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Article ; Online: Evidence-Based Medicine: Principles and Values as Illustrated by the Case of Patient Blood Management.

Van Remoortel, Hans / De Buck, Emmy / Seifried, Erhard / Vandekerckhove, Philippe

2023 Volume 43, Issue 1, Page(s) 16–21

Abstract: Evidence-based medicine is considered 1 of the 15 great inventions in medicine. It aims to remove bias in medical decision-making as much as possible through a rigorous process. In this article, the principles of evidence-based medicine are illustrated ... ...

Abstract	Evidence-based medicine is considered 1 of the 15 great inventions in medicine. It aims to remove bias in medical decision-making as much as possible through a rigorous process. In this article, the principles of evidence-based medicine are illustrated using the case of patient blood management (PBM). Acute or chronic bleeding, iron deficiency, and renal and oncological diseases may lead to preoperative anemia. To compensate for severe and life-threatening blood loss during surgery, doctors transfuse red blood cells (RBCs). PBM is an approach to take care of patients at risk for anemia, which includes detecting and treating anemia before surgery. Alternative interventions to treat preoperative anemia are the use of iron supplementation with or without erythro-stimulating agents (ESAs). The best available scientific evidence today indicates that preoperative intravenous (IV) or oral iron monotherapy may not be effective to reduce RBC utilization (low-certainty evidence). Preoperative IV iron supplementation in addition to ESAs is probably effective to reduce RBC utilization (moderate-certainty evidence), whereas oral iron supplementation in addition to ESAs may be effective to reduce RBC utilization (low-certainty evidence). The adverse events of preoperative oral/IV iron and/or ESAs and their impact on patient-important outcomes (morbidity, mortality, quality of life) remain unclear (very low-certainty evidence). Since PBM is a patient-centered approach, emphasis on monitoring and evaluation of patient-important outcomes in future research is urgently needed. Finally, the cost-effectiveness of preoperative oral/IV iron monotherapy is unproven, whereas preoperative oral/IV iron in addition to ESAs is extremely cost-ineffective.
MeSH term(s)	Humans ; Hematinics ; Quality of Life ; Iron ; Anemia ; Blood Transfusion ; Evidence-Based Medicine
Chemical Substances	Hematinics ; Iron (E1UOL152H7)
Language	English
Publishing date	2023-02-20
Publishing country	Germany
Document type	Journal Article
ZDB-ID	801512-0
ISSN	2567-5761 ; 0720-9355
ISSN (online)	2567-5761
ISSN	0720-9355
DOI	10.1055/a-1985-7660
Database	MEDical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System OnLINE

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Article ; Online: Friendly visiting by a volunteer for reducing loneliness or social isolation in older adults: A systematic review.

Laermans, Jorien / Scheers, Hans / Vandekerckhove, Philippe / De Buck, Emmy

Campbell systematic reviews

2023 Volume 19, Issue 4, Page(s) e1359

Abstract: Background: Loneliness and social isolation are currently among the most challenging social issues. Given their detrimental impact on physical and mental health, identifying feasible and sustainable interventions to alleviate them is highly important. ... ...

