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  1. Article: Efficacy and Safety of Peroral Endoscopic Myotomy (POEM) in Achalasia: An Updated Meta-analysis.

    Khaiser, Afshin / Baig, Muhammad / Forcione, David / Bechtold, Matthew / Puli, Srinivas R

    Middle East journal of digestive diseases

    2023  Volume 15, Issue 4, Page(s) 235–241

    Abstract: Background: ...

    Abstract Background:
    Language English
    Publishing date 2023-10-30
    Publishing country Iran
    Document type Journal Article
    ZDB-ID 2623796-9
    ISSN 2008-5249 ; 2008-5230
    ISSN (online) 2008-5249
    ISSN 2008-5230
    DOI 10.34172/mejdd.2023.352
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  2. Article: Response Letter.

    Freeman, Andrew L / Bechtold, Joan E / Polly, David W

    International journal of spine surgery

    2023  Volume 17, Issue 1, Page(s) 164–165

    Language English
    Publishing date 2023-02-02
    Publishing country Netherlands
    Document type Letter
    ISSN 2211-4599
    ISSN 2211-4599
    DOI 10.14444/8361
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  3. Article ; Online: Eat, sleep, repeat: the role of the circadian system in balancing sleep-wake control with metabolic need.

    Northeast, Rebecca C / Vyazovskiy, Vladyslav V / Bechtold, David A

    Current opinion in physiology

    2020  Volume 15, Page(s) 183–191

    Abstract: Feeding and sleep are behaviours fundamental to survival, and as such are subject to powerful homeostatic control. Of course, these are mutually exclusive behaviours, and therefore require coordinated temporal organisation to ensure that both energy ... ...

    Abstract Feeding and sleep are behaviours fundamental to survival, and as such are subject to powerful homeostatic control. Of course, these are mutually exclusive behaviours, and therefore require coordinated temporal organisation to ensure that both energy demands and sleep need are met. Under optimal conditions, foraging/feeding and sleep can be simply partitioned to appropriate phases of the circadian cycle so that they are in suitable alignment with the external environment. However, under conditions of negative energy balance, increased foraging activity must be balanced against sleep requirements and energy conservation. In mammals and many other species, neural circuits that regulate sleep and energy balance are intimately and reciprocally linked. Here, we examine this circuitry, discuss how homeostatic regulation and temporal patterning of sleep are modulated by altered food availability, and describe the role of circadian system in adaptation to metabolic stress.
    Language English
    Publishing date 2020-06-16
    Publishing country England
    Document type Journal Article ; Review
    ZDB-ID 2918626-2
    ISSN 2468-8673 ; 2468-8681
    ISSN (online) 2468-8673
    ISSN 2468-8681
    DOI 10.1016/j.cophys.2020.02.003
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  4. Article: QSO Absorption Lines. Probing the Universe. J. Chris Blades, David A. Turnshek, and Colin A. Norman, Eds. Published for the Space Telescope Science Institute by Cambridge University Press, New York, 1988. x, 348 pp., illus. $39.50. Space Telescope Science Institute Symposium Series, vol. 2. From a meeting, Baltimore, MD, May 1987.

    Bechtold, J

    Science (New York, N.Y.)

    1989  Volume 246, Issue 4936, Page(s) 1504–1505

    Language English
    Publishing date 1989-12-15
    Publishing country United States
    Document type Journal Article
    ZDB-ID 128410-1
    ISSN 1095-9203 ; 0036-8075
    ISSN (online) 1095-9203
    ISSN 0036-8075
    DOI 10.1126/science.246.4936.1504
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    In stock of ZB MED Cologne/Königswinter

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  5. Article ; Online: Suprachiasmatic nucleus-dependent and independent outputs driving rhythmic activity in hypothalamic and thalamic neurons.

    Harding, Court / Bechtold, David A / Brown, Timothy M

    BMC biology

    2020  Volume 18, Issue 1, Page(s) 134

    Abstract: Background: Daily variations in mammalian physiology are under control of a central clock in the suprachiasmatic nucleus (SCN). SCN timing signals are essential for coordinating cellular clocks and associated circadian variations in cell and tissue ... ...

