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  1. Article ; Online: Establishment of centromere identity is dependent on nuclear spatial organization.

    Wu, Weifang / McHugh, Toni / Kelly, David A / Pidoux, Alison L / Allshire, Robin C

    Current biology : CB

    2022  Volume 32, Issue 14, Page(s) 3121–3136.e6

    Abstract: The establishment of centromere-specific CENP-A chromatin is influenced by epigenetic and genetic processes. Central domain sequences from fission yeast centromeres are preferred substrates for CENP- ... ...

    Abstract The establishment of centromere-specific CENP-A chromatin is influenced by epigenetic and genetic processes. Central domain sequences from fission yeast centromeres are preferred substrates for CENP-A
    MeSH term(s) Centromere/metabolism ; Centromere Protein A/metabolism ; Chromosomal Proteins, Non-Histone/genetics ; Chromosomal Proteins, Non-Histone/metabolism ; DNA/genetics ; Heterochromatin/genetics ; Heterochromatin/metabolism ; Histones/metabolism ; Schizosaccharomyces/genetics ; Schizosaccharomyces/metabolism ; Schizosaccharomyces pombe Proteins/genetics ; Schizosaccharomyces pombe Proteins/metabolism
    Chemical Substances Centromere Protein A ; Chromosomal Proteins, Non-Histone ; Cnp1 protein, S pombe ; Heterochromatin ; Histones ; Schizosaccharomyces pombe Proteins ; DNA (9007-49-2)
    Language English
    Publishing date 2022-07-12
    Publishing country England
    Document type Journal Article ; Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't
    ZDB-ID 1071731-6
    ISSN 1879-0445 ; 0960-9822
    ISSN (online) 1879-0445
    ISSN 0960-9822
    DOI 10.1016/j.cub.2022.06.048
    Database MEDical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System OnLINE

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  2. Article ; Online: Proteasome-dependent truncation of the negative heterochromatin regulator Epe1 mediates antifungal resistance.

    Yaseen, Imtiyaz / White, Sharon A / Torres-Garcia, Sito / Spanos, Christos / Lafos, Marcel / Gaberdiel, Elisabeth / Yeboah, Rebecca / El Karoui, Meriem / Rappsilber, Juri / Pidoux, Alison L / Allshire, Robin C

    Nature structural & molecular biology

    2022  Volume 29, Issue 8, Page(s) 745–758

    Abstract: Epe1 histone demethylase restricts H3K9-methylation-dependent heterochromatin, preventing it from spreading over, and silencing, gene-containing regions in fission yeast. External stress induces an adaptive response allowing heterochromatin island ... ...

    Abstract Epe1 histone demethylase restricts H3K9-methylation-dependent heterochromatin, preventing it from spreading over, and silencing, gene-containing regions in fission yeast. External stress induces an adaptive response allowing heterochromatin island formation that confers resistance on surviving wild-type lineages. Here we investigate the mechanism by which Epe1 is regulated in response to stress. Exposure to caffeine or antifungals results in Epe1 ubiquitylation and proteasome-dependent removal of the N-terminal 150 residues from Epe1, generating truncated Epe1 (tEpe1) which accumulates in the cytoplasm. Constitutive tEpe1 expression increases H3K9 methylation over several chromosomal regions, reducing expression of underlying genes and enhancing resistance. Reciprocally, constitutive non-cleavable Epe1 expression decreases resistance. tEpe1-mediated resistance requires a functional JmjC demethylase domain. Moreover, caffeine-induced Epe1-to-tEpe1 cleavage is dependent on an intact cell integrity MAP kinase stress signaling pathway, mutations in which alter resistance. Thus, environmental changes elicit a mechanism that curtails the function of this key epigenetic modifier, allowing heterochromatin to reprogram gene expression, thereby bestowing resistance to some cells within a population. H3K9me-heterochromatin components are conserved in human and crop-plant fungal pathogens for which a limited number of antifungals exist. Our findings reveal how transient heterochromatin-dependent antifungal resistant epimutations develop and thus inform on how they might be countered.
    MeSH term(s) Antifungal Agents/metabolism ; Caffeine/metabolism ; Cytoplasm/metabolism ; Heterochromatin/genetics ; Heterochromatin/metabolism ; Humans ; Nuclear Proteins/metabolism ; Proteasome Endopeptidase Complex/metabolism ; Schizosaccharomyces/genetics ; Schizosaccharomyces/metabolism ; Schizosaccharomyces pombe Proteins/metabolism
    Chemical Substances Antifungal Agents ; Heterochromatin ; Nuclear Proteins ; Schizosaccharomyces pombe Proteins ; epe1 protein, S pombe ; Caffeine (3G6A5W338E) ; Proteasome Endopeptidase Complex (EC 3.4.25.1)
    Language English
    Publishing date 2022-07-25
    Publishing country United States
    Document type Journal Article ; Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't
    ZDB-ID 2126708-X
    ISSN 1545-9985 ; 1545-9993
    ISSN (online) 1545-9985
    ISSN 1545-9993
    DOI 10.1038/s41594-022-00801-y
    Database MEDical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System OnLINE

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  3. Article ; Online: Epigenetic gene silencing by heterochromatin primes fungal resistance.

