LIVIVO - Search results -

Search results

Result 1 - 10 of total 19

Search options

Article ; Online: Polarized information ecosystems can reorganize social networks via information cascades.

Tokita, Christopher K / Guess, Andrew M / Tarnita, Corina E

Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

2022 Volume 118, Issue 50

Abstract: The precise mechanisms by which the information ecosystem polarizes society remain elusive. Focusing on political sorting in networks, we develop a computational model that examines how social network structure changes when individuals participate in ... ...

Abstract	The precise mechanisms by which the information ecosystem polarizes society remain elusive. Focusing on political sorting in networks, we develop a computational model that examines how social network structure changes when individuals participate in information cascades, evaluate their behavior, and potentially rewire their connections to others as a result. Individuals follow proattitudinal information sources but are more likely to first hear and react to news shared by their social ties and only later evaluate these reactions by direct reference to the coverage of their preferred source. Reactions to news spread through the network via a complex contagion. Following a cascade, individuals who determine that their participation was driven by a subjectively "unimportant" story adjust their social ties to avoid being misled in the future. In our model, this dynamic leads social networks to politically sort when news outlets differentially report on the same topic, even when individuals do not know others' political identities. Observational follow network data collected on Twitter support this prediction: We find that individuals in more polarized information ecosystems lose cross-ideology social ties at a rate that is higher than predicted by chance. Importantly, our model reveals that these emergent polarized networks are less efficient at diffusing information: Individuals avoid what they believe to be "unimportant" news at the expense of missing out on subjectively "important" news far more frequently. This suggests that "echo chambers"-to the extent that they exist-may not echo so much as silence.
Language	English
Publishing date	2022-01-10
Publishing country	United States
Document type	Journal Article ; Research Support, U.S. Gov't, Non-P.H.S. ; Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't
ZDB-ID	209104-5
ISSN	1091-6490 ; 0027-8424
ISSN (online)	1091-6490
ISSN	0027-8424
DOI	10.1073/pnas.2102147118
Database	MEDical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System OnLINE

In stock of ZB MED Cologne/Königswinter

Zs.A 1148: Show issues

Location:
Je nach Verfügbarkeit (siehe Angabe bei Bestand)
bis Jg. 1994: Bestellungen von Artikeln über das Online-Bestellformular
Jg. 1995 - 2021: Lesesall (1.OG)
ab Jg. 2022: Lesesaal (EG)

Order via subito

This service is chargeable due to the Delivery terms set by subito. Orders including an article and supplementary material will be classified as separate orders. In these cases, fees will be demanded for each order.

Details ▾
- See ZB MED holdings
- Order with fees

Article: Sex-specific competitive social feedback amplifies the role of early life contingency in male mice.

Zipple, Matthew N / Kuo, Daniel Chang / Meng, Xinmiao / Reichard, Tess M / Guess, Kwynn / Vogt, Caleb C / Moeller, Andrew H / Sheehan, Michael J

bioRxiv : the preprint server for biology

2024

Abstract: Contingency (or 'luck') in early life plays an important role in shaping individuals' development. When individuals live within larger societies, social experiences may cause the importance of early contingencies to be magnified or dampened. Here we test ...

Abstract	Contingency (or 'luck') in early life plays an important role in shaping individuals' development. When individuals live within larger societies, social experiences may cause the importance of early contingencies to be magnified or dampened. Here we test the hypothesis that competition magnifies the importance of early contingency in a sex-specific manner by comparing the developmental trajectories of genetically identical, free-living mice who either experienced high levels of territorial competition (males) or did not (females). We show that male territoriality results in a competitive feedback loop that magnifies the importance of early contingency and pushes individuals onto divergent, self-reinforcing life trajectories, while the same process appears absent in females. Our results indicate that the strength of sexual selection may be self-limiting, as within-sex competition increases the importance of early life contingency, thereby reducing the ability of selection to lead to evolution. They also demonstrate the potential for contingency to lead to dramatic differences in life outcomes, even in the absence of any underlying differences in ability ('merit').
Language	English
Publishing date	2024-04-21
Publishing country	United States
Document type	Preprint
DOI	10.1101/2024.04.19.590322
Database	MEDical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System OnLINE

Inter-library loan at ZB MED

Your chosen title can be delivered directly to ZB MED Cologne location if you are registered as a user at ZB MED Cologne.

