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  1. Article: Toll-Interacting Protein in Resolving and Non-Resolving Inflammation.

    Kowalski, Elizabeth J A / Li, Liwu

    Frontiers in immunology

    2017  Volume 8, Page(s) 511

    Abstract: Innate leukocytes manifest dynamic and distinct inflammatory responses upon challenges with rising dosages of pathogen-associated molecular pattern molecules such as lipopolysaccharide (LPS). To differentiate signal strengths, innate leukocytes may ... ...

    Abstract Innate leukocytes manifest dynamic and distinct inflammatory responses upon challenges with rising dosages of pathogen-associated molecular pattern molecules such as lipopolysaccharide (LPS). To differentiate signal strengths, innate leukocytes may utilize distinct intracellular signaling circuitries modulated by adaptor molecules. Toll-interacting protein (Tollip) is one of the critical adaptor molecules potentially playing key roles in modulating the dynamic adaptation of innate leukocytes to varying dosages of external stimulants. While Tollip may serve as a negative regulator of nuclear factor κ of activated B cells signaling pathway in cells challenged with higher dosages of LPS, it acts as a positive regulator for low-grade chronic inflammation in leukocytes programmed by subclinical low-dosages of LPS. This review aims to discuss recent progress in our understanding of complex innate leukocyte dynamics and its relevance in the pathogenesis of resolving versus non-resolving chronic inflammatory diseases.
    Language English
    Publishing date 2017-05-05
    Publishing country Switzerland
    Document type Journal Article ; Review
    ZDB-ID 2606827-8
    ISSN 1664-3224
    ISSN 1664-3224
    DOI 10.3389/fimmu.2017.00511
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  2. Article ; Online: Symptoms and signs of lung cancer prior to diagnosis: case-control study using electronic health records from ambulatory care within a large US-based tertiary care centre.

    Prado, Maria G / Kessler, Larry G / Au, Margaret A / Burkhardt, Hannah A / Zigman Suchsland, Monica / Kowalski, Lesleigh / Stephens, Kari A / Yetisgen, Meliha / Walter, Fiona M / Neal, Richard D / Lybarger, Kevin / Thompson, Caroline A / Al Achkar, Morhaf / Sarma, Elizabeth A / Turner, Grace / Farjah, Farhood / Thompson, Matthew J

    BMJ open

    2023  Volume 13, Issue 4, Page(s) e068832

    Abstract: Objective: Lung cancer is the most common cause of cancer-related death in the USA. While most patients are diagnosed following symptomatic presentation, no studies have compared symptoms and physical examination signs at or prior to diagnosis from ... ...

