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  1. Article ; Online: Early Treatment with Sotrovimab for Covid-19. Reply.

    Shapiro, Adrienne E / Gupta, Anil

    The New England journal of medicine

    2022  Volume 386, Issue 15, Page(s) 1481

    MeSH term(s) Antibodies, Monoclonal, Humanized/therapeutic use ; Antibodies, Neutralizing ; COVID-19/drug therapy ; Humans
    Chemical Substances Antibodies, Monoclonal, Humanized ; Antibodies, Neutralizing ; sotrovimab (1MTK0BPN8V)
    Language English
    Publishing date 2022-03-16
    Publishing country United States
    Document type Letter ; Comment
    ZDB-ID 207154-x
    ISSN 1533-4406 ; 0028-4793
    ISSN (online) 1533-4406
    ISSN 0028-4793
    DOI 10.1056/NEJMc2201606
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  2. Article: Extending the reach of integrated TB-HIV services with community health workers.

    Shapiro, Adrienne E

    Public health action

    2018  Volume 8, Issue 2, Page(s) 32–33

    Language English
    Publishing date 2018-08-07
    Publishing country France
    Document type Editorial
    ISSN 2220-8372
    ISSN 2220-8372
    DOI 10.5588/pha.18.0036
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  3. Article: Latent Tuberculosis Screening Cascade for Non-US-Born Persons in a Large Health System.

    Shapiro, Adrienne E / Gupta, Ayushi / Lan, Kristine / Kim, H Nina

    Open forum infectious diseases

    2023  Volume 10, Issue 7, Page(s) ofad303

    Abstract: Review of electronic health records revealed substantial drop-off at each stage of the latent tuberculosis infection (LTBI) care cascade among non-US-born persons in an academic primary care system. Of 5148 persons eligible for LTBI screening, 1012 (20%) ...

    Abstract Review of electronic health records revealed substantial drop-off at each stage of the latent tuberculosis infection (LTBI) care cascade among non-US-born persons in an academic primary care system. Of 5148 persons eligible for LTBI screening, 1012 (20%) had an LTBI test, and 140 (48%) of 296 LTBI-positive persons received LTBI treatment.
    Language English
    Publishing date 2023-06-06
    Publishing country United States
    Document type Journal Article
    ZDB-ID 2757767-3
    ISSN 2328-8957
    ISSN 2328-8957
    DOI 10.1093/ofid/ofad303
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  4. Article ; Online: COVID-19 in the Immunocompromised Host, Including People with Human Immunodeficiency Virus.

    Jakharia, Niyati / Subramanian, Aruna K / Shapiro, Adrienne E

    Infectious disease clinics of North America

    2022  Volume 36, Issue 2, Page(s) 397–421

    Abstract: This review describes the incidence, epidemiology, and risk factors for mortality of COVID-19 in immunocompromised patients, including persons with human immunodeficiency virus. It describes various preventive measures, including vaccines and their ... ...

    Abstract This review describes the incidence, epidemiology, and risk factors for mortality of COVID-19 in immunocompromised patients, including persons with human immunodeficiency virus. It describes various preventive measures, including vaccines and their effectiveness and the role of monoclonal antibodies for pre-exposure prophylaxis. It also reviews the different treatment options for immunocompromised individuals, including antivirals, monoclonal antibodies, and immunomodulators. Lastly, it describes the impact of COVID-19 on transplantation and continuity care of this population.
    MeSH term(s) Antibodies, Monoclonal ; COVID-19 ; HIV ; HIV Infections/complications ; HIV Infections/epidemiology ; Humans ; Immunocompromised Host
    Chemical Substances Antibodies, Monoclonal
    Language English
    Publishing date 2022-02-01
    Publishing country United States
    Document type Journal Article ; Review ; Research Support, N.I.H., Extramural ; Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't
    ZDB-ID 1077676-x
    ISSN 1557-9824 ; 0891-5520
    ISSN (online) 1557-9824
    ISSN 0891-5520
    DOI 10.1016/j.idc.2022.01.006
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  5. Article ; Online: Time to knock monoclonal antibodies off the platform for patients hospitalised with COVID-19.

