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  1. Article ; Online: Protective immunity after COVID-19 has been questioned: What can we do without SARS-CoV-2-IgG detection?

    Melgaço, Juliana Gil / Azamor, Tamiris / Ano Bom, Ana Paula Dinis

    Cellular immunology

    2020  Volume 353, Page(s) 104114

    Abstract: Severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) induces a severe acute respiratory syndrome that is called COVID-19. Clinical manifestations of COVID-19 include diarrhea, pneumonia, lymphopenia, exhausted lymphocytes, and pro-inflammatory ... ...

    Abstract Severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) induces a severe acute respiratory syndrome that is called COVID-19. Clinical manifestations of COVID-19 include diarrhea, pneumonia, lymphopenia, exhausted lymphocytes, and pro-inflammatory cytokine production. Immunology is part of the process of clinical evolution, but there are some questions around immunity-based protection: (1) why some infected people have only mild symptoms of the disease or are asymptomatic; (2) why delayed and weak antibody responses are associated with severe outcomes; and (3) why positivity in molecular tests does not represent protective antibody IgG. Perhaps T cell responses may be the key to solving those questions. SARS-CoV-2-specific memory T cells persist in peripheral blood and may be capable of providing effective information about protective immunity. The T cells studies can be helpful in elucidating the pathways for development of vaccines, therapies, and diagnostics for COVID-19 and for filling these immunology knowledge gaps.
    MeSH term(s) Antibodies, Viral/immunology ; Antibody Formation ; Betacoronavirus/physiology ; COVID-19 ; COVID-19 Testing ; Clinical Laboratory Techniques ; Coronavirus Infections/diagnosis ; Coronavirus Infections/immunology ; Coronavirus Infections/transmission ; Humans ; Immunoglobulin G/immunology ; Pandemics ; Pneumonia, Viral/immunology ; Pneumonia, Viral/transmission ; SARS-CoV-2 ; T-Lymphocytes/immunology
    Chemical Substances Antibodies, Viral ; Immunoglobulin G
    Keywords covid19
    Language English
    Publishing date 2020-04-28
    Publishing country Netherlands
    Document type Letter
    ZDB-ID 80094-6
    ISSN 1090-2163 ; 0008-8749
    ISSN (online) 1090-2163
    ISSN 0008-8749
    DOI 10.1016/j.cellimm.2020.104114
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  2. Article ; Online: CLEC5A expression can be triggered by spike glycoprotein and may be a potential target for COVID-19 therapy.

    Machado, Thiago L / Santos, Alanna C / Azamor, Tamiris / da Silva, Andrea M V / Pimenta, Vanessa R / Tubarão, Luciana N / da Silva, Alexandre Dos Santos / Flores Rodrigues, Daniela Del Rosário / Müller, Rodrigo / Pinto, Marcelo A / Villar, Livia M / Bom, Ana P A / Melgaço, Juliana G

    Journal of medical virology

    2022  Volume 95, Issue 1, Page(s) e28427

    Abstract: The immune response is crucial for coronavirus disease 19 (COVID-19) progression, with the participation of proinflammatory cells and cytokines, inducing lung injury and loss of respiratory function. CLEC5A expression on monocytes can be triggered by ... ...

