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  1. Article ; Online: Global mapping of RNA G-quadruplexes (G4-RNAs) using G4RP-seq.

    Yang, Sunny Y / Monchaud, David / Wong, Judy M Y

    Nature protocols

    2022  Volume 17, Issue 3, Page(s) 870–889

    Abstract: Guanine-rich RNAs can fold into four-stranded structures, termed G-quadruplexes (G4-RNAs), and participate in a wide range of biological processes. Here we describe in detail a G4-RNA-specific precipitation (G4RP) protocol, which enables the ... ...

    Abstract Guanine-rich RNAs can fold into four-stranded structures, termed G-quadruplexes (G4-RNAs), and participate in a wide range of biological processes. Here we describe in detail a G4-RNA-specific precipitation (G4RP) protocol, which enables the transcriptomic profiling of G4-RNAs. The G4RP protocol consists of a chemical cross-linking step, followed by affinity capture with a G4-specific probe, BioTASQ. G4RP can be coupled with sequencing to capture a comprehensive global snapshot of folded G4-RNAs. This method can also be used to profile induced changes (i.e., through G4 ligand treatments) within the G4-RNA transcriptome. The entire protocol can be completed in 1-2 weeks and can be scaled up or down depending on the specific experimental goals. In addition to the protocol details, we also provide here a guide for optimization in different laboratory setups.
    MeSH term(s) G-Quadruplexes ; Ligands ; RNA/chemistry ; RNA/genetics ; Transcriptome
    Chemical Substances Ligands ; RNA (63231-63-0)
    Language English
    Publishing date 2022-02-09
    Publishing country England
    Document type Journal Article ; Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't ; Review
    ZDB-ID 2244966-8
    ISSN 1750-2799 ; 1754-2189
    ISSN (online) 1750-2799
    ISSN 1754-2189
    DOI 10.1038/s41596-021-00671-6
    Database MEDical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System OnLINE

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  2. Article ; Online: What is unknown in using microbiota as a therapeutic?

    Sung, Joseph J Y / Wong, Sunny H

    Journal of gastroenterology and hepatology

    2021  Volume 37, Issue 1, Page(s) 39–44

    Abstract: Fecal microbiota transplantation (FMT) has been used extensively in the treatment of various gastrointestinal and extraintestinal conditions, despite that there are still a lot of missing gaps in our knowledge in the gut microbiota and its behavior. This ...

    Abstract Fecal microbiota transplantation (FMT) has been used extensively in the treatment of various gastrointestinal and extraintestinal conditions, despite that there are still a lot of missing gaps in our knowledge in the gut microbiota and its behavior. This article describes the unknowns in microbiota biology (undetected microbes, uncertain colonization, unclear mechanisms of action, uncertain indications, unsure long-term efficacy, or side effects). We discuss how these unknowns may affect the therapeutic uses of FMT, and the potentials and caveats of other related microbiota-based therapies. When used as an experimental therapy or last resort in difficult conditions, caution should be taken against inadvertent complications. Clear documentations of post-treatment events should be made mandatory, classified, and graded as in clinical trials. Further robust scientific experiments and properly designed clinical studies are needed.
    MeSH term(s) Fecal Microbiota Transplantation ; Gastrointestinal Microbiome ; Humans
    Language English
    Publishing date 2021-11-02
    Publishing country Australia
    Document type Journal Article ; Review
    ZDB-ID 632882-9
    ISSN 1440-1746 ; 0815-9319
    ISSN (online) 1440-1746
    ISSN 0815-9319
    DOI 10.1111/jgh.15716
    Database MEDical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System OnLINE

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  3. Article ; Online: Preparing the hair follicle canal for hair shaft emergence.

    Mesler, Arlee L / Benedeck, Rachel E / Wong, Sunny Y

    Experimental dermatology

    2020  Volume 30, Issue 4, Page(s) 472–478

    Abstract: The emergence of hair is a defining event during mammalian skin development, but the cellular mechanisms leading to the opening of the hair follicle canal remain poorly characterized. Our previous studies have shown that early hair buds possess a central ...

