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Article: Energy expenditure in myelofibrosis patients treated with a JAK1/2 inhibitor.

Tremblay, Douglas / Dougherty, Mikaela / Mascarenhas, John / Gallagher, Emily Jane

2023 Volume 14, Page(s) 1141029

Abstract: Weight gain is a known adverse effect of ruxolitinib, a JAK1/2 inhibitor that is the mainstay of treatment for many patients with myelofibrosis. The mechanisms behind weight increase with ruxolitinib is incompletely understood, although decreased adipose ...

Abstract	Weight gain is a known adverse effect of ruxolitinib, a JAK1/2 inhibitor that is the mainstay of treatment for many patients with myelofibrosis. The mechanisms behind weight increase with ruxolitinib is incompletely understood, although decreased adipose tissue lipolysis and increased appetite due to blocking the effects of leptin in the hypothalamus have been proposed. In order to explore the metabolic changes in ruxolitinib-treated patients with myelofibrosis, we performed a pilot study to assess the feasibility of using a portable indirect calorimeter to quantify energy expenditure before and during ruxolitinib treatment and report the results of two patients. Waist circumference increased during ruxolitinib treatment in both patients. Energy expenditure initially increased followed by a decrease and then increase again, but to levels below baseline. These results suggest that weight gain secondary to ruxolitinib may be related to changes in whole body energy expenditure.
MeSH term(s)	Humans ; Primary Myelofibrosis/drug therapy ; Primary Myelofibrosis/complications ; Pilot Projects ; Nitriles ; Weight Gain ; Energy Metabolism ; Janus Kinase 1
Chemical Substances	ruxolitinib (82S8X8XX8H) ; Nitriles ; JAK1 protein, human (EC 2.7.10.2) ; Janus Kinase 1 (EC 2.7.10.2)
Language	English
Publishing date	2023-06-29
Publishing country	Switzerland
Document type	Journal Article ; Review ; Research Support, N.I.H., Extramural
ZDB-ID	2592084-4
ISSN	1664-2392
ISSN	1664-2392
DOI	10.3389/fendo.2023.1141029
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Article ; Online: Discrepancies in estradiol levels in a premenopausal woman receiving abemaciclib despite ovarian function suppression and bilateral salpingo-oophorectomy.

Kessler, Alaina J / Patel, Rima / Gallagher, Emily Jane / Shao, Theresa / Fasano, Julie

Current problems in cancer. Case reports

2023 Volume 9

Abstract: Abemaciclib is approved for use in the adjuvant setting in combination with endocrine therapy for patients with high-risk, hormone receptor-positive, HER2-negative early-stage breast cancer based on the monarchE trial. Options for endocrine therapy for ... ...

Abstract	Abemaciclib is approved for use in the adjuvant setting in combination with endocrine therapy for patients with high-risk, hormone receptor-positive, HER2-negative early-stage breast cancer based on the monarchE trial. Options for endocrine therapy for premenopausal women include an aromatase inhibitor with ovarian function suppression or tamoxifen with or without ovarian suppression. We describe a unique case of a premenopausal woman with early-stage breast cancer receiving adjuvant abemaciclib and an aromatase inhibitor with elevated estradiol levels as measured by the Abbott Alinity chemiluminescent immunoassay despite chemical and surgical ovarian function suppression. Given low estradiol levels using liquid chromatography-mass spectrometry testing following a bilateral salpingo-oopherectomy, our case report suggests an interference of abemaciclib with the Abbott Alinity immunoassay. This possible interference has significant impacts on clinical care as false elevations in estradiol levels measured by immunoassays can lead to unnecessary treatment changes, including surgery.
Language	English
Publishing date	2023-02-16
Publishing country	United States
Document type	Journal Article
ISSN	2666-6219
ISSN (online)	2666-6219
DOI	10.1016/j.cpccr.2023.100224
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Article: Obesity, Type 2 Diabetes, and Cancer Risk.

Scully, Tiffany / Ettela, Abora / LeRoith, Derek / Gallagher, Emily Jane

Frontiers in oncology

2021 Volume 10, Page(s) 615375

Abstract: Obesity and type 2 diabetes have both been associated with increased cancer risk and are becoming increasingly prevalent. Metabolic abnormalities such as insulin resistance and dyslipidemia are associated with both obesity and type 2 diabetes and have ... ...

