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Article ; Online: Streamlining cell fate decisions during chondrogenesis.

Rim, Yeri Alice / Ju, Ji Hyeon

2021 Volume 17, Issue 6, Page(s) 313–314

MeSH term(s)	Cell Differentiation ; Chondrogenesis ; Mesenchymal Stem Cells
Language	English
Publishing date	2021-03-22
Publishing country	United States
Document type	Journal Article ; Comment
ZDB-ID	2491532-4
ISSN	1759-4804 ; 1759-4790
ISSN (online)	1759-4804
ISSN	1759-4790
DOI	10.1038/s41584-021-00604-3
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Article: Impaired Osteogenesis in Human Induced Pluripotent Stem Cells with Acetaldehyde Dehydrogenase 2 Mutations.

Lim, Jooyoung / Han, Heeju / Jung, Se In / Rim, Yeri Alice / Ju, Ji Hyeon

International journal of stem cells

2024

Abstract: Acetaldehyde dehydrogenase 2 (ALDH2) is the second enzyme involved in the breakdown of acetaldehyde into acetic acid during the process of alcohol metabolism. Roughly 40% of East Asians carry one or two ALDH2*2 alleles, and the presence ... ...

Abstract	Acetaldehyde dehydrogenase 2 (ALDH2) is the second enzyme involved in the breakdown of acetaldehyde into acetic acid during the process of alcohol metabolism. Roughly 40% of East Asians carry one or two ALDH2*2 alleles, and the presence of
Language	English
Publishing date	2024-04-12
Publishing country	Korea (South)
Document type	Journal Article
ZDB-ID	2914134-5
ISSN	2005-5447 ; 2005-3606
ISSN (online)	2005-5447
ISSN	2005-3606
DOI	10.15283/ijsc23151
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Article ; Online: Recent updates of stem cell-based erythropoiesis.

Han, Heeju / Rim, Yeri Alice / Ju, Ji Hyeon

Human cell

2023 Volume 36, Issue 3, Page(s) 894–907

Abstract: Blood transfusions are now an essential part of modern medicine. Transfusable red blood cells (RBCs) are employed in various therapeutic strategies; however, the processes of blood donation, collection, and administration still involve many limitations. ... ...

Abstract	Blood transfusions are now an essential part of modern medicine. Transfusable red blood cells (RBCs) are employed in various therapeutic strategies; however, the processes of blood donation, collection, and administration still involve many limitations. Notably, a lack of donors, the risk of transfusion-transmitted disease, and recent pandemics such as COVID-19 have prompted us to search for alternative therapeutics to replace this resource. Originally, RBC production was attempted via the ex vivo differentiation of stem cells. However, a more approachable and effective cell source is now required for broader applications. As a viable alternative, pluripotent stem cells have been actively used in recent research. In this review, we discuss the basic concepts related to erythropoiesis, as well as early research using hematopoietic stem cells ex vivo, and discuss the current trend of in vitro erythropoiesis using human-induced pluripotent stem cells.
MeSH term(s)	Humans ; Erythropoiesis ; COVID-19 ; Erythrocytes ; Hematopoietic Stem Cells ; Pluripotent Stem Cells ; Cell Differentiation/genetics
Language	English
Publishing date	2023-02-09
Publishing country	Japan
Document type	Journal Article ; Review
ZDB-ID	1149134-6
ISSN	1749-0774 ; 0914-7470
ISSN (online)	1749-0774
ISSN	0914-7470
DOI	10.1007/s13577-023-00872-z
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Article ; Online: Replacing Animal Testing with Stem Cell-Organoids : Advantages and Limitations.

Park, Guiyoung / Rim, Yeri Alice / Sohn, Yeowon / Nam, Yoojun / Ju, Ji Hyeon

Stem cell reviews and reports

2024

Abstract: Various groups including animal protection organizations, medical organizations, research centers, and even federal agencies such as the U.S. Food and Drug Administration, are working to minimize animal use in scientific experiments. This movement ... ...

