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  1. Book ; Online ; E-Book: Clinical tuberculosis

    Friedman, Lloyd N. / Dedicoat, Martin / Davies, Peter D.O.

    2020  

    Author's details edited by Lloyd N. Friedman, Martin Dedicoat, Peter D. O. Davies
    Keywords Electronic books
    Language English
    Size 1 Online-Ressource (xix, 447 Seiten), Illustrationen, Diagramme
    Edition Sixth edition
    Publisher CRC Press, Taylor & Francis Group
    Publishing place Boca Raton
    Publishing country United States
    Document type Book ; Online ; E-Book
    Remark Zugriff für angemeldete ZB MED-Nutzerinnen und -Nutzer
    HBZ-ID HT020566343
    ISBN 978-1-351-24996-6 ; 9780815370239 ; 1-351-24996-7 ; 0815370237
    Database ZB MED Catalogue: Medicine, Health, Nutrition, Environment, Agriculture

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  2. Article ; Online: Factors influencing medium- and long-term occupational impact following COVID-19.

    O'Sullivan, O / Houston, A / Ladlow, P / Barker-Davies, R M / Chamley, R / Bennett, A N / Nicol, E D / Holdsworth, D A

    Occupational medicine (Oxford, England)

    2023  Volume 74, Issue 1, Page(s) 53–62

    Abstract: Background: Significant numbers of individuals struggle to return to work following acute coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19). The UK Military developed an integrated medical and occupational pathway (Defence COVID-19 Recovery Service, DCRS) to ensure ... ...

    Abstract Background: Significant numbers of individuals struggle to return to work following acute coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19). The UK Military developed an integrated medical and occupational pathway (Defence COVID-19 Recovery Service, DCRS) to ensure safe return to work for those with initially severe disease or persistent COVID-19 sequalae. Medical deployment status (MDS) is used to determine ability to perform job role without restriction ('fully deployable', FD) or with limitations ('medically downgraded', MDG).
    Aims: To identify which variables differ between those who are FD and MDG 6 months after acute COVID-19. Within the downgraded cohort, a secondary aim is to understand which early factors are associated with persistent downgrading at 12 and 18 months.
    Methods: Individuals undergoing DCRS had comprehensive clinical assessment. Following this, their electronic medical records were reviewed and MDS extracted at 6, 12 and 18 months. Fifty-seven predictors taken from DCRS were analysed. Associations were sought between initial and prolonged MDG.
    Results: Three hundred and twenty-five participants were screened, with 222 included in the initial analysis. Those who were initially downgraded were more likely to have post-acute shortness of breath (SoB), fatigue and exercise intolerance (objective and subjective), cognitive impairment and report mental health symptoms. The presence of fatigue and SoB, cognitive impairment and mental health symptoms was associated with MDG at 12 months, and the latter two, at 18 months. There were also modest associations between cardiopulmonary function and sustained downgrading.
    Conclusions: Understanding the factors that are associated with initial and sustained inability to return to work allows individualized, targeted interventions to be utilized.
    MeSH term(s) Humans ; COVID-19 ; Mental Disorders ; Fatigue/etiology ; Mental Health
    Language English
    Publishing date 2023-06-09
    Publishing country England
    Document type Journal Article
    ZDB-ID 1103950-4
    ISSN 1471-8405 ; 0962-7480
    ISSN (online) 1471-8405
    ISSN 0962-7480
    DOI 10.1093/occmed/kqad041
    Database MEDical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System OnLINE

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  3. Article ; Online: Changing characteristics of post-COVID-19 syndrome: Cross-sectional findings from 458 consultations using the Stanford Hall remote rehabilitation assessment tool.

    Houston, Andrew / Tovey, C / Rogers-Smith, K / Thompson, K / Ladlow, P / Barker-Davies, R / Bahadur, S / Goodall, D / Gough, M / Norman, J / Phillip, R / Turner, P / Cranley, M / O'Sullivan, O

    BMJ military health

    2023  

    Abstract: ... in wave 2 (p<0.001). Postacutely, there was increased anxiety (p=0.10) in wave 1 and increased ... sleep disturbance (p<0.001), memory/concentration issues (p<0.001) and shortness of breath/cough (p=0.017) in wave 2 ... Increasing alert level was associated with increased postacute symptom prevalence (p=0.046 ...

