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Article: Trasmissione di Sars-Cov-2 e ventilazione di ambienti confinati. Note tecniche e indicazioni di prevenzione.

Sezzatini, Romina / Sapienza, Martina / D'Ambrosio, Floriana / Moscato, Umberto / Laurenti, Patrizia

2020 Volume 76, Issue 2, Page(s) 107–118

Abstract: Knowledge about the new infectious disease COVID-19, which first spread in the city of Wuhan in China, in December 2019, is based on the evidence retrieved from coronaviruses previously known to humans. The main transmission ways of the new SARS-CoV-2 ... ...

Title translation	Transmission of Sars-Cov-2 and ventilation of indoor environments. Technical notes and preventive measures.
Abstract	Knowledge about the new infectious disease COVID-19, which first spread in the city of Wuhan in China, in December 2019, is based on the evidence retrieved from coronaviruses previously known to humans. The main transmission ways of the new SARS-CoV-2 virus are respiratory droplets and direct and close contact with infected individuals and contaminated surfaces. To date, some scientific publications provide initial evidence that SARS-CoV-2 can be detected in the air, thus assuming a further route of infection, that airborne, although these results are to be considered preliminary and they need careful interpretation. In support of this hypothesis, ventilation systems, aimed to improve indoor air, could represent an easy way to spread and promote the virus infection especially in hospitals and in all health facilities where the presence of infected individuals is potentially high as well as the possibility of infection by air. Indeed, by generating jets of air at different speeds, they can interfere with the mission of respiratory particles and determine an environmental diffusion of the potentially contaminating droplet. Therefore, ventilation systems could provide a potential transmission channel for the viral load able to spread out in indoor air. Nonetheless, good management, technical and operational practices may lead to a low risk of contagion, both in community and health environments.
MeSH term(s)	Air Pollution, Indoor/prevention & control ; Betacoronavirus ; COVID-19 ; Coronavirus Infections/epidemiology ; Coronavirus Infections/prevention & control ; Coronavirus Infections/transmission ; Disease Transmission, Infectious/prevention & control ; Humans ; Infection Control/methods ; Pandemics ; Pneumonia, Viral/epidemiology ; Pneumonia, Viral/prevention & control ; Pneumonia, Viral/transmission ; SARS-CoV-2 ; Ventilation
Keywords	covid19
Language	Italian
Publishing date	2020-09-02
Publishing country	Italy
Document type	Journal Article
ZDB-ID	3031485-9
ISSN	0019-1639
ISSN	0019-1639
Database	MEDical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System OnLINE

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Article ; Online: Enterobacteriaceae Antibiotic Resistance in Ready-to-Eat Foods Collected from Hospital and Community Canteens: Analysis of Prevalence.

Vincenti, Sara / Raponi, Matteo / Sezzatini, Romina / Giubbini, Gabriele / Laurenti, Patrizia

Journal of food protection

2018 Volume 81, Issue 3, Page(s) 424–429

Abstract: Foodborne diseases and antibiotic resistance are serious widespread health problems in the contemporary world. In this study, we compared the microbiological quality of ready-to-eat (RTE) foods found in community canteens versus hospital canteens in Rome, ...

