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Article ; Online: The Risk of Underestimating the Contribution of Children to Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome Coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) Pandemic.

Darcis, Gilles / Meuris, Christelle / Kremer, Cécile / Faes, Christel / Hens, Niel

Clinical infectious diseases : an official publication of the Infectious Diseases Society of America

2021 Volume 74, Issue 4, Page(s) 747

MeSH term(s)	COVID-19 ; Child ; Humans ; Middle East Respiratory Syndrome Coronavirus ; Pandemics ; SARS-CoV-2
Language	English
Publishing date	2021-06-30
Publishing country	United States
Document type	Letter ; Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't ; Comment
ZDB-ID	1099781-7
ISSN	1537-6591 ; 1058-4838
ISSN (online)	1537-6591
ISSN	1058-4838
DOI	10.1093/cid/ciab571
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Article ; Online: Controlling SARS-CoV-2 in schools using repetitive testing strategies.

Torneri, Andrea / Willem, Lander / Colizza, Vittoria / Kremer, Cécile / Meuris, Christelle / Darcis, Gilles / Hens, Niel / Libin, Pieter J K

eLife

2022 Volume 11

Abstract: SARS-CoV-2 remains a worldwide emergency. While vaccines have been approved and are widely administered, there is an ongoing debate whether children should be vaccinated or prioritized for vaccination. Therefore, in order to mitigate the spread of more ... ...

Abstract	SARS-CoV-2 remains a worldwide emergency. While vaccines have been approved and are widely administered, there is an ongoing debate whether children should be vaccinated or prioritized for vaccination. Therefore, in order to mitigate the spread of more transmissible SARS-CoV-2 variants among children, the use of non-pharmaceutical interventions is still warranted. We investigate the impact of different testing strategies on the SARS-CoV-2 infection dynamics in a primary school environment, using an individual-based modelling approach. Specifically, we consider three testing strategies: (1)
MeSH term(s)	COVID-19/epidemiology ; COVID-19/prevention & control ; Child ; Humans ; SARS-CoV-2 ; Schools
Language	English
Publishing date	2022-07-05
Publishing country	England
Document type	Journal Article ; Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't
ZDB-ID	2687154-3
ISSN	2050-084X ; 2050-084X
ISSN (online)	2050-084X
ISSN	2050-084X
DOI	10.7554/eLife.75593
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Article: Analysis of a Combined HBHA and ESAT-6-Interferon-γ-Release Assay for the Diagnosis of Tuberculous Lymphadenopathies.

Mascart, Françoise / Hites, Maya / Watelet, Emmanuelle / Verschelden, Gil / Meuris, Christelle / Doyen, Jean-Luc / Van Praet, Anne / Godefroid, Audrey / Petit, Emmanuelle / Singh, Mahavir / Locht, Camille / Corbière, Véronique

Journal of clinical medicine

2023 Volume 12, Issue 6

Abstract: Background and objectives: The incidence of tuberculosis lymphadenopathy (TBLA) is increasing, and diagnostic procedures lack sensitivity and are often highly invasive. TBLA may be asymptomatic, and differential diagnosis with other adenopathies (ADPs) ... ...

Abstract	Background and objectives: The incidence of tuberculosis lymphadenopathy (TBLA) is increasing, and diagnostic procedures lack sensitivity and are often highly invasive. TBLA may be asymptomatic, and differential diagnosis with other adenopathies (ADPs) is difficult. We evaluated a blood-cell interferon-γ release assay (IGRA) with two different stage-specific mycobacterial antigens for the differential diagnosis of ADP suspected of mycobacterial origin. Methods: Twenty-one patients were included and divided into three groups: (1) cervical/axillar ADP ( Results: An IGRA profile highly suggestive of active TB (higher IFN-γ response to ESAT-6 compared to HBHA) was found for 3/6 TBLA patients from group 1, and for all the TBLA patients from groups 2 and 3, whereas this profile was not noticed in patients with a final alternative diagnosis. Conclusion: These results highlight the potential value of this combined HBHA/ESAT-6 IGRA as a triage test for the differential diagnosis of ADP.
Language	English
Publishing date	2023-03-08
Publishing country	Switzerland
Document type	Journal Article
ZDB-ID	2662592-1
ISSN	2077-0383
ISSN	2077-0383
DOI	10.3390/jcm12062127
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Article ; Online: Reconstruction of SARS-CoV-2 outbreaks in a primary school using epidemiological and genomic data.

Kremer, Cécile / Torneri, Andrea / Libin, Pieter J K / Meex, Cécile / Hayette, Marie-Pierre / Bontems, Sébastien / Durkin, Keith / Artesi, Maria / Bours, Vincent / Lemey, Philippe / Darcis, Gilles / Hens, Niel / Meuris, Christelle

Epidemics

2023 Volume 44, Page(s) 100701

Abstract: Mathematical modelling studies have shown that repetitive screening can be used to mitigate SARS-CoV-2 transmission in primary schools while keeping schools open. However, not much is known about how transmission progresses within schools and whether ... ...