Abstract	Obesity and type 2 diabetes have both been associated with increased cancer risk and are becoming increasingly prevalent. Metabolic abnormalities such as insulin resistance and dyslipidemia are associated with both obesity and type 2 diabetes and have been implicated in the obesity-cancer relationship. Multiple mechanisms have been proposed to link obesity and diabetes with cancer progression, including an increase in insulin/IGF-1 signaling, lipid and glucose uptake and metabolism, alterations in the profile of cytokines, chemokines, and adipokines, as well as changes in the adipose tissue directly adjacent to the cancer sites. This review aims to summarize and provide an update on the epidemiological and mechanistic evidence linking obesity and type 2 diabetes with cancer, focusing on the roles of insulin, lipids, and adipose tissue.
Language	English
Publishing date	2021-02-02
Publishing country	Switzerland
Document type	Journal Article ; Review
ZDB-ID	2649216-7
ISSN	2234-943X
ISSN	2234-943X
DOI	10.3389/fonc.2020.615375
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Article ; Online: Unregulated LDL cholesterol uptake is detrimental to breast cancer cells.

Scully, Tiffany / Ettela, Abora / Kase, Nathan / LeRoith, Derek / Gallagher, Emily Jane

Endocrine-related cancer

2022 Volume 30, Issue 1

Abstract: Tumor uptake of exogenous cholesterol has been associated with the proliferation of various cancers. Previously, we and others have shown that hypercholesterolemia promotes tumor growth and silencing of the LDL receptor (LDLR) in high LDLR-expressing ... ...

Abstract	Tumor uptake of exogenous cholesterol has been associated with the proliferation of various cancers. Previously, we and others have shown that hypercholesterolemia promotes tumor growth and silencing of the LDL receptor (LDLR) in high LDLR-expressing tumors reduces growth. To advance understanding of how LDL uptake promotes tumor growth, LDLR expression was amplified in breast cancer cell lines with endogenously low LDLR expression. Murine (Mvt1) and human (MDA-MB-468) breast cancer cell lines were transduced to overexpress human LDLR (LDLROE). Successful transduction was confirmed by RNA and protein analysis. Fluorescence-labeled LDL uptake was increased in both Mvt1 and MDA-MD-468 LDLROE cells. The expression of the cholesterol-metabolizing genes, ABCA1 and ABCG1, was increased, while HMGCR was decreased in the MDA-MB-468 LDLROE cells. In contrast, Mvt1 LDLROE cells showed no differences in Abca1 and Abcg1 expression and increased Hmgcr expression. Using a Seahorse analyzer, Mvt1 LDLROE cells showed increased respiration (ATP-linked and maximal) relative to controls, while no statistically significant changes in respiration in MDA-MB-468 LDLROE cells were observed. Growth of LDLROE cells was reduced in culture and in hypercholesterolemic mice by two-fold. However, the expression of proliferation-associated markers (Ki67, PCNA and BrdU-label incorporation) was not decreased in the Mvt1 LDLROE tumors and cells. Caspase-3 cleavage, which is associated with apoptosis, was increased in both the Mvt1 and MDA-MB-468 LDLROE cells relative to controls, with the Mvt1 LDLROE cells also showing decreased phosphorylation of p44/42MAPK. Taken together, our work suggests that while additional LDL can promote tumor growth, unregulated and prolonged LDL uptake is detrimental.
Language	English
Publishing date	2022-12-12
Publishing country	England
Document type	Journal Article
ZDB-ID	1218450-0
ISSN	1479-6821 ; 1351-0088
ISSN (online)	1479-6821
ISSN	1351-0088
DOI	10.1530/ERC-22-0234
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Article ; Online: World leaders describe the latest in IGF research.