    Abstract The immune response is crucial for coronavirus disease 19 (COVID-19) progression, with the participation of proinflammatory cells and cytokines, inducing lung injury and loss of respiratory function. CLEC5A expression on monocytes can be triggered by viral and bacterial infections, leading to poor outcomes. Severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) is able to induce neutrophil activation by CLEC5A and Toll-like receptor 2, leading to an aggressive inflammatory cascade, but little is known about the molecular interactions between CLEC5A and SARS-CoV-2 proteins. Here, we aimed to explore how CLEC5A expression could be affected by SARS-CoV-2 infection using immunological tools with in vitro, in vivo, and in silico assays. The findings revealed that high levels of CLEC5A expression were found in monocytes from severe COVID-19 patients in comparison with mild COVID-19 and unexposed subjects, but not in vaccinated subjects who developed mild COVID-19. In hamsters, we detected CLEC5A gene expression during 3-15 days of Omicron strain viral challenge. Our results also showed that CLEC5A can interact with SARS-CoV-2, promoting inflammatory cytokine production, probably through an interaction with the receptor-binding domain in the N-acetylglucosamine binding site (NAG-601). The high expression of CLEC5A and high levels of proinflammatory cytokine production were reduced in vitro by a human CLEC5A monoclonal antibody. Finally, CLEC5A was triggered by spike glycoprotein, suggesting its involvement in COVID-19 progression; therapy with a monoclonal antibody could be a good strategy for COVID-19 treatment, but vaccines are still the best option to avoid hospitalization/deaths.
    MeSH term(s) Humans ; COVID-19 ; SARS-CoV-2 ; COVID-19 Drug Treatment ; Spike Glycoprotein, Coronavirus ; Cytokines ; Antibodies, Monoclonal ; Glycoproteins ; Receptors, Cell Surface/genetics ; Lectins, C-Type/genetics
    Chemical Substances spike protein, SARS-CoV-2 ; Spike Glycoprotein, Coronavirus ; Cytokines ; Antibodies, Monoclonal ; Glycoproteins ; CLEC5A protein, human ; Receptors, Cell Surface ; Lectins, C-Type
    Language English
    Publishing date 2022-12-26
    Publishing country United States
    Document type Journal Article ; Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't
    ZDB-ID 752392-0
    ISSN 1096-9071 ; 0146-6615
    ISSN (online) 1096-9071
    ISSN 0146-6615
    DOI 10.1002/jmv.28427
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  3. Article ; Online: Persistence of Parvovirus B19 in liver from transplanted patients with acute liver failure.

    Alves, Arthur Dr / Melgaço, Juliana G / Cássia Nc Garcia, Rita de / Raposo, Jessica V / de Paula, Vanessa S / Araújo, Cristina Cv / Pinto, Marcelo A / Amado, Luciane A

    Future microbiology

    2020  Volume 15, Page(s) 307–317

    Abstract: Aim: ...

    Abstract Aim:
    MeSH term(s) Adolescent ; Adult ; Antibodies, Viral/blood ; Child ; DNA, Viral/genetics ; Female ; Humans ; Liver/pathology ; Liver/surgery ; Liver/virology ; Liver Failure, Acute/blood ; Liver Failure, Acute/pathology ; Liver Failure, Acute/therapy ; Liver Failure, Acute/virology ; Liver Transplantation ; Male ; Middle Aged ; Parvovirus B19, Human/classification ; Parvovirus B19, Human/genetics ; Parvovirus B19, Human/isolation & purification ; Phylogeny ; Young Adult
    Chemical Substances Antibodies, Viral ; DNA, Viral
    Language English
    Publishing date 2020-02-22
    Publishing country England
    Document type Journal Article ; Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't
    ISSN 1746-0921
    ISSN (online) 1746-0921
    DOI 10.2217/fmb-2019-0224
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  4. Article ; Online: Neutralizing antibody titers against D8 genotype and persistence of measles humoral and cell-mediated immunity eight years after the first dose of measles, mumps, and rubella vaccine in Brazilian children.

    Kegele Lignani, Letícia / de Vasconcellos Carvalhaes de Oliveira, Raquel / Matos Dos Santos, Eliane / Antonio Bastos Camacho, Luiz / Reis Xavier, Janaína / Regina da Silva E Sá, Gloria / Mendonça Siqueira, Marilda / Marques Vieira da Silva, Andréa / Gil Melgaço, Juliana / Dos Santos Alves, Nathalia / de Lourdes de Sousa Maia, Maria / Caetano Prates Melo, Enirtes

    Vaccine

    2024  Volume 42, Issue 8, Page(s) 2065–2071

    Abstract: Objective: Assess the level of measles vaccine-induced neutralizing antibodies against the D8 genotype and the persistence of humoral and cell-mediated immunity in children who received their first dose of the measles, mumps, and rubella vaccine eight ... ...

