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  1. Article: Transient Complete Recovery of Chronic Refractory Idiopathic Thrombocytopenic Purpura after Treatment with Monoclonal Antibody Targeting SARS-CoV-2 Spike Protein.

    Gogia, Pooja / Xu, Yiqing

    Case reports in hematology

    2022  Volume 2022, Page(s) 8335541

    Abstract: Idiopathic thrombocytopenic purpura (ITP), also known as immune thrombocytopenic purpura, is an immune-mediated acquired disease characterized by transient or persistent decrease of the platelet count due to autoimmune-related destruction of platelets. ... ...

    Abstract Idiopathic thrombocytopenic purpura (ITP), also known as immune thrombocytopenic purpura, is an immune-mediated acquired disease characterized by transient or persistent decrease of the platelet count due to autoimmune-related destruction of platelets. Therapy for ITP relies on competing and inhibiting the autoantibody binding and destruction (intravenous immunoglobulin and anti-D immunoglobulin and spleen tyrosine kinase (Syk) inhibitor fostamatinib), augmenting platelet production (thrombopoietin receptor agonists), immunosuppression to reduce the autoantibody production, as well as splenectomy. Studies on autoantigens on the platelets suggested epitopes to be located predominantly on the GP IIb/IIIa receptor or integrin
    Language English
    Publishing date 2022-06-07
    Publishing country United States
    Document type Case Reports
    ZDB-ID 2627639-2
    ISSN 2090-6579 ; 2090-6560
    ISSN (online) 2090-6579
    ISSN 2090-6560
    DOI 10.1155/2022/8335541
    Database MEDical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System OnLINE

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  2. Article ; Online: New directions to develop therapies for people with hemophilia.

    Gogia, Pooja / Tarantino, Michael / Schramm, Wolfgang / Aledort, Louis

    Expert review of hematology

    2023  Volume 16, Issue 6, Page(s) 417–433

    Abstract: Introduction: The past few decades have seen a tremendous advancement in the management of hemophilia. Whether it is improved methods to attenuate critical viruses, recombinant bioengineering with decreased immunogenicity, extended half-life replacement ...

    Abstract Introduction: The past few decades have seen a tremendous advancement in the management of hemophilia. Whether it is improved methods to attenuate critical viruses, recombinant bioengineering with decreased immunogenicity, extended half-life replacement therapies to mitigate the burden of repeated infusion treatments, novel nonreplacement products to avoid the drawback of inhibitor development with its attractive subcutaneous administration and then the introduction of gene therapy, the management has trodden a long way.
    Areas covered: This expert review describes the progress in the treatment of hemophilia over the years. We discuss, in detail, the past and current therapies, their benefits, drawbacks, along with relevant studies leading to approval, efficacy and safety profile, ongoing trials, and future prospects.
    Expert opinion: The technological advances in the treatment of hemophilia with convenient modes of administration and innovative modalities offer a chance for a normal existence of the patients living with this disease. However, it is imperative for clinicians to be aware of the potential adverse effects and the need for further studies to establish causality or chance association of these events with novel agents. Thus, it is crucial for clinicians to engage patients and their families in informed decision-making and tailor individual concerns and necessities.
    MeSH term(s) Humans ; Hemophilia A/therapy ; Factor VIII/adverse effects ; Half-Life ; Hemophilia B/therapy ; Factor IX/adverse effects
    Chemical Substances Factor VIII (9001-27-8) ; Factor IX (9001-28-9)
    Language English
    Publishing date 2023-03-08
    Publishing country England
    Document type Journal Article ; Review
    ZDB-ID 2516804-6
    ISSN 1747-4094 ; 1747-4086
    ISSN (online) 1747-4094
    ISSN 1747-4086
    DOI 10.1080/17474086.2023.2184341
    Database MEDical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System OnLINE

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  3. Article: Antibody-Drug Conjugates: A Review of Approved Drugs and Their Clinical Level of Evidence.

