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Article: Transient receptor potential vanilloid type 1 channels act as mechanoreceptors and cause substance P release and sensory activation in rat kidneys.

Feng, Nan-Hsiung / Lee, Hsang-Hsing / Shiang, Jeng-Chaun / Ma, Ming-Chieh

American journal of physiology. Renal physiology

2008 Volume 294, Issue 2, Page(s) F316–25

Abstract: Stimulation of capsaicin receptors results in an increase in afferent renal nerve activity (ARNA), but it is unclear how capsaicin contributes to sensory activation intrarenally. Here, we studied the relationships between capsaicin receptor activation, ... ...

Abstract	Stimulation of capsaicin receptors results in an increase in afferent renal nerve activity (ARNA), but it is unclear how capsaicin contributes to sensory activation intrarenally. Here, we studied the relationships between capsaicin receptor activation, substance P (SP) release, and the sensory response in the rat renal pelvis. Immunoblots showed that one of the capsaicin receptors, transient receptor potential vanilloid type 1 channel (TRPV1), was found in various renal tissues and was especially abundant in the renal pelvis, where most sensory nerve fibers originate. Interestingly, immunolabeling showed colocalization of TRPV1, SP, and the panneuronal marker PGP9.5 in the renal pelvis. Electrophysiological recordings showed that SP and capsaicin activated the same mechanosensitive ARNA in a single-unit preparation. Intrapelvic administration of capsaicin or a specific TRPV1 agonist, resiniferatoxin, resulted in a dose-dependent increase in multi-unit ARNA and SP release, and these effects were blocked by the TRVP1 blocker capsazepine. Inhibition of the SP receptor by L-703,606 largely prevented capsaicin- or resiniferatoxin-induced ARNA. Capsazepine also prevented intrapelvic pressure (IPP)-dependent ARNA activation and contralateral diuresis/natriuresis in the renorenal reflex at an IPP of 20 mmHg, but had no effect at an IPP of 50 mmHg. These data indicate that TRPV1, a low-pressure baroreceptor, is present in the renal pelvis and exclusively regulates neuropeptide release from primary renal afferent C-fibers in response to mechanostimulation.
MeSH term(s)	Action Potentials/drug effects ; Action Potentials/physiology ; Animals ; Blood Pressure/drug effects ; Blood Pressure/physiology ; Capsaicin/analogs & derivatives ; Capsaicin/pharmacology ; Cell Membrane/metabolism ; Cytosol/metabolism ; Diterpenes/pharmacology ; Electrophysiology ; Female ; Kidney/cytology ; Kidney/drug effects ; Kidney/physiology ; Kidney Pelvis/drug effects ; Kidney Pelvis/innervation ; Kidney Pelvis/metabolism ; Mechanoreceptors/drug effects ; Mechanoreceptors/physiology ; Models, Biological ; Neurokinin-1 Receptor Antagonists ; Perfusion ; Quinuclidines/pharmacology ; Rats ; Rats, Wistar ; Receptors, Neurokinin-1/metabolism ; Sensory System Agents/pharmacology ; Substance P/metabolism ; Substance P/pharmacology ; TRPV Cation Channels/agonists ; TRPV Cation Channels/antagonists & inhibitors ; TRPV Cation Channels/physiology ; Ubiquitin Thiolesterase/metabolism
Chemical Substances	Diterpenes ; Neurokinin-1 Receptor Antagonists ; Quinuclidines ; Receptors, Neurokinin-1 ; Sensory System Agents ; TRPV Cation Channels ; Trpv1 protein, rat ; L 703606 (144425-84-3) ; Substance P (33507-63-0) ; resiniferatoxin (A5O6P1UL4I) ; UCHL1 protein, rat (EC 3.4.19.12) ; Ubiquitin Thiolesterase (EC 3.4.19.12) ; capsazepine (LFW48MY844) ; Capsaicin (S07O44R1ZM)
Language	English
Publishing date	2008-02
Publishing country	United States
Document type	Journal Article ; Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't
ZDB-ID	603837-2
ISSN	1522-1466 ; 1931-857X ; 0363-6127
ISSN (online)	1522-1466
ISSN	1931-857X ; 0363-6127
DOI	10.1152/ajprenal.00308.2007
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Article ; Online: Effects of cultured human adipose-derived stem cells transplantation on rabbit cornea regeneration after alkaline chemical burn