    Abstract Objective: Assess the level of measles vaccine-induced neutralizing antibodies against the D8 genotype and the persistence of humoral and cell-mediated immunity in children who received their first dose of the measles, mumps, and rubella vaccine eight years previously.
    Methods: Measles-specific IgG and neutralizing antibodies were determined in serum using ELISA and plaque reduction neutralization test, respectively. Cellular response was evaluated from peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMC). IFN-γ-secreting cells, memory B and T cells, and immunological mediators were assayed by ELISpot, flow cytometry, and multiplex liquid microarray assay, respectively.
    Results: Antibody concentrations declined over time; however, the vaccine-induced neutralizing antibodies' effect against D8 and vaccinal genotypes persisted. PBMC stimulated with the vaccine virus exhibited specific IFN- γ-measles-secreting responses in most participants. Participants with high levels of neutralizing antibodies showed a higher proportion of activated B cells compared to participants with low levels of neutralizing antibodies, while proportions of memory CD4+ and CD8+ T cells were similar between these groups. PBMC supernatant cytokine levels showed a significant difference between stimulated and non-stimulated conditions for IL-2, TNF-α, IL-10, and CXCL10.
    Conclusion: Despite the decline in antibody concentrations over time, the participants still demonstrated neutralizing capacity against the measles D8 genotype five to eight years after the second dose of the measles, mumps, and rubella vaccine. Additionally, most of the enrolled children exhibited cell-mediated immunity responses to measles virus stimulation.
    MeSH term(s) Child ; Humans ; Mumps/prevention & control ; Leukocytes, Mononuclear ; Measles-Mumps-Rubella Vaccine ; Brazil ; Antibodies, Viral ; Measles ; Antibodies, Neutralizing ; Measles Vaccine ; Immunity, Cellular ; Rubella/prevention & control
    Chemical Substances Measles-Mumps-Rubella Vaccine ; Antibodies, Viral ; Antibodies, Neutralizing ; Measles Vaccine
    Language English
    Publishing date 2024-02-26
    Publishing country Netherlands
    Document type Journal Article
    ZDB-ID 605674-x
    ISSN 1873-2518 ; 0264-410X
    ISSN (online) 1873-2518
    ISSN 0264-410X
    DOI 10.1016/j.vaccine.2024.02.060
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  5. Article ; Online: Accuracy of rapid test for diagnosis of hepatitis A with different infection rate settings and with predictive modeling.

    de Almeida Ribeiro, Camilla R / Amado, Luciane A / Tourinho, Renata S / Pinto Lima, Lyana R / Melgaço, Juliana G / de Almeida, Adilson J / Bastos, Leonardo S / Lewis-Ximenez, Lia L / de Paula, Vanessa S

    Future microbiology

    2019  Volume 14, Page(s) 247–258

    Abstract: Aim: We evaluated the accuracy of a commercial rapid immunochromatographic test (rapid test [RT]) for hepatitis A (HA) diagnosis and epidemiological studies.: Materials & methods: The accuracy of a RT was evaluated in laboratory and in field ... ...

    Abstract Aim: We evaluated the accuracy of a commercial rapid immunochromatographic test (rapid test [RT]) for hepatitis A (HA) diagnosis and epidemiological studies.
    Materials & methods: The accuracy of a RT was evaluated in laboratory and in field conditions. Predictive modeling estimated the test performance in a hypothetical population.
    Results: The RT showed sensitivities of 66-86%, and specificities of 21-100%, depending on the antibody isotype (IgM or IgG) analyzed and prevalence of infection.
    Conclusion: The RT is a good alternative for diagnostic in HA outbreaks. The predictive model indicates that it should not be used alone for HA diagnosis in low prevalence populations. These data can be used in the future to strengthen decision-making during the implementation of rapid diagnostic methods in health services.
    MeSH term(s) Adolescent ; Adult ; Aged ; Antibodies, Viral/blood ; Brazil ; Chromatography, Affinity/methods ; Clinical Decision-Making ; Cross Reactions ; Diagnostic Tests, Routine/methods ; Disease Outbreaks ; False Negative Reactions ; False Positive Reactions ; Female ; Health Services ; Hepatitis A/diagnosis ; Hepatitis A/epidemiology ; Hepatitis A/immunology ; Hepatitis A Vaccines ; Humans ; Immunoglobulin G/blood ; Immunoglobulin Isotypes ; Immunoglobulin M/blood ; Male ; Middle Aged ; Prevalence ; Sensitivity and Specificity ; Seroepidemiologic Studies ; Young Adult
    Chemical Substances Antibodies, Viral ; Hepatitis A Vaccines ; Immunoglobulin G ; Immunoglobulin Isotypes ; Immunoglobulin M
    Language English
    Publishing date 2019-01-21
    Publishing country England
    Document type Journal Article ; Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't
    ISSN 1746-0921
    ISSN (online) 1746-0921
    DOI 10.2217/fmb-2018-0211
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  6. Article ; Online: Hepatitis A Strain Linked to the European Outbreaks During Gay Events between 2016 and 2017, Identified in a Brazilian Homosexual Couple in 2017.