    Shapiro, Adrienne E / Bender Ignacio, Rachel A

    The Lancet. Infectious diseases

    2021  Volume 22, Issue 5, Page(s) 567–569

    MeSH term(s) Antibodies, Monoclonal/therapeutic use ; Antineoplastic Agents, Immunological ; COVID-19 ; Hospitalization ; Humans ; SARS-CoV-2
    Chemical Substances Antibodies, Monoclonal ; Antineoplastic Agents, Immunological
    Language English
    Publishing date 2021-12-23
    Publishing country United States
    Document type Journal Article ; Comment
    ZDB-ID 2061641-7
    ISSN 1474-4457 ; 1473-3099
    ISSN (online) 1474-4457
    ISSN 1473-3099
    DOI 10.1016/S1473-3099(21)00762-3
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    Zs.A 5743: Show issues Location:
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  6. Article ; Online: Oral swabs with a rapid molecular diagnostic test for pulmonary tuberculosis in adults and children: a systematic review.

    Church, E Chandler / Steingart, Karen R / Cangelosi, Gerard A / Ruhwald, Morten / Kohli, Mikashmi / Shapiro, Adrienne E

    The Lancet. Global health

    2023  Volume 12, Issue 1, Page(s) e45–e54

    Abstract: Background: Tuberculosis is a leading cause of infectious disease mortality worldwide, but diagnosis of pulmonary tuberculosis remains challenging. Oral swabs are a promising non-sputum alternative sample type for the diagnosis of pulmonary tuberculosis. ...

    Abstract Background: Tuberculosis is a leading cause of infectious disease mortality worldwide, but diagnosis of pulmonary tuberculosis remains challenging. Oral swabs are a promising non-sputum alternative sample type for the diagnosis of pulmonary tuberculosis. We aimed to assess the diagnostic accuracy of oral swabs to detect pulmonary tuberculosis in adults and children and suggest research implications.
    Methods: In this systematic review, we searched published and preprint studies from Jan 1, 2000, to July 5, 2022, from eight databases (MEDLINE, Embase, Scopus, Science Citation Index, medRxiv, bioRxiv, Global Index Medicus, and Google Scholar). We included diagnostic accuracy studies including cross-sectional, cohort, and case-control studies in adults and children from which we could extract or derive sensitivity and specificity of oral swabs as a sample type for the diagnosis of pulmonary tuberculosis against a sputum microbiological (nucleic acid amplification test [NAAT] on sputum or culture) or composite reference standard.
    Findings: Of 550 reports identified by the search, we included 16 eligible reports (including 20 studies and 3083 participants) that reported diagnostic accuracy estimates on oral swabs for pulmonary tuberculosis. Sensitivity on oral swabs ranged from 36% (95% CI 26-48) to 91% (80-98) in adults and 5% (1-14) to 42% (23-63) in children. Across all studies, specificity ranged from 66% (95% CI 52-78) to 100% (97-100), with most studies reporting specificity of more than 90%. Meta-analysis was not performed because of sampling and testing heterogeneity.
    Interpretation: Sensitivity varies in both adults and children when diverse methods are used. Variability in sampling location, swab type, and type of NAAT used in accuracy studies limits comparison. Although data are suggestive that high accuracy is achievable using oral swabs with molecular testing, more research is needed to define optimal methods for using oral swabs as a specimen for tuberculosis detection. The current data suggest that tongue swabs and swab types that collect increased biomass might have increased sensitivity. We would recommend that future studies use these established methods to continue to refine sample processing to maximise sensitivity.
    Funding: Bill and Melinda Gates foundation (INV-045721) and FIND (Netherlands Enterprise Agency on behalf of the Minister for Foreign Trade and Development Cooperation [NL-GRNT05] and KfW Development Bank, German Federal Ministry of Education and Research [KFW-TBBU01/02]).
    MeSH term(s) Adult ; Child ; Humans ; Mycobacterium tuberculosis/genetics ; Cross-Sectional Studies ; Pathology, Molecular ; Tuberculosis, Pulmonary/diagnosis ; Tuberculosis/diagnosis ; Sensitivity and Specificity ; Molecular Diagnostic Techniques
    Language English
    Publishing date 2023-12-12
    Publishing country England
    Document type Systematic Review ; Journal Article
    ZDB-ID 2723488-5
    ISSN 2214-109X ; 2214-109X
    ISSN (online) 2214-109X
    ISSN 2214-109X
    DOI 10.1016/S2214-109X(23)00469-2
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  7. Article ; Online: A Pilot TB Screening Model in a U.S. Prison Population Using Tuberculin Skin Test and Interferon Gamma Release Assay Based on Country of Origin.