Abstract	Background: Loneliness and social isolation are currently among the most challenging social issues. Given their detrimental impact on physical and mental health, identifying feasible and sustainable interventions to alleviate them is highly important. Friendly visiting, a befriending intervention whereby older persons are matched with someone who visits them on a regular basis, seems promising. However, it is unclear if face-to-face (F2F) friendly visiting by a volunteer (FVV) is effective at reducing loneliness or social isolation, or both. Objectives: To assess the effect of F2F FVV on feelings of loneliness, social isolation (primary outcomes) and wellbeing (i.e., life satisfaction, depressive symptom experiencing and mental health; secondary outcomes) in older adults. Search methods: We searched six electronic databases up until 11 August 2021. We also consulted 15 other resources, including grey literature sources and websites of organizations devoted to loneliness and ageing, between 25 October and 29 November 2021. Selection criteria: We included experimental and observational studies that quantitatively measured the effect of F2F FVV, compared to no friendly visiting, on at least one of following outcomes in older adults (≥60 years of age): loneliness, social isolation or wellbeing. Data collection and analysis: Two reviewers independently performed study selection, data extraction and synthesis, risk of bias and GRADE assessment. If outcomes were measured multiple times, we extracted data for one short-term (≤1 month after the intervention had ended), one intermediate-term (>1 and ≤6 months), and one long-term time point (>6 months). Data from randomized controlled trials (RCTs) and non-RCTs were presented and synthesized separately. Synthesis was done using vote counting based on the direction of effect. Main results: Nine RCTs and four non-RCTs, conducted primarily in the United States and involving a total of 470 older adults (mean or median ages: 72-83 years), were included. All studies were limited in size (20-88 participants each). Programmes lasted 6-12 weeks and mostly involved weekly visits by undergraduate students to community-dwelling older adults. Visits consisted mainly of casual conversation, but sometimes involved gameplaying and TV-watching. All studies had major shortcomings in design and execution. The current evidence about the effect of F2F FVV on loneliness in older adults is very uncertain, both in the short (one RCT in 88, and one non-RCT in 35 participants) and intermediate term (one RCT in 86 participants) (both very low-certainty evidence). The same goes for the effects on social isolation, again both in the short (one RCT in 88, and two non-RCTs in 46 participants) and intermediate term (two non-RCTs in 99 participants) (both very low-certainty evidence). Similarly, there is a lot of uncertainty about the effect of F2F FVV on outcomes related to wellbeing (all very low-certainty evidence). Authors’ conclusions: Due to the very low-certainty evidence, we are unsure about the effectiveness of F2F FVV with regard to improving loneliness, social isolation, or wellbeing in older adults. Decision-makers considering implementing FVV should take into account this uncertainty. More and larger high-quality studies that are better designed and executed, and preferably conducted in various settings, are needed.
Language	English
Publishing date	2023-11-30
Publishing country	United States
Document type	Journal Article ; Review
ZDB-ID	2762761-5
ISSN	1891-1803 ; 1891-1803
ISSN (online)	1891-1803
ISSN	1891-1803
DOI	10.1002/cl2.1359
Database	MEDical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System OnLINE

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Article ; Online: Friendly visiting by a volunteer for reducing loneliness or social isolation in older adults

Jorien Laermans / Hans Scheers / Philippe Vandekerckhove / Emmy De Buck

Campbell Systematic Reviews, Vol 19, Iss 4, Pp n/a-n/a (2023)

A systematic review

2023

Abstract: Abstract Background Loneliness and social isolation are currently among the most challenging social issues. Given their detrimental impact on physical and mental health, identifying feasible and sustainable interventions to alleviate them is highly ... ...

Abstract	Abstract Background Loneliness and social isolation are currently among the most challenging social issues. Given their detrimental impact on physical and mental health, identifying feasible and sustainable interventions to alleviate them is highly important. Friendly visiting, a befriending intervention whereby older persons are matched with someone who visits them on a regular basis, seems promising. However, it is unclear if face‐to‐face (F2F) friendly visiting by a volunteer (FVV) is effective at reducing loneliness or social isolation, or both. Objectives To assess the effect of F2F FVV on feelings of loneliness, social isolation (primary outcomes) and wellbeing (i.e., life satisfaction, depressive symptom experiencing and mental health; secondary outcomes) in older adults. Search Methods We searched six electronic databases up until 11 August 2021. We also consulted 15 other resources, including grey literature sources and websites of organizations devoted to loneliness and ageing, between 25 October and 29 November 2021. Selection Criteria We included experimental and observational studies that quantitatively measured the effect of F2F FVV, compared to no friendly visiting, on at least one of following outcomes in older adults (≥60 years of age): loneliness, social isolation or wellbeing. Data Collection and Analysis Two reviewers independently performed study selection, data extraction and synthesis, risk of bias and GRADE assessment. If outcomes were measured multiple times, we extracted data for one short‐term (≤1 month after the intervention had ended), one intermediate‐term (>1 and ≤6 months), and one long‐term time point (>6 months). Data from randomized controlled trials (RCTs) and non‐RCTs were presented and synthesized separately. Synthesis was done using vote counting based on the direction of effect. Main Results Nine RCTs and four non‐RCTs, conducted primarily in the United States and involving a total of 470 older adults (mean or median ages: 72–83 years), were included. All studies ...
Keywords	Social Sciences ; H
Subject code	300
Language	English
Publishing date	2023-12-01T00:00:00Z
Publisher	Wiley
Document type	Article ; Online
Database	BASE - Bielefeld Academic Search Engine (life sciences selection)

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Article ; Online: Author's Reply.