    Abstract Objective: Lung cancer is the most common cause of cancer-related death in the USA. While most patients are diagnosed following symptomatic presentation, no studies have compared symptoms and physical examination signs at or prior to diagnosis from electronic health records (EHRs) in the USA. We aimed to identify symptoms and signs in patients prior to diagnosis in EHR data.
    Design: Case-control study.
    Setting: Ambulatory care clinics at a large tertiary care academic health centre in the USA.
    Participants, outcomes: We studied 698 primary lung cancer cases in adults diagnosed between 1 January 2012 and 31 December 2019, and 6841 controls matched by age, sex, smoking status and type of clinic. Coded and free-text data from the EHR were extracted from 2 years prior to diagnosis date for cases and index date for controls. Univariate and multivariable conditional logistic regression were used to identify symptoms and signs associated with lung cancer at time of diagnosis, and 1, 3, 6 and 12 months before the diagnosis/index dates.
    Results: Eleven symptoms and signs recorded during the study period were associated with a significantly higher chance of being a lung cancer case in multivariable analyses. Of these, seven were significantly associated with lung cancer 6 months prior to diagnosis: haemoptysis (OR 3.2, 95% CI 1.9 to 5.3), cough (OR 3.1, 95% CI 2.4 to 4.0), chest crackles or wheeze (OR 3.1, 95% CI 2.3 to 4.1), bone pain (OR 2.7, 95% CI 2.1 to 3.6), back pain (OR 2.5, 95% CI 1.9 to 3.2), weight loss (OR 2.1, 95% CI 1.5 to 2.8) and fatigue (OR 1.6, 95% CI 1.3 to 2.1).
    Conclusions: Patients diagnosed with lung cancer appear to have symptoms and signs recorded in the EHR that distinguish them from similar matched patients in ambulatory care, often 6 months or more before diagnosis. These findings suggest opportunities to improve the diagnostic process for lung cancer.
    MeSH term(s) Adult ; Humans ; Electronic Health Records ; Case-Control Studies ; Tertiary Care Centers ; Lung Neoplasms/diagnosis ; Ambulatory Care
    Language English
    Publishing date 2023-04-20
    Publishing country England
    Document type Journal Article ; Research Support, N.I.H., Extramural ; Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't
    ZDB-ID 2599832-8
    ISSN 2044-6055 ; 2044-6055
    ISSN (online) 2044-6055
    ISSN 2044-6055
    DOI 10.1136/bmjopen-2022-068832
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  3. Article ; Online: Monocyte proinflammatory phenotypic control by ephrin type A receptor 4 mediates neural tissue damage.

    Kowalski, Elizabeth A / Soliman, Eman / Kelly, Colin / Basso, Erwin Kristobal Gudenschwager / Leonard, John / Pridham, Kevin J / Ju, Jing / Cash, Alison / Hazy, Amanda / de Jager, Caroline / Kaloss, Alexandra M / Ding, Hanzhang / Hernandez, Raymundo D / Coleman, Gabe / Wang, Xia / Olsen, Michelle L / Pickrell, Alicia M / Theus, Michelle H

    JCI insight

    2022  Volume 7, Issue 15

    Abstract: Circulating monocytes have emerged as key regulators of the neuroinflammatory milieu in a number of neuropathological disorders. Ephrin type A receptor 4 (Epha4) receptor tyrosine kinase, a prominent axon guidance molecule, has recently been implicated ... ...

    Abstract Circulating monocytes have emerged as key regulators of the neuroinflammatory milieu in a number of neuropathological disorders. Ephrin type A receptor 4 (Epha4) receptor tyrosine kinase, a prominent axon guidance molecule, has recently been implicated in the regulation of neuroinflammation. Using a mouse model of brain injury and a GFP BM chimeric approach, we found neuroprotection and a lack of significant motor deficits marked by reduced monocyte/macrophage cortical infiltration and an increased number of arginase-1+ cells in the absence of BM-derived Epha4. This was accompanied by a shift in monocyte gene profile from pro- to antiinflammatory that included increased Tek (Tie2 receptor) expression. Inhibition of Tie2 attenuated enhanced expression of M2-like genes in cultured Epha4-null monocytes/macrophages. In Epha4-BM-deficient mice, cortical-isolated GFP+ monocytes/macrophages displayed a phenotypic shift from a classical to an intermediate subtype, which displayed reduced Ly6chi concomitant with increased Ly6clo- and Tie2-expressing populations. Furthermore, clodronate liposome-mediated monocyte depletion mimicked these effects in WT mice but resulted in attenuation of phenotype in Epha4-BM-deficient mice. This demonstrates that monocyte polarization not overall recruitment dictates neural tissue damage. Thus, coordination of monocyte proinflammatory phenotypic state by Epha4 is a key regulatory step mediating brain injury.
    MeSH term(s) Humans ; Brain Injuries/metabolism ; Ephrins/metabolism ; Monocytes/metabolism ; Phenotype ; Receptor, EphB2/metabolism ; Animals ; Mice
    Chemical Substances Ephrins ; Receptor, EphB2 (EC 2.7.10.1)
    Language English
    Publishing date 2022-08-08
    Publishing country United States
    Document type Journal Article ; Research Support, N.I.H., Extramural
    ISSN 2379-3708
    ISSN (online) 2379-3708
    DOI 10.1172/jci.insight.156319
    Database MEDical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System OnLINE

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  4. Article ; Online: The Radius of Curvature of the Inferior Distal Clavicle Is Similar to That of the Glenoid in Both the Axial and Coronal Planes and Similar to the Inferior Coracoid.