Details ▾

Article ; Online: Comparison of Azure Kinect overground gait spatiotemporal parameters to marker based optical motion capture.

Guess, Trent M / Bliss, Rebecca / Hall, Jamie B / Kiselica, Andrew M

Gait & posture

2022 Volume 96, Page(s) 130–136

Abstract: Background: Instrumented measurement of spatiotemporal parameters during walking can provide valuable information on an individual's overall function and health. Efficient, inexpensive, and accurate measurement of overground walking spatiotemporal ... ...

Abstract	Background: Instrumented measurement of spatiotemporal parameters during walking can provide valuable information on an individual's overall function and health. Efficient, inexpensive, and accurate measurement of overground walking spatiotemporal parameters would be a critical component of providing point-of-care assessments of gait function, concussion recovery, fall-risk, and cognitive decline. Depth cameras combined with skeleton pose tracking algorithms, such as the Microsoft Kinect with body tracking software, have been used to measure walking spatiotemporal parameters. However, the ability of the latest generation Microsoft Kinect sensor, the Azure Kinect, to accurately measure overground walking spatiotemporal parameters has not been evaluated in the literature. Research question: The purpose of this work was to compare overground walking spatiotemporal parameters measurements from a 12 camera Vicon optical motion capture system to measurements of a single Azure Kinect with body tracking SDK (software development kit). Methods: Spatiotemporal parameters of overground walking were simultaneously collected on twenty young healthy participants. Stride length, stride time, step length and step width were derived from ankle joint center locations and measurements from the two instruments were compared using descriptive statistics, scatter plots, Pearson correlation analyses, and Bland-Altman analyses. Results: Pearson correlation coefficients were greater than 0.87 for all spatiotemporal parameters with most parameters demonstrating very strong (> 0.9) agreement. The mean of the differences for stride length between measurements was 35.6 mm for the left limb and 39.1 mm for the right limb, both of which are less than 3% of average stride length. Mean of the differences for step width and stride time were less than 2% and 1% of their averages respectively. Significance: A single Microsoft Azure Kinect with body tracking SDK can provide clinically relevant measurement of walking spatiotemporal parameters, providing accessible and objective measurements that can improve clinical decision making across a variety of patient populations.
MeSH term(s)	Algorithms ; Biomarkers ; Biomechanical Phenomena ; Gait ; Humans ; Reproducibility of Results ; Software ; Walking
Chemical Substances	Biomarkers
Language	English
Publishing date	2022-05-21
Publishing country	England
Document type	Journal Article ; Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't
ZDB-ID	1162323-8
ISSN	1879-2219 ; 0966-6362
ISSN (online)	1879-2219
ISSN	0966-6362
DOI	10.1016/j.gaitpost.2022.05.021
Database	MEDical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System OnLINE

In stock of ZB MED Cologne/Königswinter

Zs.A 3804: Show issues

Location:
Je nach Verfügbarkeit (siehe Angabe bei Bestand)
bis Jg. 1994: Bestellungen von Artikeln über das Online-Bestellformular
Jg. 1995 - 2021: Lesesall (2.OG)
ab Jg. 2022: Lesesaal (EG)

Order via subito

Details ▾
- See ZB MED holdings
- Order with fees

Article ; Online: Rumors in Retweet: Ideological Asymmetry in the Failure to Correct Misinformation.

DeVerna, Matthew R / Guess, Andrew M / Berinsky, Adam J / Tucker, Joshua A / Jost, John T

Personality & social psychology bulletin

2022 Volume 50, Issue 1, Page(s) 3–17

Abstract: We used supervised machine-learning techniques to examine ideological asymmetries in online rumor transmission. Although liberals were more likely than conservatives to communicate in general about the 2013 Boston Marathon bombings (Study 1, ...

Abstract	We used supervised machine-learning techniques to examine ideological asymmetries in online rumor transmission. Although liberals were more likely than conservatives to communicate in general about the 2013 Boston Marathon bombings (Study 1,
MeSH term(s)	Humans ; Communication ; Politics
Language	English
Publishing date	2022-09-01
Publishing country	United States
Document type	Journal Article
ZDB-ID	2047603-6
ISSN	1552-7433 ; 0146-1672
ISSN (online)	1552-7433
ISSN	0146-1672
DOI	10.1177/01461672221114222
Database	MEDical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System OnLINE

Order via subito

Article ; Online: News credibility labels have limited average effects on news diet quality and fail to reduce misperceptions.

