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  1. Article ; Online: In adult X-CGD patients, regulatory T cells are expanded while activated T cells display a NOX2-independent ROS increase.

    Cammarata, Ilenia / Pinna, Valeria / Pacella, Ilenia / Rotella, Ivano / Soresina, Annarosa / Badolato, Raffaele / Plebani, Alessandro / Pignata, Claudio / Cirillo, Emilia / Zicari, Anna Maria / Violi, Francesco / Carnevale, Roberto / Loffredo, Lorenzo / Piconese, Silvia

    Immunology letters

    2024  Volume 266, Page(s) 106839

    Abstract: The X-linked chronic granulomatous disease (X-CGD), a rare genetic disease characterised by recurrent infections, is caused by mutations of NOX2. Significant proportions of X-CGD patients display signs of immune dysregulation. Regulatory T cells (Tregs) ... ...

    Abstract The X-linked chronic granulomatous disease (X-CGD), a rare genetic disease characterised by recurrent infections, is caused by mutations of NOX2. Significant proportions of X-CGD patients display signs of immune dysregulation. Regulatory T cells (Tregs) are CD4
    MeSH term(s) Adult ; Humans ; Granulomatous Disease, Chronic/genetics ; Granulomatous Disease, Chronic/metabolism ; T-Lymphocytes, Regulatory ; NADPH Oxidases/genetics ; NADPH Oxidases/metabolism ; Reactive Oxygen Species/metabolism ; Mutation
    Chemical Substances NADPH Oxidases (EC 1.6.3.-) ; Reactive Oxygen Species
    Language English
    Publishing date 2024-02-01
    Publishing country Netherlands
    Document type Journal Article
    ZDB-ID 445150-8
    ISSN 1879-0542 ; 0165-2478
    ISSN (online) 1879-0542
    ISSN 0165-2478
    DOI 10.1016/j.imlet.2024.106839
    Database MEDical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System OnLINE

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  2. Article ; Online: Omenn Syndrome due to RAG1 Mutation Presenting With Nonimmune Hydrops Fetalis in Two Siblings.

    Valeri, Lara / Lugli, Licia / Iughetti, Lorenzo / Soresina, Annarosa / Giliani, Silvia / Porta, Fulvio / Berardi, Alberto

    Pediatrics

    2022  Volume 149, Issue 1

    Abstract: Omenn syndrome (OS) is a rare variant of severe combined immunodeficiency characterized by susceptibility to severe opportunistic infections and peculiar manifestations, such as protein-losing erythroderma, alopecia, hepatosplenomegaly, lymphadenopathies, ...

    Abstract Omenn syndrome (OS) is a rare variant of severe combined immunodeficiency characterized by susceptibility to severe opportunistic infections and peculiar manifestations, such as protein-losing erythroderma, alopecia, hepatosplenomegaly, lymphadenopathies, and severe diarrhea. The typical form of the disease is caused by hypomorphic mutation of the recombination-activating genes (RAG1 and RAG2), which are critical in initiating the molecular processes leading to lymphocyte and immunoglobulin receptor formation. Affected patients lack B cells, whereas autoreactive oligoclonal T cells infiltrate the skin, gut, spleen, and liver. In the absence of hematopoietic stem cell transplantation, patients with OS usually succumb early in life because of opportunistic infections. The incidence of OS is estimated to be <1 per 1 000 000; however, the actual frequency is difficult to ascertain. We report 2 siblings affected by OS due to a homozygous frameshift mutation (NM_000448.3:c.519delT, p.E174Sfs*26) in the RAG1 gene presenting with nonimmune hydrops fetalis (NIHF). To the best of our knowledge, this is the first reported association between OS and NIHF. NIHF specifically refers to the presence of ≥2 abnormal fluid collections in the fetus, without red blood cell alloimmunization. A broad spectrum of pathologies is associated with NIHF; however, in ∼20% of the cases, the primary cause remains unclear. Understanding the etiology of NIHF is essential for guiding clinical management, determining prognosis, and informing parents regarding recurrence risk. Our case contributes to expanding the spectrum of OS presentation and highlights the importance of a complete immunologic and genetic workup in otherwise unexplained cases of NIHF.
    MeSH term(s) Alopecia/complications ; Dermatitis, Exfoliative/complications ; Frameshift Mutation ; Homeodomain Proteins/genetics ; Homozygote ; Humans ; Hydrops Fetalis/etiology ; Infant, Newborn ; Male ; Morocco ; Pedigree ; Severe Combined Immunodeficiency/complications ; Severe Combined Immunodeficiency/diagnosis ; Severe Combined Immunodeficiency/genetics ; Siblings
    Chemical Substances Homeodomain Proteins ; RAG-1 protein (128559-51-3)
    Language English
    Publishing date 2022-01-17
    Publishing country United States
    Document type Case Reports ; Journal Article
    ZDB-ID 207677-9
    ISSN 1098-4275 ; 0031-4005
    ISSN (online) 1098-4275
    ISSN 0031-4005
    DOI 10.1542/peds.2021-052411
    Database MEDical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System OnLINE

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  3. Article: Vasculitis and vasculopathy associated with inborn errors of immunity: an overview.