Abstract	Foodborne diseases and antibiotic resistance are serious widespread health problems in the contemporary world. In this study, we compared the microbiological quality of ready-to-eat (RTE) foods found in community canteens versus hospital canteens in Rome, Italy, focusing on detection and quantification of Enterobacteriaceae and the antibiotic resistance of these bacteria. Our findings show a remarkable difference in Enterobacteriaceae contamination between RTE foods distributed in community canteens (33.5% of samples) and those distributed in hospital canteens (5.3% of samples). This result highlights greater attention to good manufacturing practices and good hygiene practices by the food operators in hospitals compared with food operators in community canteens. As expected, a higher percentage of cold food samples (70.9%) than of hot food samples (10.8%) were positive for these bacteria. Excluding the intrinsic resistance of each bacterial strain, 92.3% of the isolated strains were resistant to at least one antibiotic, and about half of the isolated strains were classified as multidrug resistant. The prevalence of multidrug-resistant strains was 50% in the community samples and 33.3% in hospital canteens. Our results indicate that approximately 38% of RTE foods provided in community canteens is not compliant with microbiological food safety criteria and could be a special risk for consumers through spread of antibiotic-resistant strains. Hygienic processing and handling of foods is necessary for both hospital and community canteens.
MeSH term(s)	Anti-Bacterial Agents/pharmacology ; Drug Resistance, Bacterial ; Enterobacteriaceae/drug effects ; Enterobacteriaceae/isolation & purification ; Food Handling/methods ; Food Microbiology ; Hospitals ; Humans ; Hygiene ; Italy ; Prevalence
Chemical Substances	Anti-Bacterial Agents
Language	English
Publishing date	2018-01-26
Publishing country	United States
Document type	Journal Article
ZDB-ID	243284-5
ISSN	1944-9097 ; 0362-028X
ISSN (online)	1944-9097
ISSN	0362-028X
DOI	10.4315/0362-028X.JFP-17-317
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Article ; Online: A management model for Hospital Hygiene Unit: evidence-based proactive surveillance of potential environmental sources of infection in order to prevent patient's risk.

Quaranta, Gianluigi / DI Pumpo, Marcello / LA Milia, Daniele Ignazio / Wachocka, Malgorzata / Pattavina, Fabio / Vincenti, Sara / Damiani, Gianfranco / Laurenti, Patrizia / Moscato, Umberto / Bruno, Stefania / Boninti, Federica / Tuti, Federica / Sezzatini, Romina

Journal of preventive medicine and hygiene

2021 Volume 61, Issue 4, Page(s) E628–E635

Abstract: Introduction: The aim of this study is to describe a proactive surveillance system of food, water and environmental surfaces, in order to avoid Healthcare-Associated Infections (HAIs) from hospital environment.: Methods: It is a retrospective ... ...

Abstract	Introduction: The aim of this study is to describe a proactive surveillance system of food, water and environmental surfaces, in order to avoid Healthcare-Associated Infections (HAIs) from hospital environment. Methods: It is a retrospective descriptive study. The surveillance system consists of two integrated phases: pre-analytic and post-analytic. The activities are distinguished in ordinary control activities, performed after scheduled and shared surveys, and compliance activities, performed when it is necessary to establish the adequacy of the destination use, for example opening a new ward. Results: A total of 1,470 Samples were collected and 539 Reports were generated across the five-year study period. Water for human consumption procedure: a statistically significant trend was found only in the total number of Samples collected (p < 0.001). Legionella spp. infection water risk procedure: all Samples and Reports, with the exception of Compliance Report Samples, showed a statistically significant trend (p < 0.001). Pseudomonas aeruginosa water risk procedure: only Ordinary Reports and Compliance Report Samples trend were statistically significant (p = 0.002 and p = 0.028 respectively). Effectiveness of surface sanitization procedure: no trend was statistically significant (p < 0.05). Hospital catering and food surfaces procedure: Samples and Reports yearly number was constant, no trend analysis was performed. HAIs prevalence was never over 5% in the hospital under study. Conclusions: This surveillance system of water, food and environmental surfaces represents an innovative way of approaching hospital safety for patients and personnel because it overcomes the limitations due to a classic approach limited to a laboratory analytic phase only, according to the best available scientific evidence.
MeSH term(s)	Cross Infection/epidemiology ; Cross Infection/prevention & control ; Hospitals ; Humans ; Hygiene ; Legionella/isolation & purification ; Legionellosis/prevention & control ; Pseudomonas Infections/prevention & control ; Pseudomonas aeruginosa/isolation & purification ; Retrospective Studies ; Water Microbiology
Language	English
Publishing date	2021-01-14
Publishing country	Italy
Document type	Journal Article
ZDB-ID	1102926-2
ISSN	2421-4248 ; 1121-2233
ISSN (online)	2421-4248
ISSN	1121-2233
DOI	10.15167/2421-4248/jpmh2020.61.4.1587
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Article: Idoneità igienico-sanitaria di alimenti e superfici in una mensa ospedaliera: un’esperienza in un Policlinico Universitario.