    Gogia, Pooja / Ashraf, Hamza / Bhasin, Sidharth / Xu, Yiqing

    Cancers

    2023  Volume 15, Issue 15

    Abstract: Antibody-drug conjugates (ADCs) are an innovative family of agents assembled through linking cytotoxic drugs (payloads) covalently to monoclonal antibodies (mAbs) to be delivered to tumor tissue that express their particular antigen, with the theoretical ...

    Abstract Antibody-drug conjugates (ADCs) are an innovative family of agents assembled through linking cytotoxic drugs (payloads) covalently to monoclonal antibodies (mAbs) to be delivered to tumor tissue that express their particular antigen, with the theoretical advantage of an augmented therapeutic ratio. As of June 2023, eleven ADCs have been approved by the Food and Drug Administration (FDA) and are on the market. These drugs have been added to the therapeutic armamentarium of acute myeloblastic and lymphoblastic leukemias, various types of lymphoma, breast, gastric or gastroesophageal junction, lung, urothelial, cervical, and ovarian cancers. They have proven to deliver more potent and effective anti-tumor activities than standard practice in a wide variety of indications. In addition to targeting antigen-expressing tumor cells, bystander effects have been engineered to extend cytotoxic killing to low-antigen-expressing or negative tumor cells in the heterogenous tumor milieu. Inevitably, myelosuppression is a common side effect with most of the ADCs due to the effects of the cytotoxic payload. Also, other unique side effects are specific to the tissue antigen that is targeted for, such as the cardiac toxicity with Her-2 targeting ADCs, and the hemorrhagic side effects with the tissue factor (TF) targeting Tisotumab vedotin. Further exciting developments are centered in the strategies to improve the tolerability and efficacy of the ADCs to improve the therapeutic window; as well as the development of novel payloads including (1) peptide-drug conjugates (PDCs), with the peptide replacing the monoclonal antibody, rendering greater tumor penetration; (2) immune-stimulating antibody conjugates (ISACs), which upon conjugation of the antigen, cause an influx of pro-inflammatory cytokines to activate dendritic cells and harness an anti-tumor T-cell response; and (3) the use of radioactive isotopes as a payload to enhance cytotoxic activity.
    Language English
    Publishing date 2023-07-30
    Publishing country Switzerland
    Document type Journal Article ; Review
    ZDB-ID 2527080-1
    ISSN 2072-6694
    ISSN 2072-6694
    DOI 10.3390/cancers15153886
    Database MEDical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System OnLINE

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  4. Article: Exploring Data and Literature Currently Available on the COVID-19 Vaccines.

    Gogia, Pooja / Ashraf, Hamza / Bhasin, Sidharth / Frenia, Douglas

    Journal of community hospital internal medicine perspectives

    2022  Volume 12, Issue 1, Page(s) 7–12

    Abstract: The COVID-19 pandemic has been labeled one of the most lethal pandemics in human history. As a result, there has been a high level of urgency throughout the world to establish successful vaccinations to subdue the effects of the virus and return to a ... ...

    Abstract The COVID-19 pandemic has been labeled one of the most lethal pandemics in human history. As a result, there has been a high level of urgency throughout the world to establish successful vaccinations to subdue the effects of the virus and return to a level of normalcy. This study aims to investigate the different COVID-19 vaccines available both in the United States and across the globe. Through exploration of how the vaccines were developed, how they elicit immunity, their efficacy, and their safety profiles, this review has the goal of increasing the amount of knowledge regarding the vaccines available to combat SARS-CoV-2, while also providing an epidemiological and biostatistical approach to interpreting acquired data available on the vaccines.
    Language English
    Publishing date 2022-01-31
    Publishing country United States
    Document type Journal Article ; Review
    ZDB-ID 2616884-4
    ISSN 2000-9666
    ISSN 2000-9666
    DOI 10.55729/2000-9666.1001
    Database MEDical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System OnLINE

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  5. Article ; Online: Anal cytological abnormalities in human immunodeficiency virus-infected men and prevalence of high-risk human papillomavirus co-infection

    Atul Kakar / Pooja Bakshi / Shikhar Tripathi / Atul Gogia

    Current Medicine Research and Practice, Vol 12, Iss 4, Pp 152-

    2022  Volume 156

    Abstract: Background: Human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) infects cells of the immune system, leading to a compromised and depleted immune system. Progressive failure of the immune system predisposes an individual to many life-threatening opportunistic infections ... ...

