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  1. Article ; Online: Treatment of methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus surgical site infections.

    Santayana, Elena M / Jourjy, Jacqueline

    AACN advanced critical care

    2011  Volume 22, Issue 1, Page(s) 5–12; quiz 14

    MeSH term(s) Acetamides/therapeutic use ; Anti-Bacterial Agents/therapeutic use ; Cephalosporins/therapeutic use ; Clindamycin/therapeutic use ; Daptomycin/therapeutic use ; Humans ; Linezolid ; Methicillin-Resistant Staphylococcus aureus/isolation & purification ; Minocycline/analogs & derivatives ; Minocycline/therapeutic use ; Oxazolidinones/therapeutic use ; Protein Synthesis Inhibitors/therapeutic use ; Staphylococcal Infections/drug therapy ; Staphylococcal Infections/microbiology ; Staphylococcal Infections/mortality ; Surgical Wound Infection/drug therapy ; Surgical Wound Infection/microbiology ; Surgical Wound Infection/mortality ; Tigecycline ; Trimethoprim, Sulfamethoxazole Drug Combination/therapeutic use ; United States/epidemiology ; Vancomycin/therapeutic use ; Ceftaroline
    Chemical Substances Acetamides ; Anti-Bacterial Agents ; Cephalosporins ; Oxazolidinones ; Protein Synthesis Inhibitors ; Clindamycin (3U02EL437C) ; ceftobiprole (5T97333YZK) ; Vancomycin (6Q205EH1VU) ; Tigecycline (70JE2N95KR) ; Trimethoprim, Sulfamethoxazole Drug Combination (8064-90-2) ; Minocycline (FYY3R43WGO) ; Linezolid (ISQ9I6J12J) ; Daptomycin (NWQ5N31VKK)
    Language English
    Publishing date 2011-02-06
    Publishing country United States
    Document type Journal Article ; Review
    ZDB-ID 2239949-5
    ISSN 1559-7776 ; 1559-7768
    ISSN (online) 1559-7776
    ISSN 1559-7768
    DOI 10.1097/NCI.0b013e3181ef86fe2049019
    Database MEDical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System OnLINE

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  2. Article ; Online: Evaluation and management of shock States: hypovolemic, distributive, and cardiogenic shock.

    Moranville, Michael P / Mieure, Katherine D / Santayana, Elena M

    Journal of pharmacy practice

    2011  Volume 24, Issue 1, Page(s) 44–60

    Abstract: Shock states have multiple etiologies, but all result in hypoperfusion to vital organs, which can lead to organ failure and death if not quickly and appropriately managed. Pharmacists should be familiar with cardiogenic, distributive, and hypovolemic ... ...

    Abstract Shock states have multiple etiologies, but all result in hypoperfusion to vital organs, which can lead to organ failure and death if not quickly and appropriately managed. Pharmacists should be familiar with cardiogenic, distributive, and hypovolemic shock and should be involved in providing safe and effective medical therapies. An accurate diagnosis is necessary to initiate appropriate lifesaving interventions and target therapeutic goals specific to the type of shock. Clinical signs and symptoms, as well as hemodynamic data, help with initial assessment and continued monitoring to provide adequate support for the patient. It is necessary to understand these hemodynamic parameters, medication mechanisms of action, and available mechanical support when developing a patient-specific treatment plan. Rapid therapeutic intervention has been proven to decrease morbidity and mortality and is crucial to providing the best patient outcomes. Pharmacists can provide their expertise in medication selection, titration, monitoring, and dose adjustment in these critically ill patients. This review will focus on parameters used to assess hemodynamic status, the major causes of shock, pathophysiologic factors that cause shock, and therapeutic interventions that should be employed to improve patient outcomes.
    MeSH term(s) Animals ; Disease Management ; Fluid Therapy/methods ; Hemodynamics/drug effects ; Hemodynamics/physiology ; Humans ; Hypovolemia/diagnosis ; Hypovolemia/physiopathology ; Hypovolemia/therapy ; Perfusion/methods ; Shock/diagnosis ; Shock/physiopathology ; Shock/therapy ; Shock, Cardiogenic/diagnosis ; Shock, Cardiogenic/physiopathology ; Shock, Cardiogenic/therapy ; Vasoconstrictor Agents/pharmacology ; Vasoconstrictor Agents/therapeutic use
    Chemical Substances Vasoconstrictor Agents
    Language English
    Publishing date 2011-02
    Publishing country United States
    Document type Journal Article ; Review
    ZDB-ID 1027474-1
    ISSN 1531-1937 ; 0897-1900
    ISSN (online) 1531-1937
    ISSN 0897-1900
    DOI 10.1177/0897190010388150
    Database MEDical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System OnLINE

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    Zs.A 2893: Show issues Location:
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  3. Article: Risk factors and outcomes associated with vancomycin-resistant Enterococcus infections with reduced susceptibilities to linezolid

    Santayana, Elena M / Grim, Shellee A / Janda, William M / Layden, Jennifer E / Lee, Todd A / Clark, Nina M

    Diagnostic microbiology & infectious disease. 2012 Sept., v. 74, no. 1

    2012  

    Abstract: A retrospective matched case-control study of hospitalized patients with vancomycin-resistant Enterococcus (VRE) infection with reduced susceptibility to linezolid was performed in order to identify risk factors for this infection and describe patient ... ...