    Abstract The emergence of hair is a defining event during mammalian skin development, but the cellular mechanisms leading to the opening of the hair follicle canal remain poorly characterized. Our previous studies have shown that early hair buds possess a central column of differentiated keratinocytes expressing Keratin 79 (K79), which marks the future hair follicle opening. Here, we report that during late embryogenesis and early postnatal development, K79+ cells at the distal tips of these columns downregulate E-cadherin, change shape, recede and undergo cell death. These changes likely occur independently of sebaceous glands and the growing hair shaft, and serve to create an orifice for hair to subsequently emerge. Defects in this process may underlie phenomena such as ingrown hair or may potentially contribute to upper hair follicle pathologies including acne, hidradenitis suppurativa and infundibular cysts.
    MeSH term(s) Animals ; Hair Follicle/growth & development ; Keratins/metabolism ; Mice ; Mice, Inbred C57BL ; Sebaceous Glands/metabolism ; Skin Physiological Phenomena
    Chemical Substances Keratins (68238-35-7)
    Language English
    Publishing date 2020-12-10
    Publishing country Denmark
    Document type Journal Article ; Research Support, N.I.H., Extramural ; Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't
    ZDB-ID 1130936-2
    ISSN 1600-0625 ; 0906-6705
    ISSN (online) 1600-0625
    ISSN 0906-6705
    DOI 10.1111/exd.14210
    Database MEDical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System OnLINE

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  4. Article ; Online: Use of probiotics, prebiotics, and synbiotics in non-alcoholic fatty liver disease: A systematic review and meta-analysis.

    Rong, Lim / Ch'ng, Daniel / Jia, Pingping / Tsoi, Kelvin K F / Wong, Sunny H / Sung, Joseph J Y

    Journal of gastroenterology and hepatology

    2023  Volume 38, Issue 10, Page(s) 1682–1694

    Abstract: Background and aim: Patients with non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) exhibit compositional changes in their gut microbiome, which represents a potential therapeutic target. Probiotics, prebiotics, and synbiotics are microbiome-targeted therapies ... ...

    Abstract Background and aim: Patients with non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) exhibit compositional changes in their gut microbiome, which represents a potential therapeutic target. Probiotics, prebiotics, and synbiotics are microbiome-targeted therapies that have been proposed as treatment for NAFLD. We aim to systematically review the effects of these therapies in liver-related outcomes of NAFLD patients.
    Methods: We conducted a systematic search in Embase (Ovid), Medline (Ovid), Scopus, Cochrane, and EBSCOhost from inception to August 19, 2022. We included randomized controlled trials (RCTs) that treated NAFLD patients with prebiotics and/or probiotics. We meta-analyzed the outcomes using standardized mean difference (SMD) and assessed study heterogeneity using Cochran's Q test and I
    Results: A total of 41 (18 probiotics, 17 synbiotics, and 6 prebiotics) RCTs were included. Pooled data demonstrated that the intervention had significantly improved liver steatosis (measured by ultrasound grading) (SMD: 4.87; 95% confidence interval [CI]: 3.27, 7.25), fibrosis (SMD: -0.61 kPa; 95% CI: -1.12, -0.09 kPa), and liver enzymes including alanine transaminase (SMD: -0.86 U/L; 95% CI: -1.16, -0.56 U/L), aspartate transaminase (SMD: -0.87 U/L; 95% CI: -1.22, -0.52 U/L), and gamma-glutamyl transferase (SMD: -0.77 U/L; 95% CI: -1.26, -0.29 U/L).
    Conclusions: Microbiome-targeted therapies were associated with significant improvements in liver-related outcomes in NAFLD patients. Nevertheless, limitations in existing literature like heterogeneity in probiotic strains, dosage, and formulation undermine our findings. This study was registered with PROSPERO (CRD42022354562) and supported by the Nanyang Technological University Start-up Grant and Wang Lee Wah Memorial Fund.
    MeSH term(s) Humans ; Synbiotics ; Prebiotics ; Non-alcoholic Fatty Liver Disease/therapy ; Probiotics/therapeutic use
    Chemical Substances Prebiotics
    Language English
    Publishing date 2023-07-06
    Publishing country Australia
    Document type Meta-Analysis ; Systematic Review ; Journal Article ; Review
    ZDB-ID 632882-9
    ISSN 1440-1746 ; 0815-9319
    ISSN (online) 1440-1746
    ISSN 0815-9319
    DOI 10.1111/jgh.16256
    Database MEDical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System OnLINE

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  5. Article ; Online: Is this the end of colonoscopy screening for colorectal cancer? An Asia-Pacific perspective.

