Article ; Online: Type 2 transglutaminase in the nucleus: the new epigenetic face of a cytoplasmic enzyme.
Cellular and molecular life sciences : CMLS
2023 Volume 80, Issue 2, Page(s) 52
Abstract: One of the major mysteries in science is how it is possible to pack the cellular chromatin with a total length of over 1 m, into a small sphere with a diameter of 5 mm "the nucleus", and even more difficult to envisage how to make it functional. Although ...
Abstract | One of the major mysteries in science is how it is possible to pack the cellular chromatin with a total length of over 1 m, into a small sphere with a diameter of 5 mm "the nucleus", and even more difficult to envisage how to make it functional. Although we know that compaction is achieved through the histones, however, the DNA needs to be accessible to the transcription machinery and this is allowed thanks to a variety of very complex epigenetic mechanisms. Either DNA (methylation) or post-translational modifications of histone proteins (acetylation, methylation, ubiquitination and sumoylation) play a crucial role in chromatin remodelling and consequently on gene expression. Recently the serotonylation and dopaminylation of the histone 3, catalyzed by the Transglutaminase type 2 (TG2), has been reported. These novel post-translational modifications catalyzed by a predominantly cytoplasmic enzyme opens a new avenue for future investigations on the enzyme function itself and for the possibility that other biological amines, substrate of TG2, can influence the genome regulation under peculiar cellular conditions. In this review we analyzed the nuclear TG2's biology by discussing both its post-translational modification of various transcription factors and the implications of its epigenetic new face. Finally, we will focus on the potential impact of these events in human diseases. |
---|---|
MeSH term(s) | Humans ; Acetylation ; Chromatin ; DNA/genetics ; DNA Methylation ; Epigenesis, Genetic ; Histones/metabolism ; Protein Processing, Post-Translational ; Transglutaminases/genetics ; Transglutaminases/metabolism ; Cytoplasm/enzymology ; Cytoplasm/genetics ; Cytoplasm/metabolism ; Cell Nucleus/enzymology ; Cell Nucleus/genetics ; Cell Nucleus/metabolism ; Chromatin Assembly and Disassembly/genetics ; Chromatin Assembly and Disassembly/physiology |
Chemical Substances | Chromatin ; DNA (9007-49-2) ; Histones ; Transglutaminases (EC 2.3.2.13) ; TGM2 protein, human |
Language | English |
Publishing date | 2023-01-25 |
Publishing country | Switzerland |
Document type | Journal Article ; Review |
ZDB-ID | 1358415-7 |
ISSN | 1420-9071 ; 1420-682X |
ISSN (online) | 1420-9071 |
ISSN | 1420-682X |
DOI | 10.1007/s00018-023-04698-8 |
Database | MEDical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System OnLINE |
Full text online
More links
Kategorien
In stock of ZB MED Cologne/Königswinter
Zs.A 195: Show issues | Location: Je nach Verfügbarkeit (siehe Angabe bei Bestand) bis Jg. 1994: Bestellungen von Artikeln über das Online-Bestellformular Jg. 1995 - 2021: Lesesall (1.OG) ab Jg. 2022: Lesesaal (EG) |
Order via subito
This service is chargeable due to the Delivery terms set by subito. Orders including an article and supplementary material will be classified as separate orders. In these cases, fees will be demanded for each order.