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  1. Book ; Online ; Thesis: Behavioral Interventions and Students' Success at University - Evidence from Randomized Field Experiments

    Brade, Raphael [Verfasser] / Schwager, Robert [Akademischer Betreuer] / Schwager, Robert [Gutachter] / Himmler, Oliver [Gutachter] / Kneib, Thomas [Gutachter]

    2022  

    Author's details Raphael Brade ; Gutachter: Robert Schwager, Oliver Himmler, Thomas Kneib ; Betreuer: Robert Schwager
    Keywords Erziehung, Schul- und Bildungswesen ; Education
    Subject code sg370
    Language English
    Publisher Niedersächsische Staats- und Universitätsbibliothek Göttingen
    Publishing place Göttingen
    Document type Book ; Online ; Thesis
    Database Digital theses on the web

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  2. Article: Auswirkung von Hubschraubertransporten auf die Hämolyserate von Erythrozytenkonzentraten bei deren Einsatz in der Luftrettung

    Brade, Marko / Dahmen, Janosch / Zeiger, Sascha / Ohmann, Tobias / Finger, Christiane / Unnerstall, Brigitte / Zeiler, Thomas / Suck, Garnet

    Der Notarzt

    2020  Volume 36, Issue 03, Page(s) 151–159

    Abstract: Im Rahmen der präklinischen Versorgung von schwer verletzten Patienten wird der Nutzen einer Transfusion von Erythrozytenkonzentraten (EK) schon am Unfallort diskutiert. Hierbei kommt der Luftrettung hinsichtlich Vorhaltung und Transport eine erhebliche ... ...

    Abstract Im Rahmen der präklinischen Versorgung von schwer verletzten Patienten wird der Nutzen einer Transfusion von Erythrozytenkonzentraten (EK) schon am Unfallort diskutiert. Hierbei kommt der Luftrettung hinsichtlich Vorhaltung und Transport eine erhebliche Bedeutung zu. Unklar ist, ob die Vibrationen im Hubschrauber eine Hämolyse induzieren und so eine richtlinienkonforme und damit sichere Anwendung verhindern könnten. Ziel dieser Untersuchung ist es, die Hämolyseraten von standardmäßig gelagerten mit denen in einem Hubschrauber transportierten EK zu vergleichen. Es erfolgte die Herstellung von identischen Paaren von EK. Während die EK der Kontrollgruppe richtlinienkonform gelagert wurden, erfolgte für die EK der Interventionsgruppe die Mitnahme im Hubschrauber während Realeinsätzen. Danach erfolgte die Bestimmung der Hämolyserate zu 3 verschiedenen Zeitpunkten. In beiden Gruppen ließ sich ein Anstieg der Hämolyserate über die Zeit nachweisen, was dem üblichen Alterungsprozess der Erythrozytenkonzentrate entspricht. Alle Werte blieben deutlich unter der von der Richtlinie geforderten maximalen Hämolyserate. Ein relevanter Unterschied zwischen beiden Gruppen ließ sich zu keinem Zeitpunkt zeigen. Ein sicherer Transport von EK im Rettungshubschrauber hinsichtlich der Qualität im Sinne einer im Rahmen liegenden Hämolyserate und damit die Voraussetzung zu deren sicherer Anwendung im präklinischen Setting ist daher problemlos möglich.
    Keywords Luftrettung ; Transfusion ; Polytrauma ; Hämolyse ; air rescue ; transfusion ; severe injury ; hemolysis
    Language German
    Publishing date 2020-04-15
    Publisher Georg Thieme Verlag KG
    Publishing place Stuttgart ; New York
    Document type Article
    ZDB-ID 2039417-2
    ISSN 1438-8693 ; 0177-2309
    ISSN (online) 1438-8693
    ISSN 0177-2309
    DOI 10.1055/a-1129-6647
    Database Thieme publisher's database

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  3. Book ; Online ; Thesis: Untersuchungen zur Bedeutung von Xenopus-Islet-1 während der kardiovaskulären Entwicklung von Xenopus laevis

    Brade, Thomas Ulrich [Verfasser]

    2007  

    Author's details vorgelegt von Thomas Ulrich Brade
    Keywords Biowissenschaften, Biologie ; Life Science, Biology
    Subject code sg570
    Language German
    Document type Book ; Online ; Thesis
    Database Digital theses on the web

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  4. Article ; Online: Retinoic acid functions as a key GABAergic differentiation signal in the basal ganglia.