    Abstract Background: Daily variations in mammalian physiology are under control of a central clock in the suprachiasmatic nucleus (SCN). SCN timing signals are essential for coordinating cellular clocks and associated circadian variations in cell and tissue function across the body; however, direct SCN projections primarily target a restricted set of hypothalamic and thalamic nuclei involved in physiological and behavioural control. The role of the SCN in driving rhythmic activity in these targets remains largely unclear. Here, we address this issue via multielectrode recording and manipulations of SCN output in adult mouse brain slices.
    Results: Electrical stimulation identifies cells across the midline hypothalamus and ventral thalamus that receive inhibitory input from the SCN and/or excitatory input from the retina. Optogenetic manipulations confirm that SCN outputs arise from both VIP and, more frequently, non-VIP expressing cells and that both SCN and retinal projections almost exclusively target GABAergic downstream neurons. The majority of midline hypothalamic and ventral thalamic neurons exhibit circadian variation in firing and those receiving inhibitory SCN projections consistently exhibit peak activity during epochs when SCN output is low. Physical removal of the SCN confirms that neuronal rhythms in ~ 20% of the recorded neurons rely on central clock input but also reveals many neurons that can express circadian variation in firing independent of any SCN input.
    Conclusions: We identify cell populations across the midline hypothalamus and ventral thalamus exhibiting SCN-dependent and independent rhythms in neural activity, providing new insight into the mechanisms by which the circadian system generates daily physiological rhythms.
    MeSH term(s) Animals ; Circadian Rhythm/physiology ; Hypothalamus/physiology ; Mice ; Neurons/physiology ; Suprachiasmatic Nucleus/physiology ; Thalamus/physiology
    Language English
    Publishing date 2020-09-30
    Publishing country England
    Document type Journal Article ; Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't
    ISSN 1741-7007
    ISSN (online) 1741-7007
    DOI 10.1186/s12915-020-00871-8
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  6. Article ; Online: HaloChIP-seq for Antibody-Independent Mapping of Mouse Transcription Factor Cistromes

    Hunter, Ann Louise / Adamson, Antony D / Poolman, Toryn M / Grudzien, Magdalena / Loudon, Andrew S I / Ray, David W / Bechtold, David A

    Bio-protocol

    2022  Volume 12, Issue 13

    Abstract: Chromatin immunoprecipitation (ChIP) maps, on a genome-wide scale, transcription factor binding sites, and the distribution of other chromatin-associated proteins and their modifications. As such, it provides valuable insights into mechanisms of gene ... ...

    Abstract Chromatin immunoprecipitation (ChIP) maps, on a genome-wide scale, transcription factor binding sites, and the distribution of other chromatin-associated proteins and their modifications. As such, it provides valuable insights into mechanisms of gene regulation. However, successful ChIP experiments are dependent on the availability of a high-quality antibody against the target of interest. Using antibodies with poor sensitivity and specificity can yield misleading results. This can be partly circumvented by using epitope-tagged systems (
    Language English
    Publishing date 2022-07-05
    Publishing country United States
    Document type Journal Article
    ZDB-ID 2833269-6
    ISSN 2331-8325 ; 2331-8325
    ISSN (online) 2331-8325
    ISSN 2331-8325
    DOI 10.21769/BioProtoc.4460
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  7. Article ; Online: HNF4A modulates glucocorticoid action in the liver.

    Hunter, A Louise / Poolman, Toryn M / Kim, Donghwan / Gonzalez, Frank J / Bechtold, David A / Loudon, Andrew S I / Iqbal, Mudassar / Ray, David W

    Cell reports

    2022  Volume 39, Issue 3, Page(s) 110697

    Abstract: The glucocorticoid receptor (GR) is a nuclear receptor critical to the regulation of energy metabolism and inflammation. The actions of GR are dependent on cell type and context. Here, we demonstrate the role of liver lineage-determining factor ... ...

