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  1. Book ; Conference proceedings: Attention deficit disorder

    Sagvolden, Terje

    clinical and basic research

    1989  

    Institution Workshop on Attention Deficit Disorder, Minimal Brain Dysfunction, Hyperkinetic Syndrome, and Related Dysfunctions
    Author's details [Workshop on Attention Deficit Disorder, Minimal Brain Dysfunction, Hyperkinetic Syndrome, and Related Dysfunctions held in Oslo, Norway in 1987]. Ed. by Terje Sagvolden
    Keywords Attention Deficit Disorder with Hyperactivity / congresses ; Konzentrationsschwäche
    Subject Konzentrationsstörung ; Unaufmerksamkeit ; Aufmerksamkeitsschwäche ; Aufmerksamkeitsstörung
    Size VI, 416 S. : graph. Darst.
    Edition 1. [Dr.]
    Publisher Erlbaum
    Publishing place Hillsdale, NJ u.a.
    Publishing country United States
    Document type Book ; Conference proceedings
    HBZ-ID HT003482543
    ISBN 0-8058-0098-0 ; 978-0-8058-0098-2
    Database Catalogue ZB MED Medicine, Health

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  2. Article ; Online: Impulsiveness, overactivity, and poorer sustained attention improve by chronic treatment with low doses of l-amphetamine in an animal model of Attention-Deficit/Hyperactivity Disorder (ADHD).

    Sagvolden, Terje

    Behavioral and brain functions : BBF

    2011  Volume 7, Page(s) 6

    Abstract: Background: ADHD is currently defined as a cognitive/behavioral developmental disorder where all clinical criteria are behavioral. Overactivity, impulsiveness, and inattentiveness are presently regarded as the main clinical symptoms. There is no ... ...

    Abstract Background: ADHD is currently defined as a cognitive/behavioral developmental disorder where all clinical criteria are behavioral. Overactivity, impulsiveness, and inattentiveness are presently regarded as the main clinical symptoms. There is no biological marker, but there is considerable evidence to suggest that ADHD behavior is associated with poor dopaminergic and noradrenergic modulation of neuronal circuits that involve the frontal lobes. The best validated animal model of ADHD, the Spontaneously Hypertensive Rat (SHR), shows pronounced overactivity, impulsiveness, and deficient sustained attention. The primary objective of the present research was to investigate behavioral effects of a range of doses of chronic l-amphetamine on ADHD-like symptoms in the SHR.
    Methods: The present study tested the behavioral effects of 0.75 and 2.2 mg l-amphetamine base/kg i.p. in male SHRs and their controls, the Wistar Kyoto rat (WKY). ADHD-like behavior was tested with a visual discrimination task measuring overactivity, impulsiveness and inattentiveness.
    Results: The striking impulsiveness, overactivity, and poorer sustained attention seen during baseline conditions in the SHR were improved by chronic treatment with l-amphetamine. The dose-response curves were, however, different for the different behaviors. Most significantly, the 0.75 mg/kg dose of l-amphetamine improved sustained attention without reducing overactivity and impulsiveness. The 2.2 mg/kg dose improved sustained attention as well as reduced SHR overactivity and impulsiveness.
    Discussion: The effects of l-amphetamine to reduce the behavioral symptoms of ADHD in the SHR were maintained over the 14 days of daily dosing with no evidence of tolerance developing.
    MeSH term(s) Amphetamine/administration & dosage ; Amphetamine/pharmacology ; Amphetamine/therapeutic use ; Animals ; Attention/drug effects ; Attention Deficit Disorder with Hyperactivity/complications ; Attention Deficit Disorder with Hyperactivity/drug therapy ; Attention Deficit Disorder with Hyperactivity/psychology ; Disease Models, Animal ; Dose-Response Relationship, Drug ; Drug Administration Schedule ; Drug Evaluation, Preclinical ; Hyperkinesis/complications ; Hyperkinesis/drug therapy ; Impulsive Behavior/complications ; Impulsive Behavior/drug therapy ; Male ; Rats ; Rats, Inbred SHR ; Rats, Inbred WKY
    Chemical Substances Amphetamine (CK833KGX7E)
    Language English
    Publishing date 2011-03-30
    Publishing country England
    Document type Journal Article ; Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't
    ISSN 1744-9081
    ISSN (online) 1744-9081
    DOI 10.1186/1744-9081-7-6
    Database MEDical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System OnLINE

