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  1. Article ; Online: An Efficient Microwave Assisted Copper Catalyzed C-3 Amination of 3-Bromopyrazolo[1,5–a]pyrimidine

    Iorkula, Terungwa / Tolman, Bryce / Singleton, Justin D. / Peterson, Matt A.

    Tetrahedron Letters. 2023 Feb. 04, p.154393-

    2023  , Page(s) 154393–

    Abstract: Treatment of 3-bromopyrazolo[1,5–a]pyrimidine with a variety of 1° or 2° alkylamines with 20 mol% CuI, 40 mol% L-proline, and Et₃N (2 equiv) in DMSO under microwave heating at 130 °C (4 hours) gave the corresponding C-3 aminated products in good to ... ...

    Abstract Treatment of 3-bromopyrazolo[1,5–a]pyrimidine with a variety of 1° or 2° alkylamines with 20 mol% CuI, 40 mol% L-proline, and Et₃N (2 equiv) in DMSO under microwave heating at 130 °C (4 hours) gave the corresponding C-3 aminated products in good to excellent isolated yields (54–90%; ave. yield = 77%). The reaction worked well for simple 1° alkylamines (e.g. butylamine, benzylamine, cyclohexylamine, and isopropylamine), and 1° amines with CH₂- or CH₂CH₂-linked heterocycles (e.g. furan, thiophene, pyridine, and/or indole) were also well tolerated. 2° Alkylamines were also good substrates for this reaction (e.g. piperidine, pyrrolidine, and morpholine). The reaction worked well under conventional heating conditions on both the mg or gram-scales, with representative gram-scale reactions giving products in 72-76% yield under conventional heating. Coupling to a pegylated azide (11-azido-3,6,9-trioxaundecan-1-amine, 65% yield microwave) demonstrated compatibility of this coupling methodology for potential click-type conjugation of the pyrazolo[1,5–a]pyrimidine to biologically relevant target ligands.
    Keywords amination ; azides ; benzylamines ; butylamine ; furans ; heat ; indoles ; ligands ; morpholine ; piperidines ; proline ; pyridines ; thiophene ; Pyrazolo[1,5–a]pyrimidine ; 3-Bromopyrazolo[1,5–a]pyrimidine ; Copper catalyzed amination
    Language English
    Dates of publication 2023-0204
    Publishing place Elsevier Ltd
    Document type Article ; Online
    Note Pre-press version
    ZDB-ID 204287-3
    ISSN 1873-3581 ; 0040-4039
    ISSN (online) 1873-3581
    ISSN 0040-4039
    DOI 10.1016/j.tetlet.2023.154393
    Database NAL-Catalogue (AGRICOLA)

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  2. Article ; Online: Machine Learning Models for Predicting Zirconocene Properties and Barriers.

    Kirkland, Justin K / Kumawat, Jugal / Shaban Tameh, Maliheh / Tolman, Tyson / Lambert, Allison C / Lief, Graham R / Yang, Qing / Ess, Daniel H

    Journal of chemical information and modeling

    2024  Volume 64, Issue 3, Page(s) 775–784

    Abstract: Zr metallocenes have significant potential to be highly tunable polyethylene catalysts through modification of the aromatic ligand framework. Here we report the development of multiple machine learning models using a large library (>700 systems) of DFT- ... ...

