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Book ; Online ; E-Book: Artificial intelligence in healthcare

Bohr, Adam / Memarzadeh, Kaveh

2020

Author's details	edited by Adam Bohr, Kaveh Memarzadeh
Keywords	Electronic books
Language	English
Size	1 Online-Ressource (xxvii, 355 Seiten), Illustrationen, Diagramme
Publisher	Elsevier Academic Press
Publishing place	London
Publishing country	Great Britain
Document type	Book ; Online ; E-Book
Remark	Zugriff für angemeldete ZB MED-Nutzerinnen und -Nutzer
HBZ-ID	HT020570463
ISBN	978-0-12-818439-4 ; 9780128184387 ; 0-12-818439-6 ; 0128184388
Database	ZB MED Catalogue: Medicine, Health, Nutrition, Environment, Agriculture

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Article ; Online: Recovery duration and concussion severity in sport- and non-sport-related concussion among Pac-12 collegiate athletes: a retrospective cohort study.

Konstantinides, Niki / Geraghty, Elisabeth / Harmon, Kimberly / Whelan, Bridget M / Poddar, Sourav K / Bohr, Adam

BMJ open

2024 Volume 14, Issue 4, Page(s) e079953

Abstract: Objectives: To examine non-sport- and sport-related concussion severity, clinical care frequency and delayed reporting in relation to recovery duration among collegiate athletes.: Design: Retrospective cohort study.: Setting: Pac-12 varsity ... ...

Abstract	Objectives: To examine non-sport- and sport-related concussion severity, clinical care frequency and delayed reporting in relation to recovery duration among collegiate athletes. Design: Retrospective cohort study. Setting: Pac-12 varsity collegiate athletes. Participants: 461 collegiate male and female athletes PRIMARY AND SECONDARY OUTCOME MEASURES: The incidence of sport-related concussion (SRC) and non-sport-related concussion (NRC) were collected as well as times to recovery and return-to-play (RTP), symptom score and symptom severity and reported a loss of consciousness (LOC), retrograde amnesia (RGA) and post-traumatic amnesia (PTA) following concussion incidence. Results: Among 461 concussions, 388 (84%) occurred within sport and 73 (16%) occurred outside of sport. NRC, on average, required 3.5 more days to become asymptomatic (HR: 0.73, 95%confidence interval: 0.56 to 0.96, p=0.02) and 7 more days to RTP (HR: 0.64, 95% confidence interval: 0.49 to 0.85, p<0.01) compared with SRC. NRC were associated with an increase of 1.83 (p=0.07) symptoms reported at the time of diagnosis, an increase of 6.95 (p=0.06) in symptom severity and a higher prevalence of reported LOC (22% NRC vs. 3% SRC, p Conclusion: NRC were associated with greater severity and longer recovery duration when compared with SRC in a cohort of collegiate athletes.
MeSH term(s)	Humans ; Male ; Retrospective Studies ; Brain Concussion/epidemiology ; Brain Concussion/complications ; Female ; Athletic Injuries/epidemiology ; Young Adult ; Athletes/statistics & numerical data ; Return to Sport/statistics & numerical data ; Recovery of Function ; Adolescent ; Time Factors ; Incidence ; Universities
Language	English
Publishing date	2024-04-28
Publishing country	England
Document type	Journal Article ; Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't
ZDB-ID	2599832-8
ISSN	2044-6055 ; 2044-6055
ISSN (online)	2044-6055
ISSN	2044-6055
DOI	10.1136/bmjopen-2023-079953
Database	MEDical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System OnLINE

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Article: Association of Cardiac Arrest With Opioid Overdose in Transport.

Ritter, Marissa L / Bohr, Adam D / McQueen, Matthew B

Substance abuse : research and treatment

2022 Volume 16, Page(s) 11782218221103582

Abstract: Introduction: Drug overdose is the leading cause of injury-related death in the United States. It has been linked to respiratory depression and cardiac toxicity, both of which can lead to cardiac arrest. Despite this potential association, few studies ... ...

Abstract	Introduction: Drug overdose is the leading cause of injury-related death in the United States. It has been linked to respiratory depression and cardiac toxicity, both of which can lead to cardiac arrest. Despite this potential association, few studies have examined this relationship, particularly in transport to the hospital. The purpose of this research was to determine if there was a relationship between opioid overdose and cardiac arrest in transport. Methods: A sample (n = 1 000 000) was utilized from the National EMS Information System (NEMSIS) from the year 2019. A logistic regression model was used to predict cardiac arrest from dispatch reason with gender, race, and age included as controls. Results: Overdose-related dispatch reason was associated with an increased likelihood of cardiac arrest in transport (Odds Ratio = 1.65, 95% Confidence Interval: [1.22, 2.22]). Conclusions: Opioid overdose is associated with an increased incidence of cardiac arrest in transport in the United States.
Language	English
Publishing date	2022-06-30
Publishing country	United States
Document type	Journal Article
ZDB-ID	1458030-5
ISSN	1547-0164 ; 1178-2218 ; 0889-7077
ISSN (online)	1547-0164
ISSN	1178-2218 ; 0889-7077
DOI	10.1177/11782218221103582
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Article ; Online: Pac-12 Health Analytics Program: An Innovative Approach to Health Care Operations, Data Analytics, and Clinical Research in Intercollegiate Athletics.

