Article ; Online: Surveillance to Track Progress Toward Polio Eradication - Worldwide, 2020-2021.
MMWR. Morbidity and mortality weekly report
2022 Volume 71, Issue 15, Page(s) 538–544
Abstract: Since the Global Polio Eradication Initiative (GPEI) was established in 1988, the number of reported poliomyelitis cases worldwide has declined by approximately 99.99%. By the end of 2021, wild poliovirus (WPV) remained endemic in only two countries ( ... ...
Abstract | Since the Global Polio Eradication Initiative (GPEI) was established in 1988, the number of reported poliomyelitis cases worldwide has declined by approximately 99.99%. By the end of 2021, wild poliovirus (WPV) remained endemic in only two countries (Pakistan and Afghanistan). However, a WPV type 1 (WPV1) case with paralysis onset in 2021, was reported by Malawi a year after the World Health Organization (WHO) African Region (AFR) was certified as WPV-free and circulating vaccine-derived poliovirus (cVDPV) cases were reported from 31 countries during 2020-2021 (1,2). cVDPVs are oral poliovirus vaccine-derived viruses that can emerge after prolonged circulation in populations with low immunity and cause paralysis. The primary means of detecting poliovirus transmission is through surveillance for acute flaccid paralysis (AFP) among persons aged <15 years, with confirmation through stool specimen testing by WHO-accredited laboratories, supplemented by systematic sampling of sewage and testing for the presence of poliovirus (environmental surveillance). The COVID-19 pandemic caused disruptions in polio vaccination and surveillance activities across WHO regions in 2020; during January-September 2020, the number of reported cases of AFP declined and the interval between stool collection and receipt by laboratories increased compared with the same period in 2019 (3). This report summarizes surveillance performance indicators for 2020 and 2021 in 43 priority countries* and updates previous reports (4). In 2021, a total of 32 (74%) priority countries |
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MeSH term(s) | COVID-19 ; Disease Eradication ; Global Health ; Humans ; Immunization Programs ; Pandemics ; Paralysis/epidemiology ; Poliomyelitis/diagnosis ; Poliomyelitis/epidemiology ; Poliomyelitis/prevention & control ; Poliovirus ; Poliovirus Vaccine, Oral ; Population Surveillance ; alpha-Fetoproteins |
Chemical Substances | Poliovirus Vaccine, Oral ; alpha-Fetoproteins |
Language | English |
Publishing date | 2022-04-15 |
Publishing country | United States |
Document type | Journal Article |
ZDB-ID | 412775-4 |
ISSN | 1545-861X ; 0149-2195 |
ISSN (online) | 1545-861X |
ISSN | 0149-2195 |
DOI | 10.15585/mmwr.mm7115a2 |
Database | MEDical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System OnLINE |
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