Abstract	Mathematical modelling studies have shown that repetitive screening can be used to mitigate SARS-CoV-2 transmission in primary schools while keeping schools open. However, not much is known about how transmission progresses within schools and whether there is a risk of importation to households. During the academic year 2020-2021, a prospective surveillance study using repetitive screening was conducted in a primary school and associated households in Liège (Belgium). SARS-CoV-2 screening was performed via throat washing either once or twice a week. We used genomic and epidemiological data to reconstruct the observed school outbreaks using two different models. The outbreaker2 model combines information on the generation time and contact patterns with a model of sequence evolution. For comparison we also used SCOTTI, a phylogenetic model based on the structured coalescent. In addition, we performed a simulation study to investigate how the accuracy of estimated positivity rates in a school depends on the proportion of a school that is sampled in a repetitive screening strategy. We found no difference in SARS-CoV-2 positivity between children and adults and children were not more often asymptomatic compared to adults. Both models for outbreak reconstruction revealed that transmission occurred mainly within the school environment. Uncertainty in outbreak reconstruction was lowest when including genomic as well as epidemiological data. We found that observed weekly positivity rates are a good approximation to the true weekly positivity rate, especially in children, even when only 25% of the school population is sampled. These results indicate that, in addition to reducing infections as shown in modelling studies, repetitive screening in school settings can lead to a better understanding of the extent of transmission in schools during a pandemic and importation risk at the community level.
MeSH term(s)	Adult ; Child ; Humans ; SARS-CoV-2/genetics ; Phylogeny ; Prospective Studies ; COVID-19/epidemiology ; Genomics ; Disease Outbreaks ; Schools
Language	English
Publishing date	2023-06-16
Publishing country	Netherlands
Document type	Journal Article ; Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't
ZDB-ID	2467993-8
ISSN	1878-0067 ; 1755-4365
ISSN (online)	1878-0067
ISSN	1755-4365
DOI	10.1016/j.epidem.2023.100701
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Article ; Online: Controlling SARS-CoV-2 in schools using repetitive testing strategies

Andrea Torneri / Lander Willem / Vittoria Colizza / Cécile Kremer / Christelle Meuris / Gilles Darcis / Niel Hens / Pieter JK Libin

eLife, Vol

2022 Volume 11

Abstract	SARS-CoV-2 remains a worldwide emergency. While vaccines have been approved and are widely administered, there is an ongoing debate whether children should be vaccinated or prioritized for vaccination. Therefore, in order to mitigate the spread of more transmissible SARS-CoV-2 variants among children, the use of non-pharmaceutical interventions is still warranted. We investigate the impact of different testing strategies on the SARS-CoV-2 infection dynamics in a primary school environment, using an individual-based modelling approach. Specifically, we consider three testing strategies: (1) symptomatic isolation, where we test symptomatic individuals and isolate them when they test positive, (2) reactive screening, where a class is screened once one symptomatic individual was identified, and (3) repetitive screening, where the school in its entirety is screened on regular time intervals. Through this analysis, we demonstrate that repetitive testing strategies can significantly reduce the attack rate in schools, contrary to a reactive screening or a symptomatic isolation approach. However, when a repetitive testing strategy is in place, more cases will be detected and class and school closures are more easily triggered, leading to a higher number of school days lost per child. While maintaining the epidemic under control with a repetitive testing strategy, we show that absenteeism can be reduced by relaxing class and school closure thresholds.
Keywords	repetitive testing ; epidemic control ; COVID-19 ; Medicine ; R ; Science ; Q ; Biology (General) ; QH301-705.5
Subject code	370
Language	English
Publishing date	2022-07-01T00:00:00Z
Publisher	eLife Sciences Publications Ltd
Document type	Article ; Online
Database	BASE - Bielefeld Academic Search Engine (life sciences selection)

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Article ; Online: Analysis of a Combined HBHA and ESAT-6-Interferon-γ-Release Assay for the Diagnosis of Tuberculous Lymphadenopathies

Françoise Mascart / Maya Hites / Emmanuelle Watelet / Gil Verschelden / Christelle Meuris / Jean-Luc Doyen / Anne Van Praet / Audrey Godefroid / Emmanuelle Petit / Mahavir Singh / Camille Locht / Véronique Corbière

Journal of Clinical Medicine, Vol 12, Iss 2127, p

2023 Volume 2127

Abstract: Background and Objectives: The incidence of tuberculosis lymphadenopathy (TBLA) is increasing, and diagnostic procedures lack sensitivity and are often highly invasive. TBLA may be asymptomatic, and differential diagnosis with other adenopathies (ADPs) ... ...