    Lui, Rashid N / Wong, Sunny H / Ding, Nik Sheng / Sekiguchi, Masau / Yu, Jun / Ang, Tiing-Leong / Yeoh, Khay-Guan / Chiu, Han-Mo / Sung, Joseph J Y

    Journal of gastroenterology and hepatology

    2023  Volume 38, Issue 5, Page(s) 671–677

    MeSH term(s) Humans ; Early Detection of Cancer ; Asia/epidemiology ; Colonoscopy ; Colorectal Neoplasms/diagnosis ; Colorectal Neoplasms/epidemiology ; Colorectal Neoplasms/prevention & control ; Mass Screening ; Occult Blood
    Language English
    Publishing date 2023-03-28
    Publishing country Australia
    Document type Editorial ; Comment
    ZDB-ID 632882-9
    ISSN 1440-1746 ; 0815-9319
    ISSN (online) 1440-1746
    ISSN 0815-9319
    DOI 10.1111/jgh.16182
    Database MEDical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System OnLINE

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  6. Article ; Online: Altered gut microbiota of obesity subjects promotes colorectal carcinogenesis in mice.

    Kang, Xing / Ng, Siu-Kin / Liu, Changan / Lin, Yufeng / Zhou, Yunfei / Kwong, Thomas N Y / Ni, Yunbi / Lam, Thomas Y T / Wu, William K K / Wei, Hong / Sung, Joseph J Y / Yu, Jun / Wong, Sunny H

    EBioMedicine

    2023  Volume 93, Page(s) 104670

    Abstract: Background: Obesity is a risk factor for colorectal cancer (CRC). The role of gut microbiota in mediating the cancer-promoting effect of obesity is unknown.: Methods: Azoxymethane (AOM)-treated, Apc: Findings: Conventional AOM-treated and Apc: ... ...

    Abstract Background: Obesity is a risk factor for colorectal cancer (CRC). The role of gut microbiota in mediating the cancer-promoting effect of obesity is unknown.
    Methods: Azoxymethane (AOM)-treated, Apc
    Findings: Conventional AOM-treated and Apc
    Interpretation: Our results supported the role of obesity-associated microbiota in colorectal carcinogenesis and identified putative bacterial candidates that may mediate its mechanisms. Microbiota modulation in obese individuals may provide new approaches to prevent or treat obesity-related cancers including CRC.
    Funding: This work was funded by National Key Research and Development Program of China (2020YFA0509200/2020YFA0509203), National Natural Science Foundation of China (81922082), RGC Theme-based Research Scheme Hong Kong (T21-705/20-N), RGC Research Impact Fund Hong Kong (R4632-21F), RGC-CRF Hong Kong (C4039-19GF and C7065-18GF), RGC-GRF Hong Kong (14110819, 14111621), and NTU Start-Up Grant (021337-00001).
    MeSH term(s) Humans ; Mice ; Animals ; Gastrointestinal Microbiome ; Colonic Neoplasms ; Carcinogenesis ; Obesity/complications ; Azoxymethane/toxicity ; Colorectal Neoplasms/genetics ; Mice, Inbred C57BL ; Disease Models, Animal
    Chemical Substances Azoxymethane (MO0N1J0SEN)
    Language English
    Publishing date 2023-06-19
    Publishing country Netherlands
    Document type Journal Article
    ZDB-ID 2851331-9
    ISSN 2352-3964
    ISSN (online) 2352-3964
    DOI 10.1016/j.ebiom.2023.104670
    Database MEDical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System OnLINE

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  7. Article ; Online: Identifying a Capability Framework That Could Mitigate the Coronavirus Disease 2019 Pandemic in a Global Health Community.

    Wong, Martin C S / Huang, Junjie / Teoh, Jeremy Y C / Wong, Sunny H

    The Journal of infectious diseases

    2020  Volume 222, Issue 5, Page(s) 880–881

    MeSH term(s) Betacoronavirus ; COVID-19 ; Communicable Diseases, Emerging/prevention & control ; Coronavirus Infections/prevention & control ; Coronavirus Infections/virology ; Epidemiological Monitoring ; Global Health ; Humans ; Pandemics/prevention & control ; Pneumonia, Viral/prevention & control ; Pneumonia, Viral/virology ; Public Health ; Quarantine/methods ; SARS-CoV-2
    Keywords covid19
    Language English
    Publishing date 2020-06-15
    Publishing country United States
    Document type Letter
    ZDB-ID 3019-3
    ISSN 1537-6613 ; 0022-1899
    ISSN (online) 1537-6613
    ISSN 0022-1899
    DOI 10.1093/infdis/jiaa357
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  8. Article ; Online: Minimally invasive versus open liver resection for hepatocellular carcinoma: a propensity score matching analysis of 224 patients.