    Kerani, Roxanne P / Shapiro, Adrienne E / Strick, Lara B

    Journal of correctional health care : the official journal of the National Commission on Correctional Health Care

    2021  Volume 27, Issue 4, Page(s) 259–264

    Abstract: The objective of this study was to compare tuberculosis (TB) screening results before and after implementation of a stratified testing strategy screening pilot study, incorporating interferon gamma release assay (IGRA) and tuberculin skin test (TST), ... ...

    Abstract The objective of this study was to compare tuberculosis (TB) screening results before and after implementation of a stratified testing strategy screening pilot study, incorporating interferon gamma release assay (IGRA) and tuberculin skin test (TST), based on country of origin. In 2015, the Washington State Department of Corrections began screening people born outside of the United States for TB with IGRA, while U.S.-born people continued screening by TST. Of 405 (75%) foreign-born men screened with IGRA, 403 had valid test results and IGRA screening positivity was 10.4% (
    MeSH term(s) Humans ; Interferon-gamma Release Tests ; Latent Tuberculosis/diagnosis ; Latent Tuberculosis/epidemiology ; Male ; Mass Screening ; Pilot Projects ; Prisons ; Tuberculin Test ; United States/epidemiology
    Language English
    Publishing date 2021-10-14
    Publishing country United States
    Document type Journal Article ; Research Support, N.I.H., Extramural
    ZDB-ID 2233559-6
    ISSN 1940-5200 ; 1078-3458
    ISSN (online) 1940-5200
    ISSN 1078-3458
    DOI 10.1089/jchc.19.07.0056
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  8. Article ; Online: A systematic review and meta-analysis of active case finding for tuberculosis in India.

    Garg, Tushar / Chaisson, Lelia H / Naufal, Fahd / Shapiro, Adrienne E / Golub, Jonathan E

    The Lancet regional health. Southeast Asia

    2022  Volume 7, Page(s) 100076

    Abstract: Background: Active case finding (ACF) for tuberculosis (TB) is the cornerstone case-finding strategy in India's national TB policy. However, ACF strategies are highly diverse and pose implementation challenges in routine programming. We reviewed the ... ...

    Abstract Background: Active case finding (ACF) for tuberculosis (TB) is the cornerstone case-finding strategy in India's national TB policy. However, ACF strategies are highly diverse and pose implementation challenges in routine programming. We reviewed the literature to characterise ACF in India; assess the yield of ACF for different risk groups, screening locations, and screening criteria; and estimate losses to follow-up (LTFU) in screening and diagnosis.
    Methods: We searched PubMed, EMBASE, Scopus, and the Cochrane library to identify studies with ACF for TB in India from November 2010 to December 2020. We calculated 1) weighted mean number needed to screen (NNS) stratified by risk group, screening location, and screening strategy; and 2) the proportion of screening and pre-diagnostic LTFU. We assessed risk of bias using the AXIS tool for cross-sectional studies.
    Findings: Of 27,416 abstracts screened, we included 45 studies conducted in India. Most studies were from southern and western India and aimed to diagnose pulmonary TB at the primary health level in the public sector after screening. There was considerable heterogeneity in risk groups screened and ACF methodology across studies. Of the 17 risk groups identified, the lowest weighted mean NNS was seen in people with HIV (21, range 3-89,
    Interpretation: For ACF to be impactful in India, its design must be based on contextual understanding. The narrow evidence base available currently is insufficient for effectively targeting ACF programming in a large and diverse country. Achieving case-finding targets in India requires evidence-based ACF implementation.
    Funding: WHO Global TB Programme.
    Language English
    Publishing date 2022-09-17
    Publishing country England
    Document type Journal Article
    ISSN 2772-3682
    ISSN (online) 2772-3682
    DOI 10.1016/j.lansea.2022.100076
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  9. Article: Resistance analysis following sotrovimab treatment in participants with COVID-19 during the phase III COMET-ICE study.