Quaranta, Gianluigi / Marruco, Roberta / Posteraro, Brunella / Cambieri, Andrea / Berloco, Filippo / Sezzatini, Romina / Boninti, Federica / Turnaturi, Cinzia / Laurenti, Patrizia

Igiene e sanita pubblica

2018 Volume 73, Issue 6, Page(s) 579–593

Abstract: The Authors present the results of a study performed during a time-period of two years, to evaluate the hygienic quality of ready-to-eat foods, prepared and served in a hospital catering service, and the microbiological status of food-contact surfaces. ... ...

Title translation	Hygienic suitability of food and food-contact surfaces in a hospital canteen: the experience of a University Hospital in Italy.
Abstract	The Authors present the results of a study performed during a time-period of two years, to evaluate the hygienic quality of ready-to-eat foods, prepared and served in a hospital catering service, and the microbiological status of food-contact surfaces. Food hygiene was evaluated using non-pathogenic indicator microorganisms. The study was part of the verification activities that the hospital Health Department considers as a priority in order to guarantee patient safety. Only one of 52 food samples tested was considered unsatisfactory; the examined surfaces were not fully satisfactory in one of four cases. The study results, although encouraging as a whole, especially with respect to the hygienic safety of food prepared and served in the hospital, confirm the need to continuously verify that the appropriate environmental sanitation procedures are applied, even in the case of outsourcing. Considering the increased susceptibility of hospitalized patients, this remains a priority in the hospital where the study was performed.
MeSH term(s)	Equipment Contamination/statistics & numerical data ; Food Handling/standards ; Food Microbiology/standards ; Food Service, Hospital/standards ; Hospitals, University ; Hygiene/standards ; Italy ; Sanitation/standards
Language	Italian
Publishing date	2018-03-23
Publishing country	Italy
Document type	Journal Article
ISSN	0019-1639
ISSN	0019-1639
Database	MEDical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System OnLINE

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Article: Enterobacteriaceae Antibiotic Resistance in Ready-to-Eat Foods Collected from Hospital and Community Canteens: Analysis of Prevalence

Vincenti, Sara / Gabriele Giubbini / Matteo Raponi / Patrizia Laurenti / Romina Sezzatini

Journal of food protection. 2018 Mar., v. 81, no. 3

2018

Abstract	Foodborne diseases and antibiotic resistance are serious widespread health problems in the contemporary world. In this study, we compared the microbiological quality of ready-to-eat (RTE) foods found in community canteens versus hospital canteens in Rome, Italy, focusing on detection and quantification of Enterobacteriaceae and the antibiotic resistance of these bacteria. Our findings show a remarkable difference in Enterobacteriaceae contamination between RTE foods distributed in community canteens (33.5% of samples) and those distributed in hospital canteens (5.3% of samples). This result highlights greater attention to good manufacturing practices and good hygiene practices by the food operators in hospitals compared with food operators in community canteens. As expected, a higher percentage of cold food samples (70.9%) than of hot food samples (10.8%) were positive for these bacteria. Excluding the intrinsic resistance of each bacterial strain, 92.3% of the isolated strains were resistant to at least one antibiotic, and about half of the isolated strains were classified as multidrug resistant. The prevalence of multidrug-resistant strains was 50% in the community samples and 33.3% in hospital canteens. Our results indicate that approximately 38% of RTE foods provided in community canteens is not compliant with microbiological food safety criteria and could be a special risk for consumers through spread of antibiotic-resistant strains. Hygienic processing and handling of foods is necessary for both hospital and community canteens.
Keywords	antibiotic resistance ; antibiotics ; bacteria ; Enterobacteriaceae ; food safety ; foodborne illness ; good hygiene practices ; good manufacturing practices ; hospitals ; microbiological quality ; multiple drug resistance ; ready-to-eat foods ; risk ; Italy
Language	English
Dates of publication	2018-03
Size	p. 424-429.
Publishing place	International Association of Milk, Food, and Environmental Sanitarians.
Document type	Article
ZDB-ID	243284-5
ISSN	1944-9097 ; 0362-028X
ISSN (online)	1944-9097
ISSN	0362-028X
DOI	10.4315/0362-028X.JFP-17-317
Database	NAL-Catalogue (AGRICOLA)

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Article: La ristorazione in ospedale mediante il sistema “Cook and Chill”: un’esperienza di 2 anni in un Policlinico Universitario.

