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  1. Article: Correlative cryo-microscopy pipelines for in situ cellular studies.

    Pepe, Anna / Groen, Johannes / Zurzolo, Chiara / Sartori-Rupp, Anna

    Methods in cell biology

    2024  Volume 187, Page(s) 175–203

    Abstract: Correlative cryo-microscopy pipelines combining light and electron microscopy and tomography in cryogenic conditions (cryoCLEM) on the same sample are powerful methods for investigating the structure of specific cellular targets identified by a ... ...

    Abstract Correlative cryo-microscopy pipelines combining light and electron microscopy and tomography in cryogenic conditions (cryoCLEM) on the same sample are powerful methods for investigating the structure of specific cellular targets identified by a fluorescent tag within their unperturbed cellular environment. CryoCLEM approaches circumvent one of the inherent limitations of cryo EM, and specifically cryo electron tomography (cryoET), of identifying the imaged structures in the crowded 3D environment of cells. Whereas several cryoCLEM approaches are based on thinning the sample by cryo FIB milling, here we present detailed protocols of two alternative cryoCLEM approaches for in situ studies of adherent cells at the single-cell level without the need for such cryo-thinning. The first approach is a complete cryogenic pipeline in which both fluorescence and electronic imaging are performed on frozen-hydrated samples, the second is a hybrid cryoCLEM approach in which fluorescence imaging is performed at room temperature, followed by rapid freezing and subsequent cryoEM imaging. We provide a detailed description of the two methods we have employed for imaging fluorescently labeled cellular structures with thickness below 350-500nm, such as cell protrusions and organelles located in the peripheral areas of the cells.
    MeSH term(s) Cryoelectron Microscopy/methods ; Humans ; Electron Microscope Tomography/methods ; Microscopy, Fluorescence/methods ; Imaging, Three-Dimensional/methods ; Single-Cell Analysis/methods ; Animals
    Language English
    Publishing date 2024-03-27
    Publishing country United States
    Document type Journal Article ; Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't
    ISSN 0091-679X
    ISSN 0091-679X
    DOI 10.1016/bs.mcb.2024.02.038
    Database MEDical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System OnLINE

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  2. Article ; Online: Multifocal contact lens success predictability.

    Lazon de la Jara, Percy / Sulley, Anna / Pepe, Pasquale / Walsh, Karen / Guillon, Michel

    Contact lens & anterior eye : the journal of the British Contact Lens Association

    2024  Volume 47, Issue 2, Page(s) 102105

    Abstract: Purpose: The current multi-study analysis combined data from three studies to quantify the relationship between the initial reaction to soft multifocal contact lens (MFCL) design types at dispensing and evaluate the predictability of overall vision ... ...

    Abstract Purpose: The current multi-study analysis combined data from three studies to quantify the relationship between the initial reaction to soft multifocal contact lens (MFCL) design types at dispensing and evaluate the predictability of overall vision satisfaction (OVS) and intention to purchase (ITP) after 1 week of wear.
    Method: Three prospective studies tested MFCLs over 1-week of wear following the same protocol, using a range of potentially predictive ratings at dispensing, and both OVS and ITP at 1-week as an indicator acceptance level. In each study, two of MyDay® multifocal, clariti® 1 day multifocal, Biofinity® multifocal (worn as a daily disposable lens) or 1 DAY ACUVUE® MOIST MULTIFOCAL were dispensed for 1-week of daily wear. OVS was recorded on a 100-point VAS and ITP on a 5-point LIKERT scale. Fourteen possible predictors were entered in the statistical model, and predictability was assessed using Chi-square Automatic Interaction Detector (CHAID) statistical test.
    Results: A total of 210 participants (152 female & 58 male; 53.9 ± 6.5 years, range 41-71 years), representing 420 MFCL fits, equally distributed between emergent n = 65, established n = 70 and advanced n = 75 presbyopes, completed the studies. OVS on dispensing was the predictor of both OVS (p < 0.001) and ITP (p < 0.001) at 1-week. For OVS predictability, 70.8 % with OVS at dispensing > 91 points reported good OVS at 1-week and 73.4 % with OVS on dispensing ≤ 80 points reported poor OVS at 1-week. For ITP predictability, 74.6 % with OVS at dispensing > 94 points reported a positive ITP at 1-week and 65.9 % with OVS on dispensing ≤ 63 points reported negative ITP at 1-week.
    Conclusion: Overall vision satisfaction at the time of dispensing MFCLs is a powerful indicator of both OVS and ITP after 1-week of wear. Initial patient subjective assessments provide a clinically useful indicator of the likeliness of success.
    MeSH term(s) Humans ; Male ; Female ; Visual Acuity ; Prospective Studies ; Vision, Ocular ; Contact Lenses, Hydrophilic ; Presbyopia
    Language English
    Publishing date 2024-01-11
    Publishing country England
    Document type Journal Article
    ZDB-ID 2004847-6
    ISSN 1476-5411 ; 1367-0484
    ISSN (online) 1476-5411
    ISSN 1367-0484
    DOI 10.1016/j.clae.2023.102105
    Database MEDical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System OnLINE