    Griswold, B Gage / Barker, Elizabeth P / Steflik, Michael J / Kowalski, Brooke L / Parada, Stephen A / Galvin, Joseph W / Boileau, Pascal

    Arthroscopy, sports medicine, and rehabilitation

    2023  Volume 5, Issue 4, Page(s) 100777

    Abstract: Purpose: The purposes of this study were to use computed tomography (CT) scans to compare the radius of curvature (ROC) of the inferior concave surface of the distal clavicle to the glenoid, determine graft dimensions, and compare the ROC of the ... ...

    Abstract Purpose: The purposes of this study were to use computed tomography (CT) scans to compare the radius of curvature (ROC) of the inferior concave surface of the distal clavicle to the glenoid, determine graft dimensions, and compare the ROC of the congruent-arc distal clavicle autograft (DCA) to the congruent-arc Latarjet graft.
    Methods: Patients who underwent bony glenoid reconstruction via a Laterjet procedure between January 2018 and January 2023 at a single institution were retrospectively identified. CT scans were used to measure the ROC of the glenoid on the axial and coronal sequences, measure the ROC of the distal clavicle on the sagittal oblique sequences, and determine the dimensions of the distal clavicle and coracoid graft.
    Results: A total of 42 patients were included (Latarjet, n = 22; control, n = 20). The mean ROC of the inferior surface of the distal clavicle was not significantly different from the ROC of the glenoid in the coronal (
    Conclusions: The ROC of the inferior distal clavicle is similar to that of the glenoid in both the axial and coronal planes and similar to the inferior coracoid.
    Clinical relevance: CT analysis reveals that the congruent-arc DCA technique provides a robust graft with dimensions that are suitable for reconstruction of the anterior glenoid.
    Language English
    Publishing date 2023-07-21
    Publishing country United States
    Document type Journal Article
    ISSN 2666-061X
    ISSN (online) 2666-061X
    DOI 10.1016/j.asmr.2023.100777
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  5. Article ; Online: Symptoms and signs of lung cancer prior to diagnosis

    Richard D Neal / Fiona M Walter / Morhaf Al Achkar / Monica Zigman Suchsland / Grace Turner / Matthew J Thompson / Larry G Kessler / Farhood Farjah / Caroline A Thompson / Maria G Prado / Margaret A Au / Hannah A Burkhardt / Lesleigh Kowalski / Kari A Stephens / Meliha Yetisgen / Kevin Lybarger / Elizabeth A Sarma

    BMJ Open, Vol 13, Iss

    case–control study using electronic health records from ambulatory care within a large US-based tertiary care centre

    2023  Volume 4

    Abstract: Objective Lung cancer is the most common cause of cancer-related death in the USA. While most patients are diagnosed following symptomatic presentation, no studies have compared symptoms and physical examination signs at or prior to diagnosis from ... ...

