overlying indusium griseum were processed by immunohistochemistry and immunofluorescence, using an antibody against the neuronal form of the enzyme nitric oxyde synthase. To test the specificity of the antibody used, Western Blot was performed in the indusium griseum of the same specimens. The stainings revealed the presence of many neuronal nitric oxyde synthase-immunopositive neurons in human indusium griseum, located along both rostral-caudal and medio-lateral directions. In particular, they were more numerous 1 mm apart from the midline, and their number peaked over the body of the corpus callosum. They showed different morphologies; in some cases, they were located at the boundary between indusium griseum and corpus callosum, more densely packed in proximity to the pial arteries penetrating into the corpus callosum. The significant presence and distribution of neuronal nitric oxyde synthase-immunopositive neurons suggests that indusium griseum likely plays a functional role in the neurovascular regulation within the corpus callosum. Schematic representation of human adult IG and the neurovascular unit originating from sopracallosal artery (Sca) that branches into smaller arterioles (Br) (created in PowerPoint). The arterioles cross the three layers of IG (layers I, II and III) and penetrate into the CC separated from IG by the Virchow-Robin space (VRs). As the arterioles go deeper, this space disappears and the vascular basement membrane comes into direct contact with the astrocytic end-feets (intracallosal arterioles and capillaries). nNOS-immunopositive neurons (nNOS
MeSH term(s)	Astrocytes ; Corpus Callosum ; Fluorescent Antibody Technique ; Humans ; Limbic Lobe ; Neurons
Language	English
Publishing date	2022-04-08
Publishing country	Germany
Document type	Journal Article
ZDB-ID	2273162-3
ISSN	1863-2661 ; 1863-2653
ISSN (online)	1863-2661
ISSN	1863-2653
DOI	10.1007/s00429-022-02484-z
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Article: Chemically Insignificant Social Parasites Exhibit More Anti-Dehydration Behaviors than Their Hosts.

Lorenzi, Maria Cristina

Insects

2021 Volume 12, Issue 11

Abstract: Social parasites have evolved adaptations to overcome host resistance as they infiltrate host colonies and establish there. Among the chemical adaptations, a few species are chemically "insignificant"; they are poor in recognition cues (cuticular ... ...

Abstract	Social parasites have evolved adaptations to overcome host resistance as they infiltrate host colonies and establish there. Among the chemical adaptations, a few species are chemically "insignificant"; they are poor in recognition cues (cuticular hydrocarbons) and evade host detection. As cuticular hydrocarbons also serve a waterproofing function, chemical insignificance is beneficial as it protects parasites from being detected but is potentially harmful because it exposes parasites to desiccation stress. Here I tested whether the social parasites
Language	English
Publishing date	2021-11-08
Publishing country	Switzerland
Document type	Journal Article
ISSN	2075-4450
ISSN	2075-4450
DOI	10.3390/insects12111006
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Article ; Online: Catastrophizing and Hypervigilance Influence Subjective Sleep Quality in Painful TMD Patients

Poluha, Rodrigo Lorenzi / Canales, Giancarlo De la Torre / Ferreira, Dyna Mara / Stuginski-Barbosa, Juliana / Conti, Paulo César Rodrigues

Journal of oral & facial pain and headache

2023 Volume 37, Issue 1, Page(s) 47–53

Abstract: Aims: ...

Abstract	Aims:
MeSH term(s)	Humans ; Sleep Quality ; Temporomandibular Joint Disorders/complications ; Temporomandibular Joint Disorders/psychology ; Pain/etiology ; Anxiety ; Surveys and Questionnaires ; Catastrophization ; Sleep ; Sleep Wake Disorders/complications ; Sleep Wake Disorders/psychology
Language	English
Publishing date	2023-03-14
Publishing country	United States
Document type	Journal Article
ZDB-ID	2762048-7
ISSN	2333-0376 ; 2333-0384
ISSN (online)	2333-0376
ISSN	2333-0384
DOI	10.11607/ofph.3269
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Article ; Online: Social regulation of reproduction: control or signal?

