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  1. Article ; Online: Factors Associated With Physical Restraint in an Urban Emergency Department.

    Robinson, Aaron E / Driver, Brian E / Cole, Jon B / Miner, James R / Dreyfuss, Andrea P / Strom, Aida W / Brodt, Erik R / Wyatt, Thomas E

    Annals of emergency medicine

    2023  Volume 83, Issue 2, Page(s) 91–99

    Abstract: Study objective: To determine what patient characteristics were associated with the application of physical restraints in our emergency department (ED).: Methods: This was a retrospective analysis of encounters in the ED of an urban, Level I academic ...

    Abstract Study objective: To determine what patient characteristics were associated with the application of physical restraints in our emergency department (ED).
    Methods: This was a retrospective analysis of encounters in the ED of an urban, Level I academic trauma center. We included ED encounters of adult patients (aged ≥18 years) during a 5-year period starting in 2017. We evaluated the independent association of restraint application during an encounter using a generalized estimating equation model.
    Results: There were 464,031 ED encounters during the time period from 162,244 unique patients, including 34,798 (7.5%) with restraint application, comprising 18,166 unique patients. Several variables were associated with an increased likelihood of restraint use during an encounter. The variable with the highest odds ratio was intoxication with drugs or alcohol (adjusted odds ratio [aOR] 8.29; 95% confidence interval (CI) 7.94 to 8.65). American Indian race was associated with increased odds of restraint application (aOR 1.42; 95% CI 1.31 to 1.54) compared to the reference value of White race. Black race (aOR 0.58; 95% CI 0.55 to 0.61) and Hispanic ethnicity (aOR 0.42; 95% CI 0.37 to 0.48) were associated with lower odds of restraint application.
    Conclusions: Drug and alcohol intoxication were most closely associated with restraint. Encounters in which the patient was American Indian had higher odds of restraint, but this study does not replicate prior findings regarding other racial disparities in restraint.
    MeSH term(s) Adult ; Humans ; Emergency Service, Hospital ; Ethnicity ; Restraint, Physical ; Retrospective Studies ; American Indian or Alaska Native ; Racial Groups
    Language English
    Publishing date 2023-09-19
    Publishing country United States
    Document type Journal Article
    ZDB-ID 603080-4
    ISSN 1097-6760 ; 0196-0644
    ISSN (online) 1097-6760
    ISSN 0196-0644
    DOI 10.1016/j.annemergmed.2023.08.009
    Database MEDical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System OnLINE

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  2. Article ; Online: Recall of Awareness During Paralysis Among ED Patients Undergoing Tracheal Intubation.

    Driver, Brian E / Prekker, Matthew E / Wagner, Emily / Cole, Jon B / Puskarich, Michael A / Stang, Jamie / DeVries, Paige / Maruggi, Ellen / Miner, James R

    Chest

    2022  Volume 163, Issue 2, Page(s) 313–323

    Abstract: Background: Critically ill patients sometimes remember periods of neuromuscular blockade.: Research question: What is the prevalence of recalled awareness during paralysis in patients who underwent emergency tracheal intubation and mechanical ... ...

