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  1. Article ; Online: Pertinence of Streptococcus anginosus group in intracerebral abscesses in the era of extended antibiotic resistance.

    Kavya, S / Arvinda, H R / Veenakumari, H B / PrabuRaj, A R / Smitha, N R / Jyothi, Diwakar / Dwarakanath, Srinivas / Nagarathna, S

    Indian journal of medical microbiology

    2023  Volume 45, Page(s) 100395

    Abstract: Aims: • To study the incidence of Streptococcus anginosus group (SAG) in pyogenic or community acquired intra cerebral abscess. • To understand the risk factors for the same. • To analyze the specific radiological features and clinical outcome after ... ...

    Abstract Aims: • To study the incidence of Streptococcus anginosus group (SAG) in pyogenic or community acquired intra cerebral abscess. • To understand the risk factors for the same. • To analyze the specific radiological features and clinical outcome after surgery and antibiotic therapy.
    Methods: This is a retrospective observational study of case series over a period of one year. Patients diagnosed with intracerebral abscess were included in the study. Pus collected from were received in the laboratory and processed according to the standard protocols. Data regarding the clinical findings and demographics were collected from medical records.
    Findings: A total of 202 samples were studied. 103 were found to be pyogenic. SAG were isolated from 21 samples (20.38%) and all the isolates were sensitive to Penicillin. Age of the patients ranged from 18months to 68years. Male preponderance was noted with male to female ratio of 4:1. Otogenic infections were the most common predisposing factors and focus of infection could not be ascertained in 5 patients. All patients were treated with surgical intervention and antibiotics (Vancomycin, Amikacin and Metronidazole) for 6 weeks and recovery was remarkable. One patient succumbed to the illness.
    Conclusion: SAG can be an aggressive pathogen with propensity for abscess formation. Chronic Suppurative Otitis Media (CSOM) is still a major cause of intracerebral abscess in developing country like India which is a benign and curable disease and should not be neglected. Injudicious use of antibiotics and negligence regarding the dose and duration of therapy from both patients and health care providers is the major cause for common infections to become more difficult to treat and succumbing to complications.
    MeSH term(s) Humans ; Male ; Female ; Adolescent ; Abscess ; Streptococcus anginosus ; Otitis Media, Suppurative/complications ; Retrospective Studies ; Anti-Bacterial Agents/therapeutic use ; Drug Resistance, Microbial
    Chemical Substances Anti-Bacterial Agents
    Language English
    Publishing date 2023-06-09
    Publishing country United States
    Document type Observational Study ; Journal Article
    ZDB-ID 1038798-5
    ISSN 1998-3646 ; 0255-0857
    ISSN (online) 1998-3646
    ISSN 0255-0857
    DOI 10.1016/j.ijmmb.2023.100395
    Database MEDical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System OnLINE

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  2. Article ; Online: A Novel Intelligent Hybrid Optimized Analytics and Streaming Engine for Medical Big Data.

    Thilagaraj, M / Dwarakanath, B / Pandimurugan, V / Naveen, P / Hema, M S / Hariharasitaraman, S / Arunkumar, N / Govindan, Petchinathan

    publication RETRACTED

    Computational and mathematical methods in medicine

    2022  Volume 2022, Page(s) 7120983

    Abstract: Medical data processing is exponentially increasing day by day due to the frequent demand for many applications. Healthcare data is one such field, which is dynamically growing day by day. In today's scenario, an enormous amount of sensing devices and ... ...