    Abstract Background: In the UK, there have been multiple waves of COVID-19, with a five-tier alert system created to describe the transmission rate and appropriate restrictions. While acute mortality decreased, there continued to be a significant morbidity, with individuals suffering from persistent, life-restricting symptoms for months to years afterwards. A remote rehabilitation tool was created at the Defence Medical Rehabilitation Centre (DMRC) Stanford Hall to assess post-COVID-19 symptoms and their impact on the UK military.This study aims to understand changes in post-COVID-19 syndrome between wave 1 and wave 2, identify interactions between alert level and symptoms and investigate any predictive nature of acute symptoms for postacute symptomology in a young, physically active population.
    Methods: Cross-sectional study of 458 consecutive remote rehabilitation assessments performed at DMRC Stanford Hall between 2 April 2020 and 29 July 2021. Consultations were coded, anonymised, and statistical analysis was performed to determine associations between acute and postacute symptoms, and between symptoms, alert levels and waves.
    Results: 435 assessments were eligible; 174 in wave 1 and 261 in wave 2. Post-COVID-19 syndrome prevalence reduced from 43% to 2% between the waves. Acutely, widespread pain was more prevalent in wave 2 (p<0.001). Postacutely, there was increased anxiety (p=0.10) in wave 1 and increased sleep disturbance (p<0.001), memory/concentration issues (p<0.001) and shortness of breath/cough (p=0.017) in wave 2. Increasing alert level was associated with increased postacute symptom prevalence (p=0.046), with sleep disturbance increasing at higher alert level (p=0.016). Acute symptoms, including fatigue, sleep disturbance and myalgia, were associated with multiple postacute symptoms.
    Conclusions: This study reports the overall prevalence and symptom burden in the UK military in the first two waves of COVID-19. By reporting differences in COVID-19 in different waves and alert level, this study highlights the importance of careful assessment and contextual understanding of acute and postacute illnesses for individual management plans.
    Language English
    Publishing date 2023-01-26
    Publishing country England
    Document type Journal Article
    ZDB-ID 3011686-7
    ISSN 2633-3775 ; 2633-3767
    ISSN (online) 2633-3775
    ISSN 2633-3767
    DOI 10.1136/military-2022-002248
    Database MEDical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System OnLINE

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  4. Book ; Online: Improved Distributed Algorithms for the Lov\'asz Local Lemma and Edge Coloring

    Davies, Peter

    2022  

    Abstract: ... complexity to $O(\frac{d}{\log d}+\log^{O(1)}\log n)$. At the other end of the trade-off, we obtain a $\log^ ... log^2 n)$ rounds. For instances with low $d$, this was improved to $O(d^2+\log^{O(1)}\log n)$ by Fischer ... of all but $d$ other events, then under certain criteria on $p$ and $d$, all of the bad events can be avoided ...

    Abstract The Lov\'asz Local Lemma is a classic result in probability theory that is often used to prove the existence of combinatorial objects via the probabilistic method. In its simplest form, it states that if we have $n$ `bad events', each of which occurs with probability at most $p$ and is independent of all but $d$ other events, then under certain criteria on $p$ and $d$, all of the bad events can be avoided with positive probability. While the original proof was existential, there has been much study on the algorithmic Lov\'asz Local Lemma: that is, designing an algorithm which finds an assignment of the underlying random variables such that all the bad events are indeed avoided. Notably, the celebrated result of Moser and Tardos [JACM '10] also implied an efficient distributed algorithm for the problem, running in $O(\log^2 n)$ rounds. For instances with low $d$, this was improved to $O(d^2+\log^{O(1)}\log n)$ by Fischer and Ghaffari [DISC '17], a result that has proven highly important in distributed complexity theory (Chang and Pettie [SICOMP '19]). We give an improved algorithm for the Lov\'asz Local Lemma, providing a trade-off between the strength of the criterion relating $p$ and $d$, and the distributed round complexity. In particular, in the same regime as Fischer and Ghaffari's algorithm, we improve the round complexity to $O(\frac{d}{\log d}+\log^{O(1)}\log n)$. At the other end of the trade-off, we obtain a $\log^{O(1)}\log n$ round complexity for a substantially wider regime than previously known. As our main application, we also give the first $\log^{O(1)}\log n$-round distributed algorithm for the problem of $\Delta+o(\Delta)$-edge coloring a graph of maximum degree $\Delta$. This is an almost exponential improvement over previous results: no prior $\log^{o(1)} n$-round algorithm was known even for $2\Delta-2$-edge coloring.
    Keywords Computer Science - Distributed ; Parallel ; and Cluster Computing ; Computer Science - Data Structures and Algorithms
    Subject code 005
    Publishing date 2022-08-18
    Publishing country us
    Document type Book ; Online
    Database BASE - Bielefeld Academic Search Engine (life sciences selection)

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  5. Article ; Online: How long is Long-COVID? Symptomatic improvement between 12 and 18 months in a prospective cohort study.