    Abstract Objective Lung cancer is the most common cause of cancer-related death in the USA. While most patients are diagnosed following symptomatic presentation, no studies have compared symptoms and physical examination signs at or prior to diagnosis from electronic health records (EHRs) in the USA. We aimed to identify symptoms and signs in patients prior to diagnosis in EHR data.Design Case–control study.Setting Ambulatory care clinics at a large tertiary care academic health centre in the USA.Participants, outcomes We studied 698 primary lung cancer cases in adults diagnosed between 1 January 2012 and 31 December 2019, and 6841 controls matched by age, sex, smoking status and type of clinic. Coded and free-text data from the EHR were extracted from 2 years prior to diagnosis date for cases and index date for controls. Univariate and multivariable conditional logistic regression were used to identify symptoms and signs associated with lung cancer at time of diagnosis, and 1, 3, 6 and 12 months before the diagnosis/index dates.Results Eleven symptoms and signs recorded during the study period were associated with a significantly higher chance of being a lung cancer case in multivariable analyses. Of these, seven were significantly associated with lung cancer 6 months prior to diagnosis: haemoptysis (OR 3.2, 95% CI 1.9 to 5.3), cough (OR 3.1, 95% CI 2.4 to 4.0), chest crackles or wheeze (OR 3.1, 95% CI 2.3 to 4.1), bone pain (OR 2.7, 95% CI 2.1 to 3.6), back pain (OR 2.5, 95% CI 1.9 to 3.2), weight loss (OR 2.1, 95% CI 1.5 to 2.8) and fatigue (OR 1.6, 95% CI 1.3 to 2.1).Conclusions Patients diagnosed with lung cancer appear to have symptoms and signs recorded in the EHR that distinguish them from similar matched patients in ambulatory care, often 6 months or more before diagnosis. These findings suggest opportunities to improve the diagnostic process for lung cancer.
    Keywords Medicine ; R
    Subject code 610
    Language English
    Publishing date 2023-04-01T00:00:00Z
    Publisher BMJ Publishing Group
    Document type Article ; Online
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  6. Article ; Online: Studying the impact of COVID-19 mitigation policies on childhood obesity, health behaviors, and disparities in an observational cohort: Protocol for the COVID-19 Family Study.

    Dou, Nan / Deitch, Rachel / Kowalski, Alysse J / Kuhn, Ann / Lane, Hannah / Parker, Elizabeth A / Wang, Yan / Zafari, Zafar / Black, Maureen M / Hager, Erin R

    Contemporary clinical trials

    2023  Volume 136, Page(s) 107408

    Abstract: Background: COVID-19 pandemic control policies, including school closures, suspended extra-curricular activities, and social distancing, were introduced to prevent viral transmission, and disrupted children's daily routines, health behaviors, and ... ...

    Abstract Background: COVID-19 pandemic control policies, including school closures, suspended extra-curricular activities, and social distancing, were introduced to prevent viral transmission, and disrupted children's daily routines, health behaviors, and wellness. This observational cohort study among 697 families with children or adolescents, based on the Family Stress Model, aims to: 1) evaluate pre- to during-pandemic changes in child health behaviors (diet, physical activity, sleep) and weight gain, 2) identify mechanisms explaining the changes, and 3) determine projected healthcare costs on weight gain and obesity. Each aim includes an examination by racial and ethnic, socioeconomic, and geographic disparities.
    Methods: The study employs a mixed methods design, recruiting children and their caregivers from two obesity prevention trials halted in 2020. Enrolled participants complete annual surveys to assess child health behaviors, family resources, routines, and demographics, and home environment in 2020-2022. Height and weight are measured annually in 2021-2022. Annual semi-structured interviews are conducted within a subsample to understand mechanisms of observed changes. Multilevel mixed models and mediation analyses are used to examine changes in child health behaviors and weight gain and mechanisms underlying the changes. Qualitative data are analyzed within and across time points and integrated with quantitative findings to further explain mechanisms. Markov models are used to determine healthcare costs for unhealthy child behaviors and weight gain.
    Conclusion: Findings from this study will aid in understanding pandemic-related changes in child health behaviors and weight status and will provide insights for the implementation of future programs and policies to improve child and family wellness.
    MeSH term(s) Adolescent ; Child ; Humans ; Pediatric Obesity/epidemiology ; Pediatric Obesity/prevention & control ; Pandemics/prevention & control ; COVID-19/epidemiology ; COVID-19/prevention & control ; Health Behavior ; Weight Gain ; Observational Studies as Topic
    Language English
    Publishing date 2023-12-10
    Publishing country United States
    Document type Journal Article
    ZDB-ID 2182176-8
    ISSN 1559-2030 ; 1551-7144
    ISSN (online) 1559-2030
    ISSN 1551-7144
    DOI 10.1016/j.cct.2023.107408
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    Zs.A 1581: Show issues Location:
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  7. Article ; Online: Monocyte proinflammatory phenotypic control by ephrin type A receptor 4 mediates neural tissue damage