Robell, Kevin C / Norcross, Marc F / Bohr, Adam D / Harmon, Kimberly G

Journal of athletic training

2022 Volume 58, Issue 7-8, Page(s) 655–663

Abstract: The objective of this study was to describe the purpose, methods, and effects of the Pac-12 Health Analytics Program (HAP) approach on sports medicine informatics, research, analytics, and health care operations. Sports injury-surveillance initiatives ... ...

Abstract	The objective of this study was to describe the purpose, methods, and effects of the Pac-12 Health Analytics Program (HAP) approach on sports medicine informatics, research, analytics, and health care operations. Sports injury-surveillance initiatives have been supporting the clinical research community in sports medicine for nearly 4 decades. Whereas the initial systems tracked only a few sports, current surveillance programs have expanded to include entire professional and elite athlete organizations, providing important statistics on sports injury risk management. The HAP is a conference-wide data-sharing and-analytics program. It collects authorized, deidentified clinical data, encompassing multiple domains of sports medicine injury management, including sports injuries and illnesses, concussions, risk exposure, and COVID-19 testing elements. The HAP provides clinicians with access to curated data to inform evidence-based practice and support local health care operations with respect to emerging sports injury trends. The HAP supplies approved research groups with access to a data repository that describes a homogeneous, elite intercollegiate athlete sample, thereby supporting nonresearch clinical initiatives as well as contributions to peer-reviewed research that can improve the health and well-being of Pac-12 student-athletes. The HAP is a novel approach to sports injury epidemiology and surveillance that has allowed the Pac-12 Conference to meet larger objectives regarding improving the student-athlete experience and clinical research among its member schools. Data quality control has improved the accuracy of the data and value to clinical athletic trainers within the conference. Curated dashboards displaying aggregated project data offer clinicians data-driven decision-making tools that help inform sports injury risk management. As of 2021, the HAP had supported more than 3 dozen data requests. These investigations have resulted in numerous peer-reviewed research contributions to the sports medicine community with findings that have great potential to improve the health and well-being of Pac-12 student-athletes.
MeSH term(s)	Humans ; Athletic Injuries/epidemiology ; Athletic Injuries/prevention & control ; Data Science ; COVID-19 Testing ; Sports ; Athletes ; Delivery of Health Care ; Incidence ; Universities
Language	English
Publishing date	2022-12-13
Publishing country	United States
Document type	Journal Article
ZDB-ID	2070051-9
ISSN	1938-162X ; 1062-6050
ISSN (online)	1938-162X
ISSN	1062-6050
DOI	10.4085/1062-6050-0063.22
Database	MEDical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System OnLINE

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Article ; Online: Bioinspired polymer nanoparticles omit biophysical interactions with natural lung surfactant.

Beck-Broichsitter, Moritz / Bohr, Adam

Nanotoxicology

2019 Volume 13, Issue 7, Page(s) 964–976

Abstract: Herein, we report the attenuated impact of bioinspired nanoparticles on the essential function of lung surfactant. Colloidal particles made from poly(lactide) caused a significant loss of surfactant protein B (and C) from a natural lung surfactant ... ...

Abstract	Herein, we report the attenuated impact of bioinspired nanoparticles on the essential function of lung surfactant. Colloidal particles made from poly(lactide) caused a significant loss of surfactant protein B (and C) from a natural lung surfactant accompanied by a decline in surface activity under static conditions and surface area cycling. No such perturbation of lung surfactant composition and function was observed for polymer nanoparticles coated with bioinspired poly(2-methacryloyloxyethyl phosphorylcholine) (PMPC). More specifically, increasing the PMPC-coating layer thickness (≥3
MeSH term(s)	Animals ; Colloids ; Drug Delivery Systems ; Male ; Methacrylates/pharmacology ; Nanoparticles ; Phosphorylcholine/analogs & derivatives ; Phosphorylcholine/pharmacology ; Polyesters/pharmacology ; Pulmonary Surfactants/pharmacology ; Rabbits
Chemical Substances	Colloids ; Methacrylates ; Polyesters ; Pulmonary Surfactants ; Phosphorylcholine (107-73-3) ; poly(lactide) (459TN2L5F5) ; 2-methacryloyloxyethyl phosphorylcholine (59RU860S8D)
Language	English
Publishing date	2019-06-20
Publishing country	England
Document type	Journal Article ; Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't
ZDB-ID	2237988-5
ISSN	1743-5404 ; 1743-5390
ISSN (online)	1743-5404
ISSN	1743-5390
DOI	10.1080/17435390.2019.1621400
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Article ; Online: Association of Cardiac Arrest With Opioid Overdose in Transport