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  3. Article ; Online: Impulsiveness, overactivity, and poorer sustained attention improve by chronic treatment with low doses of l-amphetamine in an animal model of Attention-Deficit/Hyperactivity Disorder (ADHD)

    Sagvolden Terje

    Behavioral and Brain Functions, Vol 7, Iss 1, p

    2011  Volume 6

    Abstract: Abstract Background ADHD is currently defined as a cognitive/behavioral developmental disorder where all clinical criteria are behavioral. Overactivity, impulsiveness, and inattentiveness are presently regarded as the main clinical symptoms. There is no ... ...

    Abstract Abstract Background ADHD is currently defined as a cognitive/behavioral developmental disorder where all clinical criteria are behavioral. Overactivity, impulsiveness, and inattentiveness are presently regarded as the main clinical symptoms. There is no biological marker, but there is considerable evidence to suggest that ADHD behavior is associated with poor dopaminergic and noradrenergic modulation of neuronal circuits that involve the frontal lobes. The best validated animal model of ADHD, the Spontaneously Hypertensive Rat (SHR), shows pronounced overactivity, impulsiveness, and deficient sustained attention. The primary objective of the present research was to investigate behavioral effects of a range of doses of chronic l-amphetamine on ADHD-like symptoms in the SHR. Methods The present study tested the behavioral effects of 0.75 and 2.2 mg l-amphetamine base/kg i.p. in male SHRs and their controls, the Wistar Kyoto rat (WKY). ADHD-like behavior was tested with a visual discrimination task measuring overactivity, impulsiveness and inattentiveness. Results The striking impulsiveness, overactivity, and poorer sustained attention seen during baseline conditions in the SHR were improved by chronic treatment with l-amphetamine. The dose-response curves were, however, different for the different behaviors. Most significantly, the 0.75 mg/kg dose of l-amphetamine improved sustained attention without reducing overactivity and impulsiveness. The 2.2 mg/kg dose improved sustained attention as well as reduced SHR overactivity and impulsiveness. Discussion The effects of l-amphetamine to reduce the behavioral symptoms of ADHD in the SHR were maintained over the 14 days of daily dosing with no evidence of tolerance developing.
    Keywords Neurology. Diseases of the nervous system ; RC346-429 ; Neurosciences. Biological psychiatry. Neuropsychiatry ; RC321-571 ; Internal medicine ; RC31-1245 ; Medicine ; R ; DOAJ:Neurology ; DOAJ:Medicine (General) ; DOAJ:Health Sciences
    Subject code 150
    Language English
    Publishing date 2011-03-01T00:00:00Z
    Publisher BioMed Central
    Document type Article ; Online
    Database BASE - Bielefeld Academic Search Engine (life sciences selection)

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  4. Article ; Online: The alpha-2A adrenoceptor agonist guanfacine improves sustained attention and reduces overactivity and impulsiveness in an animal model of Attention-Deficit/Hyperactivity Disorder (ADHD).

    Sagvolden, Terje

    Behavioral and brain functions : BBF

    2006  Volume 2, Page(s) 41

    Abstract: Background: ADHD is currently defined as a cognitive/behavioral developmental disorder where all clinical criteria are behavioral. Overactivity, impulsiveness, and inattentiveness are presently regarded as the main clinical symptoms. There is no ... ...