    Abstract Background: Human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) infects cells of the immune system, leading to a compromised and depleted immune system. Progressive failure of the immune system predisposes an individual to many life-threatening opportunistic infections and malignancies. As compared to the general population, the incidence of anal squamous cell carcinoma (ASCC) is substantially higher in HIV-infected individuals. Majority of ASCC are related to infections caused by high-risk strains of human papillomavirus (HPV). Aims: We conducted an observational study on HIV-positive men who had a history of homosexual contact. The aim of this study was to assess the spectrum of cytological abnormalities on anal smear cytology in individuals with HIV infection, and also estimate the prevalence of anal infection with high-risk HPV strains. Materials and Methods: We enrolled 56 individuals for this pilot study. This study involved the collection of specimens from the anal canal of the patients by using cytobrush in liquid-based cytology (LBC) vial. The sample was simultaneously tested for cytological abnormalities by LBC (Sure Path, BD) and for 13 high-risk strains by Hybrid Capture II technique (Qiagen) based on antibody capture and chemiluminescent signal detection. Anal smear cytology was reported as per guidelines of The Bethesda System of reporting anal cytology, 2014. Results: The prevalence of high-risk HPV infection was seen in 41.07% of individuals and low-grade squamous intraepithelial lesion and atypical squamous cells of undetermined significance were seen in 12.5% and 16.07% individuals, respectively. Cytology was useful in 7% of cases to diagnose opportunistic infections. The latter is a field yet to be tapped. Conclusion: We would recommend LBC in HIV-positive patients, for screening of cytological abnormalities and HPV status. This would also give an opportunity to screen for opportunistic infections, which have otherwise not been diagnosed.
    Keywords anal squamous cell carcinoma ; human immunodeficiency virus/acquired immunodeficiency syndrome ; human papilloma virus ; liquid-based cytology ; Medicine ; R
    Subject code 616
    Language English
    Publishing date 2022-01-01T00:00:00Z
    Publisher Wolters Kluwer Medknow Publications
    Document type Article ; Online
    Database BASE - Bielefeld Academic Search Engine (life sciences selection)

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  6. Article: Rapidly Progressing Primary Membranous Nephropathy in a Hispanic Male With Elevated Levels of Anti-phospholipase A2 Receptor Antibodies.

    Ashraf, Hamza / Doukas, Sotirios G / Gogia, Pooja / Khan, Asim

    Cureus

    2021  Volume 13, Issue 6, Page(s) e15594

    Abstract: A 49-year-old Hispanic male presented to the Emergency Department with progressively worsening swelling in his extremities for the past two months. Physical examination was significant for diffuse edema, with concomitant initial laboratory tests ... ...

    Abstract A 49-year-old Hispanic male presented to the Emergency Department with progressively worsening swelling in his extremities for the past two months. Physical examination was significant for diffuse edema, with concomitant initial laboratory tests revealing hypoalbuminemia, hypercholesteremia, and proteinuria. A renal biopsy was performed, and the histopathology confirmed a diagnosis of membranous nephropathy through immunofluorescence and electron microscopy. Anti-phospholipase A2 receptor (anti-PLA2R) antibodies were detected on immunofluorescence, as well as high levels being discovered in the patient's serum, indicating a diagnosis of primary membranous nephropathy. The patient underwent adequate diuresis and was discharged. The patient presented six months later due to severe anasarca with laboratory tests indicating a rapid decline in renal function. He was then started on immunosuppressive therapy. Our rare case of a Hispanic male presenting with rapidly deteriorating renal function secondary to primary membranous nephropathy seeks to highlight the possibility of using anti-PLA2R antibodies as a marker for early initiation of immunosuppressive therapy as well as to encourage additional research on the course of disease progression in the Hispanic population.
    Language English
    Publishing date 2021-06-11
    Publishing country United States
    Document type Case Reports
    ZDB-ID 2747273-5
    ISSN 2168-8184
    ISSN 2168-8184
    DOI 10.7759/cureus.15594
    Database MEDical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System OnLINE

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  7. Article ; Online: Acute liver failure masquerading an occult malignancy.