Abstract	Various groups including animal protection organizations, medical organizations, research centers, and even federal agencies such as the U.S. Food and Drug Administration, are working to minimize animal use in scientific experiments. This movement primarily stems from animal welfare and ethical concerns. However, recent advances in technology and new studies in medicine have contributed to an increase in animal experiments throughout the years. With the rapid increase in animal testing, concerns arise including ethical issues, high cost, complex procedures, and potential inaccuracies.Alternative solutions have recently been investigated to address the problems of animal testing. Some of these technologies are related to stem cell technologies, such as organ-on-a-chip, organoids, and induced pluripotent stem cell models. The aim of the review is to focus on stem cell related methodologies, such as organoids, that can serve as an alternative to animal testing and discuss its advantages and limitations, alongside regulatory considerations.Although stem cell related methodologies has shortcomings, it has potential to replace animal testing. Achieving this requires further research on stem cells, with potential societal and technological benefits.
Language	English
Publishing date	2024-04-19
Publishing country	United States
Document type	Journal Article ; Review
ZDB-ID	2495577-2
ISSN	2629-3277 ; 1558-6804 ; 1550-8943
ISSN (online)	2629-3277 ; 1558-6804
ISSN	1550-8943
DOI	10.1007/s12015-024-10723-5
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Article ; Online: Stepwise combined cell transplantation using mesenchymal stem cells and induced pluripotent stem cell-derived motor neuron progenitor cells in spinal cord injury.

Kim, Jang-Woon / Kim, Juryun / Mo, Hyunkyung / Han, Heeju / Rim, Yeri Alice / Ju, Ji Hyeon

Stem cell research & therapy

2024 Volume 15, Issue 1, Page(s) 114

Abstract: Background: Spinal cord injury (SCI) is an intractable neurological disease in which functions cannot be permanently restored due to nerve damage. Stem cell therapy is a promising strategy for neuroregeneration after SCI. However, experimental evidence ... ...

Abstract	Background: Spinal cord injury (SCI) is an intractable neurological disease in which functions cannot be permanently restored due to nerve damage. Stem cell therapy is a promising strategy for neuroregeneration after SCI. However, experimental evidence of its therapeutic effect in SCI is lacking. This study aimed to investigate the efficacy of transplanted cells using stepwise combined cell therapy with human mesenchymal stem cells (hMSC) and induced pluripotent stem cell (iPSC)-derived motor neuron progenitor cells (iMNP) in a rat model of SCI. Methods: A contusive SCI model was developed in Sprague-Dawley rats using multicenter animal spinal cord injury study (MASCIS) impactor. Three protocols were designed and conducted as follows: (Subtopic 1) chronic SCI + iMNP, (Subtopic 2) acute SCI + multiple hMSC injections, and (Main topic) chronic SCI + stepwise combined cell therapy using multiple preemptive hMSC and iMNP. Neurite outgrowth was induced by coculturing hMSC and iPSC-derived motor neuron (iMN) on both two-dimensional (2D) and three-dimensional (3D) spheroid platforms during mature iMN differentiation in vitro. Results: Stepwise combined cell therapy promoted mature motor neuron differentiation and axonal regeneration at the lesional site. In addition, stepwise combined cell therapy improved behavioral recovery and was more effective than single cell therapy alone. In vitro results showed that hMSC and iMN act synergistically and play a critical role in the induction of neurite outgrowth during iMN differentiation and maturation. Conclusions: Our findings show that stepwise combined cell therapy can induce alterations in the microenvironment for effective cell therapy in SCI. The in vitro results suggest that co-culturing hMSC and iMN can synergistically promote induction of MN neurite outgrowth.
MeSH term(s)	Spinal Cord Injuries/therapy ; Animals ; Induced Pluripotent Stem Cells/cytology ; Rats, Sprague-Dawley ; Mesenchymal Stem Cell Transplantation/methods ; Motor Neurons/cytology ; Rats ; Mesenchymal Stem Cells/cytology ; Mesenchymal Stem Cells/metabolism ; Humans ; Cell Differentiation ; Disease Models, Animal ; Nerve Regeneration
Language	English
Publishing date	2024-04-23
Publishing country	England
Document type	Journal Article ; Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't
ZDB-ID	2548671-8
ISSN	1757-6512 ; 1757-6512
ISSN (online)	1757-6512
ISSN	1757-6512
DOI	10.1186/s13287-024-03714-3
Database	MEDical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System OnLINE

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Article ; Online: The Role of Transforming Growth Factor Beta in Joint Homeostasis and Cartilage Regeneration.

