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  1. Article ; Online: Defining Optimal Settings for Lung Cryobiopsy in End-Stage Pulmonary Disease. A Human, Ex Vivo, Diseased Lung Clinical Trial.

    Menezes, Vanessa / Pollock, Clare / Ferraro, Pasquale / Nasir, Basil / Leduc, Charles / Morisset, Julie / Liberman, Moishe

    Journal of bronchology & interventional pulmonology

    2024  Volume 31, Issue 2, Page(s) 188–198

    Abstract: Background: To evaluate optimal settings of probe size, freezing time, and distance to the pleura that influence the size and quality of biopsy specimens during transbronchial lung cryobiopsies in ESPD.: Methods: We prospectively recruited 17 ... ...

    Abstract Background: To evaluate optimal settings of probe size, freezing time, and distance to the pleura that influence the size and quality of biopsy specimens during transbronchial lung cryobiopsies in ESPD.
    Methods: We prospectively recruited 17 patients undergoing lung transplantation. We created a nonperfused ex vivo bronchoscopy setting to perform multiple cryobiopsies with different probe sizes (1.7, 1.9, and 2.4 mm), freezing times (3, 5, 7, 10, 20, 30 seconds), and probe distance from pleura (5, 10, and 20 mm). Alveolated pulmonary parenchyma area≥50% in histology was considered a good quality biopsy, with a minimum procedural artifact. We used logistic regression to identify independent parameters as risk factors for histologic adequacy.
    Results: A total of 545 cryobiopsies were obtained from 34 explanted lungs after pneumonectomy for lung transplantation. The mean maximum diameter of the specimen achieved with the 1.7 probe was larger (13.5 mm) than those obtained with 1.9 and 2.4 mm probes (11.3 and 10.7 mm, P= 0.07). More pleural macroscopic damage and pleural tissue in histology occurred with the 2.4 mm probe ( P <0.001). There was no difference in the quality of specimens between the different freezing times and the distance from the pleura.
    Conclusions: Freezing time and distance from the pleura did not affect the histologic quality for diagnosing ESPD in severely damaged lungs. Smaller cryoprobe size did not negatively affect sample adequacy.
    MeSH term(s) Humans ; Lung/surgery ; Lung/pathology ; Biopsy/adverse effects ; Pleura/surgery ; Pleura/pathology ; Lung Transplantation ; Bronchoscopy/adverse effects ; Lung Diseases/pathology ; Cryosurgery/adverse effects
    Language English
    Publishing date 2024-04-01
    Publishing country United States
    Document type Journal Article
    ZDB-ID 2478320-1
    ISSN 1948-8270 ; 1944-6586
    ISSN (online) 1948-8270
    ISSN 1944-6586
    DOI 10.1097/LBR.0000000000000948
    Database MEDical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System OnLINE

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    In stock of ZB MED Cologne/Königswinter

    Zs.A 4027: Show issues Location:
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  2. Article: The metabolic conditioning of obesity: A review of the pathogenesis of obesity and the epigenetic pathways that "program" obesity from conception.

    Rajamoorthi, Ananthi / LeDuc, Charles A / Thaker, Vidhu V

    Frontiers in endocrinology

    2022  Volume 13, Page(s) 1032491

    Abstract: Understanding the developmental origins of health and disease is integral to overcome the global tide of obesity and its metabolic consequences, including atherosclerotic cardiovascular disease, type 2 diabetes, hyperlipidemia, and nonalcoholic fatty ... ...

    Abstract Understanding the developmental origins of health and disease is integral to overcome the global tide of obesity and its metabolic consequences, including atherosclerotic cardiovascular disease, type 2 diabetes, hyperlipidemia, and nonalcoholic fatty liver disease. The rising prevalence of obesity has been attributed, in part, to environmental factors including the globalization of the western diet and unhealthy lifestyle choices. In this review we argue that
    MeSH term(s) Pregnancy ; Female ; Child, Preschool ; Humans ; Diabetes Mellitus, Type 2/complications ; Obesity/genetics ; Epigenomics ; Adiposity ; Epigenesis, Genetic
    Language English
    Publishing date 2022-10-18
    Publishing country Switzerland
    Document type Journal Article ; Review ; Research Support, N.I.H., Extramural
    ZDB-ID 2592084-4
    ISSN 1664-2392
    ISSN 1664-2392
    DOI 10.3389/fendo.2022.1032491
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  3. Article ; Online: Neurodevelopmental Programming of Adiposity: Contributions to Obesity Risk.