    Abstract Zr metallocenes have significant potential to be highly tunable polyethylene catalysts through modification of the aromatic ligand framework. Here we report the development of multiple machine learning models using a large library (>700 systems) of DFT-calculated zirconocene properties and barriers for ethylene polymerization. We show that very accurate machine learning models are possible for HOMO-LUMO gaps of precatalysts but the performance significantly depends on the machine learning algorithm and type of featurization, such as fingerprints, Coulomb matrices, smooth overlap of atomic positions, or persistence images. Surprisingly, the description of the bonding hapticity, the number of direct connections between Zr and the ligand aromatic carbons, only has a moderate influence on the performance of most models. Despite robust models for HOMO-LUMO gaps, these types of machine learning models based on structure connectivity type features perform poorly in predicting ethylene migratory insertion barrier heights. Therefore, we developed several relatively robust and accurate machine learning models for barrier heights that are based on quantum-chemical descriptors (QCDs). The quantitative accuracy of these models depends on which potential energy surface structure QCDs were harvested from. This revealed a Hammett-type principle to naturally emerge showing that QCDs from the π-coordination complexes provide much better descriptions of the transition states than other potential-energy structures. Feature importance analysis of the QCDs provides several fundamental principles that influence zirconocene catalyst reactivity.
    MeSH term(s) Ligands ; Organometallic Compounds/chemistry ; Ethylenes/chemistry ; Machine Learning ; Zirconium
    Chemical Substances Zirconocene dichloride (1291-32-3) ; Ligands ; Organometallic Compounds ; ethylene (91GW059KN7) ; Ethylenes ; Zirconium (C6V6S92N3C)
    Language English
    Publishing date 2024-01-23
    Publishing country United States
    Document type Journal Article
    ZDB-ID 190019-5
    ISSN 1549-960X ; 0095-2338
    ISSN (online) 1549-960X
    ISSN 0095-2338
    DOI 10.1021/acs.jcim.3c01575
    Database MEDical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System OnLINE

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  3. Article ; Online: Treatment options for refractory and difficult to treat seizures: focus on vigabatrin.

    Tolman, Justin A / Faulkner, Michele A

    Therapeutics and clinical risk management

    2011  Volume 7, Page(s) 367–375

    Abstract: Complex partial seizures are often refractory to current pharmacological therapies. These difficult to treat seizures are typically managed using multiple antiepileptic drugs (AEDs). AEDs as a group are frequently associated with significant adverse drug ...

    Abstract Complex partial seizures are often refractory to current pharmacological therapies. These difficult to treat seizures are typically managed using multiple antiepileptic drugs (AEDs). AEDs as a group are frequently associated with significant adverse drug effects, multiple drug interactions, and numerous potential clinical complications due to their individual pharmacokinetic profiles and unique drug properties. Recently, the approval of vigabatrin by the US Food and Drug Administration has necessitated that clinicians re-evaluate these risk-benefit relationships and determine where the drug fits within the treatment scheme for the management of complex partial seizures. This review will facilitate that re-evaluation through a brief review of AEDs used in the treatment of complex partial seizures, followed by a focused discussion on vigabatrin.
    Language English
    Publishing date 2011-09-01
    Publishing country New Zealand
    Document type Journal Article
    ZDB-ID 2186560-7
    ISSN 1178-203X ; 1176-6336
    ISSN (online) 1178-203X
    ISSN 1176-6336
    DOI 10.2147/TCRM.S8519
    Database MEDical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System OnLINE

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  4. Article: Safety and efficacy of vigabatrin for the treatment of infantile spasms.

    Faulkner, Michele A / Tolman, Justin A

    Journal of central nervous system disease

    2011  Volume 3, Page(s) 199–207

    Abstract: In 2009, vigabatrin became the first FDA approved medication for the treatment of infantile spasms in the United States. There are few well-designed prospective studies comparing the drug to placebo or other modalities used in the treatment of infantile ... ...

    Abstract In 2009, vigabatrin became the first FDA approved medication for the treatment of infantile spasms in the United States. There are few well-designed prospective studies comparing the drug to placebo or other modalities used in the treatment of infantile spasms. The available data have demonstrated that vigabatrin is efficacious in the treatment of infantile spasms regardless of underlying etiology, but that it is particularly beneficial in patients with a diagnosis of tuberous sclerosis. Adrenocorticotropic hormone (ACTH), the only other medication with robust efficacy data, has been used as first line therapy for infantile spasms associated with other etiologies, and in general controls spasms sooner than vigabatrin, though relapse is common with both therapies. Vigabatrin is generally well tolerated. However, use has been associated with permanent loss of peripheral vision in some patients. In children with tuberous sclerosis, vigabatrin should be considered as initial therapy for infantile spasms. It is a viable alternative for patients with suboptimal response, contraindications or intolerance to ACTH.
    Language English
    Publishing date 2011-09-14
    Publishing country United States
    Document type Journal Article
    ZDB-ID 2586873-1
    ISSN 1179-5735
    ISSN 1179-5735
    DOI 10.4137/JCNSD.S6371
    Database MEDical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System OnLINE

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  5. Article ; Online: Characterization and Systemic Delivery of Dibenzoylmethane via the Intranasal Route.