Benvenuto, Chiara / Lorenzi, Maria Cristina

Trends in ecology & evolution

2023 Volume 38, Issue 11, Page(s) 1028–1040

Abstract: Traditionally, dominant breeders have been considered to be able to control the reproduction of other individuals in multimember groups that have high variance in reproductive success/reproductive skew (e.g., forced sterility/coercion of conspecifics in ... ...

Abstract	Traditionally, dominant breeders have been considered to be able to control the reproduction of other individuals in multimember groups that have high variance in reproductive success/reproductive skew (e.g., forced sterility/coercion of conspecifics in eusocial animals; sex-change suppression in sequential hermaphrodites). These actions are typically presented as active impositions by reproductively dominant individuals. However, how can individuals regulate the reproductive physiology of others? Alternatively, all contestants make reproductive decisions, and less successful individuals self-downregulate reproduction in the presence of dominant breeders. Shifting perspective from a top-down manipulation to a broader view, which includes all contenders, and using a multitaxon approach, we propose a unifying framework for the resolution of reproductive skew conflicts based on signalling rather than control, along a continuum of levels of strategic regulation of reproduction.
Language	English
Publishing date	2023-06-28
Publishing country	England
Document type	Journal Article ; Review
ZDB-ID	284965-3
ISSN	1872-8383 ; 0169-5347
ISSN (online)	1872-8383
ISSN	0169-5347
DOI	10.1016/j.tree.2023.05.009
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Article ; Online: Novel Insights from Fourier-Transform InfraRed Imaging on the Morpho-Chemical Profile of Human Corpus Callosum

Alessia Belloni / Eva Montanari / Andrea Sagrati / Teresa Lorenzi / Aurora Balloni / Francesco Paolo Busardò / Valentina Notarstefano / Mara Fabri / Elisabetta Giorgini

Applied Sciences, Vol 13, Iss 3954, p

2023 Volume 3954

Abstract: The corpus callosum (CC) is the largest interhemispheric commissure of the mammalian brain, and it includes axons, cortical neurons, and glial cells. It is mainly composed of myelin, a lipidic sheath which is produced by glial cell membranes; myelin is ... ...

Abstract	The corpus callosum (CC) is the largest interhemispheric commissure of the mammalian brain, and it includes axons, cortical neurons, and glial cells. It is mainly composed of myelin, a lipidic sheath which is produced by glial cell membranes; myelin is wrapped up around axons and plays a fundamental role in the fast conduction of neuronal electrical signals. The human CC is divided into various anatomical regions, with different axonal composition, including, from front to back, genu, body or trunk, isthmus, and splenium. Corpus callosum undergoes some alterations not only in the presence of specific physiological and pathological conditions, but also because of aging. For the first time, in the present study a hyperspectral imaging analysis of human corpus callosum was performed. The study, carried out on CC autopsy samples collected from human adult males of different ages, was focused mainly on the genu and splenium regions. By combining Fourier-transform infrared imaging and histological analyses with multivariate and univariate ones, the macromolecular composition of these regions was defined, and age-related alterations in the lipid and protein components were identified.
Keywords	corpus callosum ; myelin ; aging ; Fourier-transform infrared imaging spectroscopy ; multivariate analysis ; Technology ; T ; Engineering (General). Civil engineering (General) ; TA1-2040 ; Biology (General) ; QH301-705.5 ; Physics ; QC1-999 ; Chemistry ; QD1-999
Subject code	420
Language	English
Publishing date	2023-03-01T00:00:00Z
Publisher	MDPI AG
Document type	Article ; Online
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Article ; Online: Reply to Comment to: Tuberous Breast Associated with Chest Wall Deformity: A Challenging Planning for Breast Augmentation.

Ioppolo, Leonardo / Alessandri Bonetti, Mario / De Lorenzi, Francesca

Aesthetic plastic surgery

2024

Abstract: Even in cases of noticeable breasts asymmetry, such as in our case, it is advisable to use implants with the same volume and projection, in order to maintain a similar breast footprint and allow a similar aging behavior over time. This can be achieved by ...