    Abstract Background: Critically ill patients sometimes remember periods of neuromuscular blockade.
    Research question: What is the prevalence of recalled awareness during paralysis in patients who underwent emergency tracheal intubation and mechanical ventilation, and what clinical variables are associated with this outcome?
    Study design and methods: This study analyzed data from a prospectively collected continuous quality improvement database of emergency tracheal intubation in an urban, county hospital. Patients who received a neuromuscular blocking agent to facilitate emergency tracheal intubation in the ED were included. The database contained details of intubation management, including medications received and patient mental status prior to intubation. Patient recall of awareness of paralysis was assessed by trained staff during an in-person interview following extubation using a modified Brice questionnaire. For this analysis, three expert reviewers used these data to adjudicate whether patients may have had awareness of paralysis, the primary outcome. A logistic regression model was constructed to determine whether clinical variables were associated with the primary outcome.
    Results: A total of 886 patients were analyzed. There were 66 patients (7.4%; 95% CI, 5.8-9.4) determined to possibly (61 patients) or definitely (5 patients) have experienced and recalled awareness of paralysis. A logistic regression model revealed that a decreased level of consciousness prior to intubation was associated with lower odds of awareness (adjusted OR, 0.39; 95% CI, 0.22-0.69), whereas the class of neuromuscular blocking agent used, sedative used, preintubation shock index, and postintubation sedation were not significantly associated with recall of this outcome.
    Interpretation: Among patients intubated emergently using a neuromuscular blocking agent, 7.4% of patients recalled awareness without being able to move, which was more likely when patients had a normal level of consciousness prior to intubation.
    MeSH term(s) Humans ; Paralysis/epidemiology ; Paralysis/etiology ; Neuromuscular Blockade ; Intubation, Intratracheal/adverse effects ; Neuromuscular Blocking Agents ; Hypnotics and Sedatives ; Emergency Service, Hospital
    Chemical Substances Neuromuscular Blocking Agents ; Hypnotics and Sedatives
    Language English
    Publishing date 2022-09-08
    Publishing country United States
    Document type Journal Article ; Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't
    ZDB-ID 1032552-9
    ISSN 1931-3543 ; 0012-3692
    ISSN (online) 1931-3543
    ISSN 0012-3692
    DOI 10.1016/j.chest.2022.08.2232
    Database MEDical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System OnLINE

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  3. Article ; Online: Comparison of efficacy and frequency of akathisia and dystonia between olanzapine, metoclopramide and prochlorperazine in ED headache patients.

    Chinn, Elliott / Brunette, Nicholas D / Driver, Brian E / Klein, Lauren R / Stang, Jamie L / DeVries, Paige / Mojica, Erika / Raiter, Abagail / Miner, James R / Cole, Jon B

    The American journal of emergency medicine

    2022  Volume 65, Page(s) 109–112

    Abstract: Study objective: To compare the efficacy and frequency of akathisia and dystonia between the dopamine antagonist headache medications olanzapine, metoclopramide and prochlorperazine.: Methods: This was a retrospective observational cohort study of ... ...

    Abstract Study objective: To compare the efficacy and frequency of akathisia and dystonia between the dopamine antagonist headache medications olanzapine, metoclopramide and prochlorperazine.
    Methods: This was a retrospective observational cohort study of patients presenting to a large urban level one trauma center between 2010 and 2018. Inclusion criteria was age ≥ 18 who presented to the emergency department with a chief complaint of headache who received either olanzapine, metoclopramide or prochlorperazine. The primary outcome was need for rescue medication. Secondary outcomes were receiving medication for either akathisia or dystonia. Logistic regression was used to identify differences between the three cohorts up to 72 h from initial presentation.
    Results: There were 5643 patients who met inclusion criteria. Olanzapine was the most commonly used drug (n = 2994, 53%) followed by prochlorperazine (n = 2100, 37%) and metoclopramide (n = 549, 10%). After adjusting for age and gender, there were no differences in risk for receiving rescue therapy or developing akathisia or dystonia.
    Conclusion: During initial ED visit and up to 72 h after receiving olanzapine, metoclopramide or prochlorperazine, we found no difference in risk for requiring rescue medication or developing akathisia or dystonia.
    MeSH term(s) Humans ; Prochlorperazine/therapeutic use ; Metoclopramide/therapeutic use ; Olanzapine/therapeutic use ; Dystonia/drug therapy ; Cohort Studies ; Psychomotor Agitation/drug therapy ; Migraine Disorders/drug therapy ; Headache/drug therapy ; Emergency Service, Hospital ; Double-Blind Method
    Chemical Substances Prochlorperazine (YHP6YLT61T) ; Metoclopramide (L4YEB44I46) ; Olanzapine (N7U69T4SZR)
    Language English
    Publishing date 2022-12-23
    Publishing country United States
    Document type Observational Study ; Journal Article
    ZDB-ID 605890-5
    ISSN 1532-8171 ; 0735-6757
    ISSN (online) 1532-8171
    ISSN 0735-6757
    DOI 10.1016/j.ajem.2022.12.039
    Database MEDical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System OnLINE

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  4. Article ; Online: Feasibility and Successful Enrollment in a Proof-of-Concept HIV Prevention Trial of VRC01, a Broadly Neutralizing HIV-1 Monoclonal Antibody.

    Edupuganti, Srilatha / Mgodi, Nyaradzo / Karuna, Shelly T / Andrew, Philip / Rudnicki, Erika / Kochar, Nidhi / deCamp, Allan / De La Grecca, Robert / Anderson, Maija / Karg, Carissa / Tindale, India / Greene, Elizabeth / Broder, Gail B / Lucas, Jonathan / Hural, John / Gallardo-Cartagena, Jorge A / Gonzales, Pedro / Frank, Ian / Sobieszczyk, Magdalena /
    Gomez Lorenzo, Margarita M / Burns, David / Anderson, Peter L / Miner, Maurine D / Ledgerwood, Julie / Mascola, John R / Gilbert, Peter B / Cohen, Myron S / Corey, Lawrence

    Journal of acquired immune deficiency syndromes (1999)

    2021  Volume 87, Issue 1, Page(s) 671–679

    Abstract: Background: The Antibody-Mediated Prevention trials (HVTN 704/HPTN 085 and HVTN 703/HPTN 081) are the first efficacy trials to evaluate whether VRC01, a broadly neutralizing monoclonal antibody targeting the CD4-binding site of the HIV envelope protein, ...

    Abstract Background: The Antibody-Mediated Prevention trials (HVTN 704/HPTN 085 and HVTN 703/HPTN 081) are the first efficacy trials to evaluate whether VRC01, a broadly neutralizing monoclonal antibody targeting the CD4-binding site of the HIV envelope protein, prevents sexual transmission of HIV-1. HVTN 704/HPTN 085 enrolled 2701 cisgender men and transgender (TG) individuals who have sex with men at 26 sites in Brazil, Peru, Switzerland, and the United States.
    Methods: Participants were recruited and retained through early, extensive community engagement. Eligible participants were randomized 1:1:1 to 10 mg/kg or 30 mg/kg of VRC01 or saline placebo. Visits occurred monthly, with intravenous (IV) infusions every 8 weeks over 2 years, for a total of 10 infusions. Participants were followed for 104 weeks after first infusion.
    Results: The median HVTN 704/HPTN 085 participant age was 28 years; 99% were assigned male sex; 90% identified as cisgender men, 5% as TG women and the remaining as other genders. Thirty-two percent were White, 15% Black, and 57% Hispanic/Latinx. Twenty-eight percent had a sexually transmitted infection at enrollment. More than 23,000 infusions were administered with no serious IV administration complications. Overall, retention and adherence to the study schedule exceeded 90%, and the dropout rate was below 10% annually (7.3 per 100 person-years) through week 80, the last visit for the primary end point.
    Conclusions: HVTN 704/HPTN 085 exceeded accrual and retention expectations. With exceptional safety of IV administration and operational feasibility, it paves the way for future large-scale monoclonal antibody trials for HIV prevention and/or treatment.
    MeSH term(s) Adolescent ; Adult ; Antibodies, Monoclonal/therapeutic use ; Antibodies, Neutralizing/immunology ; Brazil ; Broadly Neutralizing Antibodies/therapeutic use ; Feasibility Studies ; Female ; HIV Antibodies/therapeutic use ; HIV Infections/prevention & control ; HIV-1/immunology ; Humans ; Male ; Middle Aged ; Peru ; Switzerland ; Transgender Persons ; United States ; Young Adult
    Chemical Substances Antibodies, Monoclonal ; Antibodies, Neutralizing ; Broadly Neutralizing Antibodies ; HIV Antibodies ; VRC01 monoclonal antibody
    Language English
    Publishing date 2021-02-04
    Publishing country United States
    Document type Journal Article ; Randomized Controlled Trial ; Research Support, N.I.H., Extramural
    ZDB-ID 645053-2
    ISSN 1944-7884 ; 1077-9450 ; 0897-5965 ; 0894-9255 ; 1525-4135
    ISSN (online) 1944-7884 ; 1077-9450
    ISSN 0897-5965 ; 0894-9255 ; 1525-4135
    DOI 10.1097/QAI.0000000000002639
    Database MEDical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System OnLINE

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  5. Article ; Online: Intravenous esomeprazole 40 mg vs. intravenous lansoprazole 30 mg for controlling intragastric acidity in healthy adults.

    Pisegna, J R / Sostek, M B / Monyak, J T / Miner, P B

    Alimentary pharmacology & therapeutics

    2007  Volume 27, Issue 6, Page(s) 483–490

    Abstract: ... 9% vs. 45.4%; both P < 0.0001). During the first 4 h of pH monitoring, intragastric pH was >4.0 ... significantly longer on days 1 and 5 with esomeprazole than lansoprazole (P < 0.0001). Kaplan-Meier estimates ... of median hours to stable pH >4.0 were 4.92 for esomeprazole and 5.75 for lansoprazole (P = 0.0014 for test ...

    Abstract Background: Intravenous (IV) formulations of proton pump inhibitors are effective for patients in whom oral therapy is not appropriate.
    Aim: To compare IV esomeprazole and IV lansoprazole for the control of intragastric pH.
    Methods: In this open-label crossover study, healthy, Helicobacter pylori-negative adults were randomized to one of two treatment sequences, each consisting of two 5-day dosing periods of IV esomeprazole 40 mg or IV lansoprazole 30 mg. Twenty-four-hour intragastric pH monitoring was conducted on days 1 and 5 of each dosing period.
    Results: On days 1 and 5, intragastric pH was >4.0 significantly longer with esomeprazole than lansoprazole (least-squares means: day 1, 40.0% vs. 33.6%; day 5, 61.9% vs. 45.4%; both P < 0.0001). During the first 4 h of pH monitoring, intragastric pH was >4.0 significantly longer on days 1 and 5 with esomeprazole than lansoprazole (P < 0.0001). Kaplan-Meier estimates of median hours to stable pH >4.0 were 4.92 for esomeprazole and 5.75 for lansoprazole (P = 0.0014 for test on Gehan scores).
    Conclusion: In healthy adults, IV esomeprazole 40 mg controlled intragastric acidity faster and more effectively than IV lansoprazole 30 mg.
    MeSH term(s) 2-Pyridinylmethylsulfinylbenzimidazoles/administration & dosage ; Adolescent ; Adult ; Aged ; Anti-Ulcer Agents/administration & dosage ; Esomeprazole/administration & dosage ; Female ; Gastric Acid/metabolism ; Gastric Acidity Determination ; Humans ; Hydrogen-Ion Concentration ; Injections, Intravenous ; Lansoprazole ; Male ; Middle Aged
    Chemical Substances 2-Pyridinylmethylsulfinylbenzimidazoles ; Anti-Ulcer Agents ; Lansoprazole (0K5C5T2QPG) ; Esomeprazole (N3PA6559FT)
    Language English
    Publishing date 2007-12-19
    Publishing country England
    Document type Journal Article ; Randomized Controlled Trial ; Research Support, N.I.H., Extramural ; Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't
    ZDB-ID 639012-2
    ISSN 1365-2036 ; 0269-2813 ; 0953-0673
    ISSN (online) 1365-2036
    ISSN 0269-2813 ; 0953-0673
    DOI 10.1111/j.1365-2036.2007.03592.x
    Database MEDical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System OnLINE

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  6. Article ; Online: Unscheduled Procedural Sedation: A Multidisciplinary Consensus Practice Guideline.

    Green, Steven M / Roback, Mark G / Krauss, Baruch S / Miner, James R / Schneider, Sandra / Kivela, Paul D / Nelson, Lewis S / Chumpitazi, Corrie E / Fisher, John D / Gesek, Dan / Jackson, Benjamin / Kamat, Pradip / Kowalenko, Terry / Lewis, Brandon / Papo, Michele / Phillips, Don / Ruff, Sonny / Runde, Daniel / Tobin, Thomas /
    Vafaie, Nathan / Vargo, John / Walser, Eric / Yealy, Donald M / O'Connor, Robert E

    Annals of emergency medicine

    2019  Volume 73, Issue 5, Page(s) e51–e65

    Abstract: The American College of Emergency Physicians (ACEP) organized a multidisciplinary effort to create a clinical practice guideline specific to unscheduled, time-sensitive procedural sedation, which differs in important ways from scheduled, elective ... ...

    Abstract The American College of Emergency Physicians (ACEP) organized a multidisciplinary effort to create a clinical practice guideline specific to unscheduled, time-sensitive procedural sedation, which differs in important ways from scheduled, elective procedural sedation. The purpose of this guideline is to serve as a resource for practitioners who perform unscheduled procedural sedation regardless of location or patient age. This document outlines the underlying background and rationale, and issues relating to staffing, practice, and quality improvement.
    MeSH term(s) Conscious Sedation/standards ; Consensus ; Humans ; Practice Guidelines as Topic ; Societies, Medical
    Language English
    Publishing date 2019-01-23
    Publishing country United States
    Document type Consensus Development Conference ; Editorial
    ZDB-ID 603080-4
    ISSN 1097-6760 ; 0196-0644
    ISSN (online) 1097-6760
    ISSN 0196-0644
    DOI 10.1016/j.annemergmed.2019.02.022
    Database MEDical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System OnLINE

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  7. Article ; Online: Elevated steady-state bladder preload activates myosin phosphorylation: detrusor smooth muscle is a preload tension sensor.

    Southern, Jordan B / Frazier, Jasmine R / Miner, Amy S / Speich, John E / Klausner, Adam P / Ratz, Paul H

    American journal of physiology. Renal physiology

    2012  Volume 303, Issue 11, Page(s) F1517–26

    Abstract: In rabbit bladder wall (detrusor) muscle, the degree of tone induced during physiological filling (filling tone) is the sum of adjustable preload tension and autonomous contractile tension. The present study was designed to determine whether the level of ...

    Abstract In rabbit bladder wall (detrusor) muscle, the degree of tone induced during physiological filling (filling tone) is the sum of adjustable preload tension and autonomous contractile tension. The present study was designed to determine whether the level of filling tone is dependent on detrusor muscle length. Maximum active tension induced by KCl was parabolic in relation to length [tension increased from 70% to 100% of a reference length (L(ref)) and decreased at longer muscle lengths]. Filling tone, however, increased in a linear fashion from 70% to 120% L(ref). In the presence of ibuprofen to abolish autonomous contraction and retain adjustable preload tension, tension was reduced in strength but remained linearly dependent on length from 70% to 120% L(ref). In the absence of autonomous contraction, stretching detrusor muscle from 80% to 120% L(ref) still caused an increase in tone during PGE(2)-induced rhythmic contraction, suggesting that muscle stretch caused increases in detrusor muscle contractile sensitivity rather than in prostaglandin release. In the absence of autonomous contraction, the degree of adjustable preload tension and myosin phosphorylation increased when detrusor was stretched from 80% to 120% L(ref), but also displayed length-hysteresis, indicating that detrusor muscle senses preload rather than muscle length. Together, these data support the hypothesis that detrusor muscle acts as a preload tension sensor. Because detrusor muscle is in-series with neuronal mechanosensors responsible for urinary urgency, a more thorough understanding of detrusor muscle filling tone may reveal unique targets for therapeutic intervention of contractile disorders such as overactive bladder.
    MeSH term(s) Animals ; Dinoprostone/pharmacology ; Female ; In Vitro Techniques ; Male ; Models, Animal ; Muscle Contraction/drug effects ; Muscle Contraction/physiology ; Muscle Tonus/drug effects ; Muscle Tonus/physiology ; Muscle, Smooth/anatomy & histology ; Muscle, Smooth/physiology ; Myosin Light Chains/metabolism ; Phosphorylation ; Potassium Chloride/pharmacology ; Rabbits ; Urinary Bladder/physiology
    Chemical Substances Myosin Light Chains ; Potassium Chloride (660YQ98I10) ; Dinoprostone (K7Q1JQR04M)
    Language English
    Publishing date 2012-12-01
    Publishing country United States
    Document type Journal Article
    ZDB-ID 603837-2
    ISSN 1522-1466 ; 0363-6127
    ISSN (online) 1522-1466
    ISSN 0363-6127
    DOI 10.1152/ajprenal.00278.2012
    Database MEDical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System OnLINE

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  8. Article: Evaluating ecological states of rocky intertidal communities: A Best Professional Judgment exercise

    Murray, S. N. / Weisberg, S. B. / Raimondi, P. T. / Ambrose, R. F. / Bell, C. A. / Blanchette, C. A. / Bumaford, J. L. / Dethier, M. N. / Engle, J. M. / Foster, M. S. / Miner, C. M. / Nielsen, K. J. / Pearse, J. S. / Richards, D. V. / Smith, J. R.

    Ecological indicators

    2016  Volume 60, Issue -, Page(s) 802

    Language English
    Document type Article
    ZDB-ID 2036774-0
    ISSN 1470-160x
    Database Current Contents Nutrition, Environment, Agriculture

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  9. Article ; Online: Gender differences in acute and chronic pain in the emergency department: results of the 2014 Academic Emergency Medicine consensus conference pain section.

    Musey, Paul I / Linnstaedt, Sarah D / Platts-Mills, Timothy F / Miner, James R / Bortsov, Andrey V / Safdar, Basmah / Bijur, Polly / Rosenau, Alex / Tsze, Daniel S / Chang, Andrew K / Dorai, Suprina / Engel, Kirsten G / Feldman, James A / Fusaro, Angela M / Lee, David C / Rosenberg, Mark / Keefe, Francis J / Peak, David A / Nam, Catherine S /
    Patel, Roma G / Fillingim, Roger B / McLean, Samuel A

    Academic emergency medicine : official journal of the Society for Academic Emergency Medicine

    2014  Volume 21, Issue 12, Page(s) 1421–1430

    Abstract: Pain is a leading public health problem in the United States, with an annual economic burden of more than $630 billion, and is one of the most common reasons that individuals seek emergency department (ED) care. There is a paucity of data regarding sex ... ...

    Abstract Pain is a leading public health problem in the United States, with an annual economic burden of more than $630 billion, and is one of the most common reasons that individuals seek emergency department (ED) care. There is a paucity of data regarding sex differences in the assessment and treatment of acute and chronic pain conditions in the ED. The Academic Emergency Medicine consensus conference convened in Dallas, Texas, in May 2014 to develop a research agenda to address this issue among others related to sex differences in the ED. Prior to the conference, experts and stakeholders from emergency medicine and the pain research field reviewed the current literature and identified eight candidate priority areas. At the conference, these eight areas were reviewed and all eight were ratified using a nominal group technique to build consensus. These priority areas were: 1) gender differences in the pharmacological and nonpharmacological interventions for pain, including differences in opioid tolerance, side effects, or misuse; 2) gender differences in pain severity perceptions, clinically meaningful differences in acute pain, and pain treatment preferences; 3) gender differences in pain outcomes of ED patients across the life span; 4) gender differences in the relationship between acute pain and acute psychological responses; 5) the influence of physician-patient gender differences and characteristics on the assessment and treatment of pain; 6) gender differences in the influence of acute stress and chronic stress on acute pain responses; 7) gender differences in biological mechanisms and molecular pathways mediating acute pain in ED populations; and 8) gender differences in biological mechanisms and molecular pathways mediating chronic pain development after trauma, stress, or acute illness exposure. These areas represent priority areas for future scientific inquiry, and gaining understanding in these will be essential to improving our understanding of sex and gender differences in the assessment and treatment of pain conditions in emergency care settings.
    MeSH term(s) Acute Disease ; Chronic Disease ; Consensus ; Emergency Medicine ; Emergency Service, Hospital/organization & administration ; Female ; Gender Identity ; Humans ; Male ; Pain/epidemiology ; Pain/psychology ; Pain Management/methods ; Pain Measurement/methods ; Physician-Patient Relations ; Public Health ; Sex Characteristics ; Sex Factors ; Stress, Psychological/epidemiology ; Stress, Psychological/psychology ; Texas ; United States
    Language English
    Publishing date 2014-12
    Publishing country United States
    Document type Journal Article ; Research Support, N.I.H., Extramural ; Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't
    ZDB-ID 1329813-6
    ISSN 1553-2712 ; 1069-6563
    ISSN (online) 1553-2712
    ISSN 1069-6563
    DOI 10.1111/acem.12529
    Database MEDical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System OnLINE

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  10. Article: Evaluating ecological states of rocky intertidal communities: A Best Professional Judgment exercise

    Murray, S.N / C.A. Bell / C.A. Blanchette / C.M. Miner / D.V. Richards / J.L. Burnaford / J.M. Engle / J.R. Smith / J.S. Pearse / K.J. Nielsen / M.N. Dethier / M.S. Foster / P.T. Raimondi / R.F. Ambrose / S.B. Weisberg

    Ecological indicators. 2016 Jan., v. 60

    2016  

    Abstract: A Best Professional Judgment (BPJ) exercise was performed to determine the level of agreement among experts in evaluating the ecological states of western North American rocky intertidal communities. Species-abundance and environmental data from 12 ... ...

    Abstract A Best Professional Judgment (BPJ) exercise was performed to determine the level of agreement among experts in evaluating the ecological states of western North American rocky intertidal communities. Species-abundance and environmental data from 12 central and 11 southern California sites were provided to 14 experts who independently ranked communities from best to worst and assigned each to one of five categories based on the degree of deviation from an expected natural biological state. Experts achieved Spearman correlations of 0.49 (central California) and 0.30 (southern California) in their rankings and averaged 75.4% and 70.0% Euclidean Similarity (ES) in their community evaluations. These ES values compare favorably with agreement levels found for similar exercises with soft bottom macroinvertebrate assemblages. The experts emphasized macrophytes with functional characteristics related to morphology and sessile macroinvertebrates in their assessments. Several challenges were noted in interpreting rocky intertidal data sets, the most prominent of which are high spatial and temporal variation and site-to-site differences in natural disturbance regimes, features that lead to multiple, expected community states. Experts required detailed, physical habitat descriptions to develop community composition expectations that differed for different shore types, and expressed concern about evaluating rocky intertidal communities based on only a single sampling event. Distinguishing natural from anthropogenic disturbance without information on the sources and magnitudes of anthropogenic perturbation was also found to be challenging because the biological responses to these stressors are often similar. This study underscores the need for long-term data sets that describe the dynamics of populations and communities and rigorous testing of expert judgments to firmly establish broadly applicable and consistent links between community states and anthropogenic stressors on rocky shores.
    Keywords anthropogenic activities ; anthropogenic stressors ; community structure ; data collection ; exercise ; experts ; functional properties ; habitats ; littoral zone ; macroinvertebrates ; macrophytes ; temporal variation ; California
    Language English
    Dates of publication 2016-01
    Size p. 802-814.
    Publishing place Elsevier Ltd
    Document type Article
    ZDB-ID 2036774-0
    ISSN 1872-7034 ; 1470-160X
    ISSN (online) 1872-7034
    ISSN 1470-160X
    DOI 10.1016/j.ecolind.2015.08.017
    Database NAL-Catalogue (AGRICOLA)

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