Hsiu-Fen Lin / Yung-Chang Lai / Chih-Feng Tai / Jin-Lian Tsai / Huan-Chen Hsu / Ruey-Fen Hsu / Sheng-Nan Lu / Nan-Hsiung Feng / Chee-Yin Chai / Chung-Hsun Lee

Kaohsiung Journal of Medical Sciences, Vol 29, Iss 1, Pp 14-

2013 Volume 18

Abstract: Ocular chemical burn is a severe injury with poor outcomes. Immediate and appropriate management is highly related to prognosis. We studied the effect of cultured human adipose tissue-derived stem cells on the regeneration of the rabbit cornea after ... ...

Abstract	Ocular chemical burn is a severe injury with poor outcomes. Immediate and appropriate management is highly related to prognosis. We studied the effect of cultured human adipose tissue-derived stem cells on the regeneration of the rabbit cornea after alkaline chemical burn, using used human adipose tissue-derived stem cells as the source material. Immediately after the chemical burn, the experimental eye received a single subconjunctival injection of a stem cell suspension (1.3 × 105 cells/0.2 mL), with the other eye serving as control. Rabbits were sacrificed and specimens taken 30 days after injection. The experimental group showed faster wound healing than the control group, and the result for the experimental group was clearer cornea medium. Histologically, there were five to six epithelial cell layers on the corneas of the experimental group as compared to two to three cell layers on the corneas of the control group. Wilcoxon signed rank test showed a significant difference in the epithelial cell layers between the two groups. Surface markers for connexin 43 (Cx43), β-catenin, E-cadherin, and P63 were analyzed. Cx43 and β-catenin showed significant change, as determined by the Wilcoxon signed rank test, which indicated good cell renewal during repair of the corneal epithelium damaged by the chemical burn. E-cadherin and P63 showed no significant change during the epithelium healing process. Transplantation of cultured human adipose tissue-derived stem cells as a treatment for a corneal chemical burn promotes cell renewal and assists in damage repair.
Keywords	Chemical burn ; Regeneration ; Stem cells ; Transplantation ; Medicine (General) ; R5-920
Subject code	571
Language	English
Publishing date	2013-01-01T00:00:00Z
Publisher	Wiley
Document type	Article ; Online
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Article: Non-septicemic Burkholderia pseudomallei liver abscess in a young man.

Ben, Ren-Jy / Tsai, Yuh-Yuan / Chen, Jyh-Ching / Feng, Nan-Hsiung

Journal of microbiology, immunology, and infection = Wei mian yu gan ran za zhi

2004 Volume 37, Issue 4, Page(s) 254–257

Abstract: Melioidosis, caused by Burkholderia pseudomallei, has been increasingly recognized in Taiwan recently. Its isolation in liver abscess is rare compared to pulmonary melioidosis. We report a case of liver abscess due to B. pseudomallei in an ... ...