    Chatzi, Christina / Brade, Thomas / Duester, Gregg

    PLoS biology

    2011  Volume 9, Issue 4, Page(s) e1000609

    Abstract: Although retinoic acid (RA) has been implicated as an extrinsic signal regulating forebrain neurogenesis, the processes regulated by RA signaling remain unclear. Here, analysis of retinaldehyde dehydrogenase mutant mouse embryos lacking RA synthesis ... ...

    Abstract Although retinoic acid (RA) has been implicated as an extrinsic signal regulating forebrain neurogenesis, the processes regulated by RA signaling remain unclear. Here, analysis of retinaldehyde dehydrogenase mutant mouse embryos lacking RA synthesis demonstrates that RA generated by Raldh3 in the subventricular zone of the basal ganglia is required for GABAergic differentiation, whereas RA generated by Raldh2 in the meninges is unnecessary for development of the adjacent cortex. Neurospheres generated from the lateral ganglionic eminence (LGE), where Raldh3 is highly expressed, produce endogenous RA, which is required for differentiation to GABAergic neurons. In Raldh3⁻/⁻ embryos, LGE progenitors fail to differentiate into either GABAergic striatal projection neurons or GABAergic interneurons migrating to the olfactory bulb and cortex. We describe conditions for RA treatment of human embryonic stem cells that result in efficient differentiation to a heterogeneous population of GABAergic interneurons without the appearance of GABAergic striatal projection neurons, thus providing an in vitro method for generation of GABAergic interneurons for further study. Our observation that endogenous RA is required for generation of LGE-derived GABAergic neurons in the basal ganglia establishes a key role for RA signaling in development of the forebrain.
    MeSH term(s) Animals ; Basal Ganglia/cytology ; Basal Ganglia/embryology ; Basal Ganglia/metabolism ; Cell Differentiation/drug effects ; Cell Differentiation/physiology ; Cells, Cultured ; Embryo, Mammalian ; Embryonic Stem Cells/drug effects ; Embryonic Stem Cells/metabolism ; GABA Agents/metabolism ; Gene Expression Regulation, Developmental ; Humans ; Interneurons/cytology ; Interneurons/drug effects ; Interneurons/metabolism ; Mice ; Mice, Knockout ; Prosencephalon/drug effects ; Prosencephalon/metabolism ; Retinal Dehydrogenase/deficiency ; Retinal Dehydrogenase/genetics ; Signal Transduction ; Tretinoin/metabolism ; Tretinoin/pharmacology ; gamma-Aminobutyric Acid/metabolism
    Chemical Substances GABA Agents ; gamma-Aminobutyric Acid (56-12-2) ; Tretinoin (5688UTC01R) ; Retinal Dehydrogenase (EC 1.2.1.36) ; retinaldehyde dehydrogenase 3, mouse (EC 1.2.1.36)
    Language English
    Publishing date 2011-04-12
    Publishing country United States
    Document type Journal Article ; Research Support, N.I.H., Extramural ; Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't
    ZDB-ID 2126776-5
    ISSN 1545-7885 ; 1544-9173
    ISSN (online) 1545-7885
    ISSN 1544-9173
    DOI 10.1371/journal.pbio.1000609
    Database MEDical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System OnLINE

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  5. Article ; Online: Retinoic Acid Activity in Undifferentiated Neural Progenitors Is Sufficient to Fulfill Its Role in Restricting Fgf8 Expression for Somitogenesis.