Abstract	Background and Objectives: The incidence of tuberculosis lymphadenopathy (TBLA) is increasing, and diagnostic procedures lack sensitivity and are often highly invasive. TBLA may be asymptomatic, and differential diagnosis with other adenopathies (ADPs) is difficult. We evaluated a blood-cell interferon-γ release assay (IGRA) with two different stage-specific mycobacterial antigens for the differential diagnosis of ADP suspected of mycobacterial origin. Methods: Twenty-one patients were included and divided into three groups: (1) cervical/axillar ADP ( n = 8), (2) mediastinal ADP ( n = 10), and (3) disseminated ADP ( n = 3). The mycobacterial antigens used for the IGRA were the heparin-binding haemagglutinin (HBHA) and the early-secreted antigenic target-6 (ESAT-6), a latency-associated antigen and a bacterial replication-related antigen, respectively. Diagnosis of TBLA based on microbiological results and/or response to anti-TB treatment was obtained for 15 patients. Results: An IGRA profile highly suggestive of active TB (higher IFN-γ response to ESAT-6 compared to HBHA) was found for 3/6 TBLA patients from group 1, and for all the TBLA patients from groups 2 and 3, whereas this profile was not noticed in patients with a final alternative diagnosis. Conclusion: These results highlight the potential value of this combined HBHA/ESAT-6 IGRA as a triage test for the differential diagnosis of ADP.
Keywords	tuberculous lymphadenopathy ; IGRA ; HBHA ; ESAT-6 ; Medicine ; R
Subject code	610
Language	English
Publishing date	2023-03-01T00:00:00Z
Publisher	MDPI AG
Document type	Article ; Online
Database	BASE - Bielefeld Academic Search Engine (life sciences selection)

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Article ; Online: Preemptive Antibody Therapy for Vaccine Breakthrough SARS-CoV-2 Infection in Immunocompromised Patients.

Catalano, Concetta / Servais, Sophie / Bonvoisin, Catherine / Couturier, Bruno / Hildebrand, Marc / Etienne, Isabelle / Meuris, Christelle / Goffard, Jean-Christophe / Wissing, Martin / Goldman, Michel / Le Moine, Alain

Transplantation

2021 Volume 105, Issue 12, Page(s) e282

MeSH term(s)	COVID-19 ; Humans ; Immunocompromised Host ; SARS-CoV-2 ; Vaccines
Chemical Substances	Vaccines
Language	English
Publishing date	2021-08-30
Publishing country	United States
Document type	Journal Article ; Comment
ZDB-ID	208424-7
ISSN	1534-6080 ; 0041-1337
ISSN (online)	1534-6080
ISSN	0041-1337
DOI	10.1097/TP.0000000000003942
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Article: The Dynamic Relationship between the Intention and Final Decision for the COVID-19 Booster: A Study among Students and Staff at the University of Liège, Belgium.

Paridans, Marine / Monseur, Justine / Donneau, Anne-Françoise / Gillain, Nicolas / Husson, Eddy / Leclercq, Dieudonné / Meuris, Christelle / Darcis, Gilles / Moutschen, Michel / Saegerman, Claude / Gillet, Laurent / Bureau, Fabrice / Guillaume, Michèle / Pétré, Benoit

Vaccines

2022 Volume 10, Issue 9

Abstract: While many studies have documented the intentions for the COVID-19 vaccine booster, few have explored the change from intention to final decision. This study explores the COVID-19 booster intentions and the change from intention to decision in a primo- ... ...

Abstract	While many studies have documented the intentions for the COVID-19 vaccine booster, few have explored the change from intention to final decision. This study explores the COVID-19 booster intentions and the change from intention to decision in a primo-vaccinated university population, with a distinction between staff members and students. It looks at the sociodemographic and medical characteristics, health literacy, personal COVID-19 infection and vaccination history, and attitudes/intentions regarding the booster, among the 1030 participants (64.4% staff members, 61.3% female, median age 36.0 years). Of the 8.7% who were initially hesitant, 72.7% ultimately got a booster and 27.3% did not. Another 84.2% intended to get a booster and 7.1% did not. Among the latter two groups, 88.9% maintained their intention and 11.1% changed their minds. The determinants associated with the intentions were health literacy and previous intentions regarding the COVID-19 primo-vaccination. The determinants associated with the change to non-vaccination were a previous COVID-19 infection, a past COVID-19 primo-vaccination intention, and a neutralizing antibody level. The results point to an opening for the support in decision-making, with a significant percentage of the study population potentially changing their mind between intention and final decision; this process should start early and be tailored to the individual's COVID-19 history. A personalized approach seems necessary in order to ensure that individuals make an informed choice.
Language	English
Publishing date	2022-09-06
Publishing country	Switzerland
Document type	Journal Article
ZDB-ID	2703319-3
ISSN	2076-393X
ISSN	2076-393X
DOI	10.3390/vaccines10091485
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Article ; Online: Early listeriosis after liver transplantation: Report of two cases.