    Federici, Silvia / Cinicola, Bianca Laura / La Torre, Francesco / Castagnoli, Riccardo / Lougaris, Vassilios / Giardino, Giuliana / Volpi, Stefano / Caorsi, Roberta / Leonardi, Lucia / Corrente, Stefania / Soresina, Annarosa / Cancrini, Caterina / Insalaco, Antonella / Gattorno, Marco / De Benedetti, Fabrizio / Marseglia, Gian Luigi / Del Giudice, Michele Miraglia / Cardinale, Fabio

    Frontiers in pediatrics

    2024  Volume 11, Page(s) 1258301

    Abstract: Systemic autoinflammatory diseases (SAIDs) are disorders of innate immunity, which are characterized by unprovoked recurrent flares of systemic inflammation often characterized by fever associated with clinical manifestations mainly involving the ... ...

    Abstract Systemic autoinflammatory diseases (SAIDs) are disorders of innate immunity, which are characterized by unprovoked recurrent flares of systemic inflammation often characterized by fever associated with clinical manifestations mainly involving the musculoskeletal, mucocutaneous, gastrointestinal, and nervous systems. Several conditions also present with varied, sometimes prominent, involvement of the vascular system, with features of vasculitis characterized by variable target vessel involvement and organ damage. Here, we report a systematic review of vasculitis and vasculopathy associated with inborn errors of immunity.
    Language English
    Publishing date 2024-01-31
    Publishing country Switzerland
    Document type Journal Article ; Review
    ZDB-ID 2711999-3
    ISSN 2296-2360
    ISSN 2296-2360
    DOI 10.3389/fped.2023.1258301
    Database MEDical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System OnLINE

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  4. Article ; Online: Patients with STAT1 Gain-of-function Mutations Display Increased Apoptosis which is Reversed by the JAK Inhibitor Ruxolitinib.

    Dotta, Laura / Todaro, Francesca / Baronio, Manuela / Giacomelli, Mauro / Pinelli, Marinella / Giambarda, Martina / Brognoli, Beatrice / Greco, Silvia / Rota, Francesca / Cortesi, Manuela / Soresina, Annarosa / Moratto, Daniele / Tomasi, Cesare / Ferraro, Rosalba Monica / Giliani, Silvia / Badolato, Raffaele

    Journal of clinical immunology

    2024  Volume 44, Issue 4, Page(s) 85

    Abstract: Introduction: The signal transducer and activator of transcription (STAT1) gain-of-function (GOF) syndrome accounts for most cases of chronic mucocutaneous candidiasis but is characterized by a broader clinical phenotype that may include bacterial, ... ...

    Abstract Introduction: The signal transducer and activator of transcription (STAT1) gain-of-function (GOF) syndrome accounts for most cases of chronic mucocutaneous candidiasis but is characterized by a broader clinical phenotype that may include bacterial, viral, or invasive fungal infections, autoimmunity, autoinflammatory manifestations, vascular complications, or malignancies. The severity of lymphopenia may vary and influence the infectious morbidity.
    Methods: In our cohort of seven STAT1-GOF patients, we investigated the mechanisms that may determine T lymphopenia, we characterized the interferon gene signature (IGS) and analyzed the effect of ruxolitinib in reverting the immune dysregulation.
    Results: STAT1-GOF patients exhibited increased T lymphocyte apoptosis that was significantly augmented in both resting conditions and following stimulation with mitogens and IFNα, as evaluated by flow cytometry by Annexin V/ Propidium iodide assay. The JAK inhibitor ruxolitinib significantly reduced the IFNα-induced hyperphosphorylation of STAT1 and reverted the stimulation-induced T-cell apoptosis, in vitro. In two adult STAT1-GOF patients, the JAKinib treatment ameliorated chronic mucocutaneous candidiasis and lymphopenia. Most STAT1-GOF patients, particularly those who had autoimmunity, presented increased IGS that significantly decreased in the two patients during ruxolitinib treatment.
    Conclusion: In STAT1-GOF patients, T lymphocyte apoptosis is increased, and T lymphopenia may determine higher risk of severe infections. The JAKinib target therapy should be evaluated to treat severe chronic candidiasis and lymphopenia, and to downregulate the IFNs in patients with autoinflammatory or autoimmune manifestations.
    MeSH term(s) Adult ; Humans ; Gain of Function Mutation ; Janus Kinase Inhibitors/therapeutic use ; Candidiasis, Chronic Mucocutaneous/drug therapy ; Candidiasis, Chronic Mucocutaneous/genetics ; Interferons ; Lymphopenia ; STAT1 Transcription Factor/metabolism ; Thrombocytopenia ; Nitriles ; Pyrazoles ; Pyrimidines
    Chemical Substances ruxolitinib (82S8X8XX8H) ; Janus Kinase Inhibitors ; Interferons (9008-11-1) ; STAT1 Transcription Factor ; STAT1 protein, human ; Nitriles ; Pyrazoles ; Pyrimidines
    Language English
    Publishing date 2024-04-05
    Publishing country Netherlands
    Document type Journal Article
    ZDB-ID 779361-3
    ISSN 1573-2592 ; 0271-9142
    ISSN (online) 1573-2592
    ISSN 0271-9142
    DOI 10.1007/s10875-024-01684-y
    Database MEDical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System OnLINE