    Abstract The glucocorticoid receptor (GR) is a nuclear receptor critical to the regulation of energy metabolism and inflammation. The actions of GR are dependent on cell type and context. Here, we demonstrate the role of liver lineage-determining factor hepatocyte nuclear factor 4A (HNF4A) in defining liver specificity of GR action. In mouse liver, the HNF4A motif lies adjacent to the glucocorticoid response element (GRE) at GR binding sites within regions of open chromatin. In the absence of HNF4A, the liver GR cistrome is remodeled, with loss and gain of GR recruitment evident. Loss of chromatin accessibility at HNF4A-marked sites associates with loss of GR binding at weak GRE motifs. GR binding and chromatin accessibility are gained at sites characterized by strong GRE motifs, which show GR recruitment in non-liver tissues. The functional importance of these HNF4A-regulated GR sites is indicated by an altered transcriptional response to glucocorticoid treatment in the Hnf4a-null liver.
    MeSH term(s) Animals ; Chromatin/metabolism ; Glucocorticoids/metabolism ; Glucocorticoids/pharmacology ; Hepatocyte Nuclear Factor 4/genetics ; Hepatocyte Nuclear Factor 4/metabolism ; Hepatocyte Nuclear Factors/metabolism ; Liver/metabolism ; Mice ; Receptors, Glucocorticoid/metabolism
    Chemical Substances Chromatin ; Glucocorticoids ; Hepatocyte Nuclear Factor 4 ; Hepatocyte Nuclear Factors ; Hnf4a protein, mouse ; Receptors, Glucocorticoid
    Language English
    Publishing date 2022-04-20
    Publishing country United States
    Document type Journal Article
    ZDB-ID 2649101-1
    ISSN 2211-1247 ; 2211-1247
    ISSN (online) 2211-1247
    ISSN 2211-1247
    DOI 10.1016/j.celrep.2022.110697
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  8. Article ; Online: Chrono-nutrition: From molecular and neuronal mechanisms to human epidemiology and timed feeding patterns.

    Flanagan, Alan / Bechtold, David A / Pot, Gerda K / Johnston, Jonathan D

    Journal of neurochemistry

    2020  Volume 157, Issue 1, Page(s) 53–72

    Abstract: The circadian timing system governs daily biological rhythms, synchronising physiology and behaviour to the temporal world. External time cues, including the light-dark cycle and timing of food intake, provide daily signals for entrainment of the central, ...

    Abstract The circadian timing system governs daily biological rhythms, synchronising physiology and behaviour to the temporal world. External time cues, including the light-dark cycle and timing of food intake, provide daily signals for entrainment of the central, master circadian clock in the hypothalamic suprachiasmatic nuclei (SCN), and of metabolic rhythms in peripheral tissues, respectively. Chrono-nutrition is an emerging field building on the relationship between temporal eating patterns, circadian rhythms, and metabolic health. Evidence from both animal and human research demonstrates adverse metabolic consequences of circadian disruption. Conversely, a growing body of evidence indicates that aligning food intake to periods of the day when circadian rhythms in metabolic processes are optimised for nutrition may be effective for improving metabolic health. Circadian rhythms in glucose and lipid homeostasis, insulin responsiveness and sensitivity, energy expenditure, and postprandial metabolism, may favour eating patterns characterised by earlier temporal distribution of energy. This review details the molecular basis for metabolic clocks, the regulation of feeding behaviour, and the evidence for meal timing as an entraining signal for the circadian system in animal models. The epidemiology of temporal eating patterns in humans is examined, together with evidence from human intervention studies investigating the metabolic effects of morning compared to evening energy intake, and emerging chrono-nutrition interventions such as time-restricted feeding. Chrono-nutrition may have therapeutic application for individuals with and at-risk of metabolic disease and convey health benefits within the general population.
    MeSH term(s) Animals ; Circadian Rhythm/physiology ; Energy Metabolism/physiology ; Feeding Behavior/physiology ; Homeostasis/physiology ; Humans ; Neurons/physiology ; Photoperiod
    Language English
    Publishing date 2020-12-10
    Publishing country England
    Document type Journal Article ; Review
    ZDB-ID 80158-6
    ISSN 1471-4159 ; 0022-3042 ; 1474-1644
    ISSN (online) 1471-4159
    ISSN 0022-3042 ; 1474-1644
    DOI 10.1111/jnc.15246
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    Ui II Zs.170: Show issues Location:
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  9. Article ; Online: Suprachiasmatic nucleus-dependent and independent outputs driving rhythmic activity in hypothalamic and thalamic neurons

    Court Harding / David A. Bechtold / Timothy M. Brown

    BMC Biology, Vol 18, Iss 1, Pp 1-

    2020  Volume 16

    Abstract: Abstract Background Daily variations in mammalian physiology are under control of a central clock in the suprachiasmatic nucleus (SCN). SCN timing signals are essential for coordinating cellular clocks and associated circadian variations in cell and ... ...