    Torres-Garcia, Sito / Yaseen, Imtiyaz / Shukla, Manu / Audergon, Pauline N C B / White, Sharon A / Pidoux, Alison L / Allshire, Robin C

    Nature

    2020  Volume 585, Issue 7825, Page(s) 453–458

    Abstract: Heterochromatin that depends on histone H3 lysine 9 methylation (H3K9me) renders embedded genes transcriptionally ... ...

    Abstract Heterochromatin that depends on histone H3 lysine 9 methylation (H3K9me) renders embedded genes transcriptionally silent
    MeSH term(s) Caffeine/pharmacology ; Drug Resistance, Fungal/drug effects ; Drug Resistance, Fungal/genetics ; Gene Silencing/drug effects ; Heterochromatin/drug effects ; Heterochromatin/genetics ; Heterochromatin/metabolism ; Histone Acetyltransferases/metabolism ; Nuclear Proteins/metabolism ; Phenotype ; Schizosaccharomyces/cytology ; Schizosaccharomyces/drug effects ; Schizosaccharomyces/genetics ; Schizosaccharomyces/metabolism ; Schizosaccharomyces pombe Proteins/metabolism
    Chemical Substances Heterochromatin ; Nuclear Proteins ; Schizosaccharomyces pombe Proteins ; epe1 protein, S pombe ; Caffeine (3G6A5W338E) ; Histone Acetyltransferases (EC 2.3.1.48) ; Mst2 protein, S pombe (EC 2.3.1.48)
    Language English
    Publishing date 2020-09-09
    Publishing country England
    Document type Journal Article ; Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't
    ZDB-ID 120714-3
    ISSN 1476-4687 ; 0028-0836
    ISSN (online) 1476-4687
    ISSN 0028-0836
    DOI 10.1038/s41586-020-2706-x
    Database MEDical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System OnLINE

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  4. Article ; Online: Large domains of heterochromatin direct the formation of short mitotic chromosome loops.

    Fitz-James, Maximilian H / Tong, Pin / Pidoux, Alison L / Ozadam, Hakan / Yang, Liyan / White, Sharon A / Dekker, Job / Allshire, Robin C

    eLife

    2020  Volume 9

    Abstract: During mitosis chromosomes reorganise into highly compact, rod-shaped forms, thought to consist of consecutive chromatin loops around a central protein scaffold. Condensin complexes are involved in chromatin compaction, but the contribution of other ... ...

    Abstract During mitosis chromosomes reorganise into highly compact, rod-shaped forms, thought to consist of consecutive chromatin loops around a central protein scaffold. Condensin complexes are involved in chromatin compaction, but the contribution of other chromatin proteins, DNA sequence and histone modifications is less understood. A large region of fission yeast DNA inserted into a mouse chromosome was previously observed to adopt a mitotic organisation distinct from that of surrounding mouse DNA. Here, we show that a similar distinct structure is common to a large subset of insertion events in both mouse and human cells and is coincident with the presence of high levels of heterochromatic H3 lysine nine trimethylation (H3K9me3). Hi-C and microscopy indicate that the heterochromatinised fission yeast DNA is organised into smaller chromatin loops than flanking euchromatic mouse chromatin. We conclude that heterochromatin alters chromatin loop size, thus contributing to the distinct appearance of heterochromatin on mitotic chromosomes.
    MeSH term(s) Animals ; Chromosomes/chemistry ; Chromosomes/genetics ; Chromosomes/metabolism ; DNA, Fungal/chemistry ; DNA, Fungal/genetics ; DNA, Fungal/metabolism ; DNA, Recombinant/chemistry ; DNA, Recombinant/genetics ; DNA, Recombinant/metabolism ; HeLa Cells ; Heterochromatin/chemistry ; Heterochromatin/genetics ; Heterochromatin/metabolism ; Histones/chemistry ; Histones/genetics ; Histones/metabolism ; Humans ; Mice ; Mitosis/genetics ; NIH 3T3 Cells ; Schizosaccharomyces/genetics ; Transfection
    Chemical Substances DNA, Fungal ; DNA, Recombinant ; Heterochromatin ; Histones
    Language English
    Publishing date 2020-09-11
    Publishing country England
    Document type Journal Article ; Research Support, N.I.H., Extramural ; Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't
    ZDB-ID 2687154-3
    ISSN 2050-084X ; 2050-084X
    ISSN (online) 2050-084X
    ISSN 2050-084X
    DOI 10.7554/eLife.57212
    Database MEDical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System OnLINE