    Abstract Medical data processing is exponentially increasing day by day due to the frequent demand for many applications. Healthcare data is one such field, which is dynamically growing day by day. In today's scenario, an enormous amount of sensing devices and data collection units have been employed to generate and collect medical data all over the world. These healthcare devices will result in big real-time data streams. Hence, healthcare-based big data analytics and monitoring have gained hawk-eye importance but needs improvisation. Recently, machine and deep learning algorithms have gained importance to analyze huge amounts of medical data, extract the information, and even predict the future insights of diseases and also cope with the huge volume of data. But applying the learning models to handle big/medical data streams remains to be a challenge among the researchers. This paper proposes the novel deep learning electronic record search engine algorithm (ERSEA) along with firefly optimized long short-term memory (LSTM) model for better data analytics and monitoring. The experimentations have been carried out using Apache Spark using the different medical respiratory data. Finally, the proposed framework results are contrasted with existing models. It shows the accuracy, sensitivity, and specificity like 94%, 93.5%, and 94% for less than 5 GB dataset, and also, more than 5 GB it provides 94%, 92%, and 93% to prove the extraordinary performance of the proposed framework.
    MeSH term(s) Algorithms ; Big Data ; Delivery of Health Care ; Forecasting ; Humans
    Language English
    Publishing date 2022-03-17
    Publishing country United States
    Document type Journal Article ; Retracted Publication
    ZDB-ID 2252430-7
    ISSN 1748-6718 ; 1748-670X ; 1027-3662
    ISSN (online) 1748-6718
    ISSN 1748-670X ; 1027-3662
    DOI 10.1155/2022/7120983
    Database MEDical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System OnLINE

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  3. Article ; Online: A Novel Feature Selection with Hybrid Deep Learning Based Heart Disease Detection and Classification in the e-Healthcare Environment.

    B, Dwarakanath / M, Latha / R, Annamalai / Kallimani, Jagadish S / Walia, Ranjan / Belete, Birhanu

    Computational intelligence and neuroscience

    2022  Volume 2022, Page(s) 1167494

    Abstract: With the advancements in data mining, wearables, and cloud computing, online disease diagnosis services have been widely employed in the e-healthcare environment and improved the quality of the services. The e-healthcare services help to reduce the death ...

    Abstract With the advancements in data mining, wearables, and cloud computing, online disease diagnosis services have been widely employed in the e-healthcare environment and improved the quality of the services. The e-healthcare services help to reduce the death rate by the earlier identification of the diseases. Simultaneously, heart disease (HD) is a deadly disorder, and patient survival depends on early diagnosis of HD. Early HD diagnosis and categorization play a key role in the analysis of clinical data. In the context of e-healthcare, we provide a novel feature selection with hybrid deep learning-based heart disease detection and classification (FSHDL-HDDC) model. The two primary preprocessing processes of the FSHDL-HDDC approach are data normalisation and the replacement of missing values. The FSHDL-HDDC method also necessitates the development of a feature selection method based on the elite opposition-based squirrel searchalgorithm (EO-SSA) in order to determine the optimal subset of features. Moreover, an attention-based convolutional neural network (ACNN) with long short-term memory (LSTM), called (ACNN-LSTM) model, is utilized for the detection of HD by using medical data. An extensive experimental study is performed to ensure the improved classification performance of the FSHDL-HDDC technique. A detailed comparison study reported the betterment of the FSHDL-HDDC method on existing techniques interms of different performance measures. The suggested system, the FSHDL-HDDC, has reached its maximum level of accuracy, which is 0.9772.
    MeSH term(s) Cloud Computing ; Deep Learning ; Heart Diseases/diagnosis ; Humans ; Neural Networks, Computer ; Telemedicine
    Language English
    Publishing date 2022-09-28
    Publishing country United States
    Document type Journal Article
    ZDB-ID 2388208-6
    ISSN 1687-5273 ; 1687-5273
    ISSN (online) 1687-5273
    ISSN 1687-5273
    DOI 10.1155/2022/1167494
    Database MEDical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System OnLINE

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  4. Article ; Online: Cytotoxicity, radiosensitization, and chemosensitization of tumor cells by 2-deoxy-D-glucose in vitro.

    Dwarakanath, B S

    Journal of cancer research and therapeutics

    2009  Volume 5 Suppl 1, Page(s) S27–31

    Abstract: The glucose analog 2-deoxy-D-glucose (2-DG), an inhibitor of glucose transport and glycolytic ATP production, is the most widely investigated metabolic inhibitor for targeting glucose metabolism. Besides depleting energy in cells, 2-DG has also been ... ...