    Mello, Vinicius M / Lago, Barbara V / Sousa, Paulo S F / Mello, Francisco C A / Souza, Caroline B / Pinto, Laura C M / Ginuino, Cleber F / Fernandes, Carlos A S / Aguiar, Shirlei F / Villar, Lívia M / Lampe, Elisabeth / Melgaço, Juliana G / Lewis-Ximenez, Lia L

    Viruses

    2019  Volume 11, Issue 3

    Abstract: Hepatitis A virus (HAV) outbreaks among men who have sex with men (MSM) have been reported worldwide and associated primarily with sexual transmission through oral-anal sex. Here, we provide the molecular and evolutionary description of a European strain, ...

    Abstract Hepatitis A virus (HAV) outbreaks among men who have sex with men (MSM) have been reported worldwide and associated primarily with sexual transmission through oral-anal sex. Here, we provide the molecular and evolutionary description of a European strain, linked to HAV outbreaks among MSM, detected in a Brazilian homosexual couple. Bayesian analysis provided evidence that the viral isolates were introduced in Brazil from Spain between the end of 2016 and the beginning of 2017.
    MeSH term(s) Adult ; Antibodies, Viral/blood ; Bayes Theorem ; Brazil ; Disease Outbreaks ; Evolution, Molecular ; Hepatitis A/diagnosis ; Hepatitis A/immunology ; Hepatitis A/transmission ; Hepatitis A virus/genetics ; Hepatitis A virus/immunology ; Homosexuality, Male ; Humans ; Male ; Risk Factors ; Spain/epidemiology
    Chemical Substances Antibodies, Viral
    Language English
    Publishing date 2019-03-20
    Publishing country Switzerland
    Document type Case Reports ; Journal Article ; Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't
    ZDB-ID 2516098-9
    ISSN 1999-4915 ; 1999-4915
    ISSN (online) 1999-4915
    ISSN 1999-4915
    DOI 10.3390/v11030281
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  7. Article ; Online: Two-Step In Vitro Model to Evaluate the Cellular Immune Response to SARS-CoV-2.

    Melgaço, Juliana G / Azamor, Tamiris / Silva, Andréa M V / Linhares, José Henrique R / Dos Santos, Tiago P / Mendes, Ygara S / de Lima, Sheila M B / Fernandes, Camilla Bayma / da Silva, Jane / de Souza, Alessandro F / Tubarão, Luciana N / Brito E Cunha, Danielle / Pereira, Tamires B S / Menezes, Catarina E L / Miranda, Milene D / Matos, Aline R / Caetano, Braulia C / Martins, Jéssica S C C / Calvo, Thyago L /
    Rodrigues, Natalia F / Sacramento, Carolina Q / Siqueira, Marilda M / Moraes, Milton O / Missailidis, Sotiris / Neves, Patrícia C C / Ano Bom, Ana Paula D

    Cells

    2021  Volume 10, Issue 9

    Abstract: The cellular immune response plays an important role in COVID-19, caused by SARS-CoV-2. This feature makes use of in vitro models' useful tools to evaluate vaccines and biopharmaceutical effects. Here, we developed a two-step model to evaluate the ... ...