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  5. Article ; Online: COVID-19 Pneumonia with Migratory Pattern in Agammaglobulinemic Patients: A Report of Two Cases and Review of Literature.

    Degli Antoni, Melania / Crosato, Verena / Pennati, Francesca / Borghesi, Andrea / Cristini, Graziella / Allegri, Roberto / Capone, Susanna / Bergamasco, Alberto / Soresina, Annarosa / Badolato, Raffaele / Maroldi, Roberto / Quiros-Roldan, Eugenia / Matteelli, Alberto / Castelli, Francesco / Focà, Emanuele

    Tomography (Ann Arbor, Mich.)

    2023  Volume 9, Issue 3, Page(s) 894–900

    Abstract: X-linked agammaglobulinemia (XLA) is a primary immunodeficiency characterized by marked reduction in serum immunoglobulins and early-onset infections. Coronavirus Disease-2019 (COVID-19) pneumonia in immunocompromised patients presents clinical and ... ...

    Abstract X-linked agammaglobulinemia (XLA) is a primary immunodeficiency characterized by marked reduction in serum immunoglobulins and early-onset infections. Coronavirus Disease-2019 (COVID-19) pneumonia in immunocompromised patients presents clinical and radiological peculiarities which have not yet been completely understood. Very few cases of agammaglobulinemic patients with COVID-19 have been reported since the beginning of the pandemic in February 2020. We report two cases of migrant COVID-19 pneumonia in XLA patients.
    MeSH term(s) Humans ; COVID-19/complications ; Pneumonia ; Genetic Diseases, X-Linked ; Agammaglobulinemia/complications ; Agammaglobulinemia/diagnostic imaging
    Language English
    Publishing date 2023-04-23
    Publishing country Switzerland
    Document type Review ; Case Reports
    ISSN 2379-139X
    ISSN (online) 2379-139X
    DOI 10.3390/tomography9030073
    Database MEDical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System OnLINE

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  6. Article ; Online: Pathogenesis of Autoimmune Cytopenias in Inborn Errors of Immunity Revealing Novel Therapeutic Targets.

    Cortesi, Manuela / Soresina, Annarosa / Dotta, Laura / Gorio, Chiara / Cattalini, Marco / Lougaris, Vassilios / Porta, Fulvio / Badolato, Raffaele

    Frontiers in immunology

    2022  Volume 13, Page(s) 846660

    Abstract: Autoimmune diseases are usually associated with environmental triggers and genetic predisposition. However, a few number of autoimmune diseases has a monogenic cause, mostly in children. These diseases may be the expression, isolated or associated with ... ...