    Vora, Deepal / Kincaid, Anthony E / Tolman, Justin / Chauhan, Harsh

    AAPS PharmSciTech

    2021  Volume 22, Issue 1, Page(s) 30

    Abstract: Intranasal (IN) administration is known to be noninvasive with the potential to carry a drug or vaccine directly to the blood, bypassing first-pass metabolism in the liver and the harsh environment of the gastrointestinal system. Orally administered ... ...

    Abstract Intranasal (IN) administration is known to be noninvasive with the potential to carry a drug or vaccine directly to the blood, bypassing first-pass metabolism in the liver and the harsh environment of the gastrointestinal system. Orally administered dibenzoylmethane (DBM) has been shown experimentally to be neuroprotective in animal models of tauopathy and prion disease and effective in the treatment of certain forms of cancers. The purpose of this study was to prepare, characterize, and test formulations of DBM designed for IN administration. DBM was formulated in brain homogenate (BH) and hypromellose and as nanoparticles (NPs). These formulations were detected using UPLC and characterized in solid and suspension states; NPs were also characterized by in vitro cell culture-based studies. Particle size for DBM NP was 163.8 ± 3.2 nm, and in vitro release studies showed 95.80% of DBM was released from the NPs within 8 days. In vitro cell, culture studies suggested no drug uptake until 6 h. A histological analysis of nasal cavity (NC) sections and blood detection studies were carried out 30 min after inhalation. DBM amounting to 40.77 ± 4.93 and 44.45 ± 5.36 ng/mL was detected in the blood of animals administered DBM in polymeric and NP formulation, respectively. Histological studies on NCs confirmed the presence of BH within lymphatic vessels in the lamina propria of each animal; BH was identified traversing the mucosa in 2 animals. Thus, formulations for DBM administered via IN route were successfully designed and characterized and able to cross the nasal mucosa following inhalation.
    MeSH term(s) Administration, Intranasal ; Animals ; Brain/metabolism ; Chalcones/administration & dosage ; Drug Carriers/administration & dosage ; Drug Delivery Systems ; Nanoparticles/administration & dosage ; Nasal Mucosa/drug effects ; Nasal Mucosa/metabolism ; Particle Size
    Chemical Substances Chalcones ; Drug Carriers ; dibenzoylmethane (ANS7ME8OKC)
    Language English
    Publishing date 2021-01-06
    Publishing country United States
    Document type Journal Article
    ZDB-ID 2052070-0
    ISSN 1530-9932 ; 1530-9932
    ISSN (online) 1530-9932
    ISSN 1530-9932
    DOI 10.1208/s12249-020-01904-9
    Database MEDical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System OnLINE

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  6. Article ; Online: Advances in the pulmonary delivery of poorly water-soluble drugs: influence of solubilization on pharmacokinetic properties.

    Tolman, Justin A / Williams, Robert O

    Drug development and industrial pharmacy

    2010  Volume 36, Issue 1, Page(s) 1–30

    Abstract: Background: Pulmonary drug delivery is an accepted route of drug administration for the management of lung conditions and diseases as well as an evolving route of administration for the systemic delivery of agents. Many inhaled drugs pose formulation ... ...