Aslett, Kevin / Guess, Andrew M / Bonneau, Richard / Nagler, Jonathan / Tucker, Joshua A

Science advances

2022 Volume 8, Issue 18, Page(s) eabl3844

Abstract: As the primary arena for viral misinformation shifts toward transnational threats, the search continues for scalable countermeasures compatible with principles of transparency and free expression. We conducted a randomized field experiment evaluating the ...

Abstract	As the primary arena for viral misinformation shifts toward transnational threats, the search continues for scalable countermeasures compatible with principles of transparency and free expression. We conducted a randomized field experiment evaluating the impact of source credibility labels embedded in users' social feeds and search results pages. By combining representative surveys (
Language	English
Publishing date	2022-05-06
Publishing country	United States
Document type	Journal Article
ZDB-ID	2810933-8
ISSN	2375-2548 ; 2375-2548
ISSN (online)	2375-2548
ISSN	2375-2548
DOI	10.1126/sciadv.abl3844
Database	MEDical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System OnLINE

Order via subito

Article ; Online: Exposure to untrustworthy websites in the 2016 US election.

Guess, Andrew M / Nyhan, Brendan / Reifler, Jason

Nature human behaviour

2020 Volume 4, Issue 5, Page(s) 472–480

Abstract: Although commentators frequently warn about echo chambers, little is known about the volume or slant of political misinformation that people consume online, the effects of social media and fact checking on exposure, or the effects of political ... ...

Abstract	Although commentators frequently warn about echo chambers, little is known about the volume or slant of political misinformation that people consume online, the effects of social media and fact checking on exposure, or the effects of political misinformation on behaviour. Here, we evaluate these questions for websites that publish factually dubious content, which is often described as fake news. Survey and web-traffic data from the 2016 US presidential campaign show that supporters of Donald Trump were most likely to visit these websites, which often spread through Facebook. However, these websites made up a small share of people's information diets on average and were largely consumed by a subset of Americans with strong preferences for pro-attitudinal information. These results suggest that the widespread speculation about the prevalence of exposure to untrustworthy websites has been overstated.
MeSH term(s)	Adult ; Communication ; Female ; Humans ; Internet ; Male ; Middle Aged ; Politics ; Social Media ; Trust/psychology ; United States
Language	English
Publishing date	2020-03-02
Publishing country	England
Document type	Journal Article ; Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't
ISSN	2397-3374
ISSN (online)	2397-3374
DOI	10.1038/s41562-020-0833-x
Database	MEDical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System OnLINE

Order via subito

Inter-library loan at ZB MED

Your chosen title can be delivered directly to ZB MED Cologne location if you are registered as a user at ZB MED Cologne.

Article ; Online: The consequences of online partisan media.

Guess, Andrew M / Barberá, Pablo / Munzert, Simon / Yang, JungHwan

Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

2021 Volume 118, Issue 14

Abstract: What role do ideologically extreme media play in the polarization of society? Here we report results from a randomized longitudinal field experiment embedded in a nationally representative online panel survey (N = 1,037) in which participants were ... ...

Abstract	What role do ideologically extreme media play in the polarization of society? Here we report results from a randomized longitudinal field experiment embedded in a nationally representative online panel survey (N = 1,037) in which participants were incentivized to change their browser default settings and social media following patterns, boosting the likelihood of encountering news with either a left-leaning (HuffPost) or right-leaning (Fox News) slant during the 2018 US midterm election campaign. Data on ≈ 19 million web visits by respondents indicate that resulting changes in news consumption persisted for at least 8 wk. Greater exposure to partisan news can cause immediate but short-lived increases in website visits and knowledge of recent events. After adjusting for multiple comparisons, however, we find little evidence of a direct impact on opinions or affect. Still, results from later survey waves suggest that both treatments produce a lasting and meaningful decrease in trust in the mainstream media up to 1 y later. Consistent with the minimal-effects tradition, direct consequences of online partisan media are limited, although our findings raise questions about the possibility of subtle, cumulative dynamics. The combination of experimentation and computational social science techniques illustrates a powerful approach for studying the long-term consequences of exposure to partisan news.
MeSH term(s)	Dissent and Disputes ; Humans ; Mass Media ; Social Media ; Surveys and Questionnaires
Language	English
Publishing date	2021-03-29
Publishing country	United States
Document type	Journal Article ; Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't
ZDB-ID	209104-5
ISSN	1091-6490 ; 0027-8424
ISSN (online)	1091-6490
ISSN	0027-8424
DOI	10.1073/pnas.2013464118
Database	MEDical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System OnLINE