    Cunningham, Thomas J / Brade, Thomas / Sandell, Lisa L / Lewandoski, Mark / Trainor, Paul A / Colas, Alexandre / Mercola, Mark / Duester, Gregg

    PloS one

    2015  Volume 10, Issue 9, Page(s) e0137894

    Abstract: Bipotent axial stem cells residing in the caudal epiblast during late gastrulation generate neuroectodermal and presomitic mesodermal progeny that coordinate somitogenesis with neural tube formation, but the mechanism that controls these two fates is not ...

    Abstract Bipotent axial stem cells residing in the caudal epiblast during late gastrulation generate neuroectodermal and presomitic mesodermal progeny that coordinate somitogenesis with neural tube formation, but the mechanism that controls these two fates is not fully understood. Retinoic acid (RA) restricts the anterior extent of caudal fibroblast growth factor 8 (Fgf8) expression in both mesoderm and neural plate to control somitogenesis and neurogenesis, however it remains unclear where RA acts to control the spatial expression of caudal Fgf8. Here, we found that mouse Raldh2-/- embryos, lacking RA synthesis and displaying a consistent small somite defect, exhibited abnormal expression of key markers of axial stem cell progeny, with decreased Sox2+ and Sox1+ neuroectodermal progeny and increased Tbx6+ presomitic mesodermal progeny. The Raldh2-/- small somite defect was rescued by treatment with an FGF receptor antagonist. Rdh10 mutants, with a less severe RA synthesis defect, were found to exhibit a small somite defect and anterior expansion of caudal Fgf8 expression only for somites 1-6, with normal somite size and Fgf8 expression thereafter. Rdh10 mutants were found to lack RA activity during the early phase when somites are small, but at the 6-somite stage RA activity was detected in neural plate although not in presomitic mesoderm. Expression of a dominant-negative RA receptor in mesoderm eliminated RA activity in presomitic mesoderm but did not affect somitogenesis. Thus, RA activity in the neural plate is sufficient to prevent anterior expansion of caudal Fgf8 expression associated with a small somite defect. Our studies provide evidence that RA restriction of Fgf8 expression in undifferentiated neural progenitors stimulates neurogenesis while also restricting the anterior extent of the mesodermal Fgf8 mRNA gradient that controls somite size, providing new insight into the mechanism that coordinates somitogenesis with neurogenesis.
    MeSH term(s) Aldehyde Oxidoreductases/genetics ; Aldehyde Oxidoreductases/metabolism ; Animals ; Embryo Culture Techniques ; Fibroblast Growth Factor 8/metabolism ; Gene Expression Regulation, Developmental ; Mice ; Neural Plate/metabolism ; Neural Plate/physiology ; Neurogenesis ; Somites/abnormalities ; Somites/growth & development ; Tretinoin
    Chemical Substances Fgf8 protein, mouse ; Fibroblast Growth Factor 8 (148997-75-5) ; Tretinoin (5688UTC01R) ; Aldehyde Oxidoreductases (EC 1.2.-) ; RALDH2 protein, mouse (EC 1.2.1.36)
    Language English
    Publishing date 2015-09-14
    Publishing country United States
    Document type Journal Article ; Research Support, N.I.H., Extramural ; Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't
    ISSN 1932-6203
    ISSN (online) 1932-6203
    DOI 10.1371/journal.pone.0137894
    Database MEDical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System OnLINE

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  6. Article ; Online: Retinoic acid controls expression of tissue remodeling genes Hmgn1 and Fgf18 at the digit-interdigit junction.

    Zhao, Xianling / Brade, Thomas / Cunningham, Thomas J / Duester, Gregg

    Developmental dynamics : an official publication of the American Association of Anatomists

    2009  Volume 239, Issue 2, Page(s) 665–671

    Abstract: Previous studies on retinoic acid receptor (RAR) mutants suggested that retinoic acid (RA) is required for loss of interdigital mesenchyme during digit formation. Here, we report that the RA-generating enzyme retinaldehyde dehydrogenase-2 (Raldh2) is ... ...