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  3. Article ; Online: Critical illness-related corticosteroid insufficiency (CIRCI) in paediatric patients: a diagnostic and therapeutic challenge.

    Morabito, Letteria Anna / Corica, Domenico / Pepe, Giorgia / Li Pomi, Alessandra / Aversa, Tommaso / Wasniewska, Malgorzata Gabriela

    Italian journal of pediatrics

    2024  Volume 50, Issue 1, Page(s) 46

    Abstract: Critical illness-related corticosteroid insufficiency or CIRCI is characterized by acute and life-threatening disfunction of hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenal (HPA) axis observed among intensive care unit- staying patients.It is associated with increased ... ...

    Abstract Critical illness-related corticosteroid insufficiency or CIRCI is characterized by acute and life-threatening disfunction of hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenal (HPA) axis observed among intensive care unit- staying patients.It is associated with increased circulating levels of biological markers of inflammation and coagulation, morbidity, length of ICU stay, and mortality.Several mechanisms are involved in CIRCI pathogenesis: reduced CRH-stimulated ACTH release, peripheral resistance to glucocorticoids, altered cortisol synthesis, impaired cortisol-free fraction and bioavailability.Diagnostic and therapeutic management of this condition in children is still debated, probably because of the lack of agreement among intensive care specialists and endocrinologists regarding diagnostic criteria and prevalence of CIRCI in paediatric age.In the present narrative review, we focused on definition of CIRCI in paediatric age and we advise on how to diagnose and treat this poorly understood condition, based on current literature data.
    MeSH term(s) Humans ; Child ; Adrenal Insufficiency/diagnosis ; Adrenal Insufficiency/drug therapy ; Critical Illness/therapy ; Adrenal Cortex Hormones/therapeutic use ; Hydrocortisone/therapeutic use ; Glucocorticoids/therapeutic use
    Chemical Substances Adrenal Cortex Hormones ; Hydrocortisone (WI4X0X7BPJ) ; Glucocorticoids
    Language English
    Publishing date 2024-03-11
    Publishing country England
    Document type Journal Article ; Review
    ZDB-ID 2088556-8
    ISSN 1824-7288 ; 1720-8424
    ISSN (online) 1824-7288
    ISSN 1720-8424
    DOI 10.1186/s13052-024-01616-x
    Database MEDical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System OnLINE

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  4. Article: Time to act on childhood obesity: the use of technology.

    Porri, Debora / Morabito, Letteria Anna / Cavallaro, Paola / La Rosa, Elisa / Li Pomi, Alessandra / Pepe, Giorgia / Wasniewska, Malgorzata

    Frontiers in pediatrics

    2024  Volume 12, Page(s) 1359484

    Abstract: Childhood obesity is rapidly increasing worldwide and there is an urgent need to implement treatment and prevention programs. Over the last decade, in addition to increasing rates of childhood obesity, we have also observed rapid technological and ... ...