Kim, Jung Gon / Rim, Yeri Alice / Ju, Ji Hyeon

Tissue engineering. Part C, Methods

2022 Volume 28, Issue 10, Page(s) 570–587

Abstract: Transforming growth factor-beta (TGF-β) is an important regulator of joint homeostasis, of which dysregulation is closely associated with the development of osteoarthritis (OA). In normal conditions, its biological functions in a joint environment are ... ...

Abstract	Transforming growth factor-beta (TGF-β) is an important regulator of joint homeostasis, of which dysregulation is closely associated with the development of osteoarthritis (OA). In normal conditions, its biological functions in a joint environment are joint protective, but it can be dramatically altered in different contexts, making its therapeutic application a challenge. However, with the deeper insights into the TGF-β functions, it has been proven that TGF-β augments cartilage regeneration by chondrocytes, and differentiates both the precursor cells of chondrocytes and stem cells into cartilage-generating chondrocytes. Following documentation of the therapeutic efficacy of chondrocytes augmented by TGF-β in the last decade, there is an ongoing phase III clinical trial examining the therapeutic efficacy of a mixture of allogeneic chondrocytes and TGF-β-overexpressing cells. To prepare cartilage-restoring chondrocytes from induced pluripotent stem cells (iPSCs), the stem cells are differentiated mainly using TGF-β with some other growth factors. Of note, clinical trials evaluating the therapeutic efficacy of iPSCs for OA are scheduled this year. Mesenchymal stromal stem cells (MSCs) have inherent limitations in that they differentiate into the osteochondral pathway, resulting in the production of poor-quality cartilage. Despite the established essential role of TGF-β in chondrogenic differentiation of MSCs, whether the coordinated use of TGF-β in MSC-based therapy for degenerated cartilage is effective is unknown. We herein reviewed the general characteristics and mechanism of action of TGF-β in a joint environment. Furthermore, we discussed the core interaction of TGF-β with principal cells of OA cell-based therapies, the chondrocytes, MSCs, and iPSCs. Impact Statement Transforming growth factor-beta (TGF-β) has been widely used as a core regulator to improve or formulate therapeutic regenerative cells for degenerative joints. It differentiates stem cells into chondrocytes and improves the chondrogenic potential of differentiated chondrocytes. Herein, we discussed the overall characteristics of TGF-β and reviewed the comprehension and utilization of TGF-β in cell-based therapy for degenerative joint disease.
MeSH term(s)	Transforming Growth Factor beta/pharmacology ; Cartilage ; Chondrogenesis/physiology ; Chondrocytes ; Cell Differentiation ; Homeostasis ; Regeneration ; Transforming Growth Factors/metabolism ; Transforming Growth Factors/pharmacology ; Cartilage, Articular/metabolism ; Transforming Growth Factor beta1/pharmacology
Chemical Substances	Transforming Growth Factor beta ; Transforming Growth Factors (76057-06-2) ; Transforming Growth Factor beta1
Language	English
Publishing date	2022-07-01
Publishing country	United States
Document type	Journal Article ; Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't
ZDB-ID	2420585-0
ISSN	1937-3392 ; 1937-3384
ISSN (online)	1937-3392
ISSN	1937-3384
DOI	10.1089/ten.TEC.2022.0016
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Article: The Role of Fibrosis in Osteoarthritis Progression.