    Elizabeth A. Kowalski / Eman Soliman / Colin Kelly / Erwin Kristobal Gudenschwager Basso / John Leonard / Kevin J. Pridham / Jing Ju / Alison Cash / Amanda Hazy / Caroline de Jager / Alexandra M. Kaloss / Hanzhang Ding / Raymundo D. Hernandez / Gabe Coleman / Xia Wang / Michelle L. Olsen / Alicia M. Pickrell / Michelle H. Theus

    JCI Insight, Vol 7, Iss

    2022  Volume 15

    Abstract: Circulating monocytes have emerged as key regulators of the neuroinflammatory milieu in a number of neuropathological disorders. Ephrin type A receptor 4 (Epha4) receptor tyrosine kinase, a prominent axon guidance molecule, has recently been implicated ... ...

    Abstract Circulating monocytes have emerged as key regulators of the neuroinflammatory milieu in a number of neuropathological disorders. Ephrin type A receptor 4 (Epha4) receptor tyrosine kinase, a prominent axon guidance molecule, has recently been implicated in the regulation of neuroinflammation. Using a mouse model of brain injury and a GFP BM chimeric approach, we found neuroprotection and a lack of significant motor deficits marked by reduced monocyte/macrophage cortical infiltration and an increased number of arginase-1+ cells in the absence of BM-derived Epha4. This was accompanied by a shift in monocyte gene profile from pro- to antiinflammatory that included increased Tek (Tie2 receptor) expression. Inhibition of Tie2 attenuated enhanced expression of M2-like genes in cultured Epha4-null monocytes/macrophages. In Epha4-BM–deficient mice, cortical-isolated GFP+ monocytes/macrophages displayed a phenotypic shift from a classical to an intermediate subtype, which displayed reduced Ly6chi concomitant with increased Ly6clo- and Tie2-expressing populations. Furthermore, clodronate liposome–mediated monocyte depletion mimicked these effects in WT mice but resulted in attenuation of phenotype in Epha4-BM–deficient mice. This demonstrates that monocyte polarization not overall recruitment dictates neural tissue damage. Thus, coordination of monocyte proinflammatory phenotypic state by Epha4 is a key regulatory step mediating brain injury.
    Keywords Neuroscience ; Medicine ; R
    Subject code 616
    Language English
    Publishing date 2022-08-01T00:00:00Z
    Publisher American Society for Clinical investigation
    Document type Article ; Online
    Database BASE - Bielefeld Academic Search Engine (life sciences selection)

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  8. Article ; Online: Angiopoietin/Tie2 Axis Regulates the Age-at-Injury Cerebrovascular Response to Traumatic Brain Injury.

    Brickler, Thomas R / Hazy, Amanda / Guilhaume Correa, Fernanda / Dai, Rujuan / Kowalski, Elizabeth J A / Dickerson, Ross / Chen, Jiang / Wang, Xia / Morton, Paul D / Whittington, Abby / Ahmed, Ansar / Theus, Michelle H

    The Journal of neuroscience : the official journal of the Society for Neuroscience

    2018  Volume 38, Issue 45, Page(s) 9618–9634

    Abstract: Although age-at-injury influences chronic recovery from traumatic brain injury (TBI), the differential effects of age on early outcome remain understudied. Using a male murine model of moderate contusion injury, we investigated the underlying mechanism(s) ...