    Gogia, Pooja / Doukas, Sotirios / Porcelli, Marcus / Gilbert, Tricia

    BMJ case reports

    2020  Volume 13, Issue 9

    Abstract: Acute liver failure (ALF) is a rare initial presentation of metastatic liver disease and is associated with high fatality. Our case report describes acute hepatic decompensation from an occult pancreatic malignancy. A 64-year-old man presented with ... ...

    Abstract Acute liver failure (ALF) is a rare initial presentation of metastatic liver disease and is associated with high fatality. Our case report describes acute hepatic decompensation from an occult pancreatic malignancy. A 64-year-old man presented with abdominal distension for 2 weeks associated with decreased appetite and a weight loss of 13.6 kg, over the past 8 months. Significant admission labs were serum creatinine: 6.15 mg/dL, serum bilirubin: 27 mg/dL, aspartate aminotransferase (AST): 316 u/L, alanine aminotransferase (ALT): 198 u/L and serum alkaline phosphatase: 2121 u/L. He was admitted to the medical intensive care unit and was started on dialysis for acute renal failure. MRI of the abdomen showed multiple masses in the liver concerning for metastatic disease, cystic lesions in the pancreatic body and ascites. He underwent paracentesis and ascitic fluid analysis was positive for adenocarcinoma. CA 19-9 was 17 828 u/mL. The patient's condition gradually deteriorated, and he died of cardiac arrest.
    MeSH term(s) Diagnosis, Differential ; Humans ; Liver/pathology ; Liver Failure, Acute/complications ; Liver Failure, Acute/diagnosis ; Liver Failure, Acute/physiopathology ; Liver Function Tests/methods ; Magnetic Resonance Imaging/methods ; Male ; Middle Aged ; Neoplasms/diagnosis ; Neoplasms/physiopathology
    Language English
    Publishing date 2020-09-14
    Publishing country England
    Document type Case Reports ; Journal Article
    ISSN 1757-790X
    ISSN (online) 1757-790X
    DOI 10.1136/bcr-2020-235935
    Database MEDical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System OnLINE

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  8. Article: Thrombotic Thrombocytopenic Purpura: Revisiting a Miss and an Inevitable Consequence.

    Gogia, Pooja / Gbujie, Ezioma / Benge, Elizabeth / Bhasin, Sidharth

    Cureus

    2020  Volume 12, Issue 7, Page(s) e9283

    Abstract: Thrombotic thrombocytopenic purpura (TTP) is typically characterized by the symptomatic pentad of fever, thrombocytopenia, microangiopathic hemolytic anemia, neurologic abnormalities, and renal failure. Atypical TTP is the diagnosis used to describe the ... ...

    Abstract Thrombotic thrombocytopenic purpura (TTP) is typically characterized by the symptomatic pentad of fever, thrombocytopenia, microangiopathic hemolytic anemia, neurologic abnormalities, and renal failure. Atypical TTP is the diagnosis used to describe the subset of patients with TTP who present with symptoms that deviate from the classic pentad. We report a case an 86-year-old woman who presented to the emergency department complaining of chest pain for one day. She was reportedly on antibiotics for sinus infection. Physical examination revealed multiple bilateral superficial hematomas, predominantly on her extremities. On admission, her lab values were as follows: platelet count of 6,000/cubic millimeter, hemoglobin of 10.4 grams/deciliter, leukocyte count of 5100 cells/cubic millimeter, total bilirubin of 2.3 milligrams/deciliter, and troponin-I of 5.190 nanograms/milliliter. Peripheral blood smear was normal and did not reveal any schistocytes. The patient was admitted to the intensive care unit with a diagnosis of a non-ST-elevation myocardial infarction and a presumed diagnosis of immune thrombocytopenic purpura from antibiotic use. She was treated with intravenous solumedrol and a high-intensity statin. On the third day of her admission, the patient's mental functioning deteriorated and was intubated to protect her airway. A second peripheral smear revealed schistocytes, and subsequent laboratory studies supported the diagnosis of TTP. Plasma exchange therapy was planned. However, the patient succumbed to cardiac arrest before it could be initiated. The diagnosis was later confirmed with an ADAMTS13 (a disintegrin and metalloproteinase with a thrombospondin type 1 motif, member 13) assay.  This case serves as an example of one of the many ways in which TTP can present, and emphasizes the importance of considering TTP as a differential diagnosis.
    Language English
    Publishing date 2020-07-19
    Publishing country United States
    Document type Case Reports
    ZDB-ID 2747273-5
    ISSN 2168-8184
    ISSN 2168-8184
    DOI 10.7759/cureus.9283
    Database MEDical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System OnLINE