    Abstract The cellular immune response plays an important role in COVID-19, caused by SARS-CoV-2. This feature makes use of in vitro models' useful tools to evaluate vaccines and biopharmaceutical effects. Here, we developed a two-step model to evaluate the cellular immune response after SARS-CoV-2 infection-induced or spike protein stimulation in peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMC) from both unexposed and COVID-19 (primo-infected) individuals (Step1). Moreover, the supernatants of these cultures were used to evaluate its effects on lung cell lines (A549) (Step2). When PBMC from the unexposed were infected by SARS-CoV-2, cytotoxic natural killer and nonclassical monocytes expressing inflammatory cytokines genes were raised. The supernatant of these cells can induce apoptosis of A549 cells (mock vs. Step2 [mean]: 6.4% × 17.7%). Meanwhile, PBMCs from primo-infected presented their memory CD4
    MeSH term(s) Adult ; Alveolar Epithelial Cells/virology ; COVID-19/blood ; COVID-19/genetics ; COVID-19/immunology ; COVID-19/virology ; Cytokines/genetics ; Cytokines/metabolism ; Female ; Gene Expression Regulation ; Humans ; Immunity, Cellular ; Immunologic Memory/immunology ; Killer Cells, Natural/immunology ; Leukocytes, Mononuclear/virology ; Male ; Middle Aged ; Models, Biological ; Phenotype ; SARS-CoV-2/physiology ; T-Lymphocytes/immunology ; Virus Replication/physiology ; Young Adult
    Chemical Substances Cytokines
    Language English
    Publishing date 2021-08-26
    Publishing country Switzerland
    Document type Journal Article ; Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't
    ZDB-ID 2661518-6
    ISSN 2073-4409 ; 2073-4409
    ISSN (online) 2073-4409
    ISSN 2073-4409
    DOI 10.3390/cells10092206
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  8. Article ; Online: Evolution of the innate and adaptive immune response in women with acute Zika virus infection.

    Tonnerre, Pierre / Melgaço, Juliana G / Torres-Cornejo, Almudena / Pinto, Marcelo A / Yue, Constanze / Blümel, Johannes / de Sousa, Paulo Sergio Fonseca / de Mello, Vinicius da Motta / Moran, Julio / de Filippis, Ana M Bispo / Wolski, David / Grifoni, Alba / Sette, Alessandro / Barouch, Dan H / Hoogeveen, Ruben C / Baylis, Sally A / Lauer, Georg M / Lewis-Ximenez, Lia L

    Nature microbiology

    2019  Volume 5, Issue 1, Page(s) 76–83

    Abstract: Zika virus (ZIKV) is a flavivirus that is closely related to other human pathogens, such as dengue virus (DENV) ...

    Abstract Zika virus (ZIKV) is a flavivirus that is closely related to other human pathogens, such as dengue virus (DENV)
    MeSH term(s) Adaptive Immunity ; Adult ; Antibodies, Neutralizing/blood ; Antibodies, Viral/blood ; CD4-Positive T-Lymphocytes/immunology ; CD8-Positive T-Lymphocytes/immunology ; Dengue/immunology ; Dengue Virus/immunology ; Female ; Humans ; Immunity, Heterologous ; Immunity, Innate ; Middle Aged ; Zika Virus/immunology ; Zika Virus Infection/immunology ; Zika Virus Infection/pathology
    Chemical Substances Antibodies, Neutralizing ; Antibodies, Viral
    Language English
    Publishing date 2019-12-02
    Publishing country England
    Document type Journal Article ; Research Support, N.I.H., Extramural ; Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't
    ISSN 2058-5276
    ISSN (online) 2058-5276
    DOI 10.1038/s41564-019-0618-z
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  9. Article ; Online: Phenotype and function of HBV-specific T cells is determined by the targeted epitope in addition to the stage of infection.