    Skowronski, Alicja A / Leibel, Rudolph L / LeDuc, Charles A

    Endocrine reviews

    2023  Volume 45, Issue 2, Page(s) 253–280

    Abstract: This review analyzes the published evidence regarding maternal factors that influence the developmental programming of long-term adiposity in humans and animals via the central nervous system (CNS). We describe the physiological outcomes of perinatal ... ...

    Abstract This review analyzes the published evidence regarding maternal factors that influence the developmental programming of long-term adiposity in humans and animals via the central nervous system (CNS). We describe the physiological outcomes of perinatal underfeeding and overfeeding and explore potential mechanisms that may mediate the impact of such exposures on the development of feeding circuits within the CNS-including the influences of metabolic hormones and epigenetic changes. The perinatal environment, reflective of maternal nutritional status, contributes to the programming of offspring adiposity. The in utero and early postnatal periods represent critically sensitive developmental windows during which the hormonal and metabolic milieu affects the maturation of the hypothalamus. Maternal hyperglycemia is associated with increased transfer of glucose to the fetus driving fetal hyperinsulinemia. Elevated fetal insulin causes increased adiposity and consequently higher fetal circulating leptin concentration. Mechanistic studies in animal models indicate important roles of leptin and insulin in central and peripheral programming of adiposity, and suggest that optimal concentrations of these hormones are critical during early life. Additionally, the environmental milieu during development may be conveyed to progeny through epigenetic marks and these can potentially be vertically transmitted to subsequent generations. Thus, nutritional and metabolic/endocrine signals during perinatal development can have lifelong (and possibly multigenerational) impacts on offspring body weight regulation.
    MeSH term(s) Pregnancy ; Animals ; Female ; Humans ; Leptin/metabolism ; Adiposity/physiology ; Obesity/metabolism ; Maternal Nutritional Physiological Phenomena/physiology ; Insulin/metabolism ; Prenatal Exposure Delayed Effects
    Chemical Substances Leptin ; Insulin
    Language English
    Publishing date 2023-11-16
    Publishing country United States
    Document type Review ; Journal Article
    ZDB-ID 603096-8
    ISSN 1945-7189 ; 0163-769X
    ISSN (online) 1945-7189
    ISSN 0163-769X
    DOI 10.1210/endrev/bnad031
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    Zs.A 1562: Show issues Location:
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  4. Article: The Role of Leptin in the Development of Energy Homeostatic Systems and the Maintenance of Body Weight.

    LeDuc, Charles A / Skowronski, Alicja A / Rosenbaum, Michael

    Frontiers in physiology

    2021  Volume 12, Page(s) 789519

    Abstract: ... ...

    Abstract LEP
    Language English
    Publishing date 2021-12-10
    Publishing country Switzerland
    Document type Journal Article ; Review
    ZDB-ID 2564217-0
    ISSN 1664-042X
    ISSN 1664-042X
    DOI 10.3389/fphys.2021.789519
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  5. Article ; Online: Transbronchial Lung Cryobiopsies, Transbronchial Forceps Lung Biopsies, and Surgical Lung Biopsies in Mechanically Ventilated Patients with Acute Hypoxemic Respiratory Failure: A Retrospective Cohort Study.

    Li, Qi / Lafrance, Dominique / Liberman, Moishe / Leduc, Charles / Charbonney, Emmanuel / Titova, Polina / Manganas, Hélène / Chassé, Michaël

    Journal of intensive care medicine

    2024  , Page(s) 8850666241247145

    Abstract: Importance: Lung biopsies are sometimes performed in mechanically ventilated patients with acute hypoxemic respiratory failure (AHRF) of unknown etiology to guide patient management. While surgical lung biopsies (SLB) offer high diagnostic rates, they ... ...