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  9. Article: Secondary Immune Thrombocytopenic Purpura Triggered by COVID-19.

    Watts, Abi / Raj, Kavin / Gogia, Pooja / Toquica Gahona, Christian C / Porcelli, Marcus

    Cureus

    2021  Volume 13, Issue 4, Page(s) e14505

    Abstract: Multiple infectious causes have been implicated with the development of secondary immune thrombocytopenic purpura (ITP). Nevertheless, new pathogens, including coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19), are recently being described in its development. A 41- ... ...

    Abstract Multiple infectious causes have been implicated with the development of secondary immune thrombocytopenic purpura (ITP). Nevertheless, new pathogens, including coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19), are recently being described in its development. A 41-year-old Hispanic male presented to the Emergency Department with a two-day history of bleeding gums and blood-tinged sputum. A severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) polymerase chain reaction (PCR) test was positive on admission. Initial laboratory studies showed severe thrombocytopenia of 3x10
    Language English
    Publishing date 2021-04-15
    Publishing country United States
    Document type Case Reports
    ZDB-ID 2747273-5
    ISSN 2168-8184
    ISSN 2168-8184
    DOI 10.7759/cureus.14505
    Database MEDical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System OnLINE

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  10. Article ; Online: Hypercalcaemia, Renal Dysfunction, Anaemia, Bone Disease (CRAB Criteria): A Case of Lymphoma.

    Singh, Balraj / Gogia, Pooja / Kaur, Parminder / Guragai, Nirmal / Maroules, Michael

    European journal of case reports in internal medicine

    2020  Volume 7, Issue 12, Page(s) 2140

    Abstract: Calcium elevation, Renal dysfunction, Anaemia and Bone disease (CRAB criteria) are usually seen in multiple myeloma (MM). We report a unique case of lymphoma with all the features of CRAB criteria. We describe a 59-year-old patient who presented with ... ...

    Abstract Calcium elevation, Renal dysfunction, Anaemia and Bone disease (CRAB criteria) are usually seen in multiple myeloma (MM). We report a unique case of lymphoma with all the features of CRAB criteria. We describe a 59-year-old patient who presented with confusion, severe back pain, fatigue and constipation and was found to have hypercalcaemia, kidney dysfunction, anaemia and multiple osteolytic lesions. Physical examination and imaging did not reveal any enlarged lymph nodes. Work-up for MM (serum protein electrophoresis, serum immunofixation, bone marrow biopsy) was negative. The patient was diagnosed with diffuse large B-cell lymphoma based on a pelvic mass biopsy. Hence, our case report suggests that CRAB criteria are not pathognomonic of MM and that in the appropriate clinical scenario, lymphoma is a possible diagnosis.
    Learning points: The CRAB criteria consist of end-organ damage with hypercalcaemia, renal dysfunction, anaemia and bone involvement.The CRAB criteria are not pathognomonic of multiple myeloma, and in the appropriate clinical scenario, lymphoma is a possible diagnosis.Major mechanisms by which hypercalcaemia of malignancy can occur are tumour secretion of parathyroid hormone-related protein (PTHrP), osteolytic metastases with local release of cytokines, or tumour production of 1,25-dihydroxyvitamin D (calcitriol).
    Language English
    Publishing date 2020-12-21
    Publishing country Italy
    Document type Journal Article
    ISSN 2284-2594
    ISSN (online) 2284-2594
    DOI 10.12890/2020_002140
    Database MEDical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System OnLINE

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