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  5. Article: SpEDIT

    Torres-Garcia, Sito / Di Pompeo, Lorenza / Eivers, Luke / Gaborieau, Baptiste / White, Sharon A / Pidoux, Alison L / Kanigowska, Paulina / Yaseen, Imtiyaz / Cai, Yizhi / Allshire, Robin C

    Wellcome open research

    2020  Volume 5, Page(s) 274

    Abstract: The CRISPR/Cas9 system allows scarless, marker-free genome editing. Current CRISPR/Cas9 systems for the fission ... ...

    Abstract The CRISPR/Cas9 system allows scarless, marker-free genome editing. Current CRISPR/Cas9 systems for the fission yeast
    Language English
    Publishing date 2020-11-24
    Publishing country England
    Document type Journal Article
    ISSN 2398-502X
    ISSN 2398-502X
    DOI 10.12688/wellcomeopenres.16405.1
    Database MEDical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System OnLINE

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  6. Article ; Online: Sequence features and transcriptional stalling within centromere DNA promote establishment of CENP-A chromatin.

    Catania, Sandra / Pidoux, Alison L / Allshire, Robin C

    PLoS genetics

    2015  Volume 11, Issue 3, Page(s) e1004986

    Abstract: Centromere sequences are not conserved between species, and there is compelling evidence for epigenetic regulation of centromere identity, with location being dictated by the presence of chromatin containing the histone H3 variant CENP-A. Paradoxically, ... ...

    Abstract Centromere sequences are not conserved between species, and there is compelling evidence for epigenetic regulation of centromere identity, with location being dictated by the presence of chromatin containing the histone H3 variant CENP-A. Paradoxically, in most organisms CENP-A chromatin generally occurs on particular sequences. To investigate the contribution of primary DNA sequence to establishment of CENP-A chromatin in vivo, we utilised the fission yeast Schizosaccharomyces pombe. CENP-ACnp1 chromatin is normally assembled on ∼10 kb of central domain DNA within these regional centromeres. We demonstrate that overproduction of S. pombe CENP-ACnp1 bypasses the usual requirement for adjacent heterochromatin in establishing CENP-ACnp1 chromatin, and show that central domain DNA is a preferred substrate for de novo establishment of CENP-ACnp1 chromatin. When multimerised, a 2 kb sub-region can establish CENP-ACnp1 chromatin and form functional centromeres. Randomization of the 2 kb sequence to generate a sequence that maintains AT content and predicted nucleosome positioning is unable to establish CENP-ACnp1 chromatin. These analyses indicate that central domain DNA from fission yeast centromeres contains specific information that promotes CENP-ACnp1 incorporation into chromatin. Numerous transcriptional start sites were detected on the forward and reverse strands within the functional 2 kb sub-region and active promoters were identified. RNAPII is enriched on central domain DNA in wild-type cells, but only low levels of transcripts are detected, consistent with RNAPII stalling during transcription of centromeric DNA. Cells lacking factors involved in restarting transcription-TFIIS and Ubp3-assemble CENP-ACnp1 on central domain DNA when CENP-ACnp1 is at wild-type levels, suggesting that persistent stalling of RNAPII on centromere DNA triggers chromatin remodelling events that deposit CENP-ACnp1. Thus, sequence-encoded features of centromeric DNA create an environment of pervasive low quality RNAPII transcription that is an important determinant of CENP-ACnp1 assembly. These observations emphasise roles for both genetic and epigenetic processes in centromere establishment.
    MeSH term(s) Autoantigens/genetics ; Centromere/genetics ; Centromere Protein A ; Chromatin/genetics ; Chromatin Assembly and Disassembly/genetics ; Chromosomal Proteins, Non-Histone/genetics ; DNA/genetics ; Epigenesis, Genetic ; Heterochromatin/genetics ; Histones/genetics ; Kinetochores ; Schizosaccharomyces ; Transcription, Genetic
    Chemical Substances Autoantigens ; Centromere Protein A ; Chromatin ; Chromosomal Proteins, Non-Histone ; Heterochromatin ; Histones ; DNA (9007-49-2)
    Language English
    Publishing date 2015-03-04
    Publishing country United States
    Document type Journal Article ; Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't
    ZDB-ID 2186725-2
    ISSN 1553-7404 ; 1553-7390
    ISSN (online) 1553-7404
    ISSN 1553-7390
    DOI 10.1371/journal.pgen.1004986
    Database MEDical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System OnLINE

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  7. Article ; Online: Hap2-Ino80-facilitated transcription promotes de novo establishment of CENP-A chromatin.

