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Article ; Online: Quantum Interstate Phase Differences and Multiphoton Processes: Quantum Jumps or Dynamic Beats?

Shirts, Randall B / Welch, John S

ACS omega

2022 Volume 7, Issue 34, Page(s) 30632–30641

Abstract: Whether quantum state transitions occur by instantaneous jumps (a la Bohr) or deterministic dynamics (Schrödinger's preference) has been intensely debated. Recent experimental measurements of shelved electrons have reignited the debate. We examine ... ...

Abstract	Whether quantum state transitions occur by instantaneous jumps (a la Bohr) or deterministic dynamics (Schrödinger's preference) has been intensely debated. Recent experimental measurements of shelved electrons have reignited the debate. We examine aspects of the time-dependent numerical solutions of the Schrödinger equation in quantum systems with two and three levels perturbed by a sinusoidal field. A geometrical construction involving quantum state phase differences illuminates the role of interstate phase differences in a deterministic, rather than random, process of multiphoton absorption. Alternate halves of the Rabi cycle exhibit phase reversals much like the classical beats of coupled oscillators. For non-zero detuning, population inversion does not occur because the exciting field drifts out of the proper phase before inversion is complete. A close correspondence with classical, coupled oscillator beats offers insights for interpretation of deterministic quantum dynamics and suggests an experimental test for the correctness of this picture depending on the long-time phase stability of exciting fields.
Language	English
Publishing date	2022-08-15
Publishing country	United States
Document type	Journal Article
ISSN	2470-1343
ISSN (online)	2470-1343
DOI	10.1021/acsomega.2c04554
Database	MEDical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System OnLINE

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Article: Cytological characteristics of gynaecological specimens referred to Cytology Division, Institute for Medical Research, in 1970.

Tang, S K / Welch, Q B

The Medical journal of Malaysia

2021 Volume 26, Issue 4, Page(s) 238–243

Abstract: No abstract available. ...

Abstract	No abstract available.
Language	English
Publishing date	2021-11-18
Publishing country	Malaysia
Document type	Journal Article
ZDB-ID	604286-7
ISSN	0300-5283
ISSN	0300-5283
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Zs.A 1206: Show issues

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Article: Physical Activity among U.S. Preschool-Aged Children: Application of Machine Learning Physical Activity Classification to the 2012 National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey National Youth Fitness Survey.

Kwon, Soyang / O'Brien, Megan K / Welch, Sarah B / Honegger, Kyle

Children (Basel, Switzerland)

2022 Volume 9, Issue 10

Abstract: ... habits. The objective of this study was to evaluate PA levels in a representative sample of U.S ... in the 2012 U.S. National Health and Examination Survey National Youth Fitness Survey. Participants were asked ... PA) and total PA (the sum of MVPA and light-intensity PA). We estimated that U.S. preschool-aged ...

Abstract	Early childhood is an important development period for establishing healthy physical activity (PA) habits. The objective of this study was to evaluate PA levels in a representative sample of U.S. preschool-aged children. The study sample included 301 participants (149 girls, 3-5 years of age) in the 2012 U.S. National Health and Examination Survey National Youth Fitness Survey. Participants were asked to wear an ActiGraph accelerometer on their wrist for 7 days. A machine learning random forest classification algorithm was applied to accelerometer data to estimate daily time spent in moderate- and vigorous-intensity PA (MVPA; the sum of minutes spent in running, walking, and other moderate- and vigorous-intensity PA) and total PA (the sum of MVPA and light-intensity PA). We estimated that U.S. preschool-aged children engaged in 28 min/day of MVPA and 361 min/day of total PA, on average. MVPA and total PA levels were not significantly different between males and females. This study revealed that U.S. preschool-aged children engage in lower levels of MVPA and higher levels of total PA than the minimum recommended by the World Health Organization.
Language	English
Publishing date	2022-09-21
Publishing country	Switzerland
Document type	Journal Article
ZDB-ID	2732685-8
ISSN	2227-9067
ISSN	2227-9067
DOI	10.3390/children9101433
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Article ; Online: Self-Reported Stress, Trauma, and Prevalence of Laryngoresponders in the General Population.