Rim, Yeri Alice / Ju, Ji Hyeon

Life (Basel, Switzerland)

2020 Volume 11, Issue 1

Abstract: Osteoarthritis (OA) is a chronic degenerative joint disease where the main characteristics include cartilage degeneration and synovial membrane inflammation. These changes in the knee joint eventually dampen the function of the joint and restrict joint ... ...

Abstract	Osteoarthritis (OA) is a chronic degenerative joint disease where the main characteristics include cartilage degeneration and synovial membrane inflammation. These changes in the knee joint eventually dampen the function of the joint and restrict joint movement, which eventually leads to a stage where total joint replacement is the only treatment option. While much is still unknown about the pathogenesis and progression mechanism of OA, joint fibrosis can be a critical issue for better understanding this disease. Synovial fibrosis and the generation of fibrocartilage are the two main fibrosis-related characteristics that can be found in OA. However, these two processes remain mostly misunderstood. In this review, we focus on the fibrosis process in OA, especially in the cartilage and the synovium tissue, which are the main tissues involved in OA.
Language	English
Publishing date	2020-12-23
Publishing country	Switzerland
Document type	Journal Article ; Review
ZDB-ID	2662250-6
ISSN	2075-1729
ISSN	2075-1729
DOI	10.3390/life11010003
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Article ; Online: Effects of stepwise administration of osteoprotegerin and parathyroid hormone-related peptide DNA vectors on bone formation in ovariectomized rat model.

Eom, Ye Ji / Kim, Jang-Woon / Rim, Yeri Alice / Lim, Jooyoung / Jung, Se In / Ju, Ji Hyeon

Scientific reports

2024 Volume 14, Issue 1, Page(s) 2477

Abstract: Osteoporosis is a metabolic bone disease that impairs bone mineral density, microarchitecture, and strength. It requires continuous management, and further research into new treatment options is necessary. Osteoprotegerin (OPG) inhibits bone resorption ... ...

Abstract	Osteoporosis is a metabolic bone disease that impairs bone mineral density, microarchitecture, and strength. It requires continuous management, and further research into new treatment options is necessary. Osteoprotegerin (OPG) inhibits bone resorption and osteoclast activity. The objective of this study was to investigate the effects of stepwise administration of OPG-encoded minicircles (mcOPG) and a bone formation regulator, parathyroid hormone-related peptide (PTHrP)-encoded minicircles (mcPTHrP) in osteoporosis. The combined treatment with mcOPG and mcPTHrP significantly increased osteogenic marker expression in osteoblast differentiation compared with the single treatment groups. A model of postmenopausal osteoporosis was established in 12-week-old female rats through ovariectomy (OVX). After 8 weeks of OVX, mcOPG (80 µg/kg) was administered via intravenous injection. After 16 weeks of OVX, mcPTHrP (80 µg/kg) was injected once a week for 3 weeks. The bone microstructure in the femur was evaluated 24 weeks after OVX using micro-CT. In a proof-of-concept study, stepwise treatment with mcOPG and mcPTHrP on an OVX rat model significantly improved bone microstructure compared to treatment with mcOPG or mcPTHrP alone. These results suggest that stepwise treatment with mcOPG and mcPTHrP may be a potential treatment for osteoporosis.
MeSH term(s)	Humans ; Rats ; Female ; Animals ; Osteogenesis ; Parathyroid Hormone-Related Protein/pharmacology ; Rats, Sprague-Dawley ; Osteoprotegerin/genetics ; Osteoprotegerin/metabolism ; Osteoporosis/genetics ; Bone Density ; Ovariectomy
Chemical Substances	Parathyroid Hormone-Related Protein ; Osteoprotegerin
Language	English
Publishing date	2024-01-30
Publishing country	England
Document type	Journal Article
ZDB-ID	2615211-3
ISSN	2045-2322 ; 2045-2322
ISSN (online)	2045-2322
ISSN	2045-2322
DOI	10.1038/s41598-024-51957-0
Database	MEDical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System OnLINE

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Article ; Online: Anti-fibrotic effect of a selective estrogen receptor modulator in systemic sclerosis.