    Singh, Puneet P / Shukla, Manu / White, Sharon A / Lafos, Marcel / Tong, Pin / Auchynnikava, Tatsiana / Spanos, Christos / Rappsilber, Juri / Pidoux, Alison L / Allshire, Robin C

    Genes & development

    2020  Volume 34, Issue 3-4, Page(s) 226–238

    Abstract: Centromeres are maintained epigenetically by the presence of CENP-A, an evolutionarily conserved histone H3 variant, which directs kinetochore assembly and hence centromere function. To identify factors that promote assembly of CENP-A chromatin, we ... ...

    Abstract Centromeres are maintained epigenetically by the presence of CENP-A, an evolutionarily conserved histone H3 variant, which directs kinetochore assembly and hence centromere function. To identify factors that promote assembly of CENP-A chromatin, we affinity-selected solubilized fission yeast CENP-A
    MeSH term(s) Chromatin/genetics ; Chromatin/metabolism ; Chromosomal Proteins, Non-Histone/metabolism ; Chromosomes, Fungal/genetics ; Chromosomes, Fungal/metabolism ; DNA, Fungal/metabolism ; Schizosaccharomyces/genetics ; Schizosaccharomyces/metabolism ; Schizosaccharomyces pombe Proteins/genetics ; Schizosaccharomyces pombe Proteins/metabolism ; Transcription Factors/metabolism ; Transcription, Genetic/physiology
    Chemical Substances Chromatin ; Chromosomal Proteins, Non-Histone ; Cnp1 protein, S pombe ; DNA, Fungal ; Ino80 protein, S pombe ; Schizosaccharomyces pombe Proteins ; Transcription Factors
    Language English
    Publishing date 2020-01-09
    Publishing country United States
    Document type Journal Article ; Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't
    ZDB-ID 806684-x
    ISSN 1549-5477 ; 0890-9369
    ISSN (online) 1549-5477
    ISSN 0890-9369
    DOI 10.1101/gad.332536.119
    Database MEDical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System OnLINE

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  8. Article ; Online: Centromere DNA Destabilizes H3 Nucleosomes to Promote CENP-A Deposition during the Cell Cycle.

    Shukla, Manu / Tong, Pin / White, Sharon A / Singh, Puneet P / Reid, Angus M / Catania, Sandra / Pidoux, Alison L / Allshire, Robin C

    Current biology : CB

    2018  Volume 28, Issue 24, Page(s) 3924–3936.e4

    Abstract: Active centromeres are defined by the presence of nucleosomes containing CENP-A, a histone H3 variant, which alone is sufficient to direct kinetochore assembly. Once assembled at a location, CENP-A chromatin and kinetochores are maintained at that ... ...

    Abstract Active centromeres are defined by the presence of nucleosomes containing CENP-A, a histone H3 variant, which alone is sufficient to direct kinetochore assembly. Once assembled at a location, CENP-A chromatin and kinetochores are maintained at that location through a positive feedback loop where kinetochore proteins recruited by CENP-A promote deposition of new CENP-A following replication. Although CENP-A chromatin itself is a heritable entity, it is normally associated with specific sequences. Intrinsic properties of centromeric DNA may favor the assembly of CENP-A rather than H3 nucleosomes. Here we investigate histone dynamics on centromere DNA. We show that during S phase, histone H3 is deposited as a placeholder at fission yeast centromeres and is subsequently evicted in G2, when we detect deposition of the majority of new CENP-A
    MeSH term(s) Centromere/metabolism ; Chromosomal Proteins, Non-Histone/genetics ; Chromosomal Proteins, Non-Histone/metabolism ; DNA, Fungal/metabolism ; Histones/metabolism ; Mitosis ; Nucleosomes/metabolism ; S Phase ; Schizosaccharomyces/genetics ; Schizosaccharomyces/metabolism ; Schizosaccharomyces pombe Proteins/genetics ; Schizosaccharomyces pombe Proteins/metabolism
    Chemical Substances Chromosomal Proteins, Non-Histone ; Cnp1 protein, S pombe ; DNA, Fungal ; Histones ; Nucleosomes ; Schizosaccharomyces pombe Proteins
    Language English
    Publishing date 2018-11-29
    Publishing country England
    Document type Journal Article ; Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't
    ZDB-ID 1071731-6
    ISSN 1879-0445 ; 0960-9822
    ISSN (online) 1879-0445
    ISSN 0960-9822
    DOI 10.1016/j.cub.2018.10.049
    Database MEDical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System OnLINE