Marissa L Ritter / Adam D Bohr / Matthew B McQueen

Substance Abuse: Research and Treatment, Vol

2022 Volume 16

Abstract	Introduction: Drug overdose is the leading cause of injury-related death in the United States. It has been linked to respiratory depression and cardiac toxicity, both of which can lead to cardiac arrest. Despite this potential association, few studies have examined this relationship, particularly in transport to the hospital. The purpose of this research was to determine if there was a relationship between opioid overdose and cardiac arrest in transport. Methods: A sample (n = 1 000 000) was utilized from the National EMS Information System (NEMSIS) from the year 2019. A logistic regression model was used to predict cardiac arrest from dispatch reason with gender, race, and age included as controls. Results: Overdose-related dispatch reason was associated with an increased likelihood of cardiac arrest in transport (Odds Ratio = 1.65, 95% Confidence Interval: [1.22, 2.22]). Conclusions: Opioid overdose is associated with an increased incidence of cardiac arrest in transport in the United States.
Keywords	Public aspects of medicine ; RA1-1270
Subject code	380
Language	English
Publishing date	2022-06-01T00:00:00Z
Publisher	SAGE Publishing
Document type	Article ; Online
Database	BASE - Bielefeld Academic Search Engine (life sciences selection)

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Article ; Online: Transformation of nanoparticles into compacts: A study on PLGA and celecoxib nanoparticles.

Li, Yongquan / Li, Minshu / Rantanen, Jukka / Yang, Mingshi / Bohr, Adam

International journal of pharmaceutics

2021 Volume 611, Page(s) 121278

Abstract: Oral delivery of nanoparticles possesses many advantages for delivery of active pharmaceutical ingredients (APIs) to the gastrointestinal tract. However, the poor physical stability of nanoparticles in liquid state is often a challenge. Removing water ... ...

Abstract	Oral delivery of nanoparticles possesses many advantages for delivery of active pharmaceutical ingredients (APIs) to the gastrointestinal tract. However, the poor physical stability of nanoparticles in liquid state is often a challenge. Removing water from the nanosuspensions and transforming the nanoparticles into solid particulate matter in the form of, e.g., tablets could be a potential approach to increase the stability of nanoparticles. The aim of this study was to transform nanoparticles into compacts and to investigate the redispersion of nanoparticles from compacts as well as the dissolution behavior of these compacts. DL-lactide-co-glycolide copolymer (PLGA) nanoparticles and celecoxib (CLX) nanoparticles were used as two model nanoparticle systems and fabricated into nano-embedded microparticles (NEMs) and subsequently compressed into compacts. The compacts were evaluated with respect to the redispersibility of the nanoparticles, as well as the dissolution characteristics of CLX. The results showed that the NEMs could be readily compressed into compacts with sufficient mechanical strength. The size of the redispersed PLGA nanoparticles from the compacts using 2-hydroxypropyl-β-cyclodextrin (HPβCD) as stabilizer was comparable to the original nanoparticles. In contrast, the redispersibility of CLX nanoparticles from the compacts was not as effective as for the PLGA nanoparticles evidenced by a significant increase in the size and polydispersity index (PDI) of the redispersed nanoparticles. Nonetheless, an obvious enhancement in dissolution rate of CLX was observed from the compacts with CLX nanoparticles. It is concluded that transforming polymeric nanoparticles into compacts via NEMs provides stabilization and allows redispersion into original nanoparticles. Despite the reduced redispersibility, compacts loaded with nanoparticles exhibited improved dissolution rate compared with the crystalline drug. Loading of nanoparticles into compacts is a promising approach to overcome the poor stability of nanoparticle within oral drug delivery of nanoparticles.
MeSH term(s)	2-Hydroxypropyl-beta-cyclodextrin ; Celecoxib ; Drug Delivery Systems ; Nanoparticles ; Polymers
Chemical Substances	Polymers ; 2-Hydroxypropyl-beta-cyclodextrin (1I96OHX6EK) ; Celecoxib (JCX84Q7J1L)
Language	English
Publishing date	2021-11-10
Publishing country	Netherlands
Document type	Journal Article
ZDB-ID	428962-6
ISSN	1873-3476 ; 0378-5173
ISSN (online)	1873-3476
ISSN	0378-5173
DOI	10.1016/j.ijpharm.2021.121278
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Article ; Online: The rise of artificial intelligence in healthcare applications

Bohr, Adam / Memarzadeh, Kaveh

Artificial Intelligence in Healthcare

Abstract: Big data and machine learning are having an impact on most aspects of modern life, from entertainment, commerce, and healthcare. Netflix knows which films and series people prefer to watch, Amazon knows which items people like to buy when and where, and ... ...

