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Article ; Online: Acute Central Serous Chorioretinopathy Outbreak during the COVID-19 Pandemic: A Pilot Study.

Yahalomi, Tal / Pikkel, Yael Sara / Arnon, Roee / Kinori, Michael / Wood, Keren / Pikkel, Joseph

2024 Volume 60, Issue 1

Abstract: Background and ... ...

Abstract	Background and Objectives
MeSH term(s)	Humans ; COVID-19/epidemiology ; Pilot Projects ; Central Serous Chorioretinopathy/epidemiology ; Pandemics ; Retrospective Studies ; Disease Outbreaks ; Acute Disease
Language	English
Publishing date	2024-01-09
Publishing country	Switzerland
Document type	Journal Article
ZDB-ID	2188113-3
ISSN	1648-9144 ; 1010-660X
ISSN (online)	1648-9144
ISSN	1010-660X
DOI	10.3390/medicina60010122
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Article ; Online: Uncertainty, error and informed consent to challenge trials of COVID-19 vaccines: response to Steel

Keren, Arnon / Lev, Ori

Journal of medical ethics

2020 Volume 46, Issue 12, Page(s) 813–814

Abstract: In a recent article, Steel, Buchak and Eyal (SBE) argue that current levels of uncertainty do not present a good reason to bar controlled human infection (CHI) trials of COVID-19 vaccines from proceeding. We argue that their argumentation for this ... ...

Abstract	In a recent article, Steel, Buchak and Eyal (SBE) argue that current levels of uncertainty do not present a good reason to bar controlled human infection (CHI) trials of COVID-19 vaccines from proceeding. We argue that their argumentation for this conclusion is flawed. SBE are mistaken about the effects which different forms of ignorance have on participants' ability to provide valid informed consent. Decision-makers considering whether to allow such trials, we argue, must ultimately consider the likelihood that consent to participation in such trials under current conditions would be valid, and whether this likelihood is high enough to permit such trials. This is a question that SBE completely ignore. We conclude that there indeed are valid concerns about conducting CHI trials given the current state of knowledge about COVID-19, concerns which SBE fail to address.
MeSH term(s)	COVID-19/prevention & control ; COVID-19 Vaccines ; Clinical Trials as Topic ; Humans ; Informed Consent ; Pandemics ; SARS-CoV-2 ; Uncertainty
Chemical Substances	COVID-19 Vaccines
Keywords	covid19
Language	English
Publishing date	2020-09-08
Publishing country	England
Document type	Journal Article ; Comment
ZDB-ID	194927-5
ISSN	1473-4257 ; 0306-6800
ISSN (online)	1473-4257
ISSN	0306-6800
DOI	10.1136/medethics-2020-106793
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Article ; Online: Olfactory function in Susac syndrome.

Piura, Yoav / Karni, Arnon / Kolb, Hadar / Vigiser, Ifat / Regev, Keren

Clinical neurology and neurosurgery

2023 Volume 233, Page(s) 107909

Abstract: Objectives: Susac syndrome is a rare autoimmune endotheliopathy involving the brain, retina, and inner ear. Olfactory dysfunction is a common early manifestation of several central nervous system diseases, including neurodegenerative diseases and ... ...

Abstract	Objectives: Susac syndrome is a rare autoimmune endotheliopathy involving the brain, retina, and inner ear. Olfactory dysfunction is a common early manifestation of several central nervous system diseases, including neurodegenerative diseases and autoimmune-mediated diseases such as Multiple Sclerosis. While the literature is abundant about the Susac syndrome classic triad of encephalopathy, branch retinal artery occlