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Article: The role of visa class in the location choices of immigrants in Australia at the regional and neighbourhood scales.

Laukova, Dagmara / Bernard, Aude / Nguyen, Toan / Sigler, Thomas

Journal of population research (Canberra, A.C.T.)

2022 Volume 39, Issue 2, Page(s) 201–231

Abstract: Australia's pro-immigration policies have played a vital role in national population growth, serving to address what would otherwise be chronic labour shortages and population ageing. While migrants to Australian have shown a clear preference for cities ... ...

Abstract	Australia's pro-immigration policies have played a vital role in national population growth, serving to address what would otherwise be chronic labour shortages and population ageing. While migrants to Australian have shown a clear preference for cities and tend to locate with co-ethnics, variations by visa class-employment, family reunification, and asylum-have yet to be fully explored. This paper aims to identify variations in settlement patterns of immigrants in Australia by visa types and the factors underpinning these choices, paying particular attention to ethnic networks and employment opportunities. We apply a series of negative binomial regressions to aggregate census data linked to visa status. At the suburb level, our results show the importance of the presence of compatriots in shaping the location choices of family migrants, with the exception of skilled and humanitarian immigrants from China, Malaysia and Thailand. At the regional level, skilled migrants, including skilled regional migrants, respond to employment opportunities to a greater extent than family and humanitarian migrants.
Language	English
Publishing date	2022-02-02
Publishing country	Netherlands
Document type	Journal Article
ZDB-ID	2236901-6
ISSN	1835-9469 ; 1443-2447
ISSN (online)	1835-9469
ISSN	1443-2447
DOI	10.1007/s12546-022-09280-w
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Article ; Online: Subclinical thrombus formation in bioprosthetic pulmonary valve conduits: Reply to Wei.

Sigler, Matthias / Paul, Thomas

International journal of cardiology

2019 Volume 293, Page(s) 223

MeSH term(s)	Bioprosthesis ; Heart Valve Prosthesis ; Humans ; Pulmonary Valve ; Thrombosis
Language	English
Publishing date	2019-08-24
Publishing country	Netherlands
Document type	Letter ; Comment
ZDB-ID	779519-1
ISSN	1874-1754 ; 0167-5273
ISSN (online)	1874-1754
ISSN	0167-5273
DOI	10.1016/j.ijcard.2019.07.008
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Article ; Online: Socio-spatial relations observed in the global city network of firms.

Sigler, Thomas / Martinus, Kirsten / Loginova, Julia

PloS one

2021 Volume 16, Issue 8, Page(s) e0255461

Abstract: One of the prevailing approaches to the study of the global economy is the analysis of global city networks based on the activities of multinational firms. Research in this vein generally conceptualises cities as nodes, and the intra-firm relations ... ...

Abstract	One of the prevailing approaches to the study of the global economy is the analysis of global city networks based on the activities of multinational firms. Research in this vein generally conceptualises cities as nodes, and the intra-firm relations between them as ties, forming the building blocks for globally scaled interurban networks. While such an approach has provided a valuable heuristic for understanding how cities are globally connected, and how the global economy can be conceived of as a network of cities, there is a lack of understanding as to how and why cities are connected, and which factors contribute to the existence of ties between cities. Here, we explain how five distinct socio-spatial dimensions contribute to global city network structure through their diverse effects on interurban dyads. Based on data from 13,583 multinational firms with 163,821 international subsidiary locations drawn from 208 global securities exchanges, we hypothesise how regional, linguistic, industrial, developmental, and command & control relations may contribute to network structure. We then test these by applying an exponential random graph model (ERGM) to explain how each dimension may contribute to cities' embeddedness within the overall network. Though all are shown to shape interurban relations to some extent, we find that two cities sharing a common industrial base are more likely to be connected. The ERGM also reveals a strong core-periphery structure in that cities in middle- and low-income countries are more reliant on connectivity than those in high-income countries. Our findings indicate that, despite claims seeking to de-emphasise the top-heavy organisational structure of the global urban economic network, interurban relations are characterised by uneven global development in which socio-spatial embeddedness manifests through a combination of similarity (homophily) and difference (heterophily) as determined by heterogeneous power relationships underlying global systems of production, exchange and consumption.
MeSH term(s)	Cities ; Industry ; Urban Population
Language	English
Publishing date	2021-08-17
Publishing country	United States
Document type	Journal Article ; Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't
ZDB-ID	2267670-3
ISSN	1932-6203 ; 1932-6203
ISSN (online)	1932-6203
ISSN	1932-6203
DOI	10.1371/journal.pone.0255461
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Article ; Online: Socio-spatial relations observed in the global city network of firms.

Thomas Sigler / Kirsten Martinus / Julia Loginova

PLoS ONE, Vol 16, Iss 8, p e

2021 Volume 0255461

Abstract	One of the prevailing approaches to the study of the global economy is the analysis of global city networks based on the activities of multinational firms. Research in this vein generally conceptualises cities as nodes, and the intra-firm relations between them as ties, forming the building blocks for globally scaled interurban networks. While such an approach has provided a valuable heuristic for understanding how cities are globally connected, and how the global economy can be conceived of as a network of cities, there is a lack of understanding as to how and why cities are connected, and which factors contribute to the existence of ties between cities. Here, we explain how five distinct socio-spatial dimensions contribute to global city network structure through their diverse effects on interurban dyads. Based on data from 13,583 multinational firms with 163,821 international subsidiary locations drawn from 208 global securities exchanges, we hypothesise how regional, linguistic, industrial, developmental, and command & control relations may contribute to network structure. We then test these by applying an exponential random graph model (ERGM) to explain how each dimension may contribute to cities' embeddedness within the overall network. Though all are shown to shape interurban relations to some extent, we find that two cities sharing a common industrial base are more likely to be connected. The ERGM also reveals a strong core-periphery structure in that cities in middle- and low-income countries are more reliant on connectivity than those in high-income countries. Our findings indicate that, despite claims seeking to de-emphasise the top-heavy organisational structure of the global urban economic network, interurban relations are characterised by uneven global development in which socio-spatial embeddedness manifests through a combination of similarity (homophily) and difference (heterophily) as determined by heterogeneous power relationships underlying global systems of production, exchange and ...
Keywords	Medicine ; R ; Science ; Q
Subject code	910
Language	English
Publishing date	2021-01-01T00:00:00Z
Publisher	Public Library of Science (PLoS)
Document type	Article ; Online
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Article ; Online: The structural architecture of international industry networks in the global economy.

Sigler, Thomas / Martinus, Kirsten / Iacopini, Iacopo / Derudder, Ben / Loginova, Julia

PloS one

2021 Volume 16, Issue 8, Page(s) e0255450

Abstract: Globalisation continuously produces novel economic relationships mediated by flows of goods, services, capital, and information between countries. The activity of multinational corporations (MNCs) has become a primary driver of globalisation, shaping ... ...

Abstract	Globalisation continuously produces novel economic relationships mediated by flows of goods, services, capital, and information between countries. The activity of multinational corporations (MNCs) has become a primary driver of globalisation, shaping these relationships through vast networks of firms and their subsidiaries. Extensive empirical research has suggested that globalisation is not a singular process, and that variation in the intensity of international economic interactions can be captured by 'multiple globalisations', however how this differs across industry sectors has remained unclear. This paper analyses how sectoral variation in the 'structural architecture' of international economic relations can be understood using a combination of social network analysis (SNA) measures based on firm-subsidiary ownership linkages. Applying an approach that combines network-level measures (Density, Clustering, Degree, Assortativity) in ways yet to be explored in the spatial networks literature, a typology of four idealised international network structures is presented to allow for comparison between sectors. All sectoral networks were found to be disassortative, indicating that international networks based on intraorganisational ties are characterised by a core-periphery structure, with professional services sectors such as Banks and Insurance being the most hierarchically differentiated. Retail sector networks, including Food & Staples Retailing, are the least clustered while the two most clustered networks-Materials and Capital Goods-have also the highest average degree, evidence of their extensive globalisations. Our findings suggest that the multiple globalisations characterising international economic interactions can be better understood through the 'structural architecture' of sectoral variation, which result from the advantages conferred by cross-border activity within each.
MeSH term(s)	Internationality
Language	English
Publishing date	2021-08-16
Publishing country	United States
Document type	Journal Article ; Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't
ZDB-ID	2267670-3
ISSN	1932-6203 ; 1932-6203
ISSN (online)	1932-6203
ISSN	1932-6203
DOI	10.1371/journal.pone.0255450
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Article ; Online: Solysafe Device Pushed Away by Amplatzer Septal Occluder After Closure of a Residual Atrial Septal Defect.

Sigler, Matthias / Horke, Alexander / Paul, Thomas / Uhlemann, Frank

JACC. Cardiovascular interventions

2019 Volume 12, Issue 11, Page(s) e95–e96

MeSH term(s)	Adult ; Cardiac Catheterization/adverse effects ; Cardiac Catheterization/instrumentation ; Device Removal ; Female ; Heart Septal Defects, Atrial/diagnostic imaging ; Heart Septal Defects, Atrial/physiopathology ; Heart Septal Defects, Atrial/therapy ; Humans ; Prosthesis Design ; Prosthesis Failure ; Pulmonary Embolism/etiology ; Pulmonary Embolism/surgery ; Recurrence ; Retreatment ; Septal Occluder Device ; Thrombosis/etiology ; Thrombosis/surgery ; Treatment Outcome
Language	English
Publishing date	2019-05-15
Publishing country	United States
Document type	Case Reports
ZDB-ID	2452157-7
ISSN	1876-7605 ; 1936-8798
ISSN (online)	1876-7605
ISSN	1936-8798
DOI	10.1016/j.jcin.2019.02.026
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Article ; Online: Expectoration of bronchial casts in association with Ramipril treatment.

Plümacher, Kim Sarah / Paul, Thomas / Sigler, Matthias

Cardiology in the young

2019 Volume 29, Issue 12, Page(s) 1565–1566

Abstract: We report of a 26-year-old female patient who was referred to our centre with congestive heart failure (CHF). Acute myocarditis with a high Parvovirus B19 virus load was diagnosed by myocardial biopsy. CHF improved after start of ramipril 5 mg/d, ... ...

Abstract	We report of a 26-year-old female patient who was referred to our centre with congestive heart failure (CHF). Acute myocarditis with a high Parvovirus B19 virus load was diagnosed by myocardial biopsy. CHF improved after start of ramipril 5 mg/d, metoprolol, diuretics, immunoglobins, and a 24-hour infusion of levosimendan. Soon after initiation of medical therapy, the patient started to expectorate bronchial casts with varying frequencies (three times per week to five times daily). Thorough pneumological workup, including histology of the casts, microbiology, and a CT scan of the lungs, did not reveal any cause for bronchial cast formation. Inhalative corticoids were started without any benefit. Two years later, cardiac catheterisation demonstrated normalised left ventricular function. LV end-diastolic pressure, however, was still elevated at 14 mmHg. Endomyocardial biopsies at this time were negative for virus genome. Finally, we changed afterload reduction therapy from ramipril to candesartan. Within 24 hours, expectoration of bronchial casts terminated. Four weeks later, re-exposition to ramipril prompted immediate re-appearance of cast formation, which again stopped with switching back to candesartan. Finally, we were to prove that treatment with ramipril resulted in bronchial cast formation in this patient.
MeSH term(s)	Adrenergic beta-1 Receptor Antagonists/therapeutic use ; Adult ; Angiotensin-Converting Enzyme Inhibitors/adverse effects ; Angiotensin-Converting Enzyme Inhibitors/therapeutic use ; Bronchi/diagnostic imaging ; Bronchi/drug effects ; Female ; Heart Failure/drug therapy ; Heart Failure/virology ; Humans ; Metoprolol/therapeutic use ; Myocarditis/complications ; Myocarditis/drug therapy ; Myocarditis/virology ; Parvoviridae Infections/complications ; Parvoviridae Infections/drug therapy ; Parvovirus B19, Human/isolation & purification ; Ramipril/adverse effects ; Ramipril/therapeutic use
Chemical Substances	Adrenergic beta-1 Receptor Antagonists ; Angiotensin-Converting Enzyme Inhibitors ; Metoprolol (GEB06NHM23) ; Ramipril (L35JN3I7SJ)
Language	English
Publishing date	2019-10-09
Publishing country	England
Document type	Case Reports ; Journal Article
ZDB-ID	1078466-4
ISSN	1467-1107 ; 1047-9511
ISSN (online)	1467-1107
ISSN	1047-9511
DOI	10.1017/S1047951119002294
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Article ; Online: The structural architecture of international industry networks in the global economy.

Thomas Sigler / Kirsten Martinus / Iacopo Iacopini / Ben Derudder / Julia Loginova

PLoS ONE, Vol 16, Iss 8, p e

2021 Volume 0255450

Abstract	Globalisation continuously produces novel economic relationships mediated by flows of goods, services, capital, and information between countries. The activity of multinational corporations (MNCs) has become a primary driver of globalisation, shaping these relationships through vast networks of firms and their subsidiaries. Extensive empirical research has suggested that globalisation is not a singular process, and that variation in the intensity of international economic interactions can be captured by 'multiple globalisations', however how this differs across industry sectors has remained unclear. This paper analyses how sectoral variation in the 'structural architecture' of international economic relations can be understood using a combination of social network analysis (SNA) measures based on firm-subsidiary ownership linkages. Applying an approach that combines network-level measures (Density, Clustering, Degree, Assortativity) in ways yet to be explored in the spatial networks literature, a typology of four idealised international network structures is presented to allow for comparison between sectors. All sectoral networks were found to be disassortative, indicating that international networks based on intraorganisational ties are characterised by a core-periphery structure, with professional services sectors such as Banks and Insurance being the most hierarchically differentiated. Retail sector networks, including Food & Staples Retailing, are the least clustered while the two most clustered networks-Materials and Capital Goods-have also the highest average degree, evidence of their extensive globalisations. Our findings suggest that the multiple globalisations characterising international economic interactions can be better understood through the 'structural architecture' of sectoral variation, which result from the advantages conferred by cross-border activity within each.
Keywords	Medicine ; R ; Science ; Q
Subject code	381
Language	English
Publishing date	2021-01-01T00:00:00Z
Publisher	Public Library of Science (PLoS)
Document type	Article ; Online
Database	BASE - Bielefeld Academic Search Engine (life sciences selection)

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Article ; Online: Screening for potential targets to reduce stenosis in bioprosthetic heart valves.

Foth, Rudi / Shomroni, Orr / Sigler, Matthias / Hörer, Jürgen / Cleuziou, Julie / Paul, Thomas / Eildermann, Katja

Scientific reports

2021 Volume 11, Issue 1, Page(s) 2464

Abstract: Progressive stenosis is one of the main factors that limit the lifetime of bioprosthetic valved conduits. To improve long-term performance we aimed to identify targets that inhibit pannus formation on conduit walls. From 11 explanted, obstructed, ... ...

Abstract	Progressive stenosis is one of the main factors that limit the lifetime of bioprosthetic valved conduits. To improve long-term performance we aimed to identify targets that inhibit pannus formation on conduit walls. From 11 explanted, obstructed, RNAlater presevered pulmonary valved conduits, we dissected the thickened conduit wall and the thin leaflet to determine gene expression-profiles using ultra deep sequencing. Differential gene expression between pannus and leaflet provided the dataset that was screened for potential targets. Promising target candidates were immunohistologically stained to see protein abundance and the expressing cell type(s). While immunostainings for DDR2 and FGFR2 remained inconclusive, EGFR, ErbB4 and FLT4 were specifically expressed in a subset of tissue macrophages, a cell type known to regulate the initiation, maintenance, and resolution of tissue repair. Taken toghether, our data suggest EGFR, ErbB4 and FLT4 as potential target candidates to limit pannus formation in bioprosthestic replacement valves.
MeSH term(s)	Adult ; Bioprosthesis ; Child ; Child, Preschool ; Female ; Gene Expression Regulation ; Heart Valve Prosthesis ; Heart Valves/metabolism ; Heart Valves/pathology ; Heart Valves/surgery ; Humans ; Infant ; Male
Language	English
Publishing date	2021-01-28
Publishing country	England
Document type	Clinical Trial ; Journal Article ; Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't
ZDB-ID	2615211-3
ISSN	2045-2322 ; 2045-2322
ISSN (online)	2045-2322
ISSN	2045-2322
DOI	10.1038/s41598-021-81340-2
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Article ; Online: Economic Cities

Sigler, Thomas / Searle, Glen / Martinus, Kirsten

2020

Abstract: This chapter explores the economy of cities in greater detail. First, it gives a summary of the growth and development of cities over time with respect to their economic function. One of the most important trends over the past century has been rapid ... ...

Abstract	This chapter explores the economy of cities in greater detail. First, it gives a summary of the growth and development of cities over time with respect to their economic function. One of the most important trends over the past century has been rapid urbanisation tied to industrialisation. In some parts of the world, there has been subsequent deindustrialisation. Next, this chapter focusses on the spatial implications of economic change in cities. As urban economies shift over time, so do the characteristics of the built environment, including employment nodes and residential housing. Suburbanisation driven by increasing car ownership has been an important process, but has occurred unevenly in different contexts. The chapter concludes by considering how cities have changed in the recent past, and how economic functions tied to the information age continue to transform cities and urban spatial structure.
Keywords	COVID-19 ; Coronavirus ; covid19
Language	English
Publishing country	au
Document type	Article ; Online
Database	BASE - Bielefeld Academic Search Engine (life sciences selection)

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