    Abstract Background: Pulmonary drug delivery is an accepted route of drug administration for the management of lung conditions and diseases as well as an evolving route of administration for the systemic delivery of agents. Many inhaled drugs pose formulation and delivery challenges in part because of poor aqueous solubility. The influence of poor aqueous solubility and formulation-based solubility enhancements on the pharmacokinetic profile of inhaled agents was reviewed.
    Method: A systematic review was performed to identify literature that reported pharmacokinetic findings following the pulmonary delivery of a poorly water-soluble agent.
    Results: The influence of solubility and formulation-based solubility enhancements on pharmacokinetic parameters following inhalation of corticosteroids, antifungals, oligopeptides, and opioids, was compiled.
    Conclusion: Poor aqueous solubility did not uniformly affect the pharmacokinetic profile for inhaled agents. Physicochemical and formulation-based solubility enhancement did affect drug absorption from the lungs. Numerous drug- and formulation-dependant pharmacokinetic effects were identified.
    MeSH term(s) Administration, Inhalation ; Animals ; Drug Delivery Systems ; Humans ; Lung/metabolism ; Lung Diseases/drug therapy ; Pharmaceutical Preparations/administration & dosage ; Pharmaceutical Preparations/chemistry ; Pharmacokinetics ; Solubility
    Chemical Substances Pharmaceutical Preparations
    Language English
    Publishing date 2010-01
    Publishing country England
    Document type Journal Article ; Review
    ZDB-ID 751874-2
    ISSN 1520-5762 ; 0363-9045
    ISSN (online) 1520-5762
    ISSN 0363-9045
    DOI 10.3109/03639040903092319
    Database MEDical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System OnLINE

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  7. Article ; Online: Vigabatrin: a comprehensive review of drug properties including clinical updates following recent FDA approval.

    Tolman, Justin A / Faulkner, Michele A

    Expert opinion on pharmacotherapy

    2009  Volume 10, Issue 18, Page(s) 3077–3089

    Abstract: Background: Vigabatrin (Sabril) was approved in the USA in mid-2009 for the adjunctive treatment of refractory complex partial seizures and as treatment of infantile spasms. Vigabatrin's more than 30-year history of research and development is condensed ...

    Abstract Background: Vigabatrin (Sabril) was approved in the USA in mid-2009 for the adjunctive treatment of refractory complex partial seizures and as treatment of infantile spasms. Vigabatrin's more than 30-year history of research and development is condensed into a clinically relevant review pertaining to this 2009 approval.
    Methods/discussion: A review of the scientific literature was conducted with special focus given to the drug molecule, its mechanism of action, its effects on living systems (e.g., pharmacokinetic, pharmacologic and toxicologic), and its anticipated role among antiepileptic drugs in the USA.
    Conclusions: The recent approval of vigabatrin makes a significant addition to antiepileptic drug options. The FDA implemented a Risk Evaluation and Mitigation Strategy to control for the possibility of severe adverse drug events.
    MeSH term(s) Adult ; Animals ; Anticonvulsants/adverse effects ; Anticonvulsants/chemistry ; Anticonvulsants/pharmacology ; Anticonvulsants/therapeutic use ; Drug Approval ; Epilepsy, Complex Partial/drug therapy ; Humans ; Infant ; Middle Aged ; Registries ; Spasms, Infantile/drug therapy ; United States ; Vigabatrin/adverse effects ; Vigabatrin/chemistry ; Vigabatrin/pharmacology ; Vigabatrin/therapeutic use ; Vision Disorders/chemically induced ; Young Adult
    Chemical Substances Anticonvulsants ; Vigabatrin (GR120KRT6K)
    Language English
    Publishing date 2009-12
    Publishing country England
    Document type Journal Article ; Review
    ZDB-ID 2001535-5
    ISSN 1744-7666 ; 1465-6566
    ISSN (online) 1744-7666
    ISSN 1465-6566
    DOI 10.1517/14656560903451690
    Database MEDical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System OnLINE

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  8. Article ; Online: Evaluation of triazole-chelated lanthanides as chemically stabile bioimaging agents.

    Indapurkar, Amruta / Henriksen, Brian / Tolman, Justin / Fletcher, James

    Journal of pharmaceutical sciences

    2013  Volume 102, Issue 8, Page(s) 2589–2598

    Abstract: Europium (Eu), dysprosium (Dy), samarium (Sm), and terbium (Tb) complexes were prepared using the neutral tridentate chelator 2,6-bis(1-benzyl-1,2,3-triazol-4-yl)pyridine and one equivalent of each lanthanide salt. The physicochemical, aerodynamic, and ... ...