Quaranta, Gianluigi / Sezzatini, Romina / Turnaturi, Cinzia / Bresa, Benedetto / Mandolini, Alessandro / Giovannetti, Giorgio / Boldrin, Antonella / Berloco, Filippo / La Milia, Daniele Ignazio / Cambieri, Andrea / Laurenti, Patrizia

Igiene e sanita pubblica

2019 Volume 75, Issue 1, Page(s) 51–61

Abstract: The Authors present their two-year experience regarding an evaluation of the hygienic quality of ready-to-eat foods in a hospital foodservice, both for patients' meals and hospital staff, prepared by using the Cook Chill system. According to the ... ...

Title translation	Hospital foodservice through the Cook Chill system: a two-year experience in a University teaching hospital, Italy.
Abstract	The Authors present their two-year experience regarding an evaluation of the hygienic quality of ready-to-eat foods in a hospital foodservice, both for patients' meals and hospital staff, prepared by using the Cook Chill system. According to the microbiological parameters provided by International Guidelines, 23 of 27 food samples that were collected and analyzed were found to be satisfactory, one was acceptable and only three were unsatisfactory (two for aerobic colony count and one both for aerobic colony count and hygienic procedure). Escherchia coli, Staphylococcus aureus, Salmonella, Listeria monocytogenes, and Clostridium perfringens were absent in all of the analyzed products, The study results are encouraging and confirm the need to always verify that the different phases of production of hospital meals are correctly implemented, even when the foodservice is out-sourced. This has always been considered a priority in the study hospital, where the Health Department is at the forefront both in control and verification of food safety practices and in offering training activities, especially in view of the increased susceptibility of hospitalized patients.
MeSH term(s)	Equipment Contamination ; Food Contamination/analysis ; Food Microbiology ; Food Services/standards ; Hospitals, University ; Humans ; Hygiene/standards ; Italy
Language	Italian
Publishing date	2019-06-11
Publishing country	Italy
Document type	Journal Article
ISSN	0019-1639
ISSN	0019-1639
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Article: Confronto tra il metodo colturale standard e la real-time PCR per l'identificazione di Legionella pneumophila in campioni di acqua.

Igiene e sanita pubblica

2015 Volume 71, Issue 6, Page(s) 569–576

Abstract: The aims of this study were to identify the best threshold value for the real-time PCR method in detecting the presence of Legionella pneumophila in water samples, and to evaluate the prognostic significance of negative results obtained with the ... ...

Title translation	Comparison of conventional culture methods and quantitative real-time PCR methods for the detection of Legionella pneumophila in water samples in a large University teaching hospital in Rome, Italy.
Abstract	The aims of this study were to identify the best threshold value for the real-time PCR method in detecting the presence of Legionella pneumophila in water samples, and to evaluate the prognostic significance of negative results obtained with the molecular method. From 2011 to 2014, 77 water samples were collected from hospital wards of a large University teaching hospital in Rome (Italy) and screened for L.pneumophila by the standard culture method and by real-time PCR. The high sensitivity and negative predictive value of real-time PCR make this method suitable as a quick screening tool to exclude the presence of L. pneumophila in water samples in the hospital setting.
MeSH term(s)	Bacteriological Techniques ; Hospitals, Teaching ; Hospitals, University ; Legionella pneumophila/isolation & purification ; Real-Time Polymerase Chain Reaction ; Rome ; Water Microbiology
Language	Italian
Publishing date	2015-11
Publishing country	Italy
Document type	Comparative Study ; English Abstract ; Journal Article
ISSN	0019-1639
ISSN	0019-1639
Database	MEDical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System OnLINE

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Article ; Online: Real-time PCR detection of Salmonella spp. and Listeria monocytogenes in ready-to-eat foods

Gianluigi Quaranta / Patrizia Laurenti / Stefania Boccia / Romina Sezzatini / Rosarita Amore / Gualtiero Ricciardi

Italian Journal of Public Health, Vol 4, Iss

a comparison between the biomolecolar method and traditional microbiology

2007 Volume 1

Abstract: Objective : The aim of the present study is to evaluate the presence of Salmonella spp. and Listeria monocytogenes in ready-to-eat foods by comparing the performance and sensitivity of BIO-RAD commercial Kits based on real-time PCR detection with ... ...