Van Remoortel, Hans / De Buck, Emmy

Vox sanguinis

2019 Volume 114, Issue 6, Page(s) 633–634

MeSH term(s)	Blood Donors ; Blood Transfusion ; Humans ; Infections
Language	English
Publishing date	2019-06-17
Publishing country	England
Document type	Letter ; Comment
ZDB-ID	80313-3
ISSN	1423-0410 ; 0042-9007
ISSN (online)	1423-0410
ISSN	0042-9007
DOI	10.1111/vox.12798
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Article ; Online: Men who have sex with men and risk for transfusion-transmissible infections in blood donors in Western countries: A systematic review update.

Schroyens, Natalie / Borra, Vere / Compernolle, Veerle / Vandekerckhove, Philippe / De Buck, Emmy

Vox sanguinis

2023 Volume 118, Issue 9, Page(s) 709–720

Abstract: Background and objectives: This systematic review update summarizes evidence concerning transfusion-transmissible infections (TTIs) in male blood donors reporting sex with another man (MSM) or after easing the MSM deferral period.: Materials and ... ...

Abstract	Background and objectives: This systematic review update summarizes evidence concerning transfusion-transmissible infections (TTIs) in male blood donors reporting sex with another man (MSM) or after easing the MSM deferral period. Materials and methods: We searched five databases, including studies comparing MSM versus non-MSM donors (Type I), MSM deferral periods (Type II) or infected versus non-infected donors (Type III) in Western countries, and used GRADE to determine evidence certainty. Results: Twenty-five observational studies were included. Four Type I studies suggest that there may be an increased risk for overall TTIs, human immunodeficiency virus (HIV), hepatitis B virus (HBV) and syphilis in MSM donors, but the evidence is very uncertain. There was insufficient evidence of MSM with low-risk sexual behaviour. A Type II study indicates that easing the MSM deferral period to 1 year may have little to no effect on TTI risk. TTI prevalence in blood donors under 5-year, 1-year, 3-month or risk-based deferral in eight other Type II studies was too low to provide clear conclusions on the effect of easing the deferral. Three Type III studies reported that MSM may be a risk factor for HIV. Increased risk of HBV, hepatitis C virus and HTLV-I/II could not be shown. The evidence from Type III studies is very uncertain. Conclusion: There may be an increased risk of HIV in MSM blood donors. Shortening the deferral from permanent to 1 year may have little to no effect on TTI risk. However, there is limited, unclear evidence from observational studies concerning the impact of introducing 3-month or risk-based deferrals.
MeSH term(s)	Humans ; Male ; Homosexuality, Male ; HIV Infections ; Blood Donors ; Sexual and Gender Minorities ; Risk Factors ; Sexual Behavior ; Hepatitis B virus
Language	English
Publishing date	2023-06-15
Publishing country	England
Document type	Systematic Review ; Journal Article ; Review
ZDB-ID	80313-3
ISSN	1423-0410 ; 0042-9007
ISSN (online)	1423-0410
ISSN	0042-9007
DOI	10.1111/vox.13482
Database	MEDical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System OnLINE

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Article ; Online: Translation and validation of PubMed and Embase search filters for identification of systematic reviews, intervention studies, and observational studies in the field of first aid.

Avau, Bert / Van Remoortel, Hans / De Buck, Emmy

Journal of the Medical Library Association : JMLA

2021 Volume 109, Issue 4, Page(s) 599–608

Abstract: Objective: The aim of this project was to validate search filters for systematic reviews, intervention studies, and observational studies translated from Ovid MEDLINE and Embase syntax and used for searches in PubMed and Embase.com during the ... ...