    Wong, Kam Cheung / Lee, Kit Fai / Lo, Eugene Y J / Fung, Andrew K Y / Lok, Hon Ting / Cheung, Sunny Y S / Ng, Kelvin K C / Wong, John / Lai, Paul B S / Chong, Charing C N

    Langenbeck's archives of surgery

    2023  Volume 408, Issue 1, Page(s) 118

    Abstract: Purpose: To compare the peri-operative and long-term survival outcomes of minimally invasive liver resection (MILR) (robotic or laparoscopic) with open liver resection (OLR) in patients with hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC).: Methods: Data of patients ... ...

    Abstract Purpose: To compare the peri-operative and long-term survival outcomes of minimally invasive liver resection (MILR) (robotic or laparoscopic) with open liver resection (OLR) in patients with hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC).
    Methods: Data of patients who underwent liver resection for HCC were reviewed from a prospectively collected database. Outcomes of MILR were compared with those of OLR. A propensity score matching analysis with a ratio of 1:1 was performed to minimise the potential bias in clinical pathological factors.
    Results: From January 2003 to December 2017, a total of 705 patients underwent liver resection for HCC. Amongst them, 112 patients received MILR and 593 patients received OLR. After propensity score matching, there were 112 patients in each of the MILR and OLR groups. Patients were matched by age, sex, hepatitis status, presence of cirrhosis, platelet count, albumin level, bilirubin level, alkaline phosphatase (ALP) level, alanine transferase (ALT) level, creatinine level, tumour differentiation, tumour size, tumour number, presence of tumour rupture, presence of vascular invasion, extent of liver resection (minor/major) and difficulty score. The 1-, 3- and 5-year overall survival rates were 94.4%, 90.4% and 82.3% in the MILR group vs 95.4%, 80.5% and 71.8% in the open group (p = 0.240). The 1-, 3- and 5-year disease-free survival rates were 81.0%, 63.1% and 55.8% in the MILR group vs 79.1%, 58.1% and 45.7 in the open group (p = 0.449). The MILR group demonstrated significantly less blood loss (p < 0.001), less blood transfusion (p = 0.004), lower post-operative complications (p < 0.001) and shorter hospital stay (p < 0.001) when compared with the OLR group.
    Conclusions: Our data shows MILR yielded superior post-operative outcomes to OLR, with comparable survival outcomes.
    MeSH term(s) Humans ; Liver/surgery ; Carcinoma, Hepatocellular/surgery ; Propensity Score ; Minimally Invasive Surgical Procedures ; Robotic Surgical Procedures ; Laparoscopy ; Survival Rate ; Hepatectomy/methods ; Male ; Female ; Middle Aged ; Aged ; Length of Stay ; Postoperative Complications/epidemiology ; Postoperative Hemorrhage/epidemiology ; Blood Transfusion ; Neoplasm Recurrence, Local/epidemiology
    Language English
    Publishing date 2023-03-14
    Publishing country Germany
    Document type Comparative Study ; Journal Article
    ZDB-ID 1423681-3
    ISSN 1435-2451 ; 1435-2443
    ISSN (online) 1435-2451
    ISSN 1435-2443
    DOI 10.1007/s00423-023-02857-w
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  9. Article ; Online: Altered gut metabolites and microbiota interactions are implicated in colorectal carcinogenesis and can be non-invasive diagnostic biomarkers.

    Coker, Olabisi Oluwabukola / Liu, Changan / Wu, William Ka Kei / Wong, Sunny Hei / Jia, Wei / Sung, Joseph J Y / Yu, Jun

    Microbiome

    2022  Volume 10, Issue 1, Page(s) 35

    Abstract: Background: Gut microbiota contributes to colorectal cancer (CRC) pathogenesis through microbes and their metabolites. The importance of microbiota-associated metabolites in colorectal carcinogenesis highlights the need to investigate the gut metabolome ...

