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Article ; Online: "Reinforcement" by Tumor Microenvironment: The Seventh "R" of Radiobiology.

Taghizadeh-Hesary, Farzad

International journal of radiation oncology, biology, physics

2023

Language	English
Publishing date	2023-10-25
Publishing country	United States
Document type	Editorial
ZDB-ID	197614-x
ISSN	1879-355X ; 0360-3016
ISSN (online)	1879-355X
ISSN	0360-3016
DOI	10.1016/j.ijrobp.2023.09.027
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Article ; Online: The Metastatic Spread of Breast Cancer Accelerates during Sleep: How the Study Design can Affect the Results.

Houshyari, Mohammad / Taghizadeh-Hesary, Farzad

Asian Pacific journal of cancer prevention : APJCP

2023 Volume 24, Issue 2, Page(s) 353–355

Abstract: Metastasis is the most common event that determines survival in patients with breast cancer. The benefits of appropriate sleep in enhancing cancer patients' prognosis have been demonstrated. Likewise, emerging evidence has noted the positive impacts of ... ...

Abstract	Metastasis is the most common event that determines survival in patients with breast cancer. The benefits of appropriate sleep in enhancing cancer patients' prognosis have been demonstrated. Likewise, emerging evidence has noted the positive impacts of regular circadian rhythm on cancer survival. Proper sleep and regular circadian rhythm can help to improve the cancer prognosis by enhancing the immune system. Besides, circadian rhythm disruption can assist cancer progression by promoting systemic inflammation. However, a recent study by Diamantopoulou et al. titled "The Metastatic Spread of Breast Cancer Accelerates during Sleep" demonstrated that sleep can aggravate breast cancer metastasis. This article outlines how the study design can affect this controversy.
MeSH term(s)	Humans ; Female ; Breast Neoplasms ; Sleep ; Research Design ; Circadian Rhythm ; Melanoma, Cutaneous Malignant
Language	English
Publishing date	2023-02-01
Publishing country	Thailand
Document type	Journal Article
ZDB-ID	2218955-5
ISSN	2476-762X ; 1513-7368
ISSN (online)	2476-762X
ISSN	1513-7368
DOI	10.31557/APJCP.2023.24.2.353
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Article: Mitochondrial Metabolism: A New Dimension of Personalized Oncology.

Behnam, Babak / Taghizadeh-Hesary, Farzad

Cancers

2023 Volume 15, Issue 16

Abstract: Energy is needed by cancer cells to stay alive and communicate with their surroundings. The primary organelles for cellular metabolism and energy synthesis are mitochondria. Researchers recently proved that cancer cells can steal immune cells' ... ...

Abstract	Energy is needed by cancer cells to stay alive and communicate with their surroundings. The primary organelles for cellular metabolism and energy synthesis are mitochondria. Researchers recently proved that cancer cells can steal immune cells' mitochondria using nanoscale tubes. This finding demonstrates the dependence of cancer cells on normal cells for their living and function. It also denotes the importance of mitochondria in cancer cells' biology. Emerging evidence has demonstrated how mitochondria are essential for cancer cells to survive in the harsh tumor microenvironments, evade the immune system, obtain more aggressive features, and resist treatments. For instance, functional mitochondria can improve cancer resistance against radiotherapy by scavenging the released reactive oxygen species. Therefore, targeting mitochondria can potentially enhance oncological outcomes, according to this notion. The tumors' responses to anticancer treatments vary, ranging from a complete response to even cancer progression during treatment. Therefore, personalized cancer treatment is of crucial importance. So far, personalized cancer treatment has been based on genomic analysis. Evidence shows that tumors with high mitochondrial content are more resistant to treatment. This paper illustrates how mitochondrial metabolism can participate in cancer resistance to chemotherapy, immunotherapy, and radiotherapy. Pretreatment evaluation of mitochondrial metabolism can provide additional information to genomic analysis and can help to improve personalized oncological treatments. This article outlines the importance of mitochondrial metabolism in cancer biology and personalized treatments.
Language	English
Publishing date	2023-08-11
Publishing country	Switzerland
Document type	Journal Article ; Review
ZDB-ID	2527080-1
ISSN	2072-6694
ISSN	2072-6694
DOI	10.3390/cancers15164058
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Article ; Online: COVID-19 induced liver injury from a new perspective: Mitochondria.

Akbari, Hassan / Taghizadeh-Hesary, Farzad

Mitochondrion

2023 Volume 70, Page(s) 103–110

Abstract: Liver damage is a common sequela of COVID-19 (coronavirus disease 2019), worsening the clinical outcomes. However, the underlying mechanism of COVID-induced liver injury (CiLI) is still not determined. Given the crucial role of mitochondria in hepatocyte ...