    Abstract Abstract Background Daily variations in mammalian physiology are under control of a central clock in the suprachiasmatic nucleus (SCN). SCN timing signals are essential for coordinating cellular clocks and associated circadian variations in cell and tissue function across the body; however, direct SCN projections primarily target a restricted set of hypothalamic and thalamic nuclei involved in physiological and behavioural control. The role of the SCN in driving rhythmic activity in these targets remains largely unclear. Here, we address this issue via multielectrode recording and manipulations of SCN output in adult mouse brain slices. Results Electrical stimulation identifies cells across the midline hypothalamus and ventral thalamus that receive inhibitory input from the SCN and/or excitatory input from the retina. Optogenetic manipulations confirm that SCN outputs arise from both VIP and, more frequently, non-VIP expressing cells and that both SCN and retinal projections almost exclusively target GABAergic downstream neurons. The majority of midline hypothalamic and ventral thalamic neurons exhibit circadian variation in firing and those receiving inhibitory SCN projections consistently exhibit peak activity during epochs when SCN output is low. Physical removal of the SCN confirms that neuronal rhythms in ~ 20% of the recorded neurons rely on central clock input but also reveals many neurons that can express circadian variation in firing independent of any SCN input. Conclusions We identify cell populations across the midline hypothalamus and ventral thalamus exhibiting SCN-dependent and independent rhythms in neural activity, providing new insight into the mechanisms by which the circadian system generates daily physiological rhythms.
    Keywords Electrophysiology ; Circadian ; Paraventricular nucleus ; Subparaventricular zone ; Channelrhodopsin ; Biology (General) ; QH301-705.5
    Subject code 571
    Language English
    Publishing date 2020-09-01T00:00:00Z
    Publisher BMC
    Document type Article ; Online
    Database BASE - Bielefeld Academic Search Engine (life sciences selection)

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  10. Article ; Online: Development of a sacral fracture model to demonstrate effects on sagittal alignment.

    Homer, Cole J / Haselhuhn, Jason J / Ellingson, Arin M / Bechtold, Joan E / Polly, David W

    Spine deformity

    2023  Volume 11, Issue 6, Page(s) 1325–1333

    Abstract: Purpose: To develop a modeling framework to predict the secondary consequences on spinal alignment following correction and to demonstrate the impact of pedicle subtraction osteotomy (PSO) location on sagittal alignment.: Methods: Six patients were ... ...

    Abstract Purpose: To develop a modeling framework to predict the secondary consequences on spinal alignment following correction and to demonstrate the impact of pedicle subtraction osteotomy (PSO) location on sagittal alignment.
    Methods: Six patients were included, and pelvic incidence (PI) was measured. Full-length standing radiographs were uploaded into PowerPoint and manipulated to model S1-S2 joint line sacral fractures at 15°, 20°, 25°, and 30°. PSO corrections with hinge points at the anterior superior corner and vertical midpoint of the L3-5 vertebral bodies were modeled. Anterior translation (AT) and vertical shortening (VS) were calculated for the six PSO locations in the four fracture angle (FA) models.
    Results: PI had a strong effect in the mixed AT and VS models (P < 0.001). Both AT and VS were significantly different from zero at all FA (p < 0.001), and pairwise comparisons revealed all FA were different from each other with respect to both AT and VS after adjusting for PSO location (p < 0.001), increasing as FA increased. Varying PSO location resulted in significant differences in AT when comparing all locations (p < 0.001). AT was greatest for all FA in all patients when the PSO correction was performed at the L3-AS (p < 0.001). There were significant differences in VS when comparing the L5-Mid PSO location to the L3-AS, L3-Mid, L4-AS, and L4-Mid PSO locations (p < 0.034).
    Conclusion: PSO correction superior to a sacral fracture resulted in AT and VS of the spine. It is crucial that these changes in spinal measures be predicted and accounted for to optimize patient sagittal alignment and outcomes.
    Language English
    Publishing date 2023-06-29
    Publishing country England
    Document type Journal Article
    ZDB-ID 2717704-X
    ISSN 2212-1358 ; 2212-134X ; 2212-1358
    ISSN (online) 2212-1358 ; 2212-134X
    ISSN 2212-1358
    DOI 10.1007/s43390-023-00721-x
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