Abstract	Even in cases of noticeable breasts asymmetry, such as in our case, it is advisable to use implants with the same volume and projection, in order to maintain a similar breast footprint and allow a similar aging behavior over time. This can be achieved by reducing the size of the larger breast, thereby addressing the volume discrepancy before the placement of the implants. However, in our case, the skeletal deformities resulted in a significant disparity in the projection of the right and left sides of the chest wall, hindering the use of breast implants with identical projection. Therefore, due to this asymmetrical chest wall deformity, the left prosthesis was placed behind the central and lateral glandular parenchyma, avoiding hyper-projection in the medial part of the breast.Level of Evidence V This journal requires that authors assign a level of evidence to each article. For a full description of these Evidence-Based Medicine ratings, please refer to the Table of Contents or the online Instructions to Authors www.springer.com/00266 .
Language	English
Publishing date	2024-02-27
Publishing country	United States
Document type	Letter
ZDB-ID	532791-x
ISSN	1432-5241 ; 0364-216X
ISSN (online)	1432-5241
ISSN	0364-216X
DOI	10.1007/s00266-024-03926-1
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Article ; Online: Reply to: A Two-Step Approach for Breast Augmentation with Chest Wall Deformity?

Ioppolo, Leonardo / Alessandri Bonetti, Mario / De Lorenzi, Francesca

Aesthetic plastic surgery

2024

Abstract: Patients asking for cosmetic breast surgery often appreciate that their breasts have an unpleasing appearance, but they often do not have a full appreciation of the degree of potential anatomic abnormalities of the chest wall and of the specific ... ...

Abstract	Patients asking for cosmetic breast surgery often appreciate that their breasts have an unpleasing appearance, but they often do not have a full appreciation of the degree of potential anatomic abnormalities of the chest wall and of the specific anatomical characteristics, which require a meticulous surgical planning and techniques in comparison with a standard breast cosmetic surgery. Failure to recognize this will predispose the patient to an unsatisfactory outcome and secondary deformities. To maximize surgical predictability and patients' satisfaction, the authors proposed a two-stage approach in the scenario of patients presenting with chest wall deformities and asking for breast augmentation. However, as we contemplate adopting the authors' approach to our case, we anticipate encountering two primary challenges. Firstly, utilizing custom-made 3D silicone implants might exacerbate the projection of the chondrocostal prominence present in our patient. Indeed, we believe that these implants are more beneficial for addressing concave defects (such as pectus excavatum) rather than convex prominences, as observed in our case.Level of Evidence V This journal requires that authors assign a level of evidence to each article. For a full description of these Evidence-Based Medicine ratings, please refer to the Table of Contents or the online Instructions to Authors www.springer.com/00266 .
Language	English
Publishing date	2024-02-29
Publishing country	United States
Document type	Letter
ZDB-ID	532791-x
ISSN	1432-5241 ; 0364-216X
ISSN (online)	1432-5241
ISSN	0364-216X
DOI	10.1007/s00266-024-03925-2
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Article ; Online: Hypoxia-induced expression of neuronal nitric oxide synthase in astrocytes of human corpus callosum.

Lorenzi, Teresa / Sagrati, Andrea / Montanari, Eva / Senzacqua, Martina / Morroni, Manrico / Fabri, Mara

Brain structure & function

2021 Volume 226, Issue 4, Page(s) 1353–1361

Abstract: Nitric oxide (NO) is a gaseous neurotransmitter largely diffused in the brain; among other functions, it regulates the cerebral blood flow in response to hypoxia. NO can be synthetized by three different isoforms of the enzyme NO synthase: neuronal (nNOS) ...