Abstract	Liver damage is a common sequela of COVID-19 (coronavirus disease 2019), worsening the clinical outcomes. However, the underlying mechanism of COVID-induced liver injury (CiLI) is still not determined. Given the crucial role of mitochondria in hepatocyte metabolism and the emerging evidence denoting SARS-CoV-2 can damage human cell mitochondria, in this mini-review, we hypothesized that CiLI happens following hepatocytes' mitochondrial dysfunction. To this end, we evaluated the histologic, pathophysiologic, transcriptomic, and clinical features of CiLI from the mitochondria' eye view. Severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS‑CoV‑2), the causative agent of COVID-19, can damage hepatocytes through direct cytopathic effects or indirectly after the profound inflammatory response. Upon entering the hepatocytes, the RNA and RNA transcripts of SARS-CoV-2 engages the mitochondria. This interaction can disrupt the mitochondrial electron transport chain. In other words, SARS-CoV-2 hijacks the hepatocytes' mitochondria to support its replication. In addition, this process can lead to an improper immune response against SARS-CoV-2. Besides, this review outlines how mitochondrial dysfunction can serve as a prelude to the COVID-associated cytokine storm. Thereafter, we indicate how the nexus between COVID-19 and mitochondria can fill the gap linking CiLI and its risk factors, including old age, male sex, and comorbidities. In conclusion, this concept stresses the importance of mitochondrial metabolism in hepatocyte damage in the context of COVID-19. It notes that boosting mitochondria biogenesis can possibly serve as a prophylactic and therapeutic approach for CiLI. Further studies can reveal this notion.
MeSH term(s)	Male ; Humans ; COVID-19/metabolism ; SARS-CoV-2 ; Chemical and Drug Induced Liver Injury, Chronic/metabolism ; Mitochondria/metabolism ; Liver Diseases ; RNA
Chemical Substances	RNA (63231-63-0)
Language	English
Publishing date	2023-04-11
Publishing country	Netherlands
Document type	Journal Article ; Review
ZDB-ID	2056923-3
ISSN	1872-8278 ; 1567-7249
ISSN (online)	1872-8278
ISSN	1567-7249
DOI	10.1016/j.mito.2023.04.001
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Article ; Online: Is Mitochondrial Metabolism a New Predictive Biomarker for Antiprogrammed Cell Death Protein-1 Immunotherapy?

Houshyari, Mohammad / Taghizadeh-Hesary, Farzad

JCO oncology practice

2022 Volume 19, Issue 3, Page(s) 123–124

MeSH term(s)	Humans ; Biomarkers ; Immunotherapy
Chemical Substances	Biomarkers
Language	English
Publishing date	2022-12-05
Publishing country	United States
Document type	Journal Article ; Comment
ZDB-ID	3028198-2
ISSN	2688-1535 ; 2688-1527
ISSN (online)	2688-1535
ISSN	2688-1527
DOI	10.1200/OP.22.00733
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Article ; Online: Intra-prostatic gold fiducial marker insertion for image-guided radiotherapy (IGRT): five-year experience on 795 patients.

Mahdavi, Ali / Mofid, Bahram / Taghizadeh-Hesary, Farzad

BMC medical imaging

2023 Volume 23, Issue 1, Page(s) 79

Abstract: Introduction: Prostate cancer is the second most commonly diagnosed cancer in males. The use of intra-prostatic fiducial markers (FM) for image-guided radiotherapy (IGRT) has become widespread due to their accuracy, relatively safe use, low cost, and ... ...