    Abstract Background: Gut microbiota contributes to colorectal cancer (CRC) pathogenesis through microbes and their metabolites. The importance of microbiota-associated metabolites in colorectal carcinogenesis highlights the need to investigate the gut metabolome along the adenoma-carcinoma sequence to determine their mechanistic implications in the pathogenesis of CRC. To date, how and which microbes and metabolites interactively promote early events of CRC development are still largely unclear. We aim to determine gut microbiota-associated metabolites and their linkage to colorectal carcinogenesis.
    Results: We performed metabolomics and metagenomics profiling on fecal samples from 386 subjects including 118 CRC patients, 140 colorectal adenomas (CRA) patients and 128 healthy subjects as normal controls (NC). We identified differences in the gut metabolite profiles among NC, CRA and CRC groups by partial least squares-discriminant and principal component analyses. Among the altered metabolites, norvaline and myristic acid showed increasing trends from NC, through CRA, to CRC. CRC-associated metabolites were enriched in branched-chain amino acids, aromatic amino acids and aminoacyl-tRNA biosynthesis pathways. Moreover, metabolites marker signature (twenty metabolites) classified CRC from NC subjects with an area under the curve (AUC) of 0.80, and CRC from CRA with an AUC of 0.79. Integrative analyses of metabolomics and metagenomics profiles demonstrated that the relationships among CRC-associated metabolites and bacteria were altered across CRC stages; certain associations exhibited increasing or decreasing strengths while some were reversed from negative to positive or vice versa. Combinations of gut bacteria with the metabolite markers improved their diagnostic performances; CRC vs NC, AUC: 0.94; CRC vs CRA, AUC 0.92; and CRA vs NC, AUC: 0.86, indicating a potential for early diagnosis of colorectal neoplasia.
    Conclusions: This study underscores potential early-driver metabolites in stages of colorectal tumorigenesis. The Integrated metabolite and microbiome analysis demonstrates that gut metabolites and their association with gut microbiota are perturbed along colorectal carcinogenesis. Fecal metabolites can be utilized, in addition to bacteria, for non-invasive diagnosis of colorectal neoplasia. Video Abstract.
    MeSH term(s) Adenoma/diagnosis ; Carcinogenesis ; Colorectal Neoplasms/genetics ; Feces/microbiology ; Gastrointestinal Microbiome/genetics ; Humans ; Microbiota/genetics
    Language English
    Publishing date 2022-02-21
    Publishing country England
    Document type Journal Article ; Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't ; Video-Audio Media
    ZDB-ID 2697425-3
    ISSN 2049-2618 ; 2049-2618
    ISSN (online) 2049-2618
    ISSN 2049-2618
    DOI 10.1186/s40168-021-01208-5
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  10. Article: Distinct mechanisms for sebaceous gland self-renewal and regeneration provide durability in response to injury.

    Veniaminova, Natalia A / Jia, Yunlong / Hartigan, Adrien M / Huyge, Thomas J / Tsai, Shih-Ying / Grachtchouk, Marina / Nakagawa, Seitaro / Dlugosz, Andrzej A / Atwood, Scott X / Wong, Sunny Y

    bioRxiv : the preprint server for biology

    2023  

    Abstract: Sebaceous glands (SGs) release oils that protect our skin, but how these glands respond to injury has not been previously examined. Here, we report that SGs are largely self-renewed by dedicated stem cell pools during homeostasis. Using targeted single ... ...

    Abstract Sebaceous glands (SGs) release oils that protect our skin, but how these glands respond to injury has not been previously examined. Here, we report that SGs are largely self-renewed by dedicated stem cell pools during homeostasis. Using targeted single cell RNA-sequencing, we uncovered both direct and indirect paths by which these resident SG progenitors ordinarily differentiate into sebocytes, including transit through a PPARγ+Krt5+ transitional cell state. Upon skin injury, however, SG progenitors depart their niche, reepithelialize the wound, and are replaced by hair follicle-derived stem cells. Furthermore, following targeted genetic ablation of >99% of SGs from dorsal skin, these glands unexpectedly regenerate within weeks. This regenerative process is mediated by alternative stem cells originating from the hair follicle bulge, is dependent upon FGFR signaling, and can be accelerated by inducing hair growth. Altogether, our studies demonstrate that stem cell plasticity promotes SG durability following injury.
    Language English
    Publishing date 2023-05-05
    Publishing country United States
    Document type Preprint
    DOI 10.1101/2023.05.05.539454
    Database MEDical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System OnLINE

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