    Abstract Childhood obesity is rapidly increasing worldwide and there is an urgent need to implement treatment and prevention programs. Over the last decade, in addition to increasing rates of childhood obesity, we have also observed rapid technological and digital development. The Covid-19 pandemic has largely contributed to both expansions but has also allowed an opening towards a broader vision of medicine, through new therapeutic opportunities such as mobile healthcare. The digital and technological delivery of obesity prevention and treatment programs can represent an innovative tool to support children and families to overcome some limitations and barriers such as the accessibility of programs that prevent them from adopting healthy lifestyle changes. This review aimed to summarize the impact of different digital interventions for children and adolescent affected by obesity.
    Language English
    Publishing date 2024-02-16
    Publishing country Switzerland
    Document type Journal Article ; Review
    ZDB-ID 2711999-3
    ISSN 2296-2360
    ISSN 2296-2360
    DOI 10.3389/fped.2024.1359484
    Database MEDical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System OnLINE

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  5. Article ; Online: Identification and Characterization of Tunneling Nanotubes for Intercellular Trafficking.

    Sáenz-de-Santa-María, Inés / Henderson, J Michael / Pepe, Anna / Zurzolo, Chiara

    Current protocols

    2023  Volume 3, Issue 11, Page(s) e939

    Abstract: Tunneling nanotubes (TNTs) are thin membranous channels providing a direct cytoplasmic connection between remote cells. They are commonly observed in different cell cultures and increasing evidence supports their role in intercellular communication, and ... ...

    Abstract Tunneling nanotubes (TNTs) are thin membranous channels providing a direct cytoplasmic connection between remote cells. They are commonly observed in different cell cultures and increasing evidence supports their role in intercellular communication, and pathogen and amyloid protein transfer. However, the study of TNTs presents several pitfalls (e.g., difficulty in preserving such delicate structures, possible confusion with other protrusions, structural and functional heterogeneity, etc.) and therefore requires thoroughly designed approaches. The methods described in this protocol represent a guideline for the characterization of TNTs (or TNT-like structures) in cell culture. Specifically, optimized protocols to (1) identify TNTs and the cytoskeletal elements present inside them; (2) evaluate TNT frequency in cell culture; (3) unambiguously distinguish them from other cellular connections or protrusions; (4) monitor their formation in living cells; (5) characterize TNTs by a micropatterning approach; and (6) investigate TNT ultrastructure by cryo-EM are provided. Finally, this article describes how to assess TNT-mediated cell-to-cell transfer of cellular components, which is a fundamental criterion for identifying functional TNTs. © 2023 Wiley Periodicals LLC. Basic Protocol 1: Identification of tunneling nanotubes Alternate Protocol 1: Identifying the cytoskeletal elements present in tunneling nanotubes Alternate Protocol 2: Distinguishing tunneling nanotubes from intercellular bridges formed during cell division Basic Protocol 2: Deciphering tunneling nanotube formation and lifetime by live fluorescent microscopy Alternate Protocol 3: Deciphering tunneling nanotube formation using a live-compatible dye Basic Protocol 3: Assessing tunneling nanotubes functionality in intercellular transfer Alternate Protocol 4: Flow cytometry approach to quantify the rate of vesicle or mitochondria transfer Support Protocol: Controls to support TNT-mediated transfer Basic Protocol 4: Studies of tunneling nanotubes by cell micropatterning Basic Protocol 5: Characterization of the ultrastructure of tunneling nanotubes by cryo-EM.
    MeSH term(s) Nanotubes/chemistry ; Cell Communication ; Cytoplasm ; Cell Culture Techniques
    Chemical Substances Tunneling Nanotubes
    Language English
    Publishing date 2023-11-03
    Publishing country United States
    Document type Journal Article
    ISSN 2691-1299
    ISSN (online) 2691-1299
    DOI 10.1002/cpz1.939
    Database MEDical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System OnLINE

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  6. Article ; Online: Longitudinal wall shear stress evaluation using centerline projection approach in the numerical simulations of the patient-based carotid artery.

    Richter, Kevin / Probst, Tristan / Hundertmark, Anna / Eulzer, Pepe / Lawonn, Kai

    Computer methods in biomechanics and biomedical engineering

    2023  Volume 27, Issue 3, Page(s) 347–364

    Abstract: In this numerical study, areas of the carotid bifurcation and of a distal stenosis in the internal carotid artery are closely observed to evaluate the patient's current risks of ischemic stroke. An indicator for the vessel wall defects is the stress ... ...