Abstract	Melioidosis, caused by Burkholderia pseudomallei, has been increasingly recognized in Taiwan recently. Its isolation in liver abscess is rare compared to pulmonary melioidosis. We report a case of liver abscess due to B. pseudomallei in an immunocompetent 27-year-old male soldier admitted due to fever, sore throat and mild non-productive cough for 1 week. Physical examination was unremarkable except for congestion of the pharyngeal wall, moderate enlargement of the tonsils without pus coating, and palpable tender lymphadenopathy over bilateral submental regions. Antibiotic treatment with cefazolin 1 g every 8 hours intravenously was given without response. Left flank pain, followed by right flank pain associated with epigastric tenderness developed. Sonography and computed tomography scan of the abdomen demonstrated liver abscess. Aspiration of the liver abscess was performed and abscess culture yielded B. pseudomallei. Treatment with ceftazidime 2 g every 8 hours intravenously (4 weeks' duration) followed by oral regimens of amoxicillin-clavulanate was given. The patient was free of symptoms at 8 months' follow-up. Early awareness and definite diagnosis as well as institution of proper antimicrobial agents are imperative for successful treatment of melioidosis.
MeSH term(s)	Adult ; Anti-Bacterial Agents/therapeutic use ; Burkholderia pseudomallei/isolation & purification ; Burkholderia pseudomallei/pathogenicity ; Ceftazidime/therapeutic use ; Humans ; Liver Abscess/diagnosis ; Liver Abscess/drug therapy ; Liver Abscess/microbiology ; Male ; Melioidosis/diagnosis ; Melioidosis/drug therapy ; Melioidosis/microbiology
Chemical Substances	Anti-Bacterial Agents ; Ceftazidime (9M416Z9QNR)
Language	English
Publishing date	2004-08
Publishing country	England
Document type	Case Reports ; Journal Article
ZDB-ID	1497590-7
ISSN	1684-1182 ; 0253-2662
ISSN	1684-1182 ; 0253-2662
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Article: Effects of cultured human adipose-derived stem cells transplantation on rabbit cornea regeneration after alkaline chemical burn.

Lin, Hsiu-Fen / Lai, Yung-Chang / Tai, Chih-Feng / Tsai, Jin-Lian / Hsu, Huan-Chen / Hsu, Ruey-Fen / Lu, Sheng-Nan / Feng, Nan-Hsiung / Chai, Chee-Yin / Lee, Chung-Hsun

The Kaohsiung journal of medical sciences

2013 Volume 29, Issue 1, Page(s) 14–18

Abstract	Ocular chemical burn is a severe injury with poor outcomes. Immediate and appropriate management is highly related to prognosis. We studied the effect of cultured human adipose tissue-derived stem cells on the regeneration of the rabbit cornea after alkaline chemical burn, using used human adipose tissue-derived stem cells as the source material. Immediately after the chemical burn, the experimental eye received a single subconjunctival injection of a stem cell suspension (1.3 × 10(5) cells/0.2 mL), with the other eye serving as control. Rabbits were sacrificed and specimens taken 30 days after injection. The experimental group showed faster wound healing than the control group, and the result for the experimental group was clearer cornea medium. Histologically, there were five to six epithelial cell layers on the corneas of the experimental group as compared to two to three cell layers on the corneas of the control group. Wilcoxon signed rank test showed a significant difference in the epithelial cell layers between the two groups. Surface markers for connexin 43 (Cx43), β-catenin, E-cadherin, and P63 were analyzed. Cx43 and β-catenin showed significant change, as determined by the Wilcoxon signed rank test, which indicated good cell renewal during repair of the corneal epithelium damaged by the chemical burn. E-cadherin and P63 showed no significant change during the epithelium healing process. Transplantation of cultured human adipose tissue-derived stem cells as a treatment for a corneal chemical burn promotes cell renewal and assists in damage repair.
MeSH term(s)	Adipose Tissue/cytology ; Adipose Tissue/metabolism ; Adult Stem Cells/cytology ; Adult Stem Cells/metabolism ; Adult Stem Cells/transplantation ; Alkalies ; Animals ; Biomarkers/metabolism ; Burns, Chemical/pathology ; Burns, Chemical/therapy ; Cell Differentiation ; Cells, Cultured ; Connexin 43/genetics ; Connexin 43/metabolism ; Corneal Injuries ; Eye Burns/chemically induced ; Eye Burns/pathology ; Eye Burns/therapy ; Gene Expression ; Humans ; Injections, Intraocular ; Rabbits ; Re-Epithelialization/physiology ; Stem Cell Transplantation ; Tumor Suppressor Protein p53/genetics ; Tumor Suppressor Protein p53/metabolism ; beta Catenin/genetics ; beta Catenin/metabolism
Chemical Substances	Alkalies ; Biomarkers ; Connexin 43 ; Tumor Suppressor Protein p53 ; beta Catenin
Language	English
Publishing date	2013-01
Publishing country	China (Republic : 1949- )
Document type	Journal Article ; Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't
ZDB-ID	639302-0
ISSN	1607-551X ; 0257-5655
ISSN	1607-551X ; 0257-5655
DOI	10.1016/j.kjms.2012.08.002
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Article: Pharmacological modulation of TNF production in macrophages.

