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  1. Article ; Online: The PINK1-Parkin axis: An Overview.

    Tanaka, Keiji

    Neuroscience research

    2020  Volume 159, Page(s) 9–15

    Abstract: Parkin is a protein involved in familial Parkinson's disease (PD), a neurodegenerative disorder with motor symptoms linked to the loss of dopaminergic neurons. More than 20 years have passed since the discovery of Parkin; since that time, another ... ...

    Abstract Parkin is a protein involved in familial Parkinson's disease (PD), a neurodegenerative disorder with motor symptoms linked to the loss of dopaminergic neurons. More than 20 years have passed since the discovery of Parkin; since that time, another familial PD protein has been identified: PINK1, which acts upstream of Parkin. PINK1 is a protein kinase that monitors mitochondrial integrity by sensing disability status, whereas Parkin is a ubiquitin-protein ligase that attaches ubiquitin chains to malfunctioning mitochondria as a degradation signal. Both enzymes cooperatively facilitate autophagic clearance of damaged mitochondria (also known as mitophagy). Collectively, the PINK1-Parkin axis functions as the core machinery for mitophagy in neurons, and deficiency in this pathway causes early-onset PD. In this review, I will discuss how the PINK1-Parkin study has progressed, with the personal episodes I have experienced.
    MeSH term(s) Animals ; Autophagy ; Humans ; Mitochondria/genetics ; Mitophagy/genetics ; Parkinson Disease/enzymology ; Parkinson Disease/genetics ; Protein Kinases/metabolism ; Research/trends ; Ubiquitin-Protein Ligases/metabolism
    Chemical Substances Ubiquitin-Protein Ligases (EC 2.3.2.27) ; parkin protein (EC 2.3.2.27) ; Protein Kinases (EC 2.7.-) ; PTEN-induced putative kinase (EC 2.7.11.1)
    Language English
    Publishing date 2020-01-23
    Publishing country Ireland
    Document type Journal Article ; Review
    ZDB-ID 605842-5
    ISSN 1872-8111 ; 0168-0102 ; 0921-8696
    ISSN (online) 1872-8111
    ISSN 0168-0102 ; 0921-8696
    DOI 10.1016/j.neures.2020.01.006
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    In stock of ZB MED Cologne/Königswinter

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  2. Article ; Online: Tunable thermal diffusivity of silk protein assemblies based on their structural control and photo-induced chemical cross-linking.

    Tanaka, Michihiro / Sawada, Toshiki / Numata, Keiji / Serizawa, Takeshi

    RSC advances

    2024  Volume 14, Issue 18, Page(s) 12449–12453

    Abstract: Silk, which has excellent mechanical properties and is lightweight, serves as a structural material in natural systems. However, the structural and functional applications of silk in artificial systems have been limited due to the difficulty in ... ...

    Abstract Silk, which has excellent mechanical properties and is lightweight, serves as a structural material in natural systems. However, the structural and functional applications of silk in artificial systems have been limited due to the difficulty in controlling its properties. In this study, we demonstrate the tunable thermal diffusivity of silk-based assemblies (films) based on secondary structural control and subsequent cross-linking. We found that the thermal diffusivity of the silk film is increased by the formation of β-sheet structures and dityrosine between Tyr residues adjacent to the β-sheet structures. Our results demonstrate the applicability of silk proteins as material components for thermally conductive biopolymer-based materials.
    Language English
    Publishing date 2024-04-17
    Publishing country England
    Document type Journal Article
    ISSN 2046-2069
    ISSN (online) 2046-2069
    DOI 10.1039/d3ra06473e
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  3. Article ; Online: Changes in brain proteasome dynamics associated with aging.

    Nago, Nodoka / Murata, Shigeo / Tanaka, Keiji / Tanahashi, Nobuyuki

    Genes to cells : devoted to molecular & cellular mechanisms

    2024  

    Abstract: In the nervous system, proteasomes are important for proteolysis and cellular homeostasis of neurons and glial cells and for brain health. Proteasome function declines with age in many tissues, including the nervous system, and this decline affects many ... ...