    Subramanian, Sambhavi / Schnell, Gretja / Iulio, Julia di / Gupta, Anil K / Shapiro, Adrienne E / Sarkis, Elias H / Lopuski, Amanda / Peppercorn, Amanda / Aldinger, Melissa / Hebner, Christy M / Cathcart, Andrea L

    Future virology

    2023  

    Abstract: Aim: ...

    Abstract Aim:
    Language English
    Publishing date 2023-12-07
    Publishing country England
    Document type Journal Article
    ZDB-ID 2254606-6
    ISSN 1746-0808 ; 1746-0794
    ISSN (online) 1746-0808
    ISSN 1746-0794
    DOI 10.2217/fvl-2023-0146
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  10. Article ; Online: An updated systematic review of HIV-associated cryptococcal meningitis treatment strategies.

    Shapiro, Adrienne E / Tenforde, Mark W / Chiller, Tom M / Ford, Nathan / Rajasingham, Radha

    HIV medicine

    2022  Volume 24, Issue 4, Page(s) 507–512

    Abstract: Background: The purpose of this systematic review is to provide updated evidence on the preferred induction therapy for the treatment of HIV-associated cryptococcal meningitis considering the most recent evidence available in order to inform the need ... ...

    Abstract Background: The purpose of this systematic review is to provide updated evidence on the preferred induction therapy for the treatment of HIV-associated cryptococcal meningitis considering the most recent evidence available in order to inform the need for updates to WHO guidelines.
    Methods: We searched Medline via PubMed, EMBASE, the Cochrane Library and clinicaltrials.gov for published or completed randomized clinical trials that evaluated induction treatment of first episode HIV-associated cryptococcal meningitis from 9 July 2018 (date of last search) to 1 September 2021.
    Results: One randomized clinical trial of 844 people with HIV-associated cryptococcal meningitis met the inclusion criteria. Participants were randomized to: (1) amphotericin deoxycholate for 7 days, with flucytosine and fluconazole (control); or (2) a single dose of liposomal amphotericin 10 mg/kg with flucytosine and fluconazole (intervention). In the intention-to-treat analysis, 10-week mortality was 24.8% [95% confidence interval (CI): 20.7-29.3%] in the single-dose liposomal amphotericin group compared with 28.7% (95% CI: 24.4-33.4%) in the control group. The absolute difference in 10-week mortality was -3.9% with an upper one-sided 95% CI of 1.2%, within the 10% pre-specified non-inferiority margin. Fewer participants had grade 3 and 4 adverse events in the intervention arm compared with the control arm (50.0% vs. 62.3%, p < 0.001).
    Conclusions: In the single study included in this systematic review, single high-dose liposomal amphotericin B with flucytosine and fluconazole was non-inferior to the WHO-recommended standard of care induction therapy for HIV-associated cryptococcal meningitis, with significantly fewer adverse events.
    MeSH term(s) Humans ; Amphotericin B/therapeutic use ; Amphotericin B/adverse effects ; Meningitis, Cryptococcal/drug therapy ; Flucytosine/therapeutic use ; Flucytosine/adverse effects ; Fluconazole/therapeutic use ; Antifungal Agents/therapeutic use ; HIV Infections/complications ; HIV Infections/drug therapy ; Drug Therapy, Combination ; Randomized Controlled Trials as Topic
    Chemical Substances liposomal amphotericin B ; Amphotericin B (7XU7A7DROE) ; Flucytosine (D83282DT06) ; Fluconazole (8VZV102JFY) ; Antifungal Agents
    Language English
    Publishing date 2022-09-19
    Publishing country England
    Document type Systematic Review ; Journal Article ; Research Support, N.I.H., Extramural
    ZDB-ID 2001932-4
    ISSN 1468-1293 ; 1464-2662
    ISSN (online) 1468-1293
    ISSN 1464-2662
    DOI 10.1111/hiv.13412
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