Lin, Hen-I / Chu, Shi-Jye / Wang, David / Feng, Nan-Hsiung

Journal of microbiology, immunology, and infection = Wei mian yu gan ran za zhi

2004 Volume 37, Issue 1, Page(s) 8–15

Abstract: The quantity and duration of production of tumor necrosis factor (TNF) is tightly controlled due to its potential to cause serious harm. For example, TNF release in response to overwhelming bacterial infection has been implicated as the first step in ... ...

Abstract	The quantity and duration of production of tumor necrosis factor (TNF) is tightly controlled due to its potential to cause serious harm. For example, TNF release in response to overwhelming bacterial infection has been implicated as the first step in potentially lethal septic shock. Prostaglandins and leukotrienes are thought to play opposing roles in regulating TNF production by monocytes and macrophages. We investigated the effects of 5 drugs on the production of TNF by cells of the murine macrophage line RAW264 after stimulation with bacterial lipopolysaccharide endotoxin (LPS). These drugs were of the following 3 classes: cyclooxygenase inhibitors indomethacin (indo) and ibuprofen (ibu); 5-lipoxygenase inhibitors VZ 65 and AA-861; and methylxanthine pentoxyfilline (PTX). While indo and ibu treatment resulted in increased TNF production, PTX, VZ 65, and AA-861 significantly inhibited TNF production, whether administered simultaneously with LPS or 30 min after LPS treatment. VZ 65 and AA-861 also inhibited prostaglandin E2 (PGE2) production, coupled with an absence of any rise in intracellular cAMP. Leukotriene B4 (LTB4) levels peaked at 15 min and approached background level at 30 min after LPS treatment. Taken together, these data suggest that VZ 65 and AA-861 may inhibit TNF production through mechanism(s) independent of LTB4 production. VZ 65, AA-861, and PTX all diminished the rate of TNF mRNA transcription, yet VZ 65 and AA-861 appeared to enhance message stability. We conclude that while PTX reduced TNF protein levels by inhibiting TNF mRNA transcription, both VZ 65 and AA-861 exerted opposing effects on TNF transcription and increased mRNA stability.
MeSH term(s)	Animals ; Benzoquinones/pharmacology ; Cell Line ; Cyclooxygenase Inhibitors/pharmacology ; Ibuprofen/pharmacology ; Indomethacin/pharmacology ; Lipopolysaccharides/pharmacology ; Lipoxygenase Inhibitors/pharmacology ; Macrophage Activation/drug effects ; Macrophages/drug effects ; Macrophages/immunology ; Mice ; Pentoxifylline/pharmacology ; Tumor Necrosis Factor-alpha/biosynthesis
Chemical Substances	Benzoquinones ; Cyclooxygenase Inhibitors ; Lipopolysaccharides ; Lipoxygenase Inhibitors ; Tumor Necrosis Factor-alpha ; 2,3,5-trimethyl-6-(12-hydroxy-5,10-dodecadiynyl)-1,4-benzoquinone (80809-81-0) ; Pentoxifylline (SD6QCT3TSU) ; Ibuprofen (WK2XYI10QM) ; Indomethacin (XXE1CET956)
Language	English
Publishing date	2004-02
Publishing country	England
Document type	Journal Article
ZDB-ID	1497590-7
ISSN	1684-1182 ; 0253-2662
ISSN	1684-1182 ; 0253-2662
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Article: In vitro activity of isepamicin and other aminoglycosides against clinical isolates of Gram-negative bacteria causing nosocomial bloodstream infections.