    Abstract In the nervous system, proteasomes are important for proteolysis and cellular homeostasis of neurons and glial cells and for brain health. Proteasome function declines with age in many tissues, including the nervous system, and this decline affects many of the nervous system processes important to brain health and may be related to age-related cognitive decline. Therefore, we analyzed the factors that contribute to this decline in function using the brain of mice from different months of life. Peptidase activity of proteasomes in crude extracts decreased with aging, while ubiquitinated proteins increased with aging. Additionally, there was a tendency for the number of subunits that form proteasomes to decrease slightly with age. On the other hand, ump1, which is required for proteasome formation, accumulated with age. Therefore, analysis of proteasome dynamics in each month revealed that proteasome formation decreased with aging. This study suggests that with aging, not only 20S proteasome function but also 26 proteasome function decreases, the decline in proteasome function is due to the lack of proteasome formation, the PA28-20S-PA700 complex, which is involved in immunity, increases in the brain, and one factor in this lack of proteasome formation is that the proteins called UMP1.
    Language English
    Publishing date 2024-03-25
    Publishing country England
    Document type Journal Article
    ZDB-ID 1330000-3
    ISSN 1365-2443 ; 1356-9597
    ISSN (online) 1365-2443
    ISSN 1356-9597
    DOI 10.1111/gtc.13113
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  4. Article ; Online: Mapping causal links between prefrontal cortical regions and intra-individual behavioral variability.

    Alizadeh Mansouri, Farshad / Buckley, Mark J / Tanaka, Keiji

    Nature communications

    2024  Volume 15, Issue 1, Page(s) 140

    Abstract: Intra-individual behavioral variability is significantly heightened by aging or neuropsychological disorders, however it is unknown which brain regions are causally linked to such variabilities. We examine response time (RT) variability in 21 macaque ... ...

    Abstract Intra-individual behavioral variability is significantly heightened by aging or neuropsychological disorders, however it is unknown which brain regions are causally linked to such variabilities. We examine response time (RT) variability in 21 macaque monkeys performing a rule-guided decision-making task. In monkeys with selective-bilateral lesions in the anterior cingulate cortex (ACC) or in the dorsolateral prefrontal cortex, cognitive flexibility is impaired, but the RT variability is significantly diminished. Bilateral lesions within the frontopolar cortex or within the mid-dorsolateral prefrontal cortex, has no significant effect on cognitive flexibility or RT variability. In monkeys with lesions in the posterior cingulate cortex, the RT variability significantly increases without any deficit in cognitive flexibility. The effect of lesions in the orbitofrontal cortex (OFC) is unique in that it leads to deficits in cognitive flexibility and a significant increase in RT variability. Our findings indicate remarkable dissociations in contribution of frontal cortical regions to behavioral variability. They suggest that the altered variability in OFC-lesioned monkeys is related to deficits in assessing and accumulating evidence to inform a rule-guided decision, whereas in ACC-lesioned monkeys it results from a non-adaptive decrease in decision threshold and consequently immature impulsive responses.
    MeSH term(s) Animals ; Prefrontal Cortex/physiology ; Frontal Lobe/physiology ; Brain ; Macaca ; Gyrus Cinguli
    Language English
    Publishing date 2024-01-02
    Publishing country England
    Document type Journal Article
    ZDB-ID 2553671-0
    ISSN 2041-1723 ; 2041-1723
    ISSN (online) 2041-1723
    ISSN 2041-1723
    DOI 10.1038/s41467-023-44341-5
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  5. Article: Studies on the metabolism, mode of action, and development of insecticides acting on the GABA receptor.

    Tanaka, Keiji

    Journal of pesticide science

    2019  Volume 44, Issue 1, Page(s) 71–86

    Abstract: γ-BHC and dieldrin are legacy insecticides that were extensively used after the second World War. When they were banned, their modes of action and metabolism were not known. This article aims at providing a picture of the metabolism of γ-BHC and the ... ...