Abstract	Nitric oxide (NO) is a gaseous neurotransmitter largely diffused in the brain; among other functions, it regulates the cerebral blood flow in response to hypoxia. NO can be synthetized by three different isoforms of the enzyme NO synthase: neuronal (nNOS), typical of neurons, endothelial and inducible. The aim of this study was to assess nNOS expression in human corpus callosum (CC) astrocytes, and its relationship with the hypoxia duration. Autoptic samples of CC from adult human subjects have been processed with immunohistochemistry and immunofluorescence using antibodies anti-nNOS and anti-glial fibrillary acidic protein (GFAP), the astrocyte marker. Results demonstrated for the first time the presence of nNOS-immunopositive astrocytes in the human CC. In particular, nNOS-positive astrocytes were absent in subjects deceased after a short hypoxia; their number and labeling intensity, however, increased with hypoxia prolongation. Neuronal NOS immunopositivity of CC astrocytes seems thus related to the hypoxia duration and the consequent brain damage.
MeSH term(s)	Astrocytes/metabolism ; Corpus Callosum/metabolism ; Glial Fibrillary Acidic Protein/metabolism ; Humans ; Hypoxia ; Nitric Oxide ; Nitric Oxide Synthase Type I/metabolism
Chemical Substances	Glial Fibrillary Acidic Protein ; Nitric Oxide (31C4KY9ESH) ; NOS1 protein, human (EC 1.14.13.39) ; Nitric Oxide Synthase Type I (EC 1.14.13.39)
Language	English
Publishing date	2021-03-11
Publishing country	Germany
Document type	Journal Article
ZDB-ID	2273162-3
ISSN	1863-2661 ; 1863-2653
ISSN (online)	1863-2661
ISSN	1863-2653
DOI	10.1007/s00429-021-02244-5
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Article ; Online: Scattered Tubular Cells Markers in Macula Densa of Normal Human Adult Kidney.

Tossetta, Giovanni / Fantone, Sonia / Lorenzi, Teresa / Galosi, Andrea Benedetto / Sagrati, Andrea / Fabri, Mara / Marzioni, Daniela / Morroni, Manrico

International journal of molecular sciences

2022 Volume 23, Issue 18

Abstract: Background: The scattered tubular cells (STCs) are a population of resident progenitor tubular cells with expansion, self-renewal and epithelial differentiation abilities. Although these cells are localized within the proximal (PTs) and distal (DTs) ... ...

Abstract	Background: The scattered tubular cells (STCs) are a population of resident progenitor tubular cells with expansion, self-renewal and epithelial differentiation abilities. Although these cells are localized within the proximal (PTs) and distal (DTs) tubules in a normal adult kidney, their presence has never been demonstrated in human macula densa (MD). The purpose of the present study is to describe the presence of STCs in MD using specific markers such as prominin-1 (CD133), cytokeratin 7 (KRT7) and vimentin (VIM). Methods: We analyzed two sets of three consecutive serial sections for each sample. The first sections of each set were immunostained for nNOS to identify MD, the second sections were immune-stained for CD133 (specific STCs marker) while the third sections were analyzed for KRT7 (another STCs specific marker) and VIM (that stains the basal pole of the STCs) in the first and second sets, respectively, in order to study the co-expression of KRT7 and VIM with the CD133 marker. Results: CD133 was localized in some MD cells and in the adjacent DT cells. Moreover, CD133 was detected in the parietal epithelial cells of Bowman's capsule and in some proximal tubules (PT). KRT7-positive cells were identified in MD and adjacent DT cells, while KRT7 positivity was mostly confined in both DT and collecting ducts (CD) in the other areas of the renal parenchyma. CD133 and KRT7 were co-expressed in some MD and adjacent DT cells. Some of the latter cells were positive both for CD133 and VIM. CD133 was always localized in the apical part of the cells, whereas the VIM expression was evident only in the cellular basal pole. Although some cells of MD expressed VIM or CD133, none of them co-expressed VIM and CD133. Conclusions: The presence of STCs was demonstrated in human adult MD, suggesting that this structure has expansion, self-renewal and epithelial differentiation abilities, similar to all other parts of renal tubules.
MeSH term(s)	AC133 Antigen/metabolism ; Adult ; Humans ; Keratin-7/metabolism ; Kidney/metabolism ; Kidney Tubules/metabolism ; Vimentin/metabolism
Chemical Substances	AC133 Antigen ; Keratin-7 ; Vimentin
Language	English
Publishing date	2022-09-10
Publishing country	Switzerland
Document type	Journal Article
ZDB-ID	2019364-6
ISSN	1422-0067 ; 1422-0067 ; 1661-6596
ISSN (online)	1422-0067
ISSN	1422-0067 ; 1661-6596
DOI	10.3390/ijms231810504
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