    Abstract Previous studies on retinoic acid receptor (RAR) mutants suggested that retinoic acid (RA) is required for loss of interdigital mesenchyme during digit formation. Here, we report that the RA-generating enzyme retinaldehyde dehydrogenase-2 (Raldh2) is expressed in the interdigital mesenchyme whereas Cyp26b1, controlling RA degradation, is expressed in digits, limiting autopodal RA action to the interdigital zones. Embryonic day 13.5 Raldh2-/- mouse embryos lose expression of the RARE-lacZ RA-reporter transgene and matrix metalloproteinase-11 (Mmp11) throughout the interdigital mesenchyme, while expression of RARb, Fgf18, and high mobility group N1 (Hmgn1) is lost at the digit-interdigit junction. Raldh2-/- autopods exhibit reduced interdigital apoptosis associated with loss of Bmp7 expression, but Bmp2, Bmp4, Msx2, and Fgf8 were unaffected. Although interdigital expression of Hmgn1 was greatly down-regulated in Raldh2-/- autopods, complementary expression of Sox9 in digit cartilage was unaffected. Regulation of Hmgn1 and Fgf18 at the digit-interdigit junction suggests RA controls tissue remodeling as well as apoptosis.
    MeSH term(s) Aldehyde Oxidoreductases/metabolism ; Animals ; Apoptosis ; Bone Morphogenetic Proteins/metabolism ; Embryonic Development ; Fibroblast Growth Factors/metabolism ; HMGN1 Protein/metabolism ; Hindlimb/embryology ; Hindlimb/metabolism ; Matrix Metalloproteinase 11/metabolism ; Mice ; Mutation ; Receptors, Retinoic Acid/metabolism ; SOX9 Transcription Factor/metabolism ; Signal Transduction ; Tretinoin/metabolism
    Chemical Substances Bone Morphogenetic Proteins ; HMGN1 Protein ; Receptors, Retinoic Acid ; SOX9 Transcription Factor ; Sox9 protein, mouse ; fibroblast growth factor 18 ; retinoic acid receptor beta ; Tretinoin (5688UTC01R) ; Fibroblast Growth Factors (62031-54-3) ; Aldehyde Oxidoreductases (EC 1.2.-) ; RALDH2 protein, mouse (EC 1.2.1.36) ; Matrix Metalloproteinase 11 (EC 3.4.24.-)
    Language English
    Publishing date 2009-12-23
    Publishing country United States
    Document type Journal Article ; Research Support, N.I.H., Extramural
    ZDB-ID 1102541-4
    ISSN 1097-0177 ; 1058-8388
    ISSN (online) 1097-0177
    ISSN 1058-8388
    DOI 10.1002/dvdy.22188
    Database MEDical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System OnLINE

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  7. Article ; Online: Retinoic acid functions as a key GABAergic differentiation signal in the basal ganglia.

    Christina Chatzi / Thomas Brade / Gregg Duester

    PLoS Biology, Vol 9, Iss 4, p e

    2011  Volume 1000609

    Abstract: Although retinoic acid (RA) has been implicated as an extrinsic signal regulating forebrain neurogenesis, the processes regulated by RA signaling remain unclear. Here, analysis of retinaldehyde dehydrogenase mutant mouse embryos lacking RA synthesis ... ...