Abstract	Big data and machine learning are having an impact on most aspects of modern life, from entertainment, commerce, and healthcare. Netflix knows which films and series people prefer to watch, Amazon knows which items people like to buy when and where, and Google knows which symptoms and conditions people are searching for. All this data can be used for very detailed personal profiling, which may be of great value for behavioral understanding and targeting but also has potential for predicting healthcare trends. There is great optimism that the application of artificial intelligence (AI) can provide substantial improvements in all areas of healthcare from diagnostics to treatment. It is generally believed that AI tools will facilitate and enhance human work and not replace the work of physicians and other healthcare staff as such. AI is ready to support healthcare personnel with a variety of tasks from administrative workflow to clinical documentation and patient outreach as well as specialized support such as in image analysis, medical device automation, and patient monitoring. In this chapter, some of the major applications of AI in healthcare will be discussed covering both the applications that are directly associated with healthcare and those in the healthcare value chain such as drug development and ambient assisted living.
Keywords	covid19
Publisher	Elsevier; PMC
Document type	Article ; Online
DOI	10.1016/b978-0-12-818438-7.00002-2
Database	COVID19

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Article: Effect of the 2018 NCAA Kickoff Rule Change on Concussion Rates in Collegiate Football: Results From a Division 1 Conference.

Whelan, Bridget M / Harmon, Kimberly G / Aukerman, Douglas F / Konstantinides, Niki A / Poddar, Sourav K / Bohr, Adam D

Orthopaedic journal of sports medicine

2023 Volume 11, Issue 8, Page(s) 23259671231187893

Abstract: Background: Kickoff plays in American football are associated with an increased risk of concussion compared with other play types. In 2018, the National Collegiate Athletic Association (NCAA) Football Rules Committee altered the kickoff rules so a fair ... ...

Abstract	Background: Kickoff plays in American football are associated with an increased risk of concussion compared with other play types. In 2018, the National Collegiate Athletic Association (NCAA) Football Rules Committee altered the kickoff rules so a fair catch inside the 25-yard line results in a touchback, with the ensuing drive starting on the 25-yard line. The intention was to decrease the number of kickoff returns with a corresponding decrease in the rate of concussions on kickoff plays. Purpose: To determine whether the 2018 rule changes had the intended effects in an NCAA Division 1 Conference. Study design: Cohort study; Level of evidence, 3. Methods: The study population included football athletes in the NCAA Pacific-12 (Pac-12) Conference. Data on the total number of plays, punts, kickoffs, touchbacks, and fair catches were obtained for all in-conference games from the 2016 to 2021 seasons. The number of game concussions and the play type were provided by each conference institution. Incidence of concussions occurring during kickoff plays before (2016-2017) and after (2018-2021) the rule change were compared with a difference-in-difference analysis using Poisson general linear models. Results: There were 242 concussions in 108,774 total plays in the study period, with an overall concussion rate of 2.2 per 1000 plays. The percentage of touchbacks increased significantly from 45% to 51% ( Conclusion: Touchbacks and fair catches increased after the kickoff rule change, but there was not a corresponding decrease in concussions during kickoff plays as anticipated. Concussions occurring during other football plays remained stable.
Language	English
Publishing date	2023-08-01
Publishing country	United States
Document type	Journal Article
ZDB-ID	2706251-X
ISSN	2325-9671
ISSN	2325-9671
DOI	10.1177/23259671231187893
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Article ; Online: Special issue on "Formulation strategies and manufacturing technologies to enhance non-invasive drug delivery".

Löbmann, Korbinian / Bohr, Adam / Yang, Mingshi

Asian journal of pharmaceutical sciences

2018 Volume 13, Issue 6, Page(s) 505–506

Language	English
Publishing date	2018-11-22
Publishing country	Netherlands
Document type	Editorial
ZDB-ID	2650931-3
ISSN	2221-285X ; 1818-0876 ; 2221-285X
ISSN (online)	2221-285X
ISSN	1818-0876 ; 2221-285X
DOI	10.1016/j.ajps.2018.10.001
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