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Article ; Online: Opportunities for Integrating Social Science into Research on Dry Forest Restoration

Jennifer S. Powers

Sustainability, Vol 14, Iss 7351, p

A Mini-Review

2022 Volume 7351

Abstract: Seasonally dry tropical forest ecosystems have been greatly reduced in areas through conversions to alternate land uses such as grazing and crop production. The U.N. Decade on Restoration has focused attention on both restoration globally, and also ... ...

Abstract	Seasonally dry tropical forest ecosystems have been greatly reduced in areas through conversions to alternate land uses such as grazing and crop production. The U.N. Decade on Restoration has focused attention on both restoration globally, and also regional attention on tropical dry forests, as they are excellent candidates for regeneration and reforestation. As such, the science of how we restore dry forests is advancing; however, few studies of dry forest restoration include collaborations with social scientists. This is unfortunate, because restoration projects that embrace a people-centered approach have the highest chances of success. Here, I review recent studies that have incorporated aspects of social science and human dimensions into the study and design of dry forest restoration practices. I focus on three key topics that merit a closer integration of restoration research and practice and social science: (1) recognizing that local people are central to project success, (2) cost benefit or effectiveness analyses that evaluate the relative costs of alternative management strategies, and (3) identification of land-use tradeoffs, synergisms and priority mapping. I conclude that closer collaborations among dry forest restoration researchers and a wider group of partners including social scientists, local communities, environmental educators, and geographers will increase the value of restoration research and the likelihood that such projects achieve multiple ecological and societal benefits.
Keywords	social science ; people-centered ; cost effectiveness analysis ; trade-offs ; Environmental effects of industries and plants ; TD194-195 ; Renewable energy sources ; TJ807-830 ; Environmental sciences ; GE1-350
Language	English
Publishing date	2022-06-01T00:00:00Z
Publisher	MDPI AG
Document type	Article ; Online
Database	BASE - Bielefeld Academic Search Engine (life sciences selection)

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Article ; Online: Characterization of

VanOtterloo, Leah M / Macias, Luis A / Powers, Matthew J / Brodbelt, Jennifer S / Trent, M Stephen

mBio

2024 Volume 15, Issue 3, Page(s) e0301323

Abstract: A fundamental feature of Gram-negative bacteria is their outer membrane that protects the cell against environmental stressors. This defense is predominantly due to its asymmetry, with glycerophospholipids located in the inner leaflet and ... ...

Abstract	A fundamental feature of Gram-negative bacteria is their outer membrane that protects the cell against environmental stressors. This defense is predominantly due to its asymmetry, with glycerophospholipids located in the inner leaflet and lipopolysaccharide (LPS) or lipooligosaccharide (LOS) confined to the outer leaflet. LPS consists of a lipid A anchor, a core oligosaccharide, and a distal O-antigen while LOS lacks O-antigen. While LPS/LOS is typically essential for growth, this is not the case for Importance: Acinetobacter baumannii
MeSH term(s)	Lipopolysaccharides/metabolism ; Acinetobacter baumannii/genetics ; O Antigens/metabolism ; Peptidoglycan/metabolism
Chemical Substances	lipid-linked oligosaccharides ; Lipopolysaccharides ; O Antigens ; Peptidoglycan
Language	English
Publishing date	2024-02-13
Publishing country	United States
Document type	Journal Article
ZDB-ID	2557172-2
ISSN	2150-7511 ; 2161-2129
ISSN (online)	2150-7511
ISSN	2161-2129
DOI	10.1128/mbio.03013-23
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Article: Central Role for Glycolysis and Fatty Acids in LH-responsive Progesterone Synthesis.

Przygrodzka, Emilia / Binderwala, Fatema / Powers, Robert / McFee, Renee M / Cupp, Andrea S / Wood, Jennifer R / Davis, John S

bioRxiv : the preprint server for biology

2024

Abstract: Progesterone production by the corpus luteum is fundamental for establishing and maintaining pregnancy. The pituitary gonadotropin luteinizing hormone (LH) is recognized as the primary stimulus for luteal formation and progesterone synthesis, regardless ... ...