    Abstract Europium (Eu), dysprosium (Dy), samarium (Sm), and terbium (Tb) complexes were prepared using the neutral tridentate chelator 2,6-bis(1-benzyl-1,2,3-triazol-4-yl)pyridine and one equivalent of each lanthanide salt. The physicochemical, aerodynamic, and in vitro cellular properties of each lanthanide metal complex were studied to determine their viability as cell surface fluorescent probes. Each compound was characterized by electrospray ionization mass spectroscopy (ESI-MS), ultraperformance liquid chromatography (UPLC), differential scanning calorimetry (DSC), and thermogravimetic analysis (TGA). Upon excitation at 320 nm each complex displayed characteristic lanthanide-based fluorescence emission in the visible wavelength range with stokes shifts greater than 200 nm. Each complex was found to be chemically stable when exposed to pH range of 1-11 for 72 h and resistant to photobleaching. To simulate pulmonary administration of these fluorophores, the aerodynamic properties of the Eu and Tb complexes were determined using a next generation impactor (NGI). This measurement confirmed that the complexes retain their fluorescence emission properties after nebulization. Cellular cytotoxicity was determined on A-549 lung cancer cell line using methylthiazol tetrazolium (MTT) cytotoxicity assay at 24, 48, and 72 h postexposure to the complexes. The complexes showed a dose and time-dependent effect on the percent viability of the cells.
    MeSH term(s) Cell Line, Tumor ; Cell Survival/drug effects ; Chelating Agents/chemistry ; Chelating Agents/toxicity ; Coordination Complexes/chemistry ; Coordination Complexes/toxicity ; Fluorescent Dyes/chemistry ; Fluorescent Dyes/toxicity ; Humans ; Lanthanoid Series Elements/chemistry ; Lanthanoid Series Elements/toxicity ; Solubility ; Triazoles/chemistry ; Triazoles/toxicity
    Chemical Substances Chelating Agents ; Coordination Complexes ; Fluorescent Dyes ; Lanthanoid Series Elements ; Triazoles
    Language English
    Publishing date 2013-08
    Publishing country United States
    Document type Journal Article ; Research Support, N.I.H., Extramural
    ZDB-ID 3151-3
    ISSN 1520-6017 ; 0022-3549
    ISSN (online) 1520-6017
    ISSN 0022-3549
    DOI 10.1002/jps.23616
    Database MEDical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System OnLINE

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  9. Article ; Online: Safety and Efficacy of Vigabatrin for the Treatment of Infantile Spasms

    Michele A. Faulkner / Justin A. Tolman

    Journal of Central Nervous System Disease, Vol 2011, Iss 3, Pp 199-

    2011  Volume 207

    Keywords Neurology. Diseases of the nervous system ; RC346-429 ; Neurosciences. Biological psychiatry. Neuropsychiatry ; RC321-571 ; Internal medicine ; RC31-1245 ; Medicine ; R ; DOAJ:Neurology ; DOAJ:Medicine (General) ; DOAJ:Health Sciences
    Language English
    Publishing date 2011-09-01T00:00:00Z
    Publisher Libertas Academica
    Document type Article ; Online
    Database BASE - Bielefeld Academic Search Engine (life sciences selection)

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  10. Book: Pharmaceutics

    Dash, Alekha K / Singh, Somnath / Tolman, Justin

    basic principles and application to pharmacy practice

    2014  

    Author's details edited by Alekha K. Dash, Somnath Singh, Justin Tolman
    MeSH term(s) Pharmacy/methods ; Pharmaceutical Preparations ; Chemistry, Pharmaceutical ; Drug Therapy
    Language English
    Size xiii, 378 pages :, illustrations
    Document type Book
    ISBN 9780123868909 ; 0123868904
    Database Catalogue of the US National Library of Medicine (NLM)

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