    Abstract Importance: Lung biopsies are sometimes performed in mechanically ventilated patients with acute hypoxemic respiratory failure (AHRF) of unknown etiology to guide patient management. While surgical lung biopsies (SLB) offer high diagnostic rates, they may also cause significant complications. Transbronchial forceps lung biopsies (TBLB) are less invasive but often produce non-contributive specimens. Transbronchial lung cryobiopsies (TBLC) yield specimens of potentially better quality than TBLB, but due to their novel implementation in the intensive care unit (ICU), their accuracy and safety are still unclear.
    Objectives: Our main objective was to evaluate the risk of adverse events in patients with AHRF following the three biopsy techniques. Our secondary objectives were to assess the diagnostic yield and associated modifications of patient management of each technique.
    Design, settings and participants: We conducted a retrospective cohort study comparing TBLC, TBLB, and SLB in mechanically ventilated patients with AHRF.
    Main outcomes and measures: The primary outcome was the proportion of patients with at least one complication, and secondary outcomes included complication rates, diagnostic yields, treatment modifications, and mortality.
    Results: Of the 26 patients who underwent lung biopsies from 2018 to 2022, all TBLC and SLB patients and 60% of TBLB patients had at least one complication. TBLC patients had higher unadjusted numbers of total and severe complications, but also worse Sequential Organ Failure Assessment scores and P/F ratios. A total of 25 biopsies (25/26, 96%) provided histopathological diagnoses, 88% (22/25) of which contributed to patient management. ICU mortality was high for all modalities (63% for TBLC, 60% for TBLB and 50% for SLB).
    Conclusions and relevance: All biopsy methods had high diagnostic yields and the great majority contributed to patient management; however, complication rates were elevated. Further research is needed to determine which patients may benefit from lung biopsies and to determine the best biopsy modality.
    Language English
    Publishing date 2024-04-22
    Publishing country United States
    Document type Journal Article
    ZDB-ID 632828-3
    ISSN 1525-1489 ; 0885-0666
    ISSN (online) 1525-1489
    ISSN 0885-0666
    DOI 10.1177/08850666241247145
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    Zs.A 2158: Show issues Location:
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  6. Article: Predicted loss of function alleles in Bassoon (BSN) are associated with obesity.

    Zhu, Na / LeDuc, Charles A / Fennoy, Ilene / Laferr Re, Blandine / Doege, Claudia A / Shen, Yufeng / Chung, Wendy K / Leibel, Rudolph L

    medRxiv : the preprint server for health sciences

    2023  

    Abstract: Bassoon ( ...

    Abstract Bassoon (
    Language English
    Publishing date 2023-02-23
    Publishing country United States
    Document type Preprint
    DOI 10.1101/2023.02.19.23285978
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  7. Article ; Online: Rare predicted loss of function alleles in Bassoon (BSN) are associated with obesity.

    Zhu, Na / LeDuc, Charles A / Fennoy, Ilene / Laferrère, Blandine / Doege, Claudia A / Shen, Yufeng / Chung, Wendy K / Leibel, Rudolph L

    NPJ genomic medicine

    2023  Volume 8, Issue 1, Page(s) 33

    Abstract: Bassoon (BSN) is a component of a hetero-dimeric presynaptic cytomatrix protein that orchestrates neurotransmitter release with Piccolo (PCLO) from glutamatergic neurons throughout the brain. Heterozygous missense variants in BSN have previously been ... ...

    Abstract Bassoon (BSN) is a component of a hetero-dimeric presynaptic cytomatrix protein that orchestrates neurotransmitter release with Piccolo (PCLO) from glutamatergic neurons throughout the brain. Heterozygous missense variants in BSN have previously been associated with neurodegenerative disorders in humans. We performed an exome-wide association analysis of ultra-rare variants in about 140,000 unrelated individuals from the UK Biobank to search for new genes associated with obesity. We found that rare heterozygous predicted loss of function (pLoF) variants in BSN are associated with higher BMI with p-value of 3.6e-12 in the UK biobank cohort. Additionally, we identified two individuals (one of whom has a de novo variant) with a heterozygous pLoF variant in a cohort of early onset or extreme obesity and report the clinical histories of these individuals with non-syndromic obesity with no history of neurobehavioral or cognitive disability. The BMI association was replicated in the All of Us whole genome sequencing data. Heterozygous pLoF BSN variants constitute a new etiology for obesity.
    Language English
    Publishing date 2023-10-21
    Publishing country England
    Document type Journal Article
    ZDB-ID 2813848-X
    ISSN 2056-7944 ; 2056-7944
    ISSN (online) 2056-7944
    ISSN 2056-7944
    DOI 10.1038/s41525-023-00376-7
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  8. Article: Automated Identification of Germline