    Abstract A retrospective matched case-control study of hospitalized patients with vancomycin-resistant Enterococcus (VRE) infection with reduced susceptibility to linezolid was performed in order to identify risk factors for this infection and describe patient outcomes. Forty-eight linezolid nonsusceptible VRE cases were identified between January 1, 2000, and September 30, 2008, and compared to 96 controls with linezolid-susceptible VRE, matched based on culture date and anatomic site of infection. Demographic, clinical and microbiological data were collected. On univariable analysis, risk factors for reduced linezolid susceptibility included allogeneic hematopoietic stem cell transplant and/or solid organ transplant (odds ratio [OR]: 2.63; 95% confidence interval [CI]: 1.13–6.15; P = 0.025), receipt of immunosuppressive medications (OR: 2.39; 95% CI: 1.08–5.29; P = 0.032) including corticosteroids (OR: 2.40; 95% CI: 1.03–5.58; P = 0.042) and noncorticosteroid immunosuppressives (OR: 2.31; 95% CI: 1.00–5.30; P = 0.049), and receipt of linezolid within 1 year prior to infection (OR: 34.50, 95% CI: 4.60–259.02; P < 0.001). On multivariable analysis, only receipt of linezolid within 1 year remained an independent risk factor for reduced linezolid susceptibility (OR: 31.84; 95% CI: 4.20–241.39; P < 0.001), although most patients with VRE with reduced linezolid susceptibility had not received linezolid in the year prior. Reduced linezolid susceptibility did not impact patient outcomes including clinical or microbiological cure, hospital length of stay, or all-cause mortality.
    Keywords Enterococcus ; adrenal cortex hormones ; case-control studies ; confidence interval ; mortality ; odds ratio ; organ transplantation ; patients ; risk factors ; stem cells
    Language English
    Dates of publication 2012-09
    Size p. 39-42.
    Publishing place Elsevier Inc.
    Document type Article
    ZDB-ID 604920-5
    ISSN 0732-8893
    ISSN 0732-8893
    DOI 10.1016/j.diagmicrobio.2012.05.025
    Database NAL-Catalogue (AGRICOLA)

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  4. Article ; Online: Risk factors and outcomes associated with vancomycin-resistant Enterococcus infections with reduced susceptibilities to linezolid.

    Santayana, Elena M / Grim, Shellee A / Janda, William M / Layden, Jennifer E / Lee, Todd A / Clark, Nina M

    Diagnostic microbiology and infectious disease

    2012  Volume 74, Issue 1, Page(s) 39–42

    Abstract: A retrospective matched case-control study of hospitalized patients with vancomycin-resistant Enterococcus (VRE) infection with reduced susceptibility to linezolid was performed in order to identify risk factors for this infection and describe patient ... ...

    Abstract A retrospective matched case-control study of hospitalized patients with vancomycin-resistant Enterococcus (VRE) infection with reduced susceptibility to linezolid was performed in order to identify risk factors for this infection and describe patient outcomes. Forty-eight linezolid nonsusceptible VRE cases were identified between January 1, 2000, and September 30, 2008, and compared to 96 controls with linezolid-susceptible VRE, matched based on culture date and anatomic site of infection. Demographic, clinical and microbiological data were collected. On univariable analysis, risk factors for reduced linezolid susceptibility included allogeneic hematopoietic stem cell transplant and/or solid organ transplant (odds ratio [OR]: 2.63; 95% confidence interval [CI]: 1.13-6.15; P = 0.025), receipt of immunosuppressive medications (OR: 2.39; 95% CI: 1.08-5.29; P = 0.032) including corticosteroids (OR: 2.40; 95% CI: 1.03-5.58; P = 0.042) and noncorticosteroid immunosuppressives (OR: 2.31; 95% CI: 1.00-5.30; P = 0.049), and receipt of linezolid within 1 year prior to infection (OR: 34.50, 95% CI: 4.60-259.02; P < 0.001). On multivariable analysis, only receipt of linezolid within 1 year remained an independent risk factor for reduced linezolid susceptibility (OR: 31.84; 95% CI: 4.20-241.39; P < 0.001), although most patients with VRE with reduced linezolid susceptibility had not received linezolid in the year prior. Reduced linezolid susceptibility did not impact patient outcomes including clinical or microbiological cure, hospital length of stay, or all-cause mortality.
    MeSH term(s) Acetamides/pharmacology ; Adult ; Aged ; Aged, 80 and over ; Anti-Bacterial Agents/pharmacology ; Case-Control Studies ; Drug Resistance, Bacterial ; Enterococcus/drug effects ; Enterococcus/isolation & purification ; Female ; Gram-Positive Bacterial Infections/epidemiology ; Gram-Positive Bacterial Infections/microbiology ; Humans ; Linezolid ; Male ; Microbial Sensitivity Tests ; Middle Aged ; Oxazolidinones/pharmacology ; Retrospective Studies ; Risk Factors ; Treatment Outcome ; Vancomycin/pharmacology ; Young Adult
    Chemical Substances Acetamides ; Anti-Bacterial Agents ; Oxazolidinones ; Vancomycin (6Q205EH1VU) ; Linezolid (ISQ9I6J12J)
    Language English
    Publishing date 2012-09
    Publishing country United States
    Document type Journal Article
    ZDB-ID 604920-5
    ISSN 1879-0070 ; 0732-8893
    ISSN (online) 1879-0070
    ISSN 0732-8893
    DOI 10.1016/j.diagmicrobio.2012.05.025
    Database MEDical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System OnLINE