Helou, Leah B / Welch, Brett / Hoch, Sarah / Gartner-Schmidt, Jackie

Journal of speech, language, and hearing research : JSLHR

2023 Volume 66, Issue 7, Page(s) 2230–2245

Abstract: Introduction: It has been proposed that some individuals are "laryngoresponders" (LRs) in that their stress manifests in the laryngeal region and laryngeal functions (e.g., voice and breathing). Preliminary data support the notion that LRs might differ ... ...

Abstract	Introduction: It has been proposed that some individuals are "laryngoresponders" (LRs) in that their stress manifests in the laryngeal region and laryngeal functions (e.g., voice and breathing). Preliminary data support the notion that LRs might differ from nonlaryngoresponders (NLRs) in their self-reported past trauma and recent stress. The purpose of this study was to establish the point prevalence of self-identified LRs in the general population. Method: Using a web-based questionnaire, participants reported up to 13 stress-vulnerable bodily regions and described symptom nature and severity for each region. At the end of the questionnaire, they were explicitly prompted to report whether their laryngeal region or its functions were affected by stress. Participants were categorized a posteriori as Unprompted LRs, Prompted LRs, Inconsistent LRs, or NLRs. We compared LR and NLR groups on the Perceived Stress Scale (PSS-10) and the Childhood Trauma Questionnaire (CTQ-SF). We also redistributed the survey to a subset of participants to establish grouping reliability. Results: A total of 1,217 adults responded to the survey, and 995 provided complete data sets. Of those, 15.7% were classified as Unprompted LRs, 26.7% as Prompted LRs, 3% as Inconsistent LRs, and 54.6% as NLRs. Unprompted LRs demonstrated significantly higher/worse PSS-10 and CTQ-SF scores than all other groups. Reliability of LR classification was moderate upon follow-up, κ = .62, 95% confidence interval [0.47, 0.77]. Conclusions: Unprompted LRs described their symptoms in ways that were indistinguishable from patients with functional voice disorders (e.g.,
MeSH term(s)	Adult ; Humans ; Self Report ; Prevalence ; Reproducibility of Results ; Surveys and Questionnaires ; Larynx
Language	English
Publishing date	2023-06-15
Publishing country	United States
Document type	Journal Article ; Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't
ZDB-ID	1364086-0
ISSN	1558-9102 ; 1092-4388
ISSN (online)	1558-9102
ISSN	1092-4388
DOI	10.1044/2023_JSLHR-22-00669
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Book ; Audio / Video: Disconnect / an educational service of Ohmeda, BOC Health Care ; developed in cooperation with Jeffrey B. Cooper, Ronald S. Newbower, and James H. Philip. Check-out / authors, Mary Kraft, Jeffrey B. Cooper, James P. Welch

Cooper, Jeffrey B / Newbower, Ronald S / Philip, James H / Kraft, Mary / Welch, James P

(Patient safety and risk management ; cassette A)

1984

Title variant	Check-out
Institution	Ohmeda (Firm) American Society of Anesthesiologists
Series title	Patient safety and risk management cassette A
MeSH term(s)	Anesthesia/adverse effects ; Anesthesiology/instrumentation
Language	English
Size	1 videocassette (52 min.) :, sd., col. with b&w ;, 1/2 in. + ; 1 videocassette of 1 (Betacam SP) (53 min.) :, color with black and white, sound ;, 1/2 in. ; 1 videodisc of 1 (DVD) (53 min.) :, color with black and white, sound ;, 4 3/4 in.
Publisher	American Society of Anesthesiologists
Publishing place	Park Ridge, Ill.
Document type	Book ; Audio / Video
Note	Includes guide (14 p.).
Accompanying material	1 guide.
Database	Catalogue of the US National Library of Medicine (NLM)

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Article ; Online: Heart Transplantation for Adults With Congenital Heart Disease Can Be Performed at Adult or Pediatric Hospitals With Comparable Outcomes.