    Abstract The glucose analog 2-deoxy-D-glucose (2-DG), an inhibitor of glucose transport and glycolytic ATP production, is the most widely investigated metabolic inhibitor for targeting glucose metabolism. Besides depleting energy in cells, 2-DG has also been found to alter N-linked glycosylation leading to unfolded protein responses and induce changes in gene expression and phosphorylation status of proteins involved in signaling, cell cycle control, DNA repair, calcium influx, and apoptosis. Inhibition of cell proliferation and induction of apoptosis have been observed as cytotoxic effects in a wide variety of tumor cells in vitro, while sensitization of tumor cells to ionizing radiation and certain chemotherapeutic drugs is associated with enhanced mitotic as well as apoptotic cell death induced by the primary therapeutic agent. Therefore, there has been a considerable amount of interest in developing 2-DG as a therapeutic agent or adjuvant in the radiotherapy and chemotherapy of tumors.
    MeSH term(s) Animals ; Antineoplastic Agents/pharmacology ; Deoxyglucose/pharmacology ; Humans ; In Vitro Techniques ; Neoplasms/metabolism ; Radiation Tolerance/physiology ; Radiation-Sensitizing Agents/pharmacology ; Radiotherapy
    Chemical Substances Antineoplastic Agents ; Radiation-Sensitizing Agents ; Deoxyglucose (9G2MP84A8W)
    Language English
    Publishing date 2009-09
    Publishing country India
    Document type Journal Article ; Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't ; Review
    ZDB-ID 2187633-2
    ISSN 1998-4138 ; 0973-1482
    ISSN (online) 1998-4138
    ISSN 0973-1482
    DOI 10.4103/0973-1482.55137
    Database MEDical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System OnLINE

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  5. Article ; Online: Eye Movement Signal Classification for Developing Human-Computer Interface Using Electrooculogram.

    Thilagaraj, M / Dwarakanath, B / Ramkumar, S / Karthikeyan, K / Prabhu, A / Saravanakumar, Gurusamy / Rajasekaran, M Pallikonda / Arunkumar, N

    Journal of healthcare engineering

    2021  Volume 2021, Page(s) 7901310

    Abstract: Human-computer interfaces (HCI) allow people to control electronic devices, such as computers, mouses, wheelchairs, and keyboards, by bypassing the biochannel without using motor nervous system signals. These signals permit communication between people ... ...

    Abstract Human-computer interfaces (HCI) allow people to control electronic devices, such as computers, mouses, wheelchairs, and keyboards, by bypassing the biochannel without using motor nervous system signals. These signals permit communication between people and electronic-controllable devices. This communication is due to HCI, which facilitates lives of paralyzed patients who do not have any problems with their cognitive functioning. The major plan of this study is to test out the feasibility of nine states of HCI by using modern techniques to overcome the problem faced by the paralyzed. Analog Digital Instrument T26 with a five-electrode system was used in this method. Voluntarily twenty subjects participated in this study. The extracted signals were preprocessed by applying notch filter with a range of 50 Hz to remove the external interferences; the features were extracted by applying convolution theorem. Afterwards, extracted features were classified using Elman and distributed time delay neural network. Average classification accuracy with 90.82% and 90.56% was achieved using two network models. The accuracy of the classifier was analyzed by single-trial analysis and performances of the classifier were observed using bit transfer rate (BTR) for twenty subjects to check the feasibility of designing the HCI. The achieved results showed that the ERNN model has a greater potential to classify, identify, and recognize the EOG signal compared with distributed time delay network for most of the subjects. The control signal generated by classifiers was applied as control signals to navigate the assistive devices such as mouse, keyboard, and wheelchair activities for disabled people.
    MeSH term(s) Algorithms ; Computers ; Electroencephalography ; Electrooculography/methods ; Eye Movements ; Humans ; Self-Help Devices ; Signal Processing, Computer-Assisted ; User-Computer Interface
    Language English
    Publishing date 2021-12-08
    Publishing country England
    Document type Journal Article
    ZDB-ID 2545054-2
    ISSN 2040-2309 ; 2040-2295
    ISSN (online) 2040-2309
    ISSN 2040-2295
    DOI 10.1155/2021/7901310
    Database MEDical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System OnLINE

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  6. Article ; Online: Radiosensitization of calreticulin-overexpressing human glioma cell line by the polyphenolic acetate 7, 8-diacetoxy-4-methylcoumarin.