    Abstract In this numerical study, areas of the carotid bifurcation and of a distal stenosis in the internal carotid artery are closely observed to evaluate the patient's current risks of ischemic stroke. An indicator for the vessel wall defects is the stress exerted by blood on the vessel tissue, typically expressed by the amplitude of the wall shear stress vector (WSS) and its oscillatory shear index. To detect negative shear stresses corresponding with reversal flow, we perform orientation-based shear evaluation. We investigate the longitudinal component of the wall shear vector, where tangential vectors aligned longitudinally with the vessel are necessary. However, resulting from imaging segmentation resolution of patients' computed tomography angiography scans and stenotic regions, the geometry model's mesh is non-smooth on its surface areas and the automatically generated tangential vector field is discontinuous and multi-directional, making an interpretation of our orientation-based risk indicators unreliable. We improve the evaluation of longitudinal shear stress by applying the projection of the vessel's centerline to the surface to construct smooth tangential field aligned longitudinally with the vessel. We validate our approach for the longitudinal WSS component and the corresponding oscillatory index by comparing them to results obtained using automatically generated tangents in both rigid and elastic vessel modeling and to amplitude-based indicators. We present the major benefit of our longitudinal WSS evaluation based on its directionality for the cardiovascular risk assessment, which is the detection of negative WSS indicating persistent reversal or transverse flow. This is impossible in the case of the amplitude-based WSS.
    MeSH term(s) Humans ; Models, Cardiovascular ; Carotid Arteries/diagnostic imaging ; Carotid Artery, Internal/diagnostic imaging ; Constriction, Pathologic ; Stress, Mechanical ; Blood Flow Velocity ; Shear Strength
    Language English
    Publishing date 2023-03-07
    Publishing country England
    Document type Journal Article
    ZDB-ID 2071764-7
    ISSN 1476-8259 ; 1025-5842
    ISSN (online) 1476-8259
    ISSN 1025-5842
    DOI 10.1080/10255842.2023.2185478
    Database MEDical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System OnLINE

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  7. Article: Case report: Lamin A/C gene mutation in patient with drug-induced type 1 Brugada syndrome at high arrhythmic risk.

    Russo, Vincenzo / Papaccioli, Giovanni / Maddaloni, Valeria / Caputo, Adriano / Pepe, Nicola / Rago, Anna / Maiorino, Michele / Golino, Paolo / Nigro, Gerardo

    Frontiers in cardiovascular medicine

    2023  Volume 9, Page(s) 1099508

    Abstract: We report the case of drug-induced type 1 Brugada syndrome at high arrhythmic risk associated with Lamin A/C gene mutation. ...

    Abstract We report the case of drug-induced type 1 Brugada syndrome at high arrhythmic risk associated with Lamin A/C gene mutation.
    Language English
    Publishing date 2023-01-10
    Publishing country Switzerland
    Document type Case Reports
    ZDB-ID 2781496-8
    ISSN 2297-055X
    ISSN 2297-055X
    DOI 10.3389/fcvm.2022.1099508
    Database MEDical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System OnLINE

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  8. Article ; Online: Fine intercellular connections in development: TNTs, cytonemes, or intercellular bridges?

    Korenkova, Olga / Pepe, Anna / Zurzolo, Chiara

    Cell stress

    2020  Volume 4, Issue 2, Page(s) 30–43

    Abstract: Intercellular communication is a fundamental property of multicellular organisms, necessary for their adequate responses to changing environment. Tunneling nanotubes (TNTs) represent a novel means of intercellular communication being a long cell-to-cell ... ...

    Abstract Intercellular communication is a fundamental property of multicellular organisms, necessary for their adequate responses to changing environment. Tunneling nanotubes (TNTs) represent a novel means of intercellular communication being a long cell-to-cell conduit. TNTs are actively formed under a broad range of stresses and are also proposed to exist under physiological conditions. Development is a physiological condition of particular interest, as it requires fine coordination. Here we discuss whether protrusions shown to exist during embryonic development of different species could be TNTs or if they represent other types of cell structure, like cytonemes or intercellular bridges, that are suggested to play an important role in development.
    Language English
    Publishing date 2020-01-07
    Publishing country Austria
    Document type Journal Article ; Review
    ISSN 2523-0204
    ISSN (online) 2523-0204
    DOI 10.15698/cst2020.02.212
    Database MEDical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System OnLINE

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  9. Article ; Online: Tunneling nanotubes provide a route for SARS-CoV-2 spreading.