Bhandari, Krishna / Shorbaji, Khaled / Sherard, Curry / Chen, Sarah / Welch, Brett / Kilic, Arman

The Journal of surgical research

2024 Volume 296, Page(s) 431–440

Abstract: Introduction: The goal of this study was to evaluate the relationship between hospital-related factors and hospital type on outcomes of heart transplantation for patients with adult congenital heart disease (ACHD).: Methods: Patients with ACHD who ... ...

Abstract	Introduction: The goal of this study was to evaluate the relationship between hospital-related factors and hospital type on outcomes of heart transplantation for patients with adult congenital heart disease (ACHD). Methods: Patients with ACHD who underwent heart transplant between 2010 and 2021 were identified using the United Network for Organ Sharing data registry. The primary outcome was post-transplant mortality. Kaplan-Meier unadjusted survival curves were compared using the log-rank test. Multivariable Cox proportional hazard models were used for risk-adjustment in evaluating the independent effect of hospital type on post-transplant mortality. Results: Of 70 centers, 54 (77.1%) adult centers performed 415 (87.0%) heart transplants and 16 (22.9%) pediatric centers performed 62 (13.0%) heart transplants. Patients transplanted at pediatric centers were younger, had lower creatinine levels, and had lower body mass index. The unadjusted 1-y and 5-y survival was comparable in pediatric versus adult centers, respectively: 93.4% versus 86.6% (log-rank P = 0.16) and 87.4% versus 73.9% (log-rank P = 0.06). These findings persisted after risk-adjustment. One-year mortality hazard ratio for pediatric hospitals: 0.64 (0.22-1.89, P = 0.416) and 5-y mortality hazard ratio for pediatric hospitals: 0.53 (0.21-1.33, P = 0.175). Rates of acute rejection, postoperative stroke, and new-onset postoperative dialysis were also comparable. Conclusions: Heart transplantation for patients with ACHD can be performed safely in adult centers. The majority of heart transplant for ACHD in the United States are performed at adult hospitals. However, further research is needed to delineate the impact of individual surgeon characteristics and hospital-related factors on outcomes.
MeSH term(s)	Humans ; Adult ; Child ; United States/epidemiology ; Hospitals, Pediatric ; Heart Defects, Congenital/surgery ; Heart Transplantation ; Proportional Hazards Models ; Kaplan-Meier Estimate ; Retrospective Studies ; Treatment Outcome
Language	English
Publishing date	2024-02-05
Publishing country	United States
Document type	Journal Article
ZDB-ID	80170-7
ISSN	1095-8673 ; 0022-4804
ISSN (online)	1095-8673
ISSN	0022-4804
DOI	10.1016/j.jss.2024.01.016
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Article ; Online: Healers and midwives accused of witchcraft (1563-1736) - What secondary analysis of the Scottish survey of witchcraft can contribute to the teaching of nursing and midwifery history.

Ring, Nicola A / McHugh, Nessa M / Reed, Bethany B / Davidson-Welch, Rachel / Dodd, Leslie S

Nurse education today

2023 Volume 133, Page(s) 106026

Abstract: Background: Nearly 4000 people were accused of witchcraft in Scotland between 1563 and 1736. Some of these were healers, midwives, and nurses.: Objective: To investigate Scotland's folk-healers and midwives accused of witchcraft and review their work ...