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  9. Article ; Online: Common ancestry of the CENP-A chaperones Scm3 and HJURP.

    Sanchez-Pulido, Luis / Pidoux, Alison L / Ponting, Chris P / Allshire, Robin C

    Cell

    2015  Volume 137, Issue 7, Page(s) 1173–1174

    MeSH term(s) Animals ; Autoantigens/metabolism ; Carrier Proteins/chemistry ; Carrier Proteins/genetics ; Carrier Proteins/metabolism ; Centromere Protein A ; Chromosomal Proteins, Non-Histone/chemistry ; Chromosomal Proteins, Non-Histone/genetics ; Chromosomal Proteins, Non-Histone/metabolism ; DNA-Binding Proteins/chemistry ; DNA-Binding Proteins/genetics ; DNA-Binding Proteins/metabolism ; Humans ; Protein Structure, Tertiary ; Saccharomyces cerevisiae/metabolism ; Saccharomyces cerevisiae Proteins/chemistry ; Saccharomyces cerevisiae Proteins/genetics ; Saccharomyces cerevisiae Proteins/metabolism ; Schizosaccharomyces/metabolism ; Schizosaccharomyces pombe Proteins/chemistry ; Schizosaccharomyces pombe Proteins/genetics ; Schizosaccharomyces pombe Proteins/metabolism
    Chemical Substances Autoantigens ; CENPA protein, human ; Carrier Proteins ; Centromere Protein A ; Chromosomal Proteins, Non-Histone ; DNA-Binding Proteins ; HJURP protein, human ; Saccharomyces cerevisiae Proteins ; Schizosaccharomyces pombe Proteins ; Scm3 protein, S cerevisiae ; Scm3 protein, S pombe
    Language English
    Publishing date 2015-02-09
    Publishing country United States
    Document type Letter ; Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't
    ZDB-ID 187009-9
    ISSN 1097-4172 ; 0092-8674
    ISSN (online) 1097-4172
    ISSN 0092-8674
    DOI 10.1016/j.cell.2009.06.010
    Database MEDical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System OnLINE

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  10. Article ; Online: Large domains of heterochromatin direct the formation of short mitotic chromosome loops

    Maximilian H Fitz-James / Pin Tong / Alison L Pidoux / Hakan Ozadam / Liyan Yang / Sharon A White / Job Dekker / Robin C Allshire

    eLife, Vol

    2020  Volume 9

    Abstract: During mitosis chromosomes reorganise into highly compact, rod-shaped forms, thought to consist of consecutive chromatin loops around a central protein scaffold. Condensin complexes are involved in chromatin compaction, but the contribution of other ... ...

    Abstract During mitosis chromosomes reorganise into highly compact, rod-shaped forms, thought to consist of consecutive chromatin loops around a central protein scaffold. Condensin complexes are involved in chromatin compaction, but the contribution of other chromatin proteins, DNA sequence and histone modifications is less understood. A large region of fission yeast DNA inserted into a mouse chromosome was previously observed to adopt a mitotic organisation distinct from that of surrounding mouse DNA. Here, we show that a similar distinct structure is common to a large subset of insertion events in both mouse and human cells and is coincident with the presence of high levels of heterochromatic H3 lysine nine trimethylation (H3K9me3). Hi-C and microscopy indicate that the heterochromatinised fission yeast DNA is organised into smaller chromatin loops than flanking euchromatic mouse chromatin. We conclude that heterochromatin alters chromatin loop size, thus contributing to the distinct appearance of heterochromatin on mitotic chromosomes.
    Keywords chromosome structure ; heterochromatin ; condensin ; loop extrusion ; Medicine ; R ; Science ; Q ; Biology (General) ; QH301-705.5
    Subject code 571
    Language English
    Publishing date 2020-09-01T00:00:00Z
    Publisher eLife Sciences Publications Ltd
    Document type Article ; Online
    Database BASE - Bielefeld Academic Search Engine (life sciences selection)

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