Gallagher, Emily Jane / LeRoith, Derek

Journal of molecular endocrinology

2018 Volume 61, Issue 1, Page(s) E1–E3

MeSH term(s)	Animals ; Growth Hormone/genetics ; Growth Hormone/metabolism ; Humans ; Insulin-Like Growth Factor Binding Proteins/genetics ; Insulin-Like Growth Factor Binding Proteins/metabolism ; Insulin-Like Growth Factor I/genetics ; Insulin-Like Growth Factor I/metabolism
Chemical Substances	Insulin-Like Growth Factor Binding Proteins ; Insulin-Like Growth Factor I (67763-96-6) ; Growth Hormone (9002-72-6)
Language	English
Publishing date	2018-06-29
Publishing country	England
Document type	Editorial
ZDB-ID	645012-x
ISSN	1479-6813 ; 0952-5041
ISSN (online)	1479-6813
ISSN	0952-5041
DOI	10.1530/JME-18-0106
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Article: THE INTERPLAY BETWEEN ENDOCRINOLOGY AND ONCOLOGY: THE NEW ROLE OF THE ENDOCRINOLOGIST.

Gallagher, Emily Jane / LeRoith, Derek

Endocrine practice : official journal of the American College of Endocrinology and the American Association of Clinical Endocrinologists

2017 Volume 23, Issue 10, Page(s) 1167–1168

MeSH term(s)	Diabetes Mellitus/etiology ; Diabetes Mellitus/therapy ; Endocrine Gland Neoplasms/etiology ; Endocrine Gland Neoplasms/therapy ; Endocrinologists ; Endocrinology/methods ; Endocrinology/organization & administration ; Humans ; Medical Oncology/methods ; Medical Oncology/organization & administration ; Molecular Targeted Therapy/methods ; Molecular Targeted Therapy/trends ; Neoplasms/etiology ; Neoplasms/therapy ; Obesity/etiology ; Obesity/therapy ; Physician's Role ; Workforce
Language	English
Publishing date	2017-08-17
Publishing country	United States
Document type	Editorial
ZDB-ID	1473503-9
ISSN	1530-891X
ISSN	1530-891X
DOI	10.4158/EP171997.ED
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Zs.A 5034: Show issues			Location: Je nach Verfügbarkeit (siehe Angabe bei Bestand) bis Jg. 1994: Bestellungen von Artikeln über das Online-Bestellformular Jg. 1995 - 2021: Lesesall (2.OG) ab Jg. 2022: Lesesaal (EG)
Zs.MO 508: Show issues

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Article ; Online: Diabetes and cancer.

Zelenko, Zara / Gallagher, Emily Jane

Endocrinology and metabolism clinics of North America

2014 Volume 43, Issue 1, Page(s) 167–185

Abstract: Diabetes is a worldwide health problem that has been increasingly associated with various types of cancers. Epidemiologic studies have shown an increased risk of cancer as well as a higher mortality rate in patients with type 2 diabetes (T2D). The ... ...

Abstract	Diabetes is a worldwide health problem that has been increasingly associated with various types of cancers. Epidemiologic studies have shown an increased risk of cancer as well as a higher mortality rate in patients with type 2 diabetes (T2D). The biologic mechanisms driving the link between T2D and cancer are not well understood. In this review, various proposed mechanisms are addressed to explain the relationship between T2D and cancer. Understanding the precise mechanisms that link T2D, obesity, and the metabolic syndrome with cancer will aid in developing treatments that will reduce mortality in individuals with T2D and cancer.
MeSH term(s)	Diabetes Mellitus, Type 2/complications ; Diabetes Mellitus, Type 2/immunology ; Diabetes Mellitus, Type 2/metabolism ; Humans ; Neoplasms/etiology ; Neoplasms/immunology ; Neoplasms/metabolism
Language	English
Publishing date	2014-03
Publishing country	United States
Document type	Journal Article ; Review
ZDB-ID	92116-6
ISSN	1558-4410 ; 0889-8529
ISSN (online)	1558-4410
ISSN	0889-8529
DOI	10.1016/j.ecl.2013.09.008
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Article ; Online: Where you live can impact your cancer risk: a look at multiple myeloma in New York City.

Kamath, Geetanjali R / Renteria, Anne S / Jagannath, Sundar / Gallagher, Emily Jane / Parekh, Samir / Bickell, Nina A

Annals of epidemiology

2020 Volume 48, Page(s) 43–50.e4

Abstract: Purpose: To visualize variation in multiple myeloma (MM) incidence and mortality rates by race-ethnicity and geographic location and evaluate their correlation with neighborhood-level population covariates within New York City (NYC).: Methods: Trends ...