    Barker-Davies, Robert M / O'Sullivan, O / Holdsworth, D A / Ladlow, P / Houston, A / Chamley, R / Greenhalgh, A / Nicol, E D / Bennett, A N

    BMJ military health

    2023  

    Abstract: ... significantly different to controls (ES <0.13, p=0.292). Remaining PROMs lost significant difference by 18 ... point (F=1.96, p=0.167). At 5 and 12 months, exposed participants recorded significantly lower distances ...

    Abstract Introduction: COVID-19 infection can precede, in a proportion of patients, a prolonged syndrome including fatigue, exercise intolerance, mood and cognitive problems. This study aimed to describe the profile of fatigue-related, exercise-related, mood-related and cognitive-related outcomes in a COVID-19-exposed group compared with controls.
    Methods: 113 serving UK Armed Forces participants were followed up at 5, 12 (n=88) and 18 months (n=70) following COVID-19. At 18 months, 56 were in the COVID-19-exposed group with 14 matched controls. Exposed participants included hospitalised (n=25) and community (n=31) managed participants. 43 described at least one of the six most frequent symptoms at 5 months: fatigue, shortness of breath, chest pain, joint pain, exercise intolerance and anosmia. Participants completed a symptom checklist, patient-reported outcome measures (PROMs), the National Institute for Health cognitive battery and a 6-minute walk test (6MWT). PROMs included the Fatigue Assessment Scale (FAS), Generalised Anxiety Disorder-7 (GAD-7), Patient Health Questionnaire-9 (PHQ-9) and Patient Checklist-5 (PCL-5) for post-traumatic stress.
    Results: At 5 and 12 months, exposed participants presented with higher PHQ-9, PCL-5 and FAS scores than controls (ES (effect size) ≥0.25, p≤0.04). By 12 months, GAD-7 was not significantly different to controls (ES <0.13, p=0.292). Remaining PROMs lost significant difference by 18 months (ES ≤0.11, p≥0.28). No significant differences in the cognitive scales were observed at any time point (F=1.96, p=0.167). At 5 and 12 months, exposed participants recorded significantly lower distances on the 6MWT (η
    Conclusions: This prospective cohort-controlled study observed adverse outcomes in depression, post-traumatic stress, fatigue and submaximal exercise performance up to 12 months but improved by 18-month follow-up, in participants exposed to COVID-19 compared with a matched control group.
    Language English
    Publishing date 2023-10-03
    Publishing country England
    Document type Journal Article
    ZDB-ID 3011686-7
    ISSN 2633-3775 ; 2633-3767
    ISSN (online) 2633-3775
    ISSN 2633-3767
    DOI 10.1136/military-2023-002500
    Database MEDical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System OnLINE

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  6. Article ; Online: Use of symptom-guided physical activity and exercise rehabilitation for COVID-19 and other postviral conditions.

    Ladlow, Peter / Barker-Davies, R / Hill, O / Conway, D / O'Sullivan, O

    BMJ military health

    2023  

    Abstract: There are many similarities in symptoms between postviral conditions, including clinical features such as fatigue, reduced daily activity and postexertional symptom exacerbation. Unfavourable responses to exercise have influenced the wider debate on how ... ...

    Abstract There are many similarities in symptoms between postviral conditions, including clinical features such as fatigue, reduced daily activity and postexertional symptom exacerbation. Unfavourable responses to exercise have influenced the wider debate on how to reintegrate physical activity (PA) and exercise while simultaneously managing symptoms during recovery from post-COVID-19 syndrome (or Long COVID). This has resulted in inconsistent advice from the scientific and clinical rehabilitation community on how and when to resume PA and exercise following COVID-19 illness. This article provides commentary on the following topics: (1) controversies surrounding graded exercise therapy as a treatment modality for post-COVID-19 rehabilitation; (2) evidence supporting PA promotion, resistance exercise and cardiorespiratory fitness for population health, and the consequences of physical inactivity in patients with complex rehabilitation needs; (3) population-based challenges for UK Defence Rehabilitation practitioners for the management of postviral conditions; and (4) 'symptom guided PA and exercise rehabilitation' as an appropriate treatment option for managing individuals with multifaceted medical needs.
    Language English
    Publishing date 2023-05-03
    Publishing country England
    Document type Editorial
    ZDB-ID 3011686-7
    ISSN 2633-3775 ; 2633-3767
    ISSN (online) 2633-3775
    ISSN 2633-3767
    DOI 10.1136/military-2023-002399
    Database MEDical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System OnLINE

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  7. Article ; Online: The effects of short-term, progressive exercise training on disease activity in smouldering multiple myeloma and monoclonal gammopathy of undetermined significance: a single-arm pilot study.