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  5. Article ; Online: Treatment of Hyponatremia in Patients with Acute Neurological Injury.

    Human, Theresa / Cook, Aaron M / Anger, Brian / Bledsoe, Kathleen / Castle, Amber / Deen, David / Gibbs, Haley / Lesch, Christine / Liang, Norah / McAllen, Karen / Morrison, Christopher / Parker, Dennis / Rowe, A Shaun / Rhoney, Denise / Sangha, Kiranpal / Santayana, Elena / Taylor, Scott / Tesoro, Eljim / Brophy, Gretchen

    Neurocritical care

    2015  Volume 27, Issue 2, Page(s) 242–248

    Abstract: Background: Little data exist regarding the practice of sodium management in acute neurologically injured patients. This study describes the practice variations, thresholds for treatment, and effectiveness of treatment in this population.: Methods: ... ...

    Abstract Background: Little data exist regarding the practice of sodium management in acute neurologically injured patients. This study describes the practice variations, thresholds for treatment, and effectiveness of treatment in this population.
    Methods: This retrospective, multicenter, observational study identified 400 ICU patients, from 17 centers, admitted for ≥48 h with subarachnoid hemorrhage (SAH), traumatic brain injury (TBI), intraparenchymal hemorrhage, or intracranial tumors between January 1, 2011 and July 31, 2012. Data collection included demographics, APACHE II, Glascow Coma Score (GCS), serum sodium (Na+), fluid rate and tonicity, use of sodium-altering therapies, intensive care unit (ICU) and hospital length of stay, and modified Rankin score upon discharge. Data were collected for the first 21 days of ICU admission or ICU discharge, whichever came first. Sodium trigger for treatment defined as the Na+ value prior to treatment with response defined as an increase of ≥4 mEq/L at 24 h.
    Results: Sodium-altering therapy was initiated in 34 % (137/400) of patients with 23 % (32/137) having Na
    Conclusion: Sodium-altering therapy is commonly employed among neurologically injured patients. Hypertonic saline infusions were used first line in more than half of treated patients with the majority having a positive response at 24 h. Further studies are needed to evaluate the impact of various treatments on patient outcomes.
    MeSH term(s) Adult ; Aged ; Brain Injuries, Traumatic/blood ; Brain Injuries, Traumatic/complications ; Brain Injuries, Traumatic/therapy ; Brain Neoplasms/blood ; Brain Neoplasms/complications ; Brain Neoplasms/therapy ; Critical Care/methods ; Female ; Humans ; Hyponatremia/blood ; Hyponatremia/etiology ; Hyponatremia/therapy ; Intensive Care Units ; Intracranial Hemorrhages/blood ; Intracranial Hemorrhages/complications ; Intracranial Hemorrhages/therapy ; Male ; Middle Aged ; Outcome Assessment (Health Care) ; Retrospective Studies ; Saline Solution, Hypertonic/therapeutic use ; Sodium Chloride/administration & dosage
    Chemical Substances Saline Solution, Hypertonic ; Sodium Chloride (451W47IQ8X)
    Language English
    Publishing date 2015-12-23
    Publishing country United States
    Document type Journal Article ; Multicenter Study ; Observational Study
    ZDB-ID 2381896-7
    ISSN 1556-0961 ; 1541-6933
    ISSN (online) 1556-0961
    ISSN 1541-6933
    DOI 10.1007/s12028-016-0343-x
    Database MEDical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System OnLINE

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