Abstract	Purpose: To visualize variation in multiple myeloma (MM) incidence and mortality rates by race-ethnicity and geographic location and evaluate their correlation with neighborhood-level population covariates within New York City (NYC). Methods: Trends and racial differences in MM incidence and mortality for the United States [Surveillance, Epidemiology, and End Results Cancer Registry (SEER), National Center for Health Statistics], and NYC [New York State Cancer Registry] were compared using Joinpoint regression. Pearson's correlation coefficients measured neighborhood-level MM-covariate relationships (n = 34). Results: MM incidence rates are double in African-Americans compared with Whites, in SEER-13 areas (rate ratio (RR) = 2.27; 95% confidence interval [CI] = 2.22-2.32) and NYC (RR = 2.11; 95% CI = 2.03-2.20). Incidence rates increased faster in NYC (average annual percentage change difference, -1.1; 95% CI, -2.3 to -0.1). NYC African-American men experienced the steepest increase in mortality rates after 2001. In NYC, strong neighborhood-level correlations exist between incidence and mortality rates and high prevalence of residents of African ancestry, Latin American birth, daily sugary beverage and low fruit and vegetable consumption, and neighborhood walkability. Higher MM mortality also correlates with Hispanic ethnicity, obesity, diabetes, poverty, HIV/AIDS, air benzene concentration, and indoor pesticide use. Conclusions: NYC neighborhoods with large minority populations have higher prevalence of poverty-related factors associated with MM incidence and mortality, warranting public health policies to address exposures and access to care.
MeSH term(s)	Adolescent ; Adult ; African Americans/statistics & numerical data ; Aged ; Aged, 80 and over ; Ethnic Groups ; European Continental Ancestry Group/statistics & numerical data ; Female ; Health Services Accessibility ; Health Status Disparities ; Humans ; Incidence ; Male ; Middle Aged ; Mortality/ethnology ; Mortality/trends ; Multiple Myeloma/diagnosis ; Multiple Myeloma/ethnology ; New York City/epidemiology ; Population Surveillance/methods ; Poverty ; Residence Characteristics ; Social Determinants of Health ; Socioeconomic Factors ; United States/epidemiology ; Young Adult
Language	English
Publishing date	2020-05-15
Publishing country	United States
Document type	Journal Article ; Research Support, N.I.H., Extramural
ZDB-ID	1074355-8
ISSN	1873-2585 ; 1047-2797
ISSN (online)	1873-2585
ISSN	1047-2797
DOI	10.1016/j.annepidem.2020.05.005
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Zs.A 3225: Show issues

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Article ; Online: Metabolic disease and adverse events from immune checkpoint inhibitors.

Leiter, Amanda / Carroll, Emily / De Alwis, Sonia / Brooks, Danielle / Shimol, Jennifer Ben / Eisenberg, Elliot / Wisnivesky, Juan P / Galsky, Matthew D / Gallagher, Emily Jane

European journal of endocrinology

2021 Volume 184, Issue 6, Page(s) 857–865

Abstract: Objective: Obese and overweight body mass index (BMI) categories have been associated with increased immune-related adverse events (irAEs) in patients with cancer receiving immune checkpoint inhibitors (ICIs); however, the impact of being overweight in ... ...