Abstract	Background: Nearly 4000 people were accused of witchcraft in Scotland between 1563 and 1736. Some of these were healers, midwives, and nurses. Objective: To investigate Scotland's folk-healers and midwives accused of witchcraft and review their work from a nursing and midwifery perspective. Design: Secondary analysis of the Survey of Scottish Witchcraft. Methods: Those on the Survey with witchcraft accusations relating to folk-healing or midwifery were identified and their biographies were created from Survey data (2021). Individual biographical data were descriptively analysed. Healing/midwifery practice information was tabulated and thematically analysed. Results: 142 individuals were identified (85 % women), 51 % were found guilty, 90 % were executed. Most (98 %) were folk-healers with 10 accused for midwifery reasons. Mainly their work was accused of causing harm. Three themes emerged: their use of rituals; unorthodox religious practices and treatments. Rituals included actions carried out a certain number of times. Religious practices frequently referenced Catholicism. Many of their treatments for ingestion, application or bathing used items still recognised for their health properties. Approximately, 10 % of the 142, mainly in the 1500s/early 1600s, utilised expensive items and complex treatments which had more in common with 'elite' knowledge rather than simple folklore. Conclusions: Across all 142 people, many aspects of their work are identifiable within more contemporary nursing and midwifery practice including their use of rituals, treatments, and holism. Mostly the accused were folk-practitioners, but a few (1500s/early 1600s) appear to have been healers working akin to physicians. Following the Protestant reformation (1560) their work, unlike that of physicians, was marginalised, considered unorthodox and harmful because they were women and/or their work reflected Catholicism. European hospital nursing originates in the monastic houses, but little is known about these early religious nurses. This study is novel in suggesting that whoever taught these accused witch/healers may have been connected to the monastic hospitals pre-Reformation.
MeSH term(s)	Pregnancy ; Female ; Humans ; Male ; Witchcraft ; Midwifery ; Surveys and Questionnaires ; Scotland
Language	English
Publishing date	2023-11-07
Publishing country	Scotland
Document type	Journal Article
ZDB-ID	1062570-7
ISSN	1532-2793 ; 0260-6917
ISSN (online)	1532-2793
ISSN	0260-6917
DOI	10.1016/j.nedt.2023.106026
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Article: Migration background, eating disorder symptoms and healthcare service utilisation: findings from the Stockholm Public Health Cohort.

Strand, Mattias / Bäärnhielm, Sofie / Fredlund, Peeter / Brynedal, Boel / Welch, Elisabeth

BJPsych open

2023 Volume 9, Issue 6, Page(s) e205

Abstract: Background: From a global perspective, eating disorders are increasingly common, probably because of societal transformation and improved detection. However, research on the impact of migration on the development of eating disorders is scarce, and ... ...

Abstract	Background: From a global perspective, eating disorders are increasingly common, probably because of societal transformation and improved detection. However, research on the impact of migration on the development of eating disorders is scarce, and previously reported results are conflicting. Aims: To explore if eating disorder symptom prevalence varies according to birth region, parents' birth region and neighbourhood characteristics, and analyse if the observed patterns match the likelihood of being in specialist treatment. Method: This study uses data from a large population-based health survey ( Results: Eating disorder symptoms are substantially more common in individuals born abroad, especially for migrants from a non-European country. This holds true for all surveyed symptoms, including restrictive eating (odds ratio 5.5, 95% CI 4.5-6.7), compensatory vomiting (odds ratio 6.1, 95% CI 4.6-8.0), loss-of-control eating (odds ratio 2.6, 95% CI 2.3-3.1) and preoccupation with food (odds ratio 2.3, 95% CI 1.9-2.8). Likewise, symptoms are more common in individuals with both parents born abroad and individuals living in districts with a high percentage of migrant residents. A gap exists between district-level symptom scores and the likelihood of being in specialist eating disorder treatment. Conclusions: These findings call for oversight of current outreach strategies, and highlight the need for efforts to reduce stigma and increase eating disorder symptom recognition in broader groups.
Language	English
Publishing date	2023-11-03
Publishing country	England
Document type	Journal Article
ZDB-ID	2829557-2
ISSN	2056-4724
ISSN	2056-4724
DOI	10.1192/bjo.2023.599
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Article: A systematic review on correlates of risk of TB disease in children and adults.

Siddhi, P S / Raveendranath, R / Puligari, P / Chinnaswamy, A / Song, R / Welch, S B

The Indian journal of tuberculosis

2022 Volume 70, Issue 2, Page(s) 197–213

Abstract: Background: Tuberculosis (TB) remains one of the leading causes of death in the world. Targeted treatment to prevent progression from TB exposure and infection to disease is a key element of WHO End-TB strategy. A systematic review to identify and ... ...