    Abstract Although retinoic acid (RA) has been implicated as an extrinsic signal regulating forebrain neurogenesis, the processes regulated by RA signaling remain unclear. Here, analysis of retinaldehyde dehydrogenase mutant mouse embryos lacking RA synthesis demonstrates that RA generated by Raldh3 in the subventricular zone of the basal ganglia is required for GABAergic differentiation, whereas RA generated by Raldh2 in the meninges is unnecessary for development of the adjacent cortex. Neurospheres generated from the lateral ganglionic eminence (LGE), where Raldh3 is highly expressed, produce endogenous RA, which is required for differentiation to GABAergic neurons. In Raldh3⁻/⁻ embryos, LGE progenitors fail to differentiate into either GABAergic striatal projection neurons or GABAergic interneurons migrating to the olfactory bulb and cortex. We describe conditions for RA treatment of human embryonic stem cells that result in efficient differentiation to a heterogeneous population of GABAergic interneurons without the appearance of GABAergic striatal projection neurons, thus providing an in vitro method for generation of GABAergic interneurons for further study. Our observation that endogenous RA is required for generation of LGE-derived GABAergic neurons in the basal ganglia establishes a key role for RA signaling in development of the forebrain.
    Keywords Biology (General) ; QH301-705.5
    Subject code 571
    Language English
    Publishing date 2011-04-01T00:00:00Z
    Publisher Public Library of Science (PLoS)
    Document type Article ; Online
    Database BASE - Bielefeld Academic Search Engine (life sciences selection)

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  8. Article ; Online: Embryonic heart progenitors and cardiogenesis.

    Brade, Thomas / Pane, Luna S / Moretti, Alessandra / Chien, Kenneth R / Laugwitz, Karl-Ludwig

    Cold Spring Harbor perspectives in medicine

    2013  Volume 3, Issue 10, Page(s) a013847

    Abstract: The mammalian heart is a highly specialized organ, comprised of many different cell types arising from distinct embryonic progenitor populations during cardiogenesis. Three precursor populations have been identified to contribute to different myocytic ... ...

    Abstract The mammalian heart is a highly specialized organ, comprised of many different cell types arising from distinct embryonic progenitor populations during cardiogenesis. Three precursor populations have been identified to contribute to different myocytic and nonmyocytic cell lineages of the heart: cardiogenic mesoderm cells (CMC), the proepicardium (PE), and cardiac neural crest cells (CNCCs). This review will focus on molecular cues necessary for proper induction, expansion, and lineage-specific differentiation of these progenitor populations during cardiac development in vivo. Moreover, we will briefly discuss how the knowledge gained on embryonic heart progenitor biology can be used to develop novel therapeutic strategies for the management of congenital heart disease as well as for improvement of cardiac function in ischemic heart disease.
    MeSH term(s) Animals ; Cell Differentiation ; Cell Lineage ; Embryonic Stem Cells/cytology ; Embryonic Stem Cells/physiology ; Heart/embryology ; Heart Defects, Congenital/embryology ; Heart Defects, Congenital/pathology ; Humans ; Mesoderm/cytology ; Mesoderm/embryology ; Myocardium/cytology ; Neovascularization, Physiologic/physiology ; Neural Crest/cytology ; Neural Crest/embryology ; Pericardium/cytology ; Pericardium/embryology ; Regenerative Medicine/methods
    Language English
    Publishing date 2013-10-01
    Publishing country United States
    Document type Journal Article ; Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't ; Review
    ISSN 2157-1422
    ISSN (online) 2157-1422
    DOI 10.1101/cshperspect.a013847
    Database MEDical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System OnLINE

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  9. Article ; Online: Cellular distribution of lipid A and LPS R595 after in vitro application to isolated human monocytes by freeze-fracture replica immunogold-labelling.

    Richter, Walter / Heinbockel, Lena / Kaconis, Yani / Steiniger, Frank / Gutsmann, Thomas / Brade, Lore / Brandenburg, Klaus

    Innate immunity

    2013  Volume 19, Issue 6, Page(s) 588–595

    Abstract: We have performed freeze-fracture replica immunogold labelling of endotoxin preparations (lipid A and deep rough mutant LPS Re from Salmonella enterica sv. Minnesota), i.e. adding the endotoxins to human monocytes, labelling with monoclonal Abs ... ...