Kim, Yena / Nam, Yoojun / Rim, Yeri Alice / Ju, Ji Hyeon

Stem cell research & therapy

2022 Volume 13, Issue 1, Page(s) 303

Abstract: Background: The rarity of systemic sclerosis (SSc) has hampered the development of therapies for this intractable autoimmune disease. Induced pluripotent stem cell (iPSC) can be differentiated into the key disease-affected cells in vitro. The generation ...

Abstract	Background: The rarity of systemic sclerosis (SSc) has hampered the development of therapies for this intractable autoimmune disease. Induced pluripotent stem cell (iPSC) can be differentiated into the key disease-affected cells in vitro. The generation of patient-derived iPSCs has opened up possibilities for rare disease modeling. Since these cells can recapitulate the disease phenotypes of the cell in question, they are useful high-throughput platforms for screening for drugs that can reverse these abnormal phenotypes. Methods: SSc iPSC was generated from PBMC by Sendai virus. Human iPSC lines from SSc patients were differentiated into dermal fibroblasts and keratinocytes. The iPSC-derived differentiated cells from the SSc patients were used on high-throughput platforms to screen for FDA-approved drugs that could be effective treatments for SSc. Results: Skin organoids were generated from these cells exhibited fibrosis that resembled SSc skin. Screening of the 770-FDA-approved drug library showed that the anti-osteoporotic drug raloxifene reduced SSc iPSC-derived fibroblast proliferation and extracellular matrix production and skin fibrosis in organoids and bleomycin-induced SSc-model mice. Conclusions: This study reveals that a disease model of systemic sclerosis generated using iPSCs-derived skin organoid is a novel tool for in vitro and in vivo dermatologic research. Since raloxifene and bazedoxifene are well-tolerated anti-osteoporotic drugs, our findings suggest that selective estrogen receptor modulator (SERM)-class drugs could treat SSc fibrosis.
MeSH term(s)	Animals ; Cells, Cultured ; Fibroblasts/metabolism ; Fibrosis ; Humans ; Leukocytes, Mononuclear/metabolism ; Mice ; Raloxifene Hydrochloride/adverse effects ; Scleroderma, Systemic/genetics ; Selective Estrogen Receptor Modulators/adverse effects ; Skin/pathology ; Skin Diseases/pathology
Chemical Substances	Selective Estrogen Receptor Modulators ; Raloxifene Hydrochloride (4F86W47BR6)
Language	English
Publishing date	2022-07-15
Publishing country	England
Document type	Journal Article ; Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't
ZDB-ID	2548671-8
ISSN	1757-6512 ; 1757-6512
ISSN (online)	1757-6512
ISSN	1757-6512
DOI	10.1186/s13287-022-02987-w
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Article ; Online: The Role of Fibrosis in Osteoarthritis Progression

Yeri Alice Rim / Ji Hyeon Ju

Life, Vol 11, Iss 3, p

2021 Volume 3

Abstract	Osteoarthritis (OA) is a chronic degenerative joint disease where the main characteristics include cartilage degeneration and synovial membrane inflammation. These changes in the knee joint eventually dampen the function of the joint and restrict joint movement, which eventually leads to a stage where total joint replacement is the only treatment option. While much is still unknown about the pathogenesis and progression mechanism of OA, joint fibrosis can be a critical issue for better understanding this disease. Synovial fibrosis and the generation of fibrocartilage are the two main fibrosis-related characteristics that can be found in OA. However, these two processes remain mostly misunderstood. In this review, we focus on the fibrosis process in OA, especially in the cartilage and the synovium tissue, which are the main tissues involved in OA.
Keywords	osteoarthritis ; articular cartilage ; chondrocyte ; synovium ; synoviocyte ; fibrosis ; Science ; Q
Language	English
Publishing date	2021-12-01T00:00:00Z
Publisher	MDPI AG
Document type	Article ; Online
Database	BASE - Bielefeld Academic Search Engine (life sciences selection)

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