    Abstract Although age-at-injury influences chronic recovery from traumatic brain injury (TBI), the differential effects of age on early outcome remain understudied. Using a male murine model of moderate contusion injury, we investigated the underlying mechanism(s) regulating the distinct response between juvenile and adult TBI. We demonstrate similar biomechanical and physical properties of naive juvenile and adult brains. However, following controlled cortical impact (CCI), juvenile mice displayed reduced cortical lesion formation, cell death, and behavioral deficits at 4 and 14 d. Analysis of high-resolution laser Doppler imaging showed a similar loss of cerebral blood flow (CBF) in the ipsilateral cortex at 3 and 24 h post-CCI, whereas juvenile mice showed enhanced subsequent restoration at 2-4 d compared with adults. These findings correlated with reduced blood-brain barrier (BBB) disruption and increased perilesional vessel density. To address whether an age-dependent endothelial cell (EC) response affects vessel stability and tissue outcome, we magnetically isolated CD31
    MeSH term(s) Age Factors ; Animals ; Blood-Brain Barrier/metabolism ; Brain Injuries, Traumatic/metabolism ; Cells, Cultured ; Cerebral Cortex/metabolism ; Cerebrovascular Circulation/physiology ; Male ; Mice ; Receptor, TIE-2/metabolism
    Chemical Substances Receptor, TIE-2 (EC 2.7.10.1)
    Language English
    Publishing date 2018-09-21
    Publishing country United States
    Document type Journal Article ; Research Support, N.I.H., Extramural
    ZDB-ID 604637-x
    ISSN 1529-2401 ; 0270-6474
    ISSN (online) 1529-2401
    ISSN 0270-6474
    DOI 10.1523/JNEUROSCI.0914-18.2018
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    Zs.A 1668: Show issues Location:
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  9. Article ; Online: Development of Fertilizer Coatings from Polyglyoxylate-Polyester Blends Responsive to Root-Driven pH Change.

    Heuchan, Spencer M / Fan, Bo / Kowalski, Jessica J / Gillies, Elizabeth R / Henry, Hugh A L

    Journal of agricultural and food chemistry

    2019  Volume 67, Issue 46, Page(s) 12720–12729

    Abstract: Many current controlled-release fertilizers (CRFs) are coated with nonbiodegradable polymers that can contribute to microplastic pollution. Here, coatings of self-immolative poly(ethyl glyoxylate) (PEtG) capped with a carbamate and blended with ... ...

    Abstract Many current controlled-release fertilizers (CRFs) are coated with nonbiodegradable polymers that can contribute to microplastic pollution. Here, coatings of self-immolative poly(ethyl glyoxylate) (PEtG) capped with a carbamate and blended with polycaprolactone (PCL) or poly(l-lactic acid) (PLA) were evaluated. They were designed to depolymerize and release fertilizers in the vicinity of plant roots, where the pH is lower than that in the surrounding environment. PEtG/PCL coatings exhibited significant temperature and pH effects, requiring 18 days at pH 5 and 30 °C, compared to 77 days at pH 7 and 22 °C, to reach 15% mass loss. Plant roots were also effective in triggering coating degradation. Spray-coating and melt-coating were explored, with the latter being more effective in providing pellets that retained urea prior to polymer degradation. Finally, PEtG/PCL-coated pellets promoted plant growth to a similar degree or better than currently available CRFs.
    MeSH term(s) Agrostis/growth & development ; Delayed-Action Preparations ; Drug Compounding/methods ; Fertilizers/analysis ; Glyoxylates/chemistry ; Hydrogen-Ion Concentration ; Plant Roots/drug effects ; Plant Roots/growth & development ; Polyesters/chemistry ; Solubility
    Chemical Substances Delayed-Action Preparations ; Fertilizers ; Glyoxylates ; Polyesters ; polycaprolactone (24980-41-4) ; glyoxylic acid (JQ39C92HH6)
    Language English
    Publishing date 2019-11-07
    Publishing country United States
    Document type Evaluation Studies ; Journal Article
    ZDB-ID 241619-0
    ISSN 1520-5118 ; 0021-8561
    ISSN (online) 1520-5118
    ISSN 0021-8561
    DOI 10.1021/acs.jafc.9b04717
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  10. Article ; Online: An Ethanolic Extract of Artemisia dracunculus L. Enhances the Metabolic Benefits of Exercise in Diet-induced Obese Mice.