Abstract	Introduction: Prostate cancer is the second most commonly diagnosed cancer in males. The use of intra-prostatic fiducial markers (FM) for image-guided radiotherapy (IGRT) has become widespread due to their accuracy, relatively safe use, low cost, and reproducibility. FM provides a tool to monitor prostate position and volume changes. Many studies reported low to moderate rates of complications following FM implantation. In the current study, we present our five years' experience regarding the insertion technique, technical success, and rates of complication and migration of intraprostatic insertion of FM gold marker. Methods: From January 2018 to January 2023, 795 patients with prostate cancer candidate for IGRT (with or without a history of radical prostatectomy) enrolled in this study. We used three fiducial markers (30.6 mm) inserted through an 18-gauge Chiba needle under transrectal ultrasonography (TRUS) guidance. The patients were observed for complications up to seven days after the procedure. Besides, the rate of marker migration was recorded. Results:* All procedures were completed successfully, and all patients tolerated the procedure well with minimal discomfort. The rate of sepsis after the procedure was 1%, and transient urinary obstruction was 1.6%. Only two patients experienced marker migration shortly after insertion, and no fiducial migration was reported throughout radiotherapy. No other major complication was recorded. Discussion: TRUS-guided intraprostatic FM implantation is technically feasible, safe, and well-tolerated in most patients. The FM migration can seldom occur, with negligible effects. This study can provide convincing evidence that TRUS-guided intra-prostatic FM insertion is an appropriate choice for IGRT.
MeSH term(s)	Male ; Humans ; Radiotherapy, Image-Guided ; Fiducial Markers ; Prostate ; Reproducibility of Results ; Prostatic Neoplasms ; Gold ; Neoplasms, Second Primary
Chemical Substances	Gold (7440-57-5)
Language	English
Publishing date	2023-06-12
Publishing country	England
Document type	Journal Article
ZDB-ID	2061975-3
ISSN	1471-2342 ; 1471-2342
ISSN (online)	1471-2342
ISSN	1471-2342
DOI	10.1186/s12880-023-01036-z
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Article ; Online: Mitochondrial metabolism: a predictive biomarker of radiotherapy efficacy and toxicity.

Taghizadeh-Hesary, Farzad / Houshyari, Mohammad / Farhadi, Mohammad

Journal of cancer research and clinical oncology

2023 Volume 149, Issue 9, Page(s) 6719–6741

Abstract: Introduction: Radiotherapy is a mainstay of cancer treatment. Clinical studies revealed a heterogenous response to radiotherapy, from a complete response to even disease progression. To that end, finding the relative prognostic factors of disease ... ...

Abstract	Introduction: Radiotherapy is a mainstay of cancer treatment. Clinical studies revealed a heterogenous response to radiotherapy, from a complete response to even disease progression. To that end, finding the relative prognostic factors of disease outcomes and predictive factors of treatment efficacy and toxicity is essential. It has been demonstrated that radiation response depends on DNA damage response, cell cycle phase, oxygen concentration, and growth rate. Emerging evidence suggests that altered mitochondrial metabolism is associated with radioresistance. Methods: This article provides a comprehensive evaluation of the role of mitochondria in radiotherapy efficacy and toxicity. In addition, it demonstrates how mitochondria might be involved in the famous 6Rs of radiobiology. Results: In terms of this idea, decreasing the mitochondrial metabolism of cancer cells may increase radiation response, and enhancing the mitochondrial metabolism of normal cells may reduce radiation toxicity. Enhancing the normal cells (including immune cells) mitochondrial metabolism can potentially improve the tumor response by enhancing immune reactivation. Future studies are invited to examine the impacts of mitochondrial metabolism on radiation efficacy and toxicity. Improving radiotherapy response with diminishing cancer cells' mitochondrial metabolism, and reducing radiotherapy toxicity with enhancing normal cells' mitochondrial metabolism.
MeSH term(s)	Humans ; Mitochondria/metabolism ; Radiobiology ; Neoplasms/pathology ; Radiation Oncology ; Biomarkers ; Radiation Injuries ; Radiation Tolerance ; Radiotherapy
Chemical Substances	Biomarkers
Language	English
Publishing date	2023-01-31
Publishing country	Germany
Document type	Journal Article ; Review
ZDB-ID	134792-5
ISSN	1432-1335 ; 0171-5216 ; 0084-5353 ; 0943-9382
ISSN (online)	1432-1335
ISSN	0171-5216 ; 0084-5353 ; 0943-9382
DOI	10.1007/s00432-023-04592-7
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Article ; Online: Reducing Virus Transmission from Heating, Ventilation, and Air Conditioning Systems of Urban Subways.

Nazari, Ata / Hong, Jiarong / Taghizadeh-Hesary, Farzad / Taghizadeh-Hesary, Farhad

Toxics

2022 Volume 10, Issue 12

Abstract: Aerosols carrying the virus inside enclosed spaces is an important mode of transmission for severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2), as supported by growing evidence. Urban subways are one of the most frequented enclosed spaces. The ... ...