Abstract	Objective: Obese and overweight body mass index (BMI) categories have been associated with increased immune-related adverse events (irAEs) in patients with cancer receiving immune checkpoint inhibitors (ICIs); however, the impact of being overweight in conjunction with related metabolic syndrome-associated factors on irAEs have not been investigated. We aimed to evaluate the impact of overweight and obese BMI according to metabolic disease burden on the development of irAEs. Design and methods: We conducted a retrospective observational study of patients receiving ICIs at a cancer center. Our main study outcome was development of ≥grade 2 (moderate) irAEs. Our main predictor was weight/metabolic disease risk category: (1) normal weight (BMI 18.5-24.9 kg/m Results: Of 411 patients in our cohort, 374 were eligible for analysis. Overall, 111 (30%) patients developed ≥grade 2 irAEs. In Cox analysis, overweight/low metabolic risk was significantly associated with ≥grade 2 irAEs (hazard ratio [HR]: 2.0, 95% confidence interval [95% CI]: 1.2-3.4) when compared to normal weight/low metabolic risk, while overweight/high metabolic risk (HR: 1.3, 95% CI: 0.7-2.2) and normal weight/high metabolic risk (HR: 1.5, 95% CI: 0.7-3.0) were not. Conclusions: Overweight patients with fewer metabolic comorbidities were at increased risk for irAEs. This study provides an important insight that BMI should be evaluated in the context of associated metabolic comorbidities in assessing risk of irAE development and ICI immune response.
MeSH term(s)	Adult ; Aged ; Aged, 80 and over ; Body Mass Index ; Cohort Studies ; Drug-Related Side Effects and Adverse Reactions/epidemiology ; Drug-Related Side Effects and Adverse Reactions/immunology ; Drug-Related Side Effects and Adverse Reactions/pathology ; Female ; Follow-Up Studies ; Humans ; Immune Checkpoint Inhibitors/administration & dosage ; Immune Checkpoint Inhibitors/adverse effects ; Male ; Metabolic Diseases/complications ; Metabolic Diseases/epidemiology ; Metabolic Diseases/immunology ; Metabolic Syndrome/complications ; Metabolic Syndrome/epidemiology ; Metabolic Syndrome/immunology ; Middle Aged ; Neoplasms/complications ; Neoplasms/drug therapy ; Neoplasms/epidemiology ; Neoplasms/immunology ; Obesity/complications ; Obesity/epidemiology ; Obesity/immunology ; Overweight/complications ; Overweight/epidemiology ; Overweight/immunology ; Retrospective Studies ; Risk Assessment ; Severity of Illness Index ; Young Adult
Chemical Substances	Immune Checkpoint Inhibitors
Language	English
Publishing date	2021-05-10
Publishing country	England
Document type	Journal Article ; Observational Study
ZDB-ID	1183856-5
ISSN	1479-683X ; 0804-4643
ISSN (online)	1479-683X
ISSN	0804-4643
DOI	10.1530/eje-20-1362
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Article ; Online: Obesity and Diabetes: The Increased Risk of Cancer and Cancer-Related Mortality.

Gallagher, Emily Jane / LeRoith, Derek

Physiological reviews

2015 Volume 95, Issue 3, Page(s) 727–748

Abstract: Obesity and type 2 diabetes are becoming increasingly prevalent worldwide, and both are associated with an increased incidence and mortality from many cancers. The metabolic abnormalities associated with type 2 diabetes develop many years before the ... ...

Abstract	Obesity and type 2 diabetes are becoming increasingly prevalent worldwide, and both are associated with an increased incidence and mortality from many cancers. The metabolic abnormalities associated with type 2 diabetes develop many years before the onset of diabetes and, therefore, may be contributing to cancer risk before individuals are aware that they are at risk. Multiple factors potentially contribute to the progression of cancer in obesity and type 2 diabetes, including hyperinsulinemia and insulin-like growth factor I, hyperglycemia, dyslipidemia, adipokines and cytokines, and the gut microbiome. These metabolic changes may contribute directly or indirectly to cancer progression. Intentional weight loss may protect against cancer development, and therapies for diabetes may prove to be effective adjuvant agents in reducing cancer progression. In this review we discuss the current epidemiology, basic science, and clinical data that link obesity, diabetes, and cancer and how treating obesity and type 2 diabetes could also reduce cancer risk and improve outcomes.
MeSH term(s)	Diabetes Mellitus, Type 2/diagnosis ; Diabetes Mellitus, Type 2/epidemiology ; Diabetes Mellitus, Type 2/metabolism ; Diabetes Mellitus, Type 2/mortality ; Energy Metabolism ; Humans ; Neoplasms/diagnosis ; Neoplasms/epidemiology ; Neoplasms/metabolism ; Neoplasms/mortality ; Obesity/diagnosis ; Obesity/epidemiology ; Obesity/metabolism ; Obesity/mortality ; Prognosis ; Risk Assessment ; Risk Factors ; Time Factors
Language	English
Publishing date	2015-07
Publishing country	United States
Document type	Journal Article ; Research Support, N.I.H., Extramural ; Review
ZDB-ID	209902-0
ISSN	1522-1210 ; 0031-9333
ISSN (online)	1522-1210
ISSN	0031-9333
DOI	10.1152/physrev.00030.2014
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