    Verma, Amit / Arora, Aastha / Bhatt, Anant N / Arya, Mohan B / Prasad, Ashok K / Parmar, Virinder S / Dwarakanath, Bilikere S

    Cancer reports (Hoboken, N.J.)

    2021  Volume 5, Issue 12, Page(s) e1326

    Abstract: Background: Calreticulin (CRT), an endoplasmic reticulum-resident protein generally overexpressed in cancer cells, is associated with radiation resistance. CRT shows higher transacetylase activity, as shown by us earlier, in the presence of the ... ...

    Abstract Background: Calreticulin (CRT), an endoplasmic reticulum-resident protein generally overexpressed in cancer cells, is associated with radiation resistance. CRT shows higher transacetylase activity, as shown by us earlier, in the presence of the polyphenolic acetates (like 7, 8-diacetoxy-4-methylcoumarin, DAMC) and modifies the activity of a number of proteins, thereby influencing cell signaling.
    Aim: To investigate the relationship between CRT expression and radiation response in a human glioma cell line and to evaluate the radiomodifying effects of DAMC.
    Methods and results: Studies were carried out in an established human glioma cell line (BMG-1) and its isogenic clone overexpressing CRT (CROE, CRT-overexpressing cells) by analyzing clonogenic survival, cell proliferation, micronuclei analysis, and protein levels by Western blotting as parameters of responses. CRT overexpression conferred resistance against radiation-induced cell death in CROE cells (D
    Conclusion: CRT overexpression confers resistance against radiation-induced death of human glioma cells, which can be overcome by the polyphenolic acetate DAMC.
    MeSH term(s) Humans ; Acetates/pharmacology ; Calreticulin/genetics ; Calreticulin/metabolism ; Cell Line ; Glioma/drug therapy ; Glioma/metabolism ; Polyphenols/pharmacology ; Coumarins/pharmacology ; Radiation-Sensitizing Agents/pharmacology ; Radiation Tolerance/drug effects
    Chemical Substances Acetates ; Calreticulin ; Polyphenols ; 7,8-diacetoxy-4-methylcoumarin ; Coumarins ; Radiation-Sensitizing Agents
    Language English
    Publishing date 2021-09-02
    Publishing country United States
    Document type Journal Article ; Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't
    ISSN 2573-8348
    ISSN (online) 2573-8348
    DOI 10.1002/cnr2.1326
    Database MEDical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System OnLINE

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  7. Article ; Online: Decoding rapidly presented visual stimuli from prefrontal ensembles without report nor post-perceptual processing.

    Bellet, Joachim / Gay, Marion / Dwarakanath, Abhilash / Jarraya, Bechir / van Kerkoerle, Timo / Dehaene, Stanislas / Panagiotaropoulos, Theofanis I

    Neuroscience of consciousness

    2022  Volume 2022, Issue 1, Page(s) niac005

    Abstract: The role of the primate prefrontal cortex (PFC) in conscious perception is debated. The global neuronal workspace theory of consciousness predicts that PFC neurons should contain a detailed code of the current conscious contents. Previous research showed ...