Tsai, Tung-Yuan / Chang, Shan-Chwen / Hsueh, Po-Ren / Feng, Nan-Hsiung / Wang, Jann-Tay

Journal of microbiology, immunology, and infection = Wei mian yu gan ran za zhi

2007 Volume 40, Issue 6, Page(s) 481–486

Abstract: Background and purpose: Isepamicin is a newly introduced aminoglycoside in Taiwan. Since in vitro data for isepamicin against nosocomial Gram-negative bloodstream infection from Taiwan are limited, we compared the activity of isepamicin, amikacin, ... ...

Abstract	Background and purpose: Isepamicin is a newly introduced aminoglycoside in Taiwan. Since in vitro data for isepamicin against nosocomial Gram-negative bloodstream infection from Taiwan are limited, we compared the activity of isepamicin, amikacin, gentamicin and tobramycin against nosocomial Gram-negative blood isolates. Methods: A total of 247 non-duplicate nosocomial blood isolates of Gram-negative bacteria collected between January 2003 and December 2003 in a major teaching hospital in Taiwan were tested for their in vitro susceptibilities to gentamicin, tobramycin, amikacin, and isepamicin using the agar dilution method. The isolates included Escherichia coli (31 isolates), Klebsiella pneumoniae (31), Enterobacter cloacae (30), Serratia marcescens (31), Morganella morganii (21), Citrobacter freundii (10), Pseudomonas aeruginosa (31), Acinetobacter baumannii (31), and Stenotrophomonas maltophilia (31). Results: Overall, isepamicin had high antibacterial activity against the tested Gram-negative bacteria. For the 154 Enterobacteriaceae isolates, isepamicin had the lowest minimum concentration inhibiting 90% of isolates (MIC90) among the tested drugs, while its resistance rate (3.9%) was equal to that of amikacin (3.9%) and lower than those of tobramycin (18.2%) and gentamicin (21.4%). For the 93 of non-fermentative Gram-negative bacilli isolates, isepamicin had the lowest MIC90, and a resistance rate (23.7%) lower than those of amikacin (27.9%), tobramycin (38.7%) and gentamicin (40.9%). Conclusions: The in vitro activity of isepamicin against Gram-negative bacteria isolates was equal or similar to amikacin and superior to other tested aminoglycosides. In view of its potential for less nephrotoxicity and ototoxicity than other aminoglycosides, isepamicin is a drug of choice for the empirical treatment of nosocomial infections caused by Gram-negative bacteria.
MeSH term(s)	Aminoglycosides/pharmacology ; Anti-Bacterial Agents/pharmacology ; Bacteremia/microbiology ; Cross Infection/microbiology ; Gentamicins/pharmacology ; Gram-Negative Bacteria/drug effects ; Gram-Negative Bacterial Infections/microbiology ; Humans ; Microbial Sensitivity Tests ; Taiwan
Chemical Substances	Aminoglycosides ; Anti-Bacterial Agents ; Gentamicins ; isepamicin (G7K224460P)
Language	English
Publishing date	2007-12
Publishing country	England
Document type	Comparative Study ; Evaluation Studies ; Journal Article
ZDB-ID	1497590-7
ISSN	1684-1182 ; 0253-2662
ISSN	1684-1182 ; 0253-2662
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Article: Pseudomonas aeruginosa endocarditis associated with endophthalmitis caused by arteriovenous fistula and graft infection.

