Article ; Online: The role of host genetics in susceptibility to severe viral infections in humans and insights into host genetics of severe COVID-19: A systematic review.
2020 Volume 289, Page(s) 198163
Abstract: Background: Susceptibility to severe viral infections was reported to be associated with genetic variants in immune response genes using case reports and GWAS studies. SARS-CoV-2 is an emergent viral disease that caused millions of COVID-19 cases all ... ...
| Abstract | Background: Susceptibility to severe viral infections was reported to be associated with genetic variants in immune response genes using case reports and GWAS studies. SARS-CoV-2 is an emergent viral disease that caused millions of COVID-19 cases all over the world. Around 15 % of cases are severe and some of them are accompanied by dysregulated immune system and cytokine storm. There is increasing evidence that severe manifestations of COVID-19 might be attributed to human genetic variants in genes related to immune deficiency and or inflammasome activation (cytokine storm). Objective: Identify the candidate genes that are likely to aid in explaining severe COVID-19 and provide insights to understand the pathogenesis of severe COVID-19. Methods: In this article, we systematically reviewed genes related to viral susceptibility that were reported in human genetic studies (Case-reports and GWAS) to understand the role of host viral interactions and to provide insights into the pathogenesis of severe COVID-19. Results: We found 40 genes associated with viral susceptibility and 21 of them were associated with severe SARS-CoV disease and severe COVID-19. Some of those genes were implicated in TLR pathways, others in C-lectin pathways, and others were related to inflammasome activation (cytokine storm). Conclusion: This compilation represents a list of candidate genes that are likely to aid in explaining severe COVID-19 which are worthy of inclusion in gene panels and during meta-analysis of different variants in host genetics studies of COVID-19. In addition, we provide several hypotheses for severe COVID-19 and possible therapeutic targets. |
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| MeSH term(s) | Adolescent ; Adult ; Age Factors ; Alleles ; Betacoronavirus ; COVID-19 ; Coronavirus Infections/drug therapy ; Coronavirus Infections/genetics ; Genetic Predisposition to Disease ; Genome-Wide Association Study ; Host-Pathogen Interactions/genetics ; Humans ; Inflammasomes/genetics ; Lectins/genetics ; Middle Aged ; Models, Genetic ; Molecular Targeted Therapy ; Mutation ; Pandemics ; Pneumonia, Viral/genetics ; Polymorphism, Single Nucleotide ; SARS-CoV-2 ; Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome/genetics ; Signal Transduction/genetics ; Toll-Like Receptor 3/genetics ; Toll-Like Receptors/genetics ; Virus Diseases/genetics ; Young Adult ; COVID-19 Drug Treatment |
| Chemical Substances | Inflammasomes ; Lectins ; TLR3 protein, human ; Toll-Like Receptor 3 ; Toll-Like Receptors |
| Keywords | covid19 |
| Language | English |
| Publishing date | 2020-09-09 |
| Publishing country | Netherlands |
| Document type | Journal Article ; Systematic Review |
| ZDB-ID | 605780-9 |
| ISSN | 1872-7492 ; 0168-1702 |
| ISSN (online) | 1872-7492 |
| ISSN | 0168-1702 |
| DOI | 10.1016/j.virusres.2020.198163 |
| Database | MEDical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System OnLINE |
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