Abstract	Objective: The aim of this project was to validate search filters for systematic reviews, intervention studies, and observational studies translated from Ovid MEDLINE and Embase syntax and used for searches in PubMed and Embase.com during the development of evidence summaries supporting first aid guidelines. We aimed to achieve a balance among recall, specificity, precision, and number needed to read (NNR). Methods: Reference gold standards were constructed per study type derived from existing evidence summaries. Search filter performance was assessed through retrospective searches and measurement of relative recall, specificity, precision, and NNR when using the translated search filters. Where necessary, search filters were optimized. Adapted filters were validated in separate validation gold standards. Results: Search filters for systematic reviews and observational studies reached recall of ≥85% in both PubMed and Embase. Corresponding specificities for systematic review filters were ≥96% in both databases, with a precision of 9.7% (NNR 10) in PubMed and 5.4% (NNR 19) in Embase. For observational study filters, specificity, precision, and NNR were 68%, 2%, and 51 in PubMed and 47%, 0.8%, and 123 in Embase, respectively. These filters were considered sufficiently effective. Search filters for intervention studies reached a recall of 85% and 83% in PubMed and Embase, respectively. Optimization led to recall of ≥95% with specificity, precision, and NNR of 49%, 1.3%, and 79 in PubMed and 56%, 0.74%, and 136 in Embase, respectively. Conclusions: We report validated filters to search for systematic reviews, observational studies, and intervention studies in guideline projects in PubMed and Embase.com.
MeSH term(s)	Databases, Bibliographic ; First Aid ; MEDLINE ; PubMed ; Retrospective Studies ; Systematic Reviews as Topic
Language	English
Publishing date	2021-11-25
Publishing country	United States
Document type	Journal Article ; Observational Study
ZDB-ID	2072435-4
ISSN	1558-9439 ; 1536-5050
ISSN (online)	1558-9439
ISSN	1536-5050
DOI	10.5195/jmla.2021.1219
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Article ; Online: BET 1: Does the use of emollients prevent frostbite to the face?

De Buck, Emmy

Emergency medicine journal : EMJ

2017 Volume 34, Issue 11, Page(s) 763–764

Abstract: A short cut review was carried out to establish whether routine use of emollients on the face reduced the incidence of frostbite in cold environments. 126 papers were found using the reported searches, of which three presented the best evidence to answer ...

Abstract	A short cut review was carried out to establish whether routine use of emollients on the face reduced the incidence of frostbite in cold environments. 126 papers were found using the reported searches, of which three presented the best evidence to answer the clinical question. The author, date and country of publication, patient group studied, study type, relevant outcomes, results and study weaknesses of these papers are tabulated. It is concluded that the use of emollients on the face is not a good protection against frostbite and may even result in a higher risk.
MeSH term(s)	Emollients/pharmacology ; Emollients/therapeutic use ; Face ; Frostbite/drug therapy ; Frostbite/prevention & control ; Humans ; Incidence ; Male ; Young Adult
Chemical Substances	Emollients
Language	English
Publishing date	2017-11
Publishing country	England
Document type	Journal Article
ZDB-ID	2040124-3
ISSN	1472-0213 ; 1472-0205
ISSN (online)	1472-0213
ISSN	1472-0205
DOI	10.1136/emermed-2017-207232.1
Database	MEDical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System OnLINE

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Article ; Online: Authors' Response to "Preoperative Intravenous Iron for Iron Deficiency is Cost-Effective Prior to Major Elective Surgery".

Avau, Bert / Van Remoortel, Hans / De Buck, Emmy / Compernolle, Veerle / Vandekerckhove, Philippe

PharmacoEconomics

2021 Volume 40, Issue 1, Page(s) 137–138

Language	English
Publishing date	2021-09-15
Publishing country	New Zealand
Document type	Letter ; Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't
ZDB-ID	1100273-6
ISSN	1179-2027 ; 1170-7690
ISSN (online)	1179-2027
ISSN	1170-7690
DOI	10.1007/s40273-021-01084-9
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Article ; Online: PROTOCOL: Recreational book reading for promoting cognitive functioning and emotional well-being in older adults: A systematic review.

Laermans, Jorien / Scheers, Hans / Vandekerckhove, Philippe / De Buck, Emmy

Campbell systematic reviews

2020 Volume 16, Issue 4, Page(s) e1117

Language	English
Publishing date	2020-10-06
Publishing country	United States
Document type	Journal Article
ZDB-ID	2762761-5
ISSN	1891-1803 ; 1891-1803
ISSN (online)	1891-1803
ISSN	1891-1803
DOI	10.1002/cl2.1117
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Article ; Online: Lyme disease in Western Europe: an emerging problem? A systematic review.

Vandekerckhove, Olivia / De Buck, Emmy / Van Wijngaerden, Eric

Acta clinica Belgica

2019 Volume 76, Issue 3, Page(s) 244–252

Abstract: ... ...

Abstract	Objectives
MeSH term(s)	Europe/epidemiology ; Humans ; Incidence ; Italy ; Lyme Disease/epidemiology
Language	English
Publishing date	2019-11-18
Publishing country	England
Document type	Journal Article ; Systematic Review
ZDB-ID	390201-8
ISSN	2295-3337 ; 0001-5512 ; 1784-3286
ISSN (online)	2295-3337
ISSN	0001-5512 ; 1784-3286
DOI	10.1080/17843286.2019.1694293
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