Hsu, Kuo-Hwa / Ben, Ren-Jy / Shiang, Jeng-Chuan / Feng, Nan-Hsiung

Journal of the Chinese Medical Association : JCMA

2003 Volume 66, Issue 10, Page(s) 617–620

Abstract: Bacterial endocarditis due to Pseudomonas aeruginosa arising from arteriovenous (AV) fistula and graft infection is unusual. We report an uncommon case of a 55-year-old woman housewife with chronic glomerulonephritis who had received hemodialysis (HD) ... ...

Abstract	Bacterial endocarditis due to Pseudomonas aeruginosa arising from arteriovenous (AV) fistula and graft infection is unusual. We report an uncommon case of a 55-year-old woman housewife with chronic glomerulonephritis who had received hemodialysis (HD) for 5 years. She was admitted due to frequent episodes of AV fistula and graft infections in the past 5 years. She was admitted to our hospital because of a fever of unknown origin. During hospitalization, cardiac sonography and transesophageal echocardiography (TEE) confirmed a vegetation over the mitral valve. Blood culture yielded Pseudomonas aeruginosa. Endophthalmitis of the right eye was diagnosed by funduscopy because of painful redness of the right eye with exudative discharge. The patient was treated with ceftazidime for 9 weeks. Since then, she has been well, without any sequale after 1 year of following up. Physicians should be aware of the possibility of infective endocarditis in an uremic patient who suffers from fever of unknown origin. Early diagnosis with an adequate tool such as TEE and appropriate treatment will lead to an excellent prognosis.
MeSH term(s)	Arteriovenous Shunt, Surgical/adverse effects ; Blood Vessel Prosthesis ; Endocarditis, Bacterial/etiology ; Endophthalmitis/etiology ; Female ; Humans ; Kidney Failure, Chronic/therapy ; Middle Aged ; Prosthesis-Related Infections/complications ; Pseudomonas Infections/etiology ; Pseudomonas aeruginosa
Language	English
Publishing date	2003-06-23
Publishing country	Netherlands
Document type	Case Reports ; Journal Article
ZDB-ID	2107283-8
ISSN	1728-7731 ; 1726-4901
ISSN (online)	1728-7731
ISSN	1726-4901
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Zs.A 2699: Show issues

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Article: Rapid diagnosis of bacterial meningitis using a microarray.

Ben, Ren-Jy / Kung, Suefang / Chang, Feng-Yee / Lu, Jang-Jih / Feng, Nan-Hsiung / Hsieh, Yao-Dung

Journal of the Formosan Medical Association = Taiwan yi zhi

2008 Volume 107, Issue 6, Page(s) 448–453

Abstract: Background/purpose: Microarrays, or biochips, are a new technology that can allow rapid detection of bacterial genetic materials. To explore their practical applications, we compared use of a microarray for the diagnosis of bacterial meningitis with the ...