    Abstract The role of the primate prefrontal cortex (PFC) in conscious perception is debated. The global neuronal workspace theory of consciousness predicts that PFC neurons should contain a detailed code of the current conscious contents. Previous research showed that PFC is indeed activated in paradigms of conscious visual perception, including no-report paradigms where no voluntary behavioral report of the percept is given, thus avoiding a conflation of signals related to visual consciousness with signals related to the report. Still, it has been argued that prefrontal modulation could reflect post-perceptual processes that may be present even in the absence of report, such as thinking about the perceived stimulus, therefore reflecting a consequence rather than a direct correlate of conscious experience. Here, we investigate these issues by recording neuronal ensemble activity from the macaque ventrolateral PFC during briefly presented visual stimuli, either in isolated trials in which stimuli were clearly perceived or in sequences of rapid serial visual presentation (RSVP) in which perception and post-perceptual processing were challenged. We report that the identity of each stimulus could be decoded from PFC population activity even in the RSVP condition. The first visual signals could be detected at 60 ms after stimulus onset and information was maximal at 150 ms. However, in the RSVP condition, 200 ms after the onset of a stimulus, the decoding accuracy quickly dropped to chance level and the next stimulus started to be decodable. Interestingly, decoding in the ventrolateral PFC was stronger compared to posterior parietal cortex for both isolated and RSVP stimuli. These results indicate that neuronal populations in the macaque PFC reliably encode visual stimuli even under conditions that have been shown to challenge conscious perception and/or substantially reduce the probability of post-perceptual processing in humans. We discuss whether the observed activation reflects conscious access, phenomenal consciousness, or merely a preconscious bottom-up wave.
    Language English
    Publishing date 2022-02-24
    Publishing country England
    Document type Journal Article
    ZDB-ID 2815642-0
    ISSN 2057-2107 ; 2057-2107
    ISSN (online) 2057-2107
    ISSN 2057-2107
    DOI 10.1093/nc/niac005
    Database MEDical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System OnLINE

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  8. Article: The Role of Notch, Hedgehog, and Wnt Signaling Pathways in the Resistance of Tumors to Anticancer Therapies.

    Kumar, Vivek / Vashishta, Mohit / Kong, Lin / Wu, Xiaodong / Lu, Jiade J / Guha, Chandan / Dwarakanath, B S

    Frontiers in cell and developmental biology

    2021  Volume 9, Page(s) 650772

    Abstract: Resistance to therapy is the major hurdle in the current cancer management. Cancer cells often rewire their cellular process to alternate mechanisms to resist the deleterious effect mounted by different therapeutic approaches. The major signaling ... ...

    Abstract Resistance to therapy is the major hurdle in the current cancer management. Cancer cells often rewire their cellular process to alternate mechanisms to resist the deleterious effect mounted by different therapeutic approaches. The major signaling pathways involved in the developmental process, such as Notch, Hedgehog, and Wnt, play a vital role in development, tumorigenesis, and also in the resistance to the various anticancer therapies. Understanding how cancer utilizes these developmental pathways in acquiring the resistance to the multi-therapeutic approach cancer can give rise to a new insight of the anti-therapy resistance mechanisms, which can be explored for the development of a novel therapeutic approach. We present a brief overview of Notch, Hedgehog, and Wnt signaling pathways in cancer and its role in providing resistance to various cancer treatment modalities such as chemotherapy, radiotherapy, molecular targeted therapy, and immunotherapy. Understanding the importance of these molecular networks will provide a rational basis for novel and safer combined anticancer therapeutic approaches for the improvement of cancer treatment by overcoming drug resistance.
    Language English
    Publishing date 2021-04-22
    Publishing country Switzerland
    Document type Journal Article ; Review
    ZDB-ID 2737824-X
    ISSN 2296-634X
    ISSN 2296-634X
    DOI 10.3389/fcell.2021.650772
    Database MEDical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System OnLINE

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  9. Article ; Online: A Novel Intelligent Hybrid Optimized Analytics and Streaming Engine for Medical Big Data

    M. Thilagaraj / B. Dwarakanath / V. Pandimurugan / P. Naveen / M. S. Hema / S. Hariharasitaraman / N. Arunkumar / Petchinathan Govindan

    Computational and Mathematical Methods in Medicine, Vol

    2022  Volume 2022

    Abstract: ... for many applications. Healthcare data is one such field, which is dynamically growing day by day. In today’s scenario ...