    Allerton, Timothy D / Kowalski, Greg M / Stampley, James / Irving, Brian A / Lighton, John R B / Floyd, Z Elizabeth / Stephens, Jacqueline M

    Medicine and science in sports and exercise

    2020  Volume 53, Issue 4, Page(s) 712–723

    Abstract: Purpose: The purpose of this study was to determine the effect of an ethanolic extract of Artemisia dracunculus L. (5011) combined with exercise on in vivo glucose and fat metabolism in diet-induced obese male mice.: Methods: After 8 wk of high-fat ... ...

    Abstract Purpose: The purpose of this study was to determine the effect of an ethanolic extract of Artemisia dracunculus L. (5011) combined with exercise on in vivo glucose and fat metabolism in diet-induced obese male mice.
    Methods: After 8 wk of high-fat diet (HFD) feeding, 52 mice were randomly allocated to a voluntary wheel running group (HFD Ex), a 5011 + HFD sedentary group (5011 Sed), a 5011 + HFD Ex (5011 Ex), or an HFD sedentary group (HFD Sed) for 4 wk. Real-time energy expenditure and substrate utilization were measured by indirect calorimetry. A stable isotope glucose tolerance test was performed before and after the 4-wk wheel running period to determine changes in endogenous glucose production and glucose disposal. We also performed an analysis of genes and proteins associated with the early response to exercise and exercise adaptations in skeletal muscle and liver.
    Results: When compared with HFD Ex mice, 5011 Ex mice had increased fat oxidation during speed- and distance-matched wheel running bouts. Both HFD Ex and 5011 Ex mice had reduced endogenous glucose during the glucose tolerance test, whereas only the 5011 Sed and the 5011 Ex mice had improved glucose disposal after the 4-wk experimental period when compared with HFD Sed and HFD Ex mice. 5011 Ex mice had increased Pgc1-α and Tfam expression in skeletal muscle when compared with HFD Ex mice, whereas Pdk4 expression was reduced in the liver of HFD Ex and 5011 Ex mice.
    Conclusions: Our study demonstrates that 5011, an ethanolic extract of A. dracunculus L., with a history of medicinal use, enhances the metabolic benefits of exercise to improve in vivo fat and glucose metabolism.
    MeSH term(s) Animals ; Artemisia/chemistry ; Body Composition ; Diet, High-Fat ; Drinking Behavior ; Energy Metabolism/physiology ; Gene Expression ; Glucose/metabolism ; Glucose Tolerance Test/methods ; Glycogen/metabolism ; Lipid Metabolism ; Liver/metabolism ; Male ; Mice ; Mice, Inbred C57BL ; Mice, Obese/metabolism ; Muscle, Skeletal/metabolism ; Obesity/etiology ; Oxidation-Reduction ; Physical Conditioning, Animal/physiology ; Plant Extracts/pharmacology ; Random Allocation ; Triglycerides/blood
    Chemical Substances Plant Extracts ; Triglycerides ; Glycogen (9005-79-2) ; Glucose (IY9XDZ35W2)
    Language English
    Publishing date 2020-10-01
    Publishing country United States
    Document type Journal Article ; Research Support, N.I.H., Extramural
    ZDB-ID 603994-7
    ISSN 1530-0315 ; 0195-9131 ; 0025-7990
    ISSN (online) 1530-0315
    ISSN 0195-9131 ; 0025-7990
    DOI 10.1249/MSS.0000000000002516
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