Abstract	Objective : The aim of the present study is to evaluate the presence of Salmonella spp. and Listeria monocytogenes in ready-to-eat foods by comparing the performance and sensitivity of BIO-RAD commercial Kits based on real-time PCR detection with traditional culture (ISO) procedures. Materials and methods: Sixty-five samples of ready-to-eat foods were analysed as described above. In order to verify the validity of both culture and biomolecolar methods and to compare the sensitivity of real-time PCR versus conventional culture (ISO) procedures, five food samples were artificially contaminated with the Salmonella enteritidis ATCC strain by using scalar concentration from 103 to 10-1 cfu/g while one food sample was artificially contaminated with the Listeria monocytogenes ATCC strain. Finally, statistical analyses of the results were performed using the statistics “K” to confirm the agreement between the compared methods. Results : Both procedures showed the absence of Salmonella spp. and Listeria monocytogenes in the processed samples; results in agreement appeared both for the five food samples artificially contaminated with Salmonella enteritidis ATCC strain and for the food sample artificially contaminated with Listeria monocytogenes ATCC strain. The sensitivity of the biomolecolar test was 1 cfu/g. Therefore full agreement between the two methods was detected, with a K value of 1. Conclusions : The real-time PCR system appears to be extremely useful in the rapid screening of food samples, allowing for the rapid identification of Salmonella spp. and L. monocytogenes.
Keywords	Salmonella ; Listeria monocytogenes ; ready-to-eat foods ; real-time PCR ; conventional culture methods ; Public aspects of medicine ; RA1-1270 ; Medicine ; R ; DOAJ:Public Health ; DOAJ:Health Sciences
Subject code	630
Language	English
Publishing date	2007-03-01T00:00:00Z
Publisher	Prex spa
Document type	Article ; Online
Database	BASE - Bielefeld Academic Search Engine (life sciences selection)

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Article ; Online: Legionella on board trains: effectiveness of environmental surveillance and decontamination.

Quaranta, Gianluigi / Vincenti, Sara / Ferriero, Anna Maria / Boninti, Federica / Sezzatini, Romina / Turnaturi, Cinzia / Gliubizzi, Maria Daniela / Munafò, Elio / Ceccarelli, Gianluca / Causarano, Carmelo / Accorsi, Massimo / Del Nord, Pasquale / Ricciardi, Walter / Laurenti, Patrizia

BMC public health

2012 Volume 12, Page(s) 618

Abstract: Background: Legionella pneumophila is increasingly recognised as a significant cause of sporadic and epidemic community-acquired and nosocomial pneumonia. Many studies describe the frequency and severity of Legionella spp. contamination in spa pools, ... ...