    Emery, A / Moore, S / Crowe, J / Murray, J / Peacock, O / Thompson, D / Betts, F / Rapps, S / Ross, L / Rothschild-Rodriguez, D / Arana Echarri, A / Davies, R / Lewis, R / Augustine, D X / Whiteway, A / Afzal, Z / Heaney, Jlj / Drayson, M T / Turner, J E /
    Campbell, J P

    BMC cancer

    2024  Volume 24, Issue 1, Page(s) 174

    Abstract: Background: High levels of physical activity are associated with reduced risk of the blood cancer multiple myeloma (MM). MM is preceded by the asymptomatic stages of monoclonal gammopathy of undetermined significance (MGUS) and smouldering multiple ... ...

    Abstract Background: High levels of physical activity are associated with reduced risk of the blood cancer multiple myeloma (MM). MM is preceded by the asymptomatic stages of monoclonal gammopathy of undetermined significance (MGUS) and smouldering multiple myeloma (SMM) which are clinically managed by watchful waiting. A case study (N = 1) of a former elite athlete aged 44 years previously indicated that a multi-modal exercise programme reversed SMM disease activity. To build from this prior case study, the present pilot study firstly examined if short-term exercise training was feasible and safe for a group of MGUS and SMM patients, and secondly investigated the effects on MGUS/SMM disease activity.
    Methods: In this single-arm pilot study, N = 20 participants diagnosed with MGUS or SMM were allocated to receive a 16-week progressive exercise programme. Primary outcome measures were feasibility and safety. Secondary outcomes were pre- to post-exercise training changes to blood biomarkers of MGUS and SMM disease activity- monoclonal (M)-protein and free light chains (FLC)- plus cardiorespiratory and functional fitness, body composition, quality of life, blood immunophenotype, and blood biomarkers of inflammation.
    Results: Fifteen (3 MGUS and 12 SMM) participants completed the exercise programme. Adherence was 91 ± 11%. Compliance was 75 ± 25% overall, with a notable decline in compliance at intensities > 70% V̇O
    Conclusions: A 16-week progressive exercise programme was feasible and safe, but did not reverse MGUS/SMM disease activity, contrasting a prior case study showing that five years of exercise training reversed SMM in a 44-year-old former athlete. Longer exercise interventions should be explored in a group of MGUS/SMM patients, with measurements of disease biomarkers, along with rates of disease progression (i.e., MGUS/SMM to MM).
    Registration: https://www.isrctn.com/ISRCTN65527208 (14/05/2018).
    MeSH term(s) Humans ; Adult ; Monoclonal Gammopathy of Undetermined Significance/therapy ; Monoclonal Gammopathy of Undetermined Significance/diagnosis ; Multiple Myeloma/diagnosis ; Pilot Projects ; Quality of Life ; Paraproteinemias ; Smoldering Multiple Myeloma ; Disease Progression ; Biomarkers ; Exercise
    Chemical Substances Biomarkers
    Language English
    Publishing date 2024-02-05
    Publishing country England
    Document type Journal Article
    ZDB-ID 2041352-X
    ISSN 1471-2407 ; 1471-2407
    ISSN (online) 1471-2407
    ISSN 1471-2407
    DOI 10.1186/s12885-024-11817-6
    Database MEDical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System OnLINE

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  8. Article ; Online: Cardiopulmonary exercise testing excludes significant disease in patients recovering from COVID-19.

    Holdsworth, D A / Barker-Davies, R M / Chamley, R R / O'Sullivan, O / Ladlow, P / May, S / Houston, A D / Mulae, J / Xie, C / Cranley, M / Sellon, E / Naylor, J / Halle, M / Parati, G / Davos, C / Rider, O J / Bennett, A B / Nicol, E D

    BMJ military health

    2022  

    Abstract: Objective: Post-COVID-19 syndrome presents a health and economic challenge affecting ~10% of patients recovering from COVID-19. Accurate assessment of patients with post-COVID-19 syndrome is complicated by health anxiety and coincident symptomatic ... ...