Abstract	Progesterone production by the corpus luteum is fundamental for establishing and maintaining pregnancy. The pituitary gonadotropin luteinizing hormone (LH) is recognized as the primary stimulus for luteal formation and progesterone synthesis, regardless of species. Previous studies demonstrated an elevation in abundance of genes related to glucose and lipid metabolism during the follicular to luteal transition. However, the metabolic phenotype of these highly steroidogenic cells has not been studied. Herein, we determined acute metabolic changes induced by LH in primary luteal cells and defined pathways required for progesterone synthesis. Untargeted metabolomics analysis revealed that LH induces rapid changes in vital metabolic pathways, including glycolysis, tricarboxylic acid (TCA) cycle, pentose phosphate pathway, Significance: The establishment and maintenance of pregnancy require a well-developed corpus luteum, an endocrine gland within the ovary that produces progesterone. Although there is increased awareness of intracellular signaling events initiating the massive production of progesterone during the reproductive cycle and pregnancy, there are critical gaps in our knowledge of the metabolic and lipidomic pathways required for initiating and maintaining luteal progesterone synthesis. Here, we describe rapid, hormonally triggered metabolic pathways, and define metabolic targets crucial for progesterone synthesis by ovarian steroidogenic cells. Understanding hormonal control of metabolic pathways may help elucidate approaches for improving ovarian function and successful reproduction or identifying metabolic targets for developing nonhormonal contraceptives.
Language	English
Publishing date	2024-02-14
Publishing country	United States
Document type	Preprint
DOI	10.1101/2024.02.14.580329
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Article ; Online: Neighborhood Poverty Prospectively Predicts PTSD Symptoms Six-Months Following Trauma Exposure.

Ravi, Meghna / Powers, Abigail / Rothbaum, Barbara O / Stevens, Jennifer S / Michopoulos, Vasiliki

Mental health science

2023 Volume 1, Issue 4, Page(s) 213–221

Abstract: Introduction: Individuals living in areas with high rates of poverty are disproportionately affected by posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD). Despite this association, little is known about how neighborhood poverty rates impact risk for PTSD development. ...

Abstract	Introduction: Individuals living in areas with high rates of poverty are disproportionately affected by posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD). Despite this association, little is known about how neighborhood poverty rates impact risk for PTSD development. In the current prospective study, we determined the relationship between neighborhood poverty rate and PTSD symptoms six-months after experiencing a traumatic event in a sample of varied race, gender, and socioeconomic status. Methods: Participants ( Results: Correlation analyses revealed that neighborhood poverty was significantly associated with baseline PTSD symptoms ( Conclusion: Overall, results suggest that neighborhood poverty generally increases PTSD symptom severity, and the context in which an individual lives should be considered when conceptualizing risk for PTSD.
Language	English
Publishing date	2023-08-21
Publishing country	United States
Document type	Journal Article
ISSN	2642-3588
ISSN (online)	2642-3588
DOI	10.1002/mhs2.35
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Article ; Online: Association of Patient Proximity to Dermatologic Care With Melanoma Stage at Diagnosis and Outcome.

Chen, Ailynna / Grubbs, Caitlyn S / Zafar, Faraaz S / Loeffler, Bradley T / Mott, Sarah L / Carrel, Margaret / Powers, Jennifer G

JAMA network open

2023 Volume 6, Issue 1, Page(s) e2252698

MeSH term(s)	Humans ; Melanoma/diagnosis ; Melanoma/therapy ; Skin Neoplasms/diagnosis ; Skin Neoplasms/therapy
Language	English
Publishing date	2023-01-03
Publishing country	United States
Document type	Journal Article ; Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't
ISSN	2574-3805
ISSN (online)	2574-3805
DOI	10.1001/jamanetworkopen.2022.52698
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Article ; Online: Fundamental but underrepresented

Daniela Yaffar / Shalom D. Addo-Danso / Jennifer S. Powers / Ina C. Meier

Frontiers in Forests and Global Change, Vol

root carbon stocks in African montane forests

2023 Volume 6

Abstract: African montane forests harbor some of the greatest biodiversity worldwide, with high levels of species endemism. However, the loss of these forests through fragmentation, deforestation and climate change has been rapidly increasing in recent years. ... ...

Abstract	African montane forests harbor some of the greatest biodiversity worldwide, with high levels of species endemism. However, the loss of these forests through fragmentation, deforestation and climate change has been rapidly increasing in recent years. Montane forests in Africa are more susceptible to changes in climate than their lowland counterparts, yet their ecological value is still underrepresented. These montane forests have recently been highlighted as a major aboveground carbon (C) stock. The estimated 149.4 Mg C ha−1 from aboveground live trees surpasses estimates from the Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change for these endangered forests, and exceeds reported values for neotropical montane and lowland forests by up to 70%. Despite the tremendous implications of these findings, coordinated and available research on the C storage potential of the other share of African montane forest biomass, that is in tree roots, is largely missing. Broadly estimated from the allometry of aboveground C stocks and from root:shoot ratios in lowland forests, more than 60 Mg C ha−1 can be stored in African montane forest roots, about 40% more than previously determined. While this broad estimation points at the potential importance of root C stocks in African montane forests, it also unveils a far-reaching knowledge gap. Here, we advocate for a more quantitative representation of the root C stock from dominant forest tree species of African tropical montane forests and ultimately for a better grasp on tree C stocks from this endangered ecosystem.
Keywords	allocation ; climate change ; elevation ; endangered forests ; root biomass ; tropics ; Forestry ; SD1-669.5 ; Environmental sciences ; GE1-350
Subject code	333
Language	English
Publishing date	2023-11-01T00:00:00Z
Publisher	Frontiers Media S.A.
Document type	Article ; Online
Database	BASE - Bielefeld Academic Search Engine (life sciences selection)