    Abstract Background: ADHD is currently defined as a cognitive/behavioral developmental disorder where all clinical criteria are behavioral. Overactivity, impulsiveness, and inattentiveness are presently regarded as the main clinical symptoms. There is no biological marker, but there is considerable evidence to suggest that ADHD behavior is associated with poor dopaminergic and noradrenergic modulation of neuronal circuits that involve the frontal lobes. The best validated animal model of ADHD, the Spontaneously Hypertensive Rat (SHR), shows pronounced overactivity, impulsiveness, and deficient sustained attention. While dopamine release is decreased in SHR prefrontal cortex, norepinephrine concentrations are elevated. The noradrenergic system appears to be hyperactive as a result of impaired alpha-2A adrenoceptor regulation. Thus, the present study tested behavioral effects of the centrally acting alpha-2A adrenoceptor agonist guanfacine on SHR behavior.
    Methods: The present study tested behavioral effects of guanfacine at doses of 0.075, 0.15, 0.30 and 0.60 mg base/kg i.p. in both male SHRs and their controls, the Wistar Kyoto rat (WKY). ADHD-like behavior was tested with a visual discrimination task measuring overactivity, impulsiveness and inattentiveness.
    Results: The striking impulsiveness, overactivity, and reduced sustained attention during baseline conditions in the SHR improved by treatment with guanfacine. The most pronounced improvement in SHR behavior was seen following the two highest doses (0.3 and 0.6 mg/kg) of guanfacine when SHR behaviors virtually normalized. The positive effects of the drug were most marked towards the end of the session.
    Conclusion: The results indicate that guanfacine improved poor noradrenergic modulation of neuronal circuits that involve the frontal lobes in an animal model of ADHD. The present results support the beneficial effects of guanfacine on ADHD behavior reported clinically and experimentally in primate models of frontal function. It is likely that guanfacine improved prefrontal functions in the SHR. It cannot be concluded, however, that the effects of the drug are mediated solely by norepinephrine.
    Language English
    Publishing date 2006-12-15
    Publishing country England
    Document type Journal Article
    ISSN 1744-9081
    ISSN (online) 1744-9081
    DOI 10.1186/1744-9081-2-41
    Database MEDical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System OnLINE

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  5. Article ; Online: Behavioral and Brain Functions. A new journal.

    Sagvolden, Terje

    Behavioral and brain functions : BBF

    2005  Volume 1, Issue 1, Page(s) 1

    Abstract: Behavioral and Brain Functions (BBF) is an Open Access, peer-reviewed, online journal considering original research, review, and modeling articles in all aspects of neurobiology or behavior, favoring research that relates to both domains. Behavioral and ... ...

    Abstract Behavioral and Brain Functions (BBF) is an Open Access, peer-reviewed, online journal considering original research, review, and modeling articles in all aspects of neurobiology or behavior, favoring research that relates to both domains. Behavioral and Brain Functions is published by BioMed Central. The greatest challenge for empirical science is to understand human behavior; how human behavior arises from the myriad functions such as attention, language, memory and emotion; how these functions are reflected in brain structures and functions; and how the brain and behavior are altered in disease. Behavioral and Brain Functions covers the entire area of behavioral and cognitive neuroscience - an area where animal studies traditionally play a prominent role. Behavioral and Brain Functions is published online, allowing unlimited space for figures, extensive datasets to allow readers to study the data for themselves, and moving pictures, which are important qualities assisting communication in modern science.
    Language English
    Publishing date 2005-04-22
    Publishing country England
    Document type Journal Article
    ISSN 1744-9081
    ISSN (online) 1744-9081
    DOI 10.1186/1744-9081-1-1
    Database MEDical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System OnLINE

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  6. Article ; Online: The alpha-2A adrenoceptor agonist guanfacine improves sustained attention and reduces overactivity and impulsiveness in an animal model of Attention-Deficit/Hyperactivity Disorder (ADHD)

    Sagvolden Terje

    Behavioral and Brain Functions, Vol 2, Iss 1, p

    2006  Volume 41

    Abstract: Abstract Background ADHD is currently defined as a cognitive/behavioral developmental disorder where all clinical criteria are behavioral. Overactivity, impulsiveness, and inattentiveness are presently regarded as the main clinical symptoms. There is no ... ...