    Abstract Objective: Post-COVID-19 syndrome presents a health and economic challenge affecting ~10% of patients recovering from COVID-19. Accurate assessment of patients with post-COVID-19 syndrome is complicated by health anxiety and coincident symptomatic autonomic dysfunction. We sought to determine whether either symptoms or objective cardiopulmonary exercise testing could predict clinically significant findings.
    Methods: 113 consecutive military patients were assessed in a comprehensive clinical pathway. This included symptom reporting, history, examination, spirometry, echocardiography and cardiopulmonary exercise testing (CPET) in all, with chest CT, dual-energy CT pulmonary angiography and cardiac MRI where indicated. Symptoms, CPET findings and presence/absence of significant pathology were reviewed. Data were analysed to identify diagnostic strategies that may be used to exclude significant disease.
    Results: 7/113 (6%) patients had clinically significant disease adjudicated by cardiothoracic multidisciplinary team (MDT). These patients had reduced fitness (V̇O
    Conclusions: In a population recovering from SARS-CoV-2, there is reassuringly little organ pathology. CPET and functional capacity testing, but not reported symptoms, permit the exclusion of clinically significant disease.
    Language English
    Publishing date 2022-11-28
    Publishing country England
    Document type Journal Article
    ZDB-ID 3011686-7
    ISSN 2633-3775 ; 2633-3767
    ISSN (online) 2633-3775
    ISSN 2633-3767
    DOI 10.1136/military-2022-002193
    Database MEDical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System OnLINE

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  9. Article: A Multiplexing Activity-Based Protein-Profiling Platform for Dissection of a Native Bacterial Xyloglucan-Degrading System.

    McGregor, Nicholas G S / de Boer, Casper / Foucart, Quentin P O / Beenakker, Thomas / Offen, Wendy A / Codée, Jeroen D C / Willems, Lianne I / Overkleeft, Herman S / Davies, Gideon J

    ACS central science

    2023  Volume 9, Issue 12, Page(s) 2306–2314

    Abstract: Bacteria and yeasts grow on biomass polysaccharides by expressing and excreting a complex array of glycoside hydrolase (GH) enzymes. Identification and annotation of such GH pools, which are valuable commodities for sustainable energy and chemistries, by ...

    Abstract Bacteria and yeasts grow on biomass polysaccharides by expressing and excreting a complex array of glycoside hydrolase (GH) enzymes. Identification and annotation of such GH pools, which are valuable commodities for sustainable energy and chemistries, by conventional means (genomics, proteomics) are complicated, as primary sequence or secondary structure alignment with known active enzymes is not always predictive for new ones. Here we report a "low-tech", easy-to-use, and sensitive multiplexing activity-based protein-profiling platform to characterize the xyloglucan-degrading GH system excreted by the soil saprophyte,
    Language English
    Publishing date 2023-11-24
    Publishing country United States
    Document type Journal Article
    ISSN 2374-7943
    ISSN 2374-7943
    DOI 10.1021/acscentsci.3c00831
    Database MEDical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System OnLINE

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  10. Article ; Online: Executive summary: Consensus treatment guidelines for the use of methotrexate for inflammatory skin disease in pediatric patients.

    Brandling-Bennett, Heather A / Arkin, Lisa M / Chiu, Yvonne E / Hebert, Adelaide A / Callen, Jeffrey P / Castelo-Soccio, Leslie / Co, Dominic O / Cordoro, Kelly M / Curran, Megan L / Dalrymple, Austin M / Flohr, Carsten / Gordon, Ken B / Hanna, Diane / Irvine, Alan D / Kim, Susan / Kirkorian, A Yasmine / Lara-Corrales, Irene / Lindstrom, Jill / Paller, Amy S /
    Reyes, Melissa / Begolka, Wendy Smith / Tom, Wynnis L / Van Voorhees, Abby S / Vleugels, Ruth Ann / Lee, Lara Wine / Davies, Olivia / Siegfried, Elaine C

    Journal of the American Academy of Dermatology

    2024  

    Language English
    Publishing date 2024-02-09
    Publishing country United States
    Document type Journal Article
    ZDB-ID 603641-7
    ISSN 1097-6787 ; 0190-9622
    ISSN (online) 1097-6787
    ISSN 0190-9622
    DOI 10.1016/j.jaad.2023.12.074
    Database MEDical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System OnLINE

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