    Abstract Autoimmune diseases are usually associated with environmental triggers and genetic predisposition. However, a few number of autoimmune diseases has a monogenic cause, mostly in children. These diseases may be the expression, isolated or associated with other symptoms, of an underlying inborn error of immunity (IEI). Autoimmune cytopenias (AICs), including immune thrombocytopenic purpura (ITP), autoimmune hemolytic anemia (AIHA), autoimmune neutropenia (AN), and Evans' syndrome (ES) are common presentations of immunological diseases in the pediatric age, with at least 65% of cases of ES genetically determined. Autoimmune cytopenias in IEI have often a more severe, chronic, and relapsing course. Treatment refractoriness also characterizes autoimmune cytopenia with a monogenic cause, such as IEI. The mechanisms underlying autoimmune cytopenias in IEI include cellular or humoral autoimmunity, immune dysregulation in cases of hemophagocytosis or lymphoproliferation with or without splenic sequestration, bone marrow failure, myelodysplasia, or secondary myelosuppression. Genetic characterization of autoimmune cytopenias is of fundamental importance as an early diagnosis improves the outcome and allows the setting up of a targeted therapy, such as CTLA-4 IgG fusion protein (Abatacept), small molecule inhibitors (JAK-inhibitors), or gene therapy. Currently, gene therapy represents one of the most attractive targeted therapeutic approaches to treat selected inborn errors of immunity. Even in the absence of specific targeted therapies, however, whole exome genetic testing (WES) for children with chronic multilineage cytopenias should be considered as an early diagnostic tool for disease diagnosis and genetic counseling.
    MeSH term(s) Anemia, Hemolytic, Autoimmune/diagnosis ; Anemia, Hemolytic, Autoimmune/genetics ; Anemia, Hemolytic, Autoimmune/therapy ; Autoimmunity/genetics ; Child ; Humans ; Purpura, Thrombocytopenic, Idiopathic/diagnosis ; Purpura, Thrombocytopenic, Idiopathic/genetics ; Purpura, Thrombocytopenic, Idiopathic/therapy ; Thrombocytopenia/complications
    Language English
    Publishing date 2022-04-06
    Publishing country Switzerland
    Document type Journal Article ; Review
    ZDB-ID 2606827-8
    ISSN 1664-3224 ; 1664-3224
    ISSN (online) 1664-3224
    ISSN 1664-3224
    DOI 10.3389/fimmu.2022.846660
    Database MEDical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System OnLINE

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  7. Article ; Online: Immune tolerance breakdown in inborn errors of immunity: Paving the way to novel therapeutic approaches.

    Giardino, Giuliana / Romano, Roberta / Lougaris, Vassilios / Castagnoli, Riccardo / Cillo, Francesca / Leonardi, Lucia / La Torre, Francesco / Soresina, Annarosa / Federici, Silvia / Cancrini, Caterina / Pacillo, Lucia / Toriello, Elisabetta / Cinicola, Bianca Laura / Corrente, Stefania / Volpi, Stefano / Marseglia, Gian Luigi / Pignata, Claudio / Cardinale, Fabio

    Clinical immunology (Orlando, Fla.)

    2023  Volume 251, Page(s) 109302

    Abstract: Up to 25% of the patients with inborn errors of immunity (IEI) also exhibit immunodysregulatory features. The association of immune dysregulation and immunodeficiency may be explained by different mechanisms. The understanding of mechanisms underlying ... ...

    Abstract Up to 25% of the patients with inborn errors of immunity (IEI) also exhibit immunodysregulatory features. The association of immune dysregulation and immunodeficiency may be explained by different mechanisms. The understanding of mechanisms underlying immune dysregulation in IEI has paved the way for the development of targeted treatments. In this review article, we will summarize the mechanisms of immune tolerance breakdown and the targeted therapeutic approaches to immune dysregulation in IEI.
    MeSH term(s) Humans ; Immune Tolerance ; Immune System Diseases/genetics ; Immune System Diseases/therapy
    Language English
    Publishing date 2023-03-24
    Publishing country United States
    Document type Journal Article ; Review
    ZDB-ID 1459903-x
    ISSN 1521-7035 ; 1521-6616
    ISSN (online) 1521-7035
    ISSN 1521-6616
    DOI 10.1016/j.clim.2023.109302
    Database MEDical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System OnLINE

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  8. Article ; Online: When a Nontuberculous Mycobacterial Infection Reveals an Error of Immunity: A Single Center's Experience.

    Morreale, Alessia / Dotta, Laura / Vairo, Donatella / Bazzana, Tullia / Lougaris, Vassilios / Soresina, Annarosa / Plebani, Alessandro / Giliani, Silvia Clara / Porta, Fulvio / Matteelli, Alberto / Redaelli De Zinis, Luca Oscar / Badolato, Raffaele

    The Pediatric infectious disease journal

    2022  Volume 41, Issue 5, Page(s) 427–429

    Abstract: We present an algorithm that may be applied in case of a diagnosis of pediatric nontuberculous mycobacterial disease to identify the patients who may require an immunologic assessment to discover a possible underlying immune system defect predisposing to ...