    Abstract Abstract Background ADHD is currently defined as a cognitive/behavioral developmental disorder where all clinical criteria are behavioral. Overactivity, impulsiveness, and inattentiveness are presently regarded as the main clinical symptoms. There is no biological marker, but there is considerable evidence to suggest that ADHD behavior is associated with poor dopaminergic and noradrenergic modulation of neuronal circuits that involve the frontal lobes. The best validated animal model of ADHD, the Spontaneously Hypertensive Rat (SHR), shows pronounced overactivity, impulsiveness, and deficient sustained attention. While dopamine release is decreased in SHR prefrontal cortex, norepinephrine concentrations are elevated. The noradrenergic system appears to be hyperactive as a result of impaired alpha-2A adrenoceptor regulation. Thus, the present study tested behavioral effects of the centrally acting alpha-2A adrenoceptor agonist guanfacine on SHR behavior. Methods The present study tested behavioral effects of guanfacine at doses of 0.075, 0.15, 0.30 and 0.60 mg base/kg i.p. in both male SHRs and their controls, the Wistar Kyoto rat (WKY). ADHD-like behavior was tested with a visual discrimination task measuring overactivity, impulsiveness and inattentiveness. Results The striking impulsiveness, overactivity, and reduced sustained attention during baseline conditions in the SHR improved by treatment with guanfacine. The most pronounced improvement in SHR behavior was seen following the two highest doses (0.3 and 0.6 mg/kg) of guanfacine when SHR behaviors virtually normalized. The positive effects of the drug were most marked towards the end of the session. Conclusion The results indicate that guanfacine improved poor noradrenergic modulation of neuronal circuits that involve the frontal lobes in an animal model of ADHD. The present results support the beneficial effects of guanfacine on ADHD behavior reported clinically and experimentally in primate models of frontal function. It is likely that guanfacine improved prefrontal functions in the SHR. It cannot be concluded, however, that the effects of the drug are mediated solely by norepinephrine.
    Keywords Neurology. Diseases of the nervous system ; RC346-429 ; Neurosciences. Biological psychiatry. Neuropsychiatry ; RC321-571 ; Internal medicine ; RC31-1245 ; Medicine ; R ; DOAJ:Neurology ; DOAJ:Medicine (General) ; DOAJ:Health Sciences
    Subject code 150
    Language English
    Publishing date 2006-12-01T00:00:00Z
    Publisher BioMed Central
    Document type Article ; Online
    Database BASE - Bielefeld Academic Search Engine (life sciences selection)

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  7. Article ; Online: Behavioral and Brain Functions. A new journal

    Sagvolden Terje

    Behavioral and Brain Functions, Vol 1, Iss 1, p

    2005  Volume 1

    Abstract: Abstract Behavioral and Brain Functions ( BBF ) is an Open Access, peer-reviewed, online journal considering original research, review, and modeling articles in all aspects of neurobiology or behavior, favoring research that relates to both domains. ... ...

    Abstract Abstract Behavioral and Brain Functions ( BBF ) is an Open Access, peer-reviewed, online journal considering original research, review, and modeling articles in all aspects of neurobiology or behavior, favoring research that relates to both domains. Behavioral and Brain Functions is published by BioMed Central. The greatest challenge for empirical science is to understand human behavior; how human behavior arises from the myriad functions such as attention, language, memory and emotion; how these functions are reflected in brain structures and functions; and how the brain and behavior are altered in disease. Behavioral and Brain Functions covers the entire area of behavioral and cognitive neuroscience – an area where animal studies traditionally play a prominent role. Behavioral and Brain Functions is published online, allowing unlimited space for figures, extensive datasets to allow readers to study the data for themselves, and moving pictures, which are important qualities assisting communication in modern science.
    Keywords Neurology. Diseases of the nervous system ; RC346-429 ; Neurosciences. Biological psychiatry. Neuropsychiatry ; RC321-571 ; Internal medicine ; RC31-1245 ; Medicine ; R ; DOAJ:Neurology ; DOAJ:Medicine (General) ; DOAJ:Health Sciences
    Subject code 501
    Language English
    Publishing date 2005-04-01T00:00:00Z
    Publisher BioMed Central
    Document type Article ; Online
    Database BASE - Bielefeld Academic Search Engine (life sciences selection)

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  8. Article: Attention Deficit/Hyperactivity Disorder

    Sagvolden, Terje

    European Psychologist

    2006  Volume 4, Issue 2

    Institution Department of Physiology Norway
    Publishing date 2006-09-01
    Document type Article
    ZDB-ID 2090869-6
    ISSN 1878-531X ; 1016-9040 ; 1016-9040
    ISSN (online) 1878-531X
    ISSN 1016-9040
    DOI 10.1027//1016-9040.4.2.109
    Database Hogrefe publisher's database

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  9. Article: Rat models of ADHD.