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Article ; Online: Multiscale predictors of small tree survival across a heterogeneous tropical landscape.

Helmer, Eileen H / Kay, Shannon / Marcano-Vega, Humfredo / Powers, Jennifer S / Wood, Tana E / Zhu, Xiaolin / Gwenzi, David / Ruzycki, Thomas S

PloS one

2023 Volume 18, Issue 3, Page(s) e0280322

Abstract: ... Puerto Rico and the U.S. Virgin Islands, and with random forests we ranked 86 potential predictors of small ...

Abstract	Uncertainties about controls on tree mortality make forest responses to land-use and climate change difficult to predict. We tracked biomass of tree functional groups in tropical forest inventories across Puerto Rico and the U.S. Virgin Islands, and with random forests we ranked 86 potential predictors of small tree survival (young or mature stems 2.5-12.6 cm diameter at breast height). Forests span dry to cloud forests, range in age, geology and past land use and experienced severe drought and storms. When excluding species as a predictor, top predictors are tree crown ratio and height, two to three species traits and stand to regional factors reflecting local disturbance and the system state (widespread recovery, drought, hurricanes). Native species, and species with denser wood, taller maximum height, or medium typical height survive longer, but short trees and species survive hurricanes better. Trees survive longer in older stands and with less disturbed canopies, harsher geoclimates (dry, edaphically dry, e.g., serpentine substrates, and highest-elevation cloud forest), or in intervals removed from hurricanes. Satellite image phenology and bands, even from past decades, are top predictors, being sensitive to vegetation type and disturbance. Covariation between stand-level species traits and geoclimate, disturbance and neighboring species types may explain why most neighbor variables, including introduced vs. native species, had low or no importance, despite univariate correlations with survival. As forests recovered from a hurricane in 1998 and earlier deforestation, small trees of introduced species, which on average have lighter wood, died at twice the rate of natives. After hurricanes in 2017, the total biomass of trees ≥12.7 cm dbh of the introduced species Spathodea campanulata spiked, suggesting that more frequent hurricanes might perpetuate this light-wooded species commonness. If hurricane recovery favors light-wooded species while drought favors others, climate change influences on forest composition and ecosystem services may depend on the frequency and severity of extreme climate events.
MeSH term(s)	Ecosystem ; Biomass ; Wood ; Introduced Species ; Cyclonic Storms ; Tropical Climate
Language	English
Publishing date	2023-03-15
Publishing country	United States
Document type	Journal Article ; Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't ; Research Support, U.S. Gov't, Non-P.H.S.
ZDB-ID	2267670-3
ISSN	1932-6203 ; 1932-6203
ISSN (online)	1932-6203
ISSN	1932-6203
DOI	10.1371/journal.pone.0280322
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Article ; Online: Climate and hydraulic traits interact to set thresholds for liana viability.

Willson, Alyssa M / Trugman, Anna T / Powers, Jennifer S / Smith-Martin, Chris M / Medvigy, David

Nature communications

2022 Volume 13, Issue 1, Page(s) 3332

Abstract: Lianas, or woody vines, and trees dominate the canopy of tropical forests and comprise the majority of tropical aboveground carbon storage. These growth forms respond differently to contemporary variation in climate and resource availability, but their ... ...

Abstract	Lianas, or woody vines, and trees dominate the canopy of tropical forests and comprise the majority of tropical aboveground carbon storage. These growth forms respond differently to contemporary variation in climate and resource availability, but their responses to future climate change are poorly understood because there are very few predictive ecosystem models representing lianas. We compile a database of liana functional traits (846 species) and use it to parameterize a mechanistic model of liana-tree competition. The substantial difference between liana and tree hydraulic conductivity represents a critical source of inter-growth form variation. Here, we show that lianas are many times more sensitive to drying atmospheric conditions than trees as a result of this trait difference. Further, we use our competition model and projections of tropical hydroclimate based on Representative Concentration Pathway 4.5 to show that lianas are more susceptible to reaching a hydraulic threshold for viability by 2100.
MeSH term(s)	Ecosystem ; Forests ; Plants ; Trees ; Tropical Climate
Language	English
Publishing date	2022-06-09
Publishing country	England
Document type	Journal Article ; Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't ; Research Support, U.S. Gov't, Non-P.H.S.
ZDB-ID	2553671-0
ISSN	2041-1723 ; 2041-1723
ISSN (online)	2041-1723
ISSN	2041-1723
DOI	10.1038/s41467-022-30993-2
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Article ; Online: Implementation of a Multicomponent Otago-Based Virtual Fall Reduction, Education, and Exercise Program (MOVing FREEly) in Older Veterans.