In stock of ZB MED Cologne/Königswinter

Zs.A 1148: Show issues

Location:
Je nach Verfügbarkeit (siehe Angabe bei Bestand)
bis Jg. 1994: Bestellungen von Artikeln über das Online-Bestellformular
Jg. 1995 - 2021: Lesesall (1.OG)
ab Jg. 2022: Lesesaal (EG)

Order via subito

Details ▾
- See ZB MED holdings
- Order with fees

Article ; Online: Overconfidence in news judgments is associated with false news susceptibility.

Lyons, Benjamin A / Montgomery, Jacob M / Guess, Andrew M / Nyhan, Brendan / Reifler, Jason

Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

2021 Volume 118, Issue 23

Abstract: We examine the role of overconfidence in news judgment using two large nationally representative survey samples. First, we show that three in four Americans overestimate their relative ability to distinguish between legitimate and false news headlines; ... ...

Abstract	We examine the role of overconfidence in news judgment using two large nationally representative survey samples. First, we show that three in four Americans overestimate their relative ability to distinguish between legitimate and false news headlines; respondents place themselves 22 percentiles higher than warranted on average. This overconfidence is, in turn, correlated with consequential differences in real-world beliefs and behavior. We show that overconfident individuals are more likely to visit untrustworthy websites in behavioral data; to fail to successfully distinguish between true and false claims about current events in survey questions; and to report greater willingness to like or share false content on social media, especially when it is politically congenial. In all, these results paint a worrying picture: The individuals who are least equipped to identify false news content are also the least aware of their own limitations and, therefore, more susceptible to believing it and spreading it further.
MeSH term(s)	Adult ; Deception ; Humans ; Judgment ; Politics ; Social Media ; United States
Language	English
Publishing date	2021-04-30
Publishing country	United States
Document type	Journal Article ; Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't
ZDB-ID	209104-5
ISSN	1091-6490 ; 0027-8424
ISSN (online)	1091-6490
ISSN	0027-8424
DOI	10.1073/pnas.2019527118
Database	MEDical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System OnLINE

In stock of ZB MED Cologne/Königswinter

Zs.A 1148: Show issues

Location:
Je nach Verfügbarkeit (siehe Angabe bei Bestand)
bis Jg. 1994: Bestellungen von Artikeln über das Online-Bestellformular
Jg. 1995 - 2021: Lesesall (1.OG)
ab Jg. 2022: Lesesaal (EG)

Order via subito

Details ▾
- See ZB MED holdings
- Order with fees

Article ; Online: The sources and correlates of exposure to vaccine-related (mis)information online.

Guess, Andrew M / Nyhan, Brendan / O'Keeffe, Zachary / Reifler, Jason

Vaccine

2020 Volume 38, Issue 49, Page(s) 7799–7805

Abstract: Objectives: To assess the quantity and type of vaccine-related information Americans consume online and its relationship to social media use and attitudes toward vaccines.: Methods: Analysis of individual-level web browsing data linked with survey ... ...