    Pepe, Anna / Pietropaoli, Stefano / Vos, Matthijn / Barba-Spaeth, Giovanna / Zurzolo, Chiara

    Science advances

    2022  Volume 8, Issue 29, Page(s) eabo0171

    Abstract: Neurological manifestations of severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) infection represent a major issue in long coronavirus disease. How SARS-CoV-2 gains access to the brain and how infection leads to neurological symptoms are not ... ...

    Abstract Neurological manifestations of severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) infection represent a major issue in long coronavirus disease. How SARS-CoV-2 gains access to the brain and how infection leads to neurological symptoms are not clear because the principal means of viral entry by endocytosis, the angiotensin-converting enzyme 2 receptor, are barely detectable in the brain. We report that human neuronal cells, nonpermissive to infection through the endocytic pathway, can be infected when cocultured with permissive infected epithelial cells. SARS-CoV-2 induces the formation of tunneling nanotubes (TNTs) and exploits this route to spread to uninfected cells. In cellulo correlative fluorescence and cryo-electron tomography reveal that SARS-CoV-2 is associated with TNTs between permissive cells. Furthermore, multiple vesicular structures such as double-membrane vesicles, sites of viral replication, are observed inside TNTs between permissive and nonpermissive cells. Our data highlight a previously unknown mechanism of SARS-CoV-2 spreading, likely used as a route to invade nonpermissive cells and potentiate infection in permissive cells.
    Language English
    Publishing date 2022-07-20
    Publishing country United States
    Document type Journal Article
    ZDB-ID 2810933-8
    ISSN 2375-2548 ; 2375-2548
    ISSN (online) 2375-2548
    ISSN 2375-2548
    DOI 10.1126/sciadv.abo0171
    Database MEDical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System OnLINE

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  10. Article ; Online: Post-dialysis fatigue and serum S100B protein in patients on chronic hemodialysis. A pilot study.

    Bossola, Maurizio / Picca, Anna / Marzetti, Emanuele / Pepe, Gilda / Antocicco, Manuela / Di Stasio, Enrico

    Therapeutic apheresis and dialysis : official peer-reviewed journal of the International Society for Apheresis, the Japanese Society for Apheresis, the Japanese Society for Dialysis Therapy

    2022  Volume 27, Issue 3, Page(s) 471–479

    Abstract: Background: Aim of the present study was to assess whether post-dialysis fatigue (PDF) may be related to pre- or post-dialysis levels of serum S100B protein. Hemodialysis patients (HD) who answered to be fatigued after their hemodialysis sessions when ... ...

    Abstract Background: Aim of the present study was to assess whether post-dialysis fatigue (PDF) may be related to pre- or post-dialysis levels of serum S100B protein. Hemodialysis patients (HD) who answered to be fatigued after their hemodialysis sessions when asked: "Do you feel worse after dialysis? if they answered yes" were considered to suffer from PDF. Serum Interleukins (IL-1β, IL-6, IL-10), TNF-α and S100B were assessed by ELISA kit.
    Results: Thirty HD patients were studied: 22 (73.4%) reported to suffer from PDF. Serum S100B post-dialysis levels (median [IQR] = 17.4 μg [7.1 to 30.9]) were significantly higher than serum S100B pre-dialysis levels (median [IQR] = 5 μg [1.4 to 22.1]; p = 0.0001). S100B post-dialysis was significantly higher than S100B pre-dialysis either in patients with PDF or without PDF.
    Conclusions: Pre- and post-dialysis values of serum S100B and its delta did not differ significantly between patients with and without PDF and were not associated with the length of the TIRD in patients on chronic hemodialysis.
    MeSH term(s) Humans ; Kidney Failure, Chronic/therapy ; Pilot Projects ; Dialysis ; Renal Dialysis ; Fatigue/complications ; S100 Calcium Binding Protein beta Subunit
    Chemical Substances S100B protein, human ; S100 Calcium Binding Protein beta Subunit
    Language English
    Publishing date 2022-11-01
    Publishing country Australia
    Document type Journal Article
    ZDB-ID 2119809-3
    ISSN 1744-9987 ; 1091-6660 ; 1744-9979
    ISSN (online) 1744-9987
    ISSN 1091-6660 ; 1744-9979
    DOI 10.1111/1744-9987.13944
    Database MEDical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System OnLINE

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