    Abstract γ-BHC and dieldrin are legacy insecticides that were extensively used after the second World War. When they were banned, their modes of action and metabolism were not known. This article aims at providing a picture of the metabolism of γ-BHC and the modes of action of γ -BHC and dieldrin. γ-BHC is metabolized
    Language English
    Publishing date 2019-02-20
    Publishing country Japan
    Document type Journal Article
    ZDB-ID 437867-2
    ISSN 1348-589X ; 2187-0365 ; 0916-9962 ; 0385-1559
    ISSN 1348-589X ; 2187-0365 ; 0916-9962 ; 0385-1559
    DOI 10.1584/jpestics.J18-04
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    Z 3160: Show issues

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  6. Article ; Online: Mapping causal links between prefrontal cortical regions and intra-individual behavioral variability

    Farshad Alizadeh Mansouri / Mark J. Buckley / Keiji Tanaka

    Nature Communications, Vol 15, Iss 1, Pp 1-

    2024  Volume 18

    Abstract: Abstract Intra-individual behavioral variability is significantly heightened by aging or neuropsychological disorders, however it is unknown which brain regions are causally linked to such variabilities. We examine response time (RT) variability in 21 ... ...

    Abstract Abstract Intra-individual behavioral variability is significantly heightened by aging or neuropsychological disorders, however it is unknown which brain regions are causally linked to such variabilities. We examine response time (RT) variability in 21 macaque monkeys performing a rule-guided decision-making task. In monkeys with selective-bilateral lesions in the anterior cingulate cortex (ACC) or in the dorsolateral prefrontal cortex, cognitive flexibility is impaired, but the RT variability is significantly diminished. Bilateral lesions within the frontopolar cortex or within the mid-dorsolateral prefrontal cortex, has no significant effect on cognitive flexibility or RT variability. In monkeys with lesions in the posterior cingulate cortex, the RT variability significantly increases without any deficit in cognitive flexibility. The effect of lesions in the orbitofrontal cortex (OFC) is unique in that it leads to deficits in cognitive flexibility and a significant increase in RT variability. Our findings indicate remarkable dissociations in contribution of frontal cortical regions to behavioral variability. They suggest that the altered variability in OFC-lesioned monkeys is related to deficits in assessing and accumulating evidence to inform a rule-guided decision, whereas in ACC-lesioned monkeys it results from a non-adaptive decrease in decision threshold and consequently immature impulsive responses.
    Keywords Science ; Q
    Subject code 150
    Language English
    Publishing date 2024-01-01T00:00:00Z
    Publisher Nature Portfolio
    Document type Article ; Online
    Database BASE - Bielefeld Academic Search Engine (life sciences selection)

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  7. Article: [Neuroscience on Cognitive Control of Behavior: Functional Division among Prefrontal Areas].

    Tanaka, Keiji

    Brain and nerve = Shinkei kenkyu no shinpo

    2019  Volume 71, Issue 12, Page(s) 1357–1371

    Abstract: The prefrontal cortex is greatly developed in primates and is considered to play an important role in cognitive control of behavior. In the visual and motor systems, research into the functional division between cortical areas has advanced. The ... ...

    Abstract The prefrontal cortex is greatly developed in primates and is considered to play an important role in cognitive control of behavior. In the visual and motor systems, research into the functional division between cortical areas has advanced. The prefrontal cortex has also been shown to be divided into several areas which have different anatomical connections with other brain sites. However, the functional division among prefrontal cortical areas has been less well studied. Knowledge of the functional division is expected to help in understanding the cognitive control of complex behaviors in terms of more elementary processes.
    MeSH term(s) Animals ; Behavior ; Cognition ; Humans ; Neurosciences ; Prefrontal Cortex/physiology
    Language Japanese
    Publishing date 2019-11-28
    Publishing country Japan
    Document type Journal Article
    ZDB-ID 390389-8
    ISSN 1344-8129 ; 1881-6096 ; 0006-8969
    ISSN (online) 1344-8129
    ISSN 1881-6096 ; 0006-8969
    DOI 10.11477/mf.1416201455
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    In stock of ZB MED Cologne/Königswinter

    Zs.A 398: Show issues Location:
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  8. Article ; Online: Phenylboronic Acid-Functionalized Micelles Dual-Targeting Boronic Acid Transporter and Polysaccharides for siRNA Delivery into Brown Algae.