Abstract	Background: Tuberculosis (TB) remains one of the leading causes of death in the world. Targeted treatment to prevent progression from TB exposure and infection to disease is a key element of WHO End-TB strategy. A systematic review to identify and develop correlates of risk (COR) of TB disease is timely. Method: EMBASE, MEDLINE, PUBMED were searched using relevant keywords and MeSH terms published between 2000 and 2020 on COR of TB disease in children and adults. Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic reviews and Meta-analysis (PRISMA) framework was used for structuring and reporting of outcomes. Risk of bias was assessed using Quality Assessment of Diagnostic Accuracy Studies tool-2 (QUADAS-2). Results: 4105 studies were identified. Following eligibility screening, 27 studies were quality assessed. Risk of bias was high in all studies. Broad variations in COR type, study population, methodology and result reporting were observed. Tuberculin skin test (TST) and interferon gamma release essays (IGRA) are poor COR. Transcriptomic signatures although promising require validation studies to assess wider applicability. Performance consistency of other CORs-cell marker, cytokines and metabolites are much needed. Conclusion: This review identifies the need for a standardized approach to identify a universally applicable COR signature to achieve the WHO END-TB targets.
MeSH term(s)	Humans ; Child ; Adult ; Interferon-gamma Release Tests/methods ; Latent Tuberculosis/diagnosis ; Latent Tuberculosis/epidemiology ; Tuberculosis/diagnosis ; Tuberculosis/epidemiology ; Tuberculin Test/methods ; Interferon-gamma/metabolism
Chemical Substances	Interferon-gamma (82115-62-6)
Language	English
Publishing date	2022-05-21
Publishing country	India
Document type	Systematic Review ; Journal Article
ZDB-ID	603129-8
ISSN	0019-5707 ; 0019-5705
ISSN	0019-5707 ; 0019-5705
DOI	10.1016/j.ijtb.2022.05.001
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Zs.B 2164: Show issues

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Article ; Online: Early Increases in Posttransplant Pancreatic Enzymes Are Associated With Surgical Complications But Not Graft Failure Among Pancreas Transplant Recipients.

Parajuli, Sandesh / Leverson, Glen E / Kaufman, Dixon B / Djamali, Arjang / Welch, Bridget M / Sollinger, Hans W / Mandelbrot, Didier A / Odorico, Jon S

Pancreas

2023 Volume 51, Issue 10, Page(s) 1381–1387

Abstract: Objectives: This study aimed to find the association between immediate postoperative increases in pancreatic enzymes and posttransplant complications among pancreas transplant recipients (PTRs).: Methods: We analyzed all PTRs transplanted at the ... ...

Abstract	Objectives: This study aimed to find the association between immediate postoperative increases in pancreatic enzymes and posttransplant complications among pancreas transplant recipients (PTRs). Methods: We analyzed all PTRs transplanted at the University of Wisconsin between June 2009 and September 2018. Enzyme levels were presented as a ratio of absolute numbers to the upper limit of normal value, with value >1 considered as abnormal. We specifically evaluated bleeding, fluid collections, and thrombosis complications based on the amylase or lipase ratios on day 1 (Amylase1, Lipase1) and maximum ratios within 5 days of transplant (Amylasemax, Lipasemax). For early complications, we focused on technical complications that occurred within 90 days of transplant. For long-term outcomes, we assessed patient and graft survival, and rejections. Results: There were a total of 443 PTRs, 287 were simultaneous pancreas and kidney recipients, and 156 were solitary pancreas recipients. Higher Amylase1, Liplase1, Amylasemax, and Lipasemax were associated with an increase in early complications, mainly need for pancreatectomy, fluid collections, bleeding complications, or graft thrombosis, particularly in the solitary pancreas group. Conclusions: Our finding suggests that cases of early perioperative enzyme increase merit consideration for early imaging investigation to mitigate detrimental outcomes.
MeSH term(s)	Humans ; Pancreas Transplantation/adverse effects ; Pancreas Transplantation/methods ; Transplant Recipients ; Kidney Transplantation/adverse effects ; Kidney Transplantation/methods ; Pancreas/surgery ; Thrombosis/etiology ; Graft Survival ; Postoperative Complications/etiology ; Graft Rejection
Language	English
Publishing date	2023-04-03
Publishing country	United States
Document type	Journal Article ; Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't
ZDB-ID	632831-3
ISSN	1536-4828 ; 0885-3177
ISSN (online)	1536-4828
ISSN	0885-3177
DOI	10.1097/MPA.0000000000002187
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