Ritchey, Katherine C / Olney, Amanda / Chen, Sunny / Martinez, Erica / Paulsen, Michelle R / Tunoa, Jennifer / Powers, James S

Geriatrics (Basel, Switzerland)

2023 Volume 8, Issue 6

Abstract: ... efficacy scale-international (FES-I) short form, and had statistically significant improvement in 30 s sit ...

Abstract	Purpose: The COVID-19 pandemic limited access to community fall prevention programs, thus establishing the need for virtual interventions. Herein, we describe the feasibility, effectiveness, and acceptability of a virtual, multicomponent fall prevention program (MOVing FREEly). Methods: A team of clinical falls prevention experts developed a six-week multicomponent fall prevention exercise and education class for older community-dwelling adults at risk of falling. Feasibility was measured through class attendance; effectiveness was measured through changes in performance measures, self-report of falling risk, and concern about falling; acceptability was assessed through questionnaires completed immediately upon program completion and at a three-month follow up. Results: A total of 32 patients participated in the MOVing FREEly program. Attendance for education and exercise classes on average was greater than 80% with little attrition. Patient reported reduced concern of falling, improvement in the falls efficacy scale-international (FES-I) short form, and had statistically significant improvement in 30 s sit-to-stand and single-leg balance tests. The program was well received by participants, saving them significant time and costs of travel. Conclusions: A virtual, multicomponent fall prevention program is feasible and acceptable and effective as reducing falling risk. Future studies can explore the ability of this program to reduce falling incident and injury.
Language	English
Publishing date	2023-11-28
Publishing country	Switzerland
Document type	Journal Article
ISSN	2308-3417
ISSN (online)	2308-3417
DOI	10.3390/geriatrics8060115
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Article ; Online: Indirect effect of race-related stress on traumatic stress and depression symptoms via subjective social status in a Black community sample.

Obenauf, Caterina / Mekawi, Yara / Lathan, Emma C / Hinojosa, Cecilia A / Thomas, Joel G / Stevens, Jennifer S / Powers, Abigail / Michopoulos, Vasiliki / Carter, Sierra

American journal of community psychology

2023 Volume 72, Issue 1-2, Page(s) 116–126

Abstract: Experiencing racism is linked to lower subjective social status (SSS), defined as one's perception of their position in society. SSS is influenced by power, prestige, and objective socioeconomic status (SES). Previous findings suggest that race-related ... ...

Abstract	Experiencing racism is linked to lower subjective social status (SSS), defined as one's perception of their position in society. SSS is influenced by power, prestige, and objective socioeconomic status (SES). Previous findings suggest that race-related stress may be related to adverse mental health outcomes through SSS in Black Americans, a population that has been deeply affected by continuing legacies of oppression. The current study examines the indirect association between race-related stress and posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD) and depression symptoms through SSS in a community sample of largely trauma-exposed Black Americans (N = 173). Hierarchical regression analyses indicated that overall race-related stress significantly predicted lower SSS, higher PTSD symptoms, and higher depression symptoms. Analyses also revealed indirect effects of cultural race-related stress on PTSD and depression symptoms through SSS after controlling for SES. Results suggest that the experience of race-related stress, particularly cultural race-related stress, which involves the degradation and disparagement of one's culture and worldview, is associated with more severe PTSD and depression symptoms potentially due to these experiences decreasing Black Americans' SSS. Findings support the need for systemic intervention strategies to disrupt the cultural oppression of Black Americans and improve the societal value and mental health of this population.
MeSH term(s)	Humans ; Black or African American ; Depression/epidemiology ; Racism ; Social Class ; Social Status ; Stress Disorders, Post-Traumatic/epidemiology ; Stress, Psychological/epidemiology ; Psychological Trauma/epidemiology
Language	English
Publishing date	2023-07-11
Publishing country	England
Document type	Journal Article
ZDB-ID	222658-3
ISSN	1573-2770 ; 0091-0562
ISSN (online)	1573-2770
ISSN	0091-0562
DOI	10.1002/ajcp.12693
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