Piette, Estelle / Vandermeulen, Morgan / Meurisse, Nicolas / Schielke, Astrid / Meuris, Christelle / Honoré, Pierre / Detry, Olivier

Transplant infectious disease : an official journal of the Transplantation Society

2019 Volume 21, Issue 4, Page(s) e13122

Abstract: Listeria monocytogenes is a rare cause of potentially lethal infection and sepsis in transplant recipients. Listeriosis is usually described after kidney or bone marrow transplant, and has been less frequently reported after liver transplantation. Here, ... ...

Abstract	Listeria monocytogenes is a rare cause of potentially lethal infection and sepsis in transplant recipients. Listeriosis is usually described after kidney or bone marrow transplant, and has been less frequently reported after liver transplantation. Here, the authors present two cases of severe Listeria infection occurring within 4 months after complicated liver transplantation in patients still recovering on the ward. The patients were successfully treated by intravenous ampicillin. These cases should remind transplant physicians that listeriosis may develop in liver transplant recipients, that food safety advice should be provided, and that intravenous ampicillin might be an effective treatment for systemic listeriosis in solid organ recipients. It is likely that trimethoprim-sulfamethoxazole prophylaxis might help prevent early listeriosis after solid organ transplantation.
MeSH term(s)	Ampicillin/therapeutic use ; Anti-Bacterial Agents/therapeutic use ; Female ; Humans ; Listeria monocytogenes/drug effects ; Listeriosis/diagnosis ; Listeriosis/drug therapy ; Liver Transplantation/adverse effects ; Male ; Middle Aged ; Postoperative Complications/microbiology ; Sepsis/drug therapy ; Sepsis/microbiology ; Trimethoprim, Sulfamethoxazole Drug Combination/therapeutic use
Chemical Substances	Anti-Bacterial Agents ; Ampicillin (7C782967RD) ; Trimethoprim, Sulfamethoxazole Drug Combination (8064-90-2)
Language	English
Publishing date	2019-06-30
Publishing country	Denmark
Document type	Case Reports
ZDB-ID	1476094-0
ISSN	1399-3062 ; 1398-2273
ISSN (online)	1399-3062
ISSN	1398-2273
DOI	10.1111/tid.13122
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Article: Evolution of Drug Interactions With Antiretroviral Medication in People With HIV.

El Moussaoui, Majdouline / Lambert, Iseult / Maes, Nathalie / Sauvage, Anne-Sophie / Frippiat, Frédéric / Meuris, Christelle / Uurlings, Françoise / Lecomte, Marianne / Léonard, Philippe / Fombellida, Karine / Vaira, Dolores / Vercheval, Christelle / Moutschen, Michel / Darcis, Gilles

Open forum infectious diseases

2020 Volume 7, Issue 11, Page(s) ofaa416

Abstract: Background: Polypharmacy and drug interactions are important issues for HIV-infected individuals. The number and nature of those interactions are continuously evolving with the use of new antiretroviral drugs and the aging of HIV-infected individuals. ... ...

Abstract	Background: Polypharmacy and drug interactions are important issues for HIV-infected individuals. The number and nature of those interactions are continuously evolving with the use of new antiretroviral drugs and the aging of HIV-infected individuals. We aimed to analyze this evolution over time. Methods: This retrospective cohort study was conducted in the University Hospital of Liège (Belgium). Treatments of HIV-infected outpatients attending Liège University Hospital were collected and analyzed in 2012 and 2016. The University of Liverpool HIV drug interactions database was used to determine drug interactions. Results: We included 1038 patients in 2016, of whom 78% had 1 comedication. Polypharmacy was seen in 20% of the cohort. Four percent of the patients presented red flag interactions, and 38% had orange flag interactions. Nonantiretroviral (non-ARV) therapeutic classes involved in drug interactions were mostly cardiovascular and central nervous system drugs. They were followed by hormone drugs and dietary supplements for orange flag interactions. Two factors significantly contributed to both red and orange flag interactions: the number of non-ARV comedications and protease inhibitor-based ARV regimens. The proportion of patients with red or orange flag interactions remained stable from 2012 to 2016. Conclusions: This study highlights the persistence of an alarming number of contraindicated drug interactions and a high prevalence of potential drug interactions over time. Identification, prevention, and management of drug interactions remain a key priority in HIV care.
Language	English
Publishing date	2020-10-18
Publishing country	United States
Document type	Journal Article
ZDB-ID	2757767-3
ISSN	2328-8957
ISSN	2328-8957
DOI	10.1093/ofid/ofaa416
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