    Abstract We present an algorithm that may be applied in case of a diagnosis of pediatric nontuberculous mycobacterial disease to identify the patients who may require an immunologic assessment to discover a possible underlying immune system defect predisposing to their nontuberculous mycobacterial infections.
    MeSH term(s) Child ; Humans ; Mycobacterium Infections, Nontuberculous/diagnosis ; Mycobacterium Infections, Nontuberculous/microbiology ; Nontuberculous Mycobacteria
    Language English
    Publishing date 2022-01-27
    Publishing country United States
    Document type Journal Article ; Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't
    ZDB-ID 392481-6
    ISSN 1532-0987 ; 0891-3668
    ISSN (online) 1532-0987
    ISSN 0891-3668
    DOI 10.1097/INF.0000000000003461
    Database MEDical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System OnLINE

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  9. Article ; Online: COVID-19 Pneumonia with Migratory Pattern in Agammaglobulinemic Patients

    Melania Degli Antoni / Verena Crosato / Francesca Pennati / Andrea Borghesi / Graziella Cristini / Roberto Allegri / Susanna Capone / Alberto Bergamasco / Annarosa Soresina / Raffaele Badolato / Roberto Maroldi / Eugenia Quiros-Roldan / Alberto Matteelli / Francesco Castelli / Emanuele Focà

    Tomography, Vol 9, Iss 73, Pp 894-

    A Report of Two Cases and Review of Literature

    2023  Volume 900

    Abstract: X-linked agammaglobulinemia (XLA) is a primary immunodeficiency characterized by marked reduction in serum immunoglobulins and early-onset infections. Coronavirus Disease-2019 (COVID-19) pneumonia in immunocompromised patients presents clinical and ... ...

    Abstract X-linked agammaglobulinemia (XLA) is a primary immunodeficiency characterized by marked reduction in serum immunoglobulins and early-onset infections. Coronavirus Disease-2019 (COVID-19) pneumonia in immunocompromised patients presents clinical and radiological peculiarities which have not yet been completely understood. Very few cases of agammaglobulinemic patients with COVID-19 have been reported since the beginning of the pandemic in February 2020. We report two cases of migrant COVID-19 pneumonia in XLA patients.
    Keywords COVID-19 ; X-linked agammaglobulinemia ; migrant pneumonia ; organizing pneumonia ; computed tomography ; Computer applications to medicine. Medical informatics ; R858-859.7
    Language English
    Publishing date 2023-04-01T00:00:00Z
    Publisher MDPI AG
    Document type Article ; Online
    Database BASE - Bielefeld Academic Search Engine (life sciences selection)

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  10. Article ; Online: Primary atopic disorders and chronic skin disease.

    Cinicola, Bianca Laura / Corrente, Stefania / Castagnoli, Riccardo / Lougaris, Vassilios / Giardino, Giuliana / Leonardi, Lucia / Volpi, Stefano / La Torre, Francesco / Federici, Silvia / Soresina, Annarosa / Cancrini, Caterina / Marseglia, Gian Luigi / Cardinale, Fabio

    Pediatric allergy and immunology : official publication of the European Society of Pediatric Allergy and Immunology

    2022  Volume 33 Suppl 27, Page(s) 65–68

    Abstract: Primary atopic disorders (PADs) are monogenic diseases characterized by allergy or atopy-related symptoms as fundamental features. In patients with PADs, primary immune deficiency and immune dysregulation symptoms are usually coexist. Chronic skin ... ...

    Abstract Primary atopic disorders (PADs) are monogenic diseases characterized by allergy or atopy-related symptoms as fundamental features. In patients with PADs, primary immune deficiency and immune dysregulation symptoms are usually coexist. Chronic skin disease, manifesting with erythroderma, severe atopic dermatitis or eczema, and urticaria, is one of the main features observed in PADs, such as hyper-IgE syndromes, Omenn syndrome, Wiskott-Aldrich syndrome, IPEX-linked syndrome, skin barrier disorders, as well as some autoinflammatory diseases. The recognition of PADs in the context of an allergic phenotype is crucial to ensure prompt diagnosis and appropriate treatment. This article provides an overview of the main PADs with skin involvement.
    MeSH term(s) Eczema ; Humans ; Hypersensitivity, Immediate ; Job Syndrome/genetics ; Skin Diseases ; Urticaria/diagnosis
    Language English
    Publishing date 2022-02-08
    Publishing country England
    Document type Journal Article ; Review
    ZDB-ID 1057059-7
    ISSN 1399-3038 ; 0905-6157 ; 0906-5784
    ISSN (online) 1399-3038
    ISSN 0905-6157 ; 0906-5784
    DOI 10.1111/pai.13633
    Database MEDical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System OnLINE

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