Abstract	Objectives: To assess the quantity and type of vaccine-related information Americans consume online and its relationship to social media use and attitudes toward vaccines. Methods: Analysis of individual-level web browsing data linked with survey responses from representative samples of Americans collected between October 2016 and February 2019. Results: We estimate that approximately 84% of Americans visit a vaccine-related webpage each year. Encounters with vaccine-skeptical content are less frequent; they make up only 7.5% of vaccine-related pageviews and are encountered by only 18.5% of people annually. However, these pages are more likely to be published by untrustworthy sources. Moreover, skeptical content exposure is more common among people with less favorable vaccine attitudes. Finally, usage of online intermediaries is frequently linked to vaccine-related information exposure. Google use is differentially associated with subsequent exposure to non-skeptical content, whereas exposure to vaccine-skeptical webpages is associated with usage of webmail and, to a lesser extent, Facebook. Conclusions: Online exposure to vaccine-skeptical content is relatively rare, but vigilance is required given the potential for exposure among vulnerable audiences.
MeSH term(s)	Humans ; Social Media ; Vaccination ; Vaccines/adverse effects
Chemical Substances	Vaccines
Keywords	covid19
Language	English
Publishing date	2020-10-22
Publishing country	Netherlands
Document type	Journal Article ; Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't
ZDB-ID	605674-x
ISSN	1873-2518 ; 0264-410X
ISSN (online)	1873-2518
ISSN	0264-410X
DOI	10.1016/j.vaccine.2020.10.018
Database	MEDical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System OnLINE

In stock of ZB MED Cologne/Königswinter

Zs.A 1930: Show issues			Location: Je nach Verfügbarkeit (siehe Angabe bei Bestand) bis Jg. 1994: Bestellungen von Artikeln über das Online-Bestellformular Jg. 1995 - 2021: Lesesall (1.OG) ab Jg. 2022: Lesesaal (EG)
Zs.MO 458: Show issues

Order via subito

Details ▾
- See ZB MED holdings
- Order with fees

Article ; Online: The ephemeral effects of fact-checks on COVID-19 misperceptions in the United States, Great Britain and Canada.

Carey, John M / Guess, Andrew M / Loewen, Peter J / Merkley, Eric / Nyhan, Brendan / Phillips, Joseph B / Reifler, Jason

Nature human behaviour

2022 Volume 6, Issue 2, Page(s) 236–243

Abstract: Widespread misperceptions about COVID-19 and the novel coronavirus threaten to exacerbate the severity of the pandemic. We conducted preregistered survey experiments in the United States, Great Britain and Canada examining the effectiveness of fact- ... ...

Abstract	Widespread misperceptions about COVID-19 and the novel coronavirus threaten to exacerbate the severity of the pandemic. We conducted preregistered survey experiments in the United States, Great Britain and Canada examining the effectiveness of fact-checks that seek to correct these false or unsupported beliefs. Across three countries with differing levels of political conflict over the pandemic response, we demonstrate that fact-checks reduce targeted misperceptions, especially among the groups who are most vulnerable to these claims, and have minimal spillover effects on the accuracy of related beliefs. However, these reductions in COVID-19 misperception beliefs do not persist over time in panel data even after repeated exposure. These results suggest that fact-checks can successfully change the COVID-19 beliefs of the people who would benefit from them most but that their effects are ephemeral.
MeSH term(s)	Attitude to Health ; COVID-19/epidemiology ; COVID-19/psychology ; COVID-19/virology ; Canada/epidemiology ; Communication ; Culture ; Ethnopsychology ; Female ; Humans ; Male ; Psychology, Social/methods ; Psychology, Social/statistics & numerical data ; Public Health/ethics ; SARS-CoV-2/pathogenicity ; Social Media ; Social Perception/psychology ; United Kingdom/epidemiology ; United States/epidemiology
Language	English
Publishing date	2022-02-03
Publishing country	England
Document type	Journal Article ; Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't ; Research Support, U.S. Gov't, Non-P.H.S.
ISSN	2397-3374
ISSN (online)	2397-3374
DOI	10.1038/s41562-021-01278-3
Database	MEDical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System OnLINE

Order via subito

Inter-library loan at ZB MED

Your chosen title can be delivered directly to ZB MED Cologne location if you are registered as a user at ZB MED Cologne.

To top

More links

Kategorien

In stock of ZB MED Cologne/Königswinter

Order via subito

More links

Kategorien

Inter-library loan at ZB MED

More links

Kategorien

In stock of ZB MED Cologne/Königswinter

Order via subito

More links

Kategorien

Order via subito

More links

Kategorien

Order via subito

More links

Kategorien

Order via subito

Inter-library loan at ZB MED

More links

Kategorien

In stock of ZB MED Cologne/Königswinter

Order via subito

More links

Kategorien

In stock of ZB MED Cologne/Königswinter

Order via subito

More links

Kategorien

In stock of ZB MED Cologne/Königswinter

Order via subito

More links

Kategorien

Order via subito

Inter-library loan at ZB MED