    Sagvolden, Terje / Johansen, Espen Borgå

    Current topics in behavioral neurosciences

    2012  Volume 9, Page(s) 301–315

    Abstract: Showing that an animal is hyperactive is not sufficient for it to be accepted as a model of ADHD. Based on behavioral, genetic, and neurobiological data, the spontaneously hypertensive rat (SHR) obtained from Charles River, Germany, (SHR/NCrl) is at ... ...

    Abstract Showing that an animal is hyperactive is not sufficient for it to be accepted as a model of ADHD. Based on behavioral, genetic, and neurobiological data, the spontaneously hypertensive rat (SHR) obtained from Charles River, Germany, (SHR/NCrl) is at present the best-validated animal model of ADHD. One Wistar Kyoto substrain (WKY/NHsd), obtained from Harlan, UK, is its most appropriate control. Another WKY substrain (WKY/NCrl) obtained from Charles River, Germany, is inattentive, has distinctly different genetics and neurobiology, and provides a promising model for the predominantly inattentive subtype of ADHD (ADHD-I) if one wants to investigate categorical ADHD subtypes. In this case, also, the WKY/NHsd substrain should be used as control. Although other rat strains may behave like WKY/NHsd rats, neurobiological results indicate significant differences when compared to the WKY/NHsd substrain, making them less suitable as controls for the SHR/NCrl. Thus, there are no obvious behavioral differences among the various SHRs, but there are behavioral and neurobiological differences among the WKY strains. The use of WKY/NCrl, outbred Wistar, Sprague Dawley, or other rat strains as controls for SHR/NCrl may produce spurious neurobiological effects and erroneous conclusions. Finally, model data yield support to independent hyperactivity and inattention dimensions in ADHD behavior.
    MeSH term(s) Animals ; Attention Deficit Disorder with Hyperactivity/genetics ; Attention Deficit Disorder with Hyperactivity/physiopathology ; Disease Models, Animal ; Rats ; Species Specificity
    Language English
    Publishing date 2012
    Publishing country Germany
    Document type Journal Article ; Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't
    ISSN 1866-3370
    ISSN 1866-3370
    DOI 10.1007/7854_2011_126
    Database MEDical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System OnLINE

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  10. Article: The four causes of ADHD: a framework.

    Killeen, Peter R / Tannock, Rosemary / Sagvolden, Terje

    Current topics in behavioral neurosciences

    2012  Volume 9, Page(s) 391–425

    Abstract: In addition to the symptoms singled out by the diagnostic criteria for Attention-Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder (ADHD), a comprehensive definition should inform us of the events that trigger ADHD in both its acute and chronic manifestations; the ... ...

    Abstract In addition to the symptoms singled out by the diagnostic criteria for Attention-Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder (ADHD), a comprehensive definition should inform us of the events that trigger ADHD in both its acute and chronic manifestations; the neurobiology that underlies it; and the evolutionary forces that have kept it in the germ line of our species. These factors are organized in terms of Aristotle's four kinds of "causes," or explanations: formal, efficient, material, and final. This framework systematizes the nosology, biology, psychology, and evolutionary pressures that cause ADHD.
    MeSH term(s) Animals ; Attention Deficit Disorder with Hyperactivity/complications ; Attention Deficit Disorder with Hyperactivity/diagnosis ; Attention Deficit Disorder with Hyperactivity/etiology ; Attention Deficit Disorder with Hyperactivity/genetics ; Humans ; Neurobiology ; Signal Detection, Psychological
    Language English
    Publishing date 2012
    Publishing country Germany
    Document type Journal Article ; Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't ; Review
    ISSN 1866-3370
    ISSN 1866-3370
    DOI 10.1007/7854_2011_160
    Database MEDical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System OnLINE

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