Abstract	Background/purpose: Microarrays, or biochips, are a new technology that can allow rapid detection of bacterial genetic materials. To explore their practical applications, we compared use of a microarray for the diagnosis of bacterial meningitis with the traditional blood and cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) culture methods. Methods: Samples from 50 patients with suspected bacterial meningitis were analyzed by microarray and by traditional blood and CSF cultures. Results: Among all samples, 11 were positive by microarray analysis, seven were positive by CSF bacterial culture and six were positive by blood culture. CSF pleocytosis was found in 26 patients. Of these, eight were positive by microarray analysis, seven were positive by CSF culture and five were positive by blood culture. The percentage of positive results from microarray analysis was 22%, compared to 14% by CSF culture and 12% by blood culture. The CSF bacterial culture method had the highest positive predictive value and specificity (both 100%). The sensitivity of microarray analysis was higher (30.8%) than that of CSF and blood cultures (26.9% and 19.2%). All three methods had a similar negative predictive value in the range of 52.3-55.8%. Of the 11 microarray positive samples, four were identified successfully in CSF culture (36.4%) and three samples were identified in blood culture (27.2%). One of the microarray positive samples was diagnosed as a polymicrobial infection (9%), and the rest were monomicrobial infections. Conclusion: The microarray method provides a more accurate and rapid diagnostic tool for bacterial meningitis compared to traditional culture methods. Clinical application of this new technique may reduce the potential risk of delay in treatment.
MeSH term(s)	Adult ; Aged ; Aged, 80 and over ; Child, Preschool ; Female ; Humans ; Infant ; Male ; Meningitis, Bacterial/diagnosis ; Meningitis, Bacterial/microbiology ; Microarray Analysis ; Sensitivity and Specificity
Language	English
Publishing date	2008-06
Publishing country	Singapore
Document type	Comparative Study ; Journal Article
ZDB-ID	2096659-3
ISSN	1876-0821 ; 0929-6646
ISSN (online)	1876-0821
ISSN	0929-6646
DOI	10.1016/S0929-6646(08)60152-7
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Article: Effects of various antioxidants on endotoxin-induced lung injury and gene expression: mRNA expressions of MnSOD, interleukin-1beta and iNOS.

Feng, Nan-Hsiung / Chu, Shi-Jye / Wang, David / Hsu, Kang / Lin, Chun-Hsiu / Lin, Hen-I

The Chinese journal of physiology

2004 Volume 47, Issue 3, Page(s) 111–120

Abstract: Antioxidants have been shown to be effective in attenuating acute lung injury. In this study, we determine the effects of various antioxidants by different mechanisms on the lipopolysaccharide (LPS)-induced changes. LPS was administered intravenously at ... ...

Abstract	Antioxidants have been shown to be effective in attenuating acute lung injury. In this study, we determine the effects of various antioxidants by different mechanisms on the lipopolysaccharide (LPS)-induced changes. LPS was administered intravenously at a dose of 10 mg/kg to anesthetized rats. LPS induced a significant decrease in blood pressure (P < 0.01) and increased exhaled nitric oxide (NO) from 3.60+/-0.18 to 35.53+/-3.23 ppb (P < 0.01) during an observation period of 4 h. Plasma nitrate concentrations also increased from 0.61+/-0.06 to 1.54+/-0.22 micromol/l (P < 0.05). LPS-induced oxygen radical release from white blood cells isolated from rat peripheral blood also increased significantly (P < 0.001). After the experiment, the lung weight was obtained and lung tissues were taken for the determination of mRNA expression of inducible nitric oxide synthase (iNOS), tumor necrosis factor alpha (TNF-alpha), interleukin-1beta (IL-1beta) and manganese superoxide dismutase (MnSOD). Histological examination of the lungs was also performed. In the control group injected with saline solution, mRNA expressions of iNOS, IL-1beta, TNF-alpha and MnSOD were absent. Four hours after LPS administration, mRNA expressions of iNOS, IL-1beta, and MnSOD were significantly enhanced, but TNF-alpha was not discernibly expressed. LPS also caused a twofold increase in lung weight. Pathological examination revealed endothelial cell damage and interstitial edema. Various antioxidants were given 1 h after LPS administration. These agents include SOD, catalase (CAT), SOD + CAT or vitamin C (ascorbic acid). These antioxidants effectively reversed the systemic hypotension, reduced the quantity of exhaled NO and plasma nitrate concentration, and prevented acute lung injury. Administration of various antioxidants also significantly attenuated LPS-induced oxygen radical release by rat white blood cells. LPS induced mRNA expressions of MnSOD and iNOS were significantly depressed by these antioxidants. However, only SOD + CAT and vitamin C inhibited the mRNA expression of IL-1beta. These results suggest that oxygen radicals are responsible for LPS-induced lung injury. Antioxidants can attenuate the lung injury by inhibiting mRNA expressions of iNOS and IL-1beta.
MeSH term(s)	Animals ; Antioxidants/pharmacology ; Ascorbic Acid/pharmacology ; Blood Pressure/drug effects ; Catalase/pharmacology ; Endotoxins/pharmacology ; Exhalation/drug effects ; Gene Expression/drug effects ; Interleukin-1/genetics ; Interleukin-1/metabolism ; Lipopolysaccharides/pharmacology ; Luminescent Measurements ; Lung/metabolism ; Lung/pathology ; Lung Diseases/chemically induced ; Lung Diseases/metabolism ; Lung Diseases/pathology ; Male ; Nitrates/blood ; Nitric Oxide ; Nitric Oxide Synthase/genetics ; Nitric Oxide Synthase/metabolism ; Nitric Oxide Synthase Type II ; Osmolar Concentration ; RNA, Messenger/metabolism ; Rats ; Rats, Sprague-Dawley ; Superoxide Dismutase/genetics ; Superoxide Dismutase/metabolism ; Superoxide Dismutase/pharmacology ; Tumor Necrosis Factor-alpha/metabolism
Chemical Substances	Antioxidants ; Endotoxins ; Interleukin-1 ; Lipopolysaccharides ; Nitrates ; RNA, Messenger ; Tumor Necrosis Factor-alpha ; Nitric Oxide (31C4KY9ESH) ; Catalase (EC 1.11.1.6) ; Nitric Oxide Synthase (EC 1.14.13.39) ; Nitric Oxide Synthase Type II (EC 1.14.13.39) ; Nos2 protein, rat (EC 1.14.13.39) ; Superoxide Dismutase (EC 1.15.1.1) ; Ascorbic Acid (PQ6CK8PD0R)
Language	English
Publishing date	2004-11-05
Publishing country	India
Document type	Journal Article
ZDB-ID	966112-8
ISSN	0304-4920 ; 0300-8525
ISSN	0304-4920 ; 0300-8525
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Article ; Online: An Embedded Gateway with Communication Extension and Backup Capabilities for ZigBee-Based Monitoring and Control Systems