    Abstract Medical data processing is exponentially increasing day by day due to the frequent demand for many applications. Healthcare data is one such field, which is dynamically growing day by day. In today’s scenario, an enormous amount of sensing devices and data collection units have been employed to generate and collect medical data all over the world. These healthcare devices will result in big real-time data streams. Hence, healthcare-based big data analytics and monitoring have gained hawk-eye importance but needs improvisation. Recently, machine and deep learning algorithms have gained importance to analyze huge amounts of medical data, extract the information, and even predict the future insights of diseases and also cope with the huge volume of data. But applying the learning models to handle big/medical data streams remains to be a challenge among the researchers. This paper proposes the novel deep learning electronic record search engine algorithm (ERSEA) along with firefly optimized long short-term memory (LSTM) model for better data analytics and monitoring. The experimentations have been carried out using Apache Spark using the different medical respiratory data. Finally, the proposed framework results are contrasted with existing models. It shows the accuracy, sensitivity, and specificity like 94%, 93.5%, and 94% for less than 5 GB dataset, and also, more than 5 GB it provides 94%, 92%, and 93% to prove the extraordinary performance of the proposed framework.
    Keywords Computer applications to medicine. Medical informatics ; R858-859.7
    Subject code 006
    Language English
    Publishing date 2022-01-01T00:00:00Z
    Publisher Hindawi Limited
    Document type Article ; Online
    Database BASE - Bielefeld Academic Search Engine (life sciences selection)

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  10. Article ; Online: Radiation induces EIF2AK3/PERK and ERN1/IRE1 mediated pro-survival autophagy.

    Chaurasia, Madhuri / Gupta, Swapnil / Das, Asmita / Dwarakanath, B S / Simonsen, Anne / Sharma, Kulbhushan

    Autophagy

    2019  Volume 15, Issue 8, Page(s) 1391–1406

    Abstract: Cellular effects of ionizing radiation include oxidative damage to macromolecules, unfolded protein response (UPR) and metabolic imbalances. Oxidative stress and UPR have been shown to induce macroautophagy/autophagy in a context-dependent manner and are ...

    Abstract Cellular effects of ionizing radiation include oxidative damage to macromolecules, unfolded protein response (UPR) and metabolic imbalances. Oxidative stress and UPR have been shown to induce macroautophagy/autophagy in a context-dependent manner and are crucial factors in determining the fate of irradiated cells. However, an in-depth analysis of the relationship between radiation-induced damage and autophagy has not been explored. In the present study, we investigated the relationship between radiation-induced oxidative stress, UPR and autophagy in murine macrophage cells. A close association was observed between radiation-induced oxidative burst, UPR and induction of autophagy, with the possible involvement of EIF2AK3/PERK (eukaryotic translation initiation factor 2 alpha kinase 3) and ERN1/IRE1 (endoplasmic reticulum [ER] to nucleus signaling 1). Inhibitors of either UPR or autophagy reduced the cell survival indicating the importance of these processes after radiation exposure. Moreover, modulation of autophagy affected lethality in the whole body irradiated
    MeSH term(s) Animals ; Apoptosis/radiation effects ; Autophagy/radiation effects ; Cell Survival ; Endoplasmic Reticulum Stress/radiation effects ; Endoribonucleases/metabolism ; Female ; Mice ; Mice, Inbred C57BL ; Oxidative Stress/radiation effects ; Protein Serine-Threonine Kinases/metabolism ; RAW 264.7 Cells ; Radiation, Ionizing ; Reactive Oxygen Species/metabolism ; Unfolded Protein Response/radiation effects ; eIF-2 Kinase/metabolism
    Chemical Substances Reactive Oxygen Species ; Ern1 protein, mouse (EC 2.7.11.1) ; PERK kinase (EC 2.7.11.1) ; Protein Serine-Threonine Kinases (EC 2.7.11.1) ; eIF-2 Kinase (EC 2.7.11.1) ; Endoribonucleases (EC 3.1.-)
    Language English
    Publishing date 2019-03-20
    Publishing country United States
    Document type Journal Article ; Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't
    ZDB-ID 2454135-7
    ISSN 1554-8635 ; 1554-8627
    ISSN (online) 1554-8635
    ISSN 1554-8627
    DOI 10.1080/15548627.2019.1582973
    Database MEDical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System OnLINE

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