Abstract	Background: Legionella pneumophila is increasingly recognised as a significant cause of sporadic and epidemic community-acquired and nosocomial pneumonia. Many studies describe the frequency and severity of Legionella spp. contamination in spa pools, natural pools, hotels and ships, but there is no study analysing the environmental monitoring of Legionella on board trains. The aims of the present study were to conduct periodic and precise environmental surveillance of Legionella spp. in water systems and water tanks that supply the toilet systems on trains, to assess the degree of contamination of such structures and to determine the effectiveness of decontamination. Methods: A comparative pre-post ecological study was conducted from September 2006 to January 2011. A total of 1,245 water samples were collected from plumbing and toilet water tanks on passenger trains. The prevalence proportion of all positive samples was calculated. The unpaired t-test was performed to evaluate statistically significant differences between the mean load values before and after the decontamination procedures; statistical significance was set at p ≤ 0.05. Results: In the pre-decontamination period, 58% of the water samples were positive for Legionella. Only Legionella pneumophila was identified: 55.84% were serogroup 1, 19.03% were serogroups 2-14 and 25.13% contained both serogroups. The mean bacterial load value was 2.14 × 10(3) CFU/L. During the post-decontamination period, 42.75% of water samples were positive for Legionella spp.; 98.76% were positive for Legionella pneumophila: 74.06% contained serogroup 1, 16.32% contained serogroups 2-14 and 9.62% contained both. The mean bacterial load in the post-decontamination period was 1.72 × 10(3) CFU/L. According to the t-test, there was a statistically significant decrease in total bacterial load until approximately one and a half year after beginning the decontamination programme (p = 0.0097). Conclusions: This study indicates that systematic environmental surveillance could be a useful approach for assessing the risk of exposure to Legionella bacteria, which still represents a public health threat. According to the study results, an environmental surveillance programme, followed by decontamination procedures where necessary, would decrease the total bacterial count, protecting the health of travellers and workers.
MeSH term(s)	Colony Count, Microbial/statistics & numerical data ; Decontamination ; Environmental Monitoring ; Humans ; Italy ; Legionella pneumophila/isolation & purification ; Legionnaires' Disease/prevention & control ; Program Evaluation ; Toilet Facilities ; Transportation ; Water Microbiology
Language	English
Publishing date	2012-08-07
Publishing country	England
Document type	Evaluation Study ; Journal Article
ZDB-ID	2041338-5
ISSN	1471-2458 ; 1471-2458
ISSN (online)	1471-2458
ISSN	1471-2458
DOI	10.1186/1471-2458-12-618
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Article ; Online: Legionella on board trains

Quaranta Gianluigi / Vincenti Sara / Ferriero Anna / Boninti Federica / Sezzatini Romina / Turnaturi Cinzia / Gliubizzi Maria / Munafò Elio / Ceccarelli Gianluca / Causarano Carmelo / Accorsi Massimo / Del Nord Pasquale / Ricciardi Walter / Laurenti Patrizia

BMC Public Health, Vol 12, Iss 1, p

effectiveness of environmental surveillance and decontamination

2012 Volume 618

Abstract: Abstract Background Legionella pneumophila is increasingly recognised as a significant cause of sporadic and epidemic community-acquired and nosocomial pneumonia. Many studies describe the frequency and severity of Legionella spp. contamination in spa ... ...

Abstract	Abstract Background Legionella pneumophila is increasingly recognised as a significant cause of sporadic and epidemic community-acquired and nosocomial pneumonia. Many studies describe the frequency and severity of Legionella spp. contamination in spa pools, natural pools, hotels and ships, but there is no study analysing the environmental monitoring of Legionella on board trains. The aims of the present study were to conduct periodic and precise environmental surveillance of Legionella spp. in water systems and water tanks that supply the toilet systems on trains, to assess the degree of contamination of such structures and to determine the effectiveness of decontamination. Methods A comparative pre-post ecological study was conducted from September 2006 to January 2011. A total of 1,245 water samples were collected from plumbing and toilet water tanks on passenger trains. The prevalence proportion of all positive samples was calculated. The unpaired t -test was performed to evaluate statistically significant differences between the mean load values before and after the decontamination procedures; statistical significance was set at p ≤ 0.05. Results In the pre-decontamination period, 58% of the water samples were positive for Legionella . Only Legionella pneumophila was identified: 55.84% were serogroup 1, 19.03% were serogroups 2–14 and 25.13% contained both serogroups. The mean bacterial load value was 2.14 × 10 3 CFU/L. During the post-decontamination period, 42.75% of water samples were positive for Legionella spp.; 98.76% were positive for Legionella pneumophila : 74.06% contained serogroup 1, 16.32% contained serogroups 2–14 and 9.62% contained both. The mean bacterial load in the post-decontamination period was 1.72 × 10 3 CFU/L. According to the t -test, there was a statistically significant decrease in total bacterial load until approximately one and a half year after beginning the decontamination programme ( p = 0.0097). Conclusions This study indicates that systematic environmental surveillance ...
Keywords	Public aspects of medicine ; RA1-1270
Subject code	333
Language	English
Publishing date	2012-08-01T00:00:00Z
Publisher	BMC
Document type	Article ; Online
Database	BASE - Bielefeld Academic Search Engine (life sciences selection)

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