Ke-Feng Lin / Shih-Sung Lin / Min-Hsiung Hung / Chung-Hsien Kuo / Ping-Nan Chen

Applied Sciences, Vol 9, Iss 3, p

2019 Volume 456

Abstract: ZigBee wireless sensor devices possess characteristics of small size, light weight, low power consumption, having up to 65535 nodes in a sensor network, in theory. Therefore, the ZigBee wireless sensor network (WSN) is very suitable for use in developing ...

Abstract	ZigBee wireless sensor devices possess characteristics of small size, light weight, low power consumption, having up to 65535 nodes in a sensor network, in theory. Therefore, the ZigBee wireless sensor network (WSN) is very suitable for use in developing monitoring and control (MC) applications, such as remote healthcare, industrial control, fire detection, environmental monitoring, and so on. This dissertation is directed towards the research on the issues of communication extension and backup, encountered in creating ZigBee-based MC systems for military storerooms, together with providing associated solutions. We design an embedded gateway that possesses wired network (Ethernet) and wireless communication (GSM) backup capability. The gateway can not only easily extend the monitoring distance of the ZigBee-based MCS, but can also solve the problem that some military zones do not have wire networks or possess communication blind spots. The results of this dissertation have been practically applied in constructing a paradigm monitoring system of a military storeroom. It is believed that the research results could be a useful reference for developing ZigBee-based MCSs in the future.
Keywords	ZigBee ; embedded gateway ; communication backup ; communication blind spots ; Technology ; T ; Engineering (General). Civil engineering (General) ; TA1-2040 ; Biology (General) ; QH301-705.5 ; Physics ; QC1-999 ; Chemistry ; QD1-999
Subject code	600
Language	English
Publishing date	2019-01-01T00:00:00Z
Publisher	MDPI AG
Document type	Article ; Online
Database	BASE - Bielefeld Academic Search Engine (life sciences selection)

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