    Yoshinaga, Naoto / Miyamoto, Takaaki / Goto, Mami / Tanaka, Atsuko / Numata, Keiji

    JACS Au

    2024  Volume 4, Issue 4, Page(s) 1385–1395

    Abstract: Brown algae play essential roles ecologically, practically, and evolutionarily because they maintain coastal areas, capture carbon dioxide, and produce valuable chemicals such as therapeutic drugs. To unlock their full potential, understanding the unique ...

    Abstract Brown algae play essential roles ecologically, practically, and evolutionarily because they maintain coastal areas, capture carbon dioxide, and produce valuable chemicals such as therapeutic drugs. To unlock their full potential, understanding the unique molecular biology of brown algae is imperative. Genetic engineering tools that regulate homeostasis in brown algae are essential for determining their biological mechanisms in detail. However, few methodologies have been developed to control gene expression due to the robust structural barriers of brown algae. To address this issue, we designed peptide-based, small interfering RNA (siRNA)-loaded micelles decorated with phenylboronic acid (PBA) ligands. The PBA ligands facilitated the cellular uptake of the micelles into a model brown alga,
    Language English
    Publishing date 2024-03-22
    Publishing country United States
    Document type Journal Article
    ISSN 2691-3704
    ISSN (online) 2691-3704
    DOI 10.1021/jacsau.3c00767
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  9. Article ; Online: Aggregation States and Segmental Dynamics of Poly(methyl methacrylate) in Nanofiber Mats.

    Kawahara, Keigo / Matsuno, Hisao / Tanaka, Keiji

    Langmuir : the ACS journal of surfaces and colloids

    2023  Volume 39, Issue 20, Page(s) 7192–7200

    Abstract: Nanofiber mats composed of polymers, having a large surface-to-volume ratio and high porosity, have been widely applied in the environmental and biomedical fields but fundamental knowledge on the polymer chains in the mats seems to be limited. We here ... ...

    Abstract Nanofiber mats composed of polymers, having a large surface-to-volume ratio and high porosity, have been widely applied in the environmental and biomedical fields but fundamental knowledge on the polymer chains in the mats seems to be limited. We here report the aggregation states and segmental dynamics of poly(methyl methacrylate)s (PMMAs) with different stereoregularities in electrospun nanofiber mats. Attenuated total reflectance Fourier transform infrared (ATR/FTIR) spectroscopy revealed that, in the case of atactic PMMA (
    Language English
    Publishing date 2023-05-12
    Publishing country United States
    Document type Journal Article
    ZDB-ID 2005937-1
    ISSN 1520-5827 ; 0743-7463
    ISSN (online) 1520-5827
    ISSN 0743-7463
    DOI 10.1021/acs.langmuir.3c00698
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  10. Article: [Brain Mechanisms of Intuition in Shogi Experts].

    Tanaka, Keiji

    Brain and nerve = Shinkei kenkyu no shinpo

    2018  Volume 70, Issue 6, Page(s) 607–615

    Abstract: Intuition is the ability of experts to rapidly solve complicated problems that are highly difficult for the average person. We have measured the brain activity of professional and high-level amateur shogi players, and found that the basal ganglia plays ... ...

    Abstract Intuition is the ability of experts to rapidly solve complicated problems that are highly difficult for the average person. We have measured the brain activity of professional and high-level amateur shogi players, and found that the basal ganglia plays an important role in the ability to rapidly determine, or intuit, the best next-move in a game situation. Additionally, we found that areas in the cingulate cortex are essential for making quick, intuitive, strategic decisions (attack or defense) at any given board position. These findings suggest that experts, after long-term, focused training, can use these evolutionarily-old brain structures for "intuitive" decision-making, which, in non-experts, are only involved in primitive behaviors.
    MeSH term(s) Decision Making ; Games, Recreational ; Gyrus Cinguli/physiology ; Humans ; Intuition
    Language Japanese
    Publishing date 2018-04-26
    Publishing country Japan
    Document type Journal Article
    ZDB-ID 390389-8
    ISSN 1344-8129 ; 1881-6096 ; 0006-8969
    ISSN (online) 1344-8129
    ISSN 1881-6096 ; 0006-8969
    DOI 10.11477/mf.1416201053
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    In stock of ZB MED Cologne/Königswinter

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