    Hoogeveen, Ruben C / Robidoux, Maxwell P / Schwarz, Tatjana / Heydmann, Laura / Cheney, James A / Kvistad, Daniel / Aneja, Jasneet / Melgaço, Juliana G / Fernandes, Carlos A / Chung, Raymond T / Boonstra, Andre / Kim, Arthur Y / Baumert, Thomas F / Timm, Jörg / Lewis-Ximenez, Lia L / Tonnerre, Pierre / Lauer, Georg M

    Gut

    2018  Volume 68, Issue 5, Page(s) 893–904

    Abstract: Objective: Chronic HBV infection affects more than 250 million people worldwide and remains a global healthcare problem in part because we lack curative treatment. Sustained viral control requires HBV-specific T cells, but these become functionally ... ...

    Abstract Objective: Chronic HBV infection affects more than 250 million people worldwide and remains a global healthcare problem in part because we lack curative treatment. Sustained viral control requires HBV-specific T cells, but these become functionally impaired in chronic infection. Clinical evidence indicates that functional cure of HBV infection by the host immune response is feasible. Developing T cell-based therapies able to achieve functional cure will require identification of the requirements for a successful T cell response against HBV and the relative contribution of individual T cell specificities to HBV control.
    Design: The phenotype and function of HBV-specific T cells were studied directly ex vivo using fluorochrome-labelled multimers. We studied multiple HBV-specific T cell specificities targeting different HBV proteins in individuals with either an acute self-limiting or chronic HBV infection.
    Results: We detected strong T cell responses targeting multiple HBV viral proteins in acute self-limiting and low-frequency core and polymerase-specific T cells in chronic infection. Expression of the T cell inhibitory receptor PD-1, as well as T cell differentiation, T cell function and T cell regulation differed by stages and outcomes of infection. In addition, these features differed significantly between T cells targeting different HBV specificities.
    Conclusion: HBV-specific T cells with different target specificities are characterised by distinct phenotypical and functional profiles. These results have direct implications for the design of immunological studies in HBV infection, and are potentially relevant for informing immunotherapeutic approaches to induce functional cure.
    MeSH term(s) Adult ; Aged ; CD8-Positive T-Lymphocytes/physiology ; Epitopes ; Female ; Hepatitis B virus/immunology ; Hepatitis B, Chronic/etiology ; Hepatitis B, Chronic/metabolism ; Hepatitis B, Chronic/pathology ; Humans ; Male ; Middle Aged ; Phenotype ; Programmed Cell Death 1 Receptor/metabolism
    Chemical Substances Epitopes ; Programmed Cell Death 1 Receptor
    Language English
    Publishing date 2018-12-22
    Publishing country England
    Document type Journal Article ; Research Support, N.I.H., Extramural ; Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't
    ZDB-ID 80128-8
    ISSN 1468-3288 ; 0017-5749
    ISSN (online) 1468-3288
    ISSN 0017-5749
    DOI 10.1136/gutjnl-2018-316644
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  10. Article ; Online: Parvovirus B19 Infection in a Fatal Case of Acute Liver Failure.

    Leon, Luciane Almeida Amado / Alves, Arthur Daniel Rocha / Garcia, Rita de Cássia Nasser Cubel / Melgaço, Juliana Gil / de Paula, Vanessa Salete / Pinto, Marcelo Alves

    The Pediatric infectious disease journal

    2017  Volume 36, Issue 12, Page(s) e355–e358

    Abstract: ... with the detection of anti-B19 Immunoglobulin G (IgG), B19 DNA and B19 mRNA in liver indicate a persistent infection ...

    Abstract B19V has been proposed as an etiologic agent for hepatitis, mainly in children, but this is a rare clinical occurrence. In this article, we report a case of non-A-E acute liver failure in an immunocompetent child with B19 infection. The clinical findings of severe anemia and pancytopenia combined with the detection of anti-B19 Immunoglobulin G (IgG), B19 DNA and B19 mRNA in liver indicate a persistent infection and suggest a diagnosis of parvovirus B19-associated acute liver failure.
    Language English
    Publishing date 2017-12
    Publishing country United States
    Document type Journal Article
    ZDB-ID 392481-6
    ISSN 1532-0987 ; 0891-3668
    ISSN (online) 1532-0987
    ISSN 0891-3668
    DOI 10.1097/INF.0000000000001731
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