    Abstract We have performed freeze-fracture replica immunogold labelling of endotoxin preparations (lipid A and deep rough mutant LPS Re from Salmonella enterica sv. Minnesota), i.e. adding the endotoxins to human monocytes, labelling with monoclonal Abs recognizing either lipid A or LPS Re (A6 and A20 respectively), and fixing with immunogold secondary Ab. We have found that the endotoxins intercalated into the cell membranes with subsequent internalization by the cells. Surprisingly, membrane uptake took place only in the inner, plasmic leaflet of the plasma membrane, but there was no uptake of the outer leaflet for both compounds. Remarkable labelling could be also found for the two membranes of the nuclear envelope-in the case of lipid A only at the plasmic leaflet, but in the case of LPS Re on both leaflets. Isothermal calorimetric titration of the AB A20 with LPS and phospholipids showed that the Ab may bind not only to LPS but also to negatively charged phosphatidylserine. These results are discussed in the frame of the published concepts of cell activation induced by the endotoxins, i.e. how they are able to cause a conformational change of signalling proteins, such as the TLR4/MD2 complex.
    MeSH term(s) Cell Membrane/metabolism ; Cells, Cultured ; Freeze Fracturing ; Host-Pathogen Interactions/immunology ; Humans ; Immune Evasion ; Immunohistochemistry ; Lipid A/metabolism ; Lipopolysaccharides/genetics ; Lipopolysaccharides/metabolism ; Lymphocyte Antigen 96/metabolism ; Monocytes/immunology ; Monocytes/metabolism ; Monocytes/pathology ; Mutation/genetics ; Salmonella Infections/immunology ; Salmonella enterica/immunology ; Signal Transduction/immunology ; Species Specificity ; Staining and Labeling/methods ; Toll-Like Receptor 4/metabolism
    Chemical Substances LY96 protein, human ; Lipid A ; Lipopolysaccharides ; Lymphocyte Antigen 96 ; Toll-Like Receptor 4
    Language English
    Publishing date 2013-12
    Publishing country United States
    Document type Journal Article ; Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't
    ISSN 1753-4267
    ISSN (online) 1753-4267
    DOI 10.1177/1753425912473851
    Database MEDical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System OnLINE

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  10. Article ; Online: Sex-specific timing of meiotic initiation is regulated by Cyp26b1 independent of retinoic acid signalling.

    Kumar, Sandeep / Chatzi, Christina / Brade, Thomas / Cunningham, Thomas J / Zhao, Xianling / Duester, Gregg

    Nature communications

    2011  Volume 2, Page(s) 151

    Abstract: Sex-specific initiation of meiosis in the fetal ovary has been suggested to require retinoic acid (RA) for induction of Stra8, with expression of the RA-degrading enzyme Cyp26b1 in fetal testis delaying meiosis until postnatal development. In this study, ...

    Abstract Sex-specific initiation of meiosis in the fetal ovary has been suggested to require retinoic acid (RA) for induction of Stra8, with expression of the RA-degrading enzyme Cyp26b1 in fetal testis delaying meiosis until postnatal development. In this study, we investigate Raldh2(-/-) mice lacking RA synthesis and signalling in mesonephros and adjacent gonad and reveal that Stra8 expression in the fetal ovary does not require RA signalling. In contrast to previous observations, we find that Stra8 is expressed in the absence of physiologically detectable levels of RA. Ketoconazole inhibition of Cyp26b1 in Raldh2(-/-) testis allows RA-independent induction of Stra8, but only when the mesonephros remains attached, pointing to a non-RA signal from the mesonephros that induces Stra8 in the adjacent gonad. These findings demonstrate that Cyp26b1 prevents the onset of meiosis by metabolizing a substrate other than RA that controls Stra8 expression, thus changing the paradigm for how studies on Cyp26 function are conducted.
    Language English
    Publishing date 2011-01-11
    Publishing country England
    Document type Journal Article
    ZDB-ID 2553671-0
    ISSN 2041-1723 ; 2041-1723
    ISSN (online) 2041-1723
    ISSN 2041-1723
    DOI 10.1038/ncomms1136
    Database MEDical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System OnLINE

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