Abstract	Aerosols carrying the virus inside enclosed spaces is an important mode of transmission for severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2), as supported by growing evidence. Urban subways are one of the most frequented enclosed spaces. The subway is a utilitarian and low-cost transit system in modern society. However, studies are yet to demonstrate patterns of viral transmission in subway heating, ventilation, and air conditioning (HVAC) systems. To fill this gap, we performed a computational investigation of the airflow (and associated aerosol transmission) in an urban subway cabin equipped with an HVAC system. We employed a transport equation for aerosol concentration, which was added to the basic buoyant solver to resolve the aerosol transmission inside the subway cabin. This was achieved by considering the thermal, turbulent, and induced ventilation flow effects. Using the probability of encountering aerosols on sampling surfaces crossing the passenger breathing zones, we detected the highest infection risk zones inside the urban subway under different settings. We proposed a novel HVAC system that can impede aerosol spread, both vertically and horizontally, inside the cabin. In the conventional model, the maximum probability of encountering aerosols from the breathing of infected individuals near the fresh-air ducts was equal to 51.2%. This decreased to 3.5% in the proposed HVAC model. Overall, using the proposed HVAC system for urban subways led to a decrease in the mean value of the probability of encountering the aerosol by approximately 84% compared with that of the conventional system.
Language	English
Publishing date	2022-12-17
Publishing country	Switzerland
Document type	Journal Article
ZDB-ID	2733883-6
ISSN	2305-6304 ; 2305-6304
ISSN (online)	2305-6304
ISSN	2305-6304
DOI	10.3390/toxics10120796
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Article ; Online: The powerful immune system against powerful COVID-19: A hypothesis.

Taghizadeh-Hesary, Farzad / Akbari, Hassan

Medical hypotheses

2020 Volume 140, Page(s) 109762

Abstract: On March 11, 2020, the World Health Organization declared the coronavirus outbreak a pandemic. Since December 2019, the world has experienced an outbreak of coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19). Epidemiology, risk factors, and clinical characteristics of ... ...

Abstract	On March 11, 2020, the World Health Organization declared the coronavirus outbreak a pandemic. Since December 2019, the world has experienced an outbreak of coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19). Epidemiology, risk factors, and clinical characteristics of patients with COVID-19 have been reported but the factors affecting the immune system against COVID-19 have not been well described. In this article, we provide a novel hypothesis to describe how an increase in cellular adenosine triphosphate (c-ATP) can potentially improve the efficiency of innate and adaptive immune systems to either prevent or fight off COVID-19.
MeSH term(s)	Adenosine Triphosphate/immunology ; Aged ; Apoptosis ; Betacoronavirus ; COVID-19 ; Comorbidity ; Coronavirus Infections/immunology ; Cytokines/immunology ; Female ; Humans ; Immune System ; Interferons/immunology ; Male ; Models, Theoretical ; Pandemics ; Pneumonia, Viral/immunology ; Prognosis ; SARS-CoV-2 ; Sex Factors ; Smoking ; T-Lymphocytes/immunology ; Tobacco Use Disorder/complications
Chemical Substances	Cytokines ; Adenosine Triphosphate (8L70Q75FXE) ; Interferons (9008-11-1)
Keywords	covid19
Language	English
Publishing date	2020-04-22
Publishing country	United States
Document type	Journal Article
ZDB-ID	193145-3
ISSN	1532-2777 ; 0306-9877
ISSN (online)	1532-2777
ISSN	0306-9877
DOI	10.1016/j.mehy.2020.109762
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Article: Application of artificial intelligence (AI) to control COVID-19 pandemic: Current status and future prospects.

Ashique, Sumel / Mishra, Neeraj / Mohanto, Sourav / Garg, Ashish / Taghizadeh-Hesary, Farzad / Gowda, B H Jaswanth / Chellappan, Dinesh Kumar

Heliyon

2024 Volume 10, Issue 4, Page(s) e25754

Abstract: The impact of the coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic on the everyday livelihood of people has been monumental and unparalleled. Although the pandemic has vastly affected the global healthcare system, it has also been a platform to promote and ... ...

Abstract	The impact of the coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic on the everyday livelihood of people has been monumental and unparalleled. Although the pandemic has vastly affected the global healthcare system, it has also been a platform to promote and develop pioneering applications based on autonomic artificial intelligence (AI) technology with therapeutic significance in combating the pandemic. Artificial intelligence has successfully demonstrated that it can reduce the probability of human-to-human infectivity of the virus through evaluation, analysis, and triangulation of existing data on the infectivity and spread of the virus. This review talks about the applications and significance of modern robotic and automated systems that may assist in spreading a pandemic. In addition, this study discusses intelligent wearable devices and how they could be helpful throughout the COVID-19 pandemic.
Language	English
Publishing date	2024-02-09
Publishing country	England
Document type	Journal Article ; Review
ZDB-ID	2835763-2
ISSN	2405-8440
ISSN	2405-8440
DOI	10.1016/j.heliyon.2024.e25754
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