    Shadrina, Mariya / Kalay, Özem / Demirkaya-Budak, Sinem / LeDuc, Charles A / Chung, Wendy K / Turgut, Deniz / Budak, Gungor / Arslan, Elif / Semenyuk, Vladimir / Davis-Dusenbery, Brandi / Seidman, Christine E / Yost, H Joseph / Jain, Amit / Gelb, Bruce D

    bioRxiv : the preprint server for biology

    2024  

    Abstract: Accurate identification of ... ...

    Abstract Accurate identification of germline
    Language English
    Publishing date 2024-03-13
    Publishing country United States
    Document type Preprint
    DOI 10.1101/2024.03.08.584100
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  9. Article ; Online: Misconceptions About Malignant Metamorphosis in Myxoma.

    Leduc, Charles / Maleszewski, Joseph J

    The Annals of thoracic surgery

    2016  Volume 102, Issue 5, Page(s) 1766

    MeSH term(s) Heart Neoplasms ; Humans ; Myxoma
    Language English
    Publishing date 2016
    Publishing country Netherlands
    Document type Letter ; Comment
    ZDB-ID 211007-6
    ISSN 1552-6259 ; 0003-4975
    ISSN (online) 1552-6259
    ISSN 0003-4975
    DOI 10.1016/j.athoracsur.2016.04.070
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    Zs.A 252: Show issues Location:
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  10. Article ; Online: Subsecond lung cancer detection within a heterogeneous background of normal and benign tissue using single-point Raman spectroscopy.

    Leblond, Frédéric / Dallaire, Frédérick / Tran, Trang / Yadav, Rajeev / Aubertin, Kelly / Goudie, Eric / Romeo, Philippe / Kent, Christopher / Leduc, Charles / Liberman, Moishe

    Journal of biomedical optics

    2023  Volume 28, Issue 9, Page(s) 90501

    Abstract: Significance: Lung cancer is the most frequently diagnosed cancer overall and the deadliest cancer in North America. Early diagnosis through current bronchoscopy techniques is limited by poor diagnostic yield and low specificity, especially for lesions ... ...

    Abstract Significance: Lung cancer is the most frequently diagnosed cancer overall and the deadliest cancer in North America. Early diagnosis through current bronchoscopy techniques is limited by poor diagnostic yield and low specificity, especially for lesions located in peripheral pulmonary locations. Even with the emergence of robotic-assisted platforms, bronchoscopy diagnostic yields remain below 80%.
    Aim: The aim of this study was to determine whether
    Approach: A Raman spectroscopy probe was used to measure the spectral fingerprint of normal, benign, and cancer lung tissue in 10 patients. Each interrogated specimen was characterized by histology to determine cancer type, i.e., small cell carcinoma or non-small cell carcinoma (adenocarcinoma and squamous cell carcinoma). Biomolecular information was extracted from the fingerprint spectra to identify biomolecular features that can be used for cancer detection.
    Results: Supervised machine learning models were trained using leave-one-patient-out cross-validation, showing lung cancer could be detected with a sensitivity of 94% and a specificity of 80%.
    Conclusions: This proof of concept demonstrates fingerprint Raman spectroscopy is a promising tool for the detection of lung cancer during diagnostic procedures and can capture biomolecular changes associated with the presence of cancer among a complex heterogeneous background within less than 1 s.
    MeSH term(s) Humans ; Spectrum Analysis, Raman ; Lung Neoplasms/diagnostic imaging ; Adenocarcinoma ; Carcinoma, Squamous Cell ; Lung/diagnostic imaging
    Language English
    Publishing date 2023-09-09
    Publishing country United States
    Document type Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't ; Letter
    ZDB-ID 1309154-2
    ISSN 1560-2281 ; 1083-3668
    ISSN (online) 1560-2281
    ISSN 1083-3668
    DOI 10.1117/1.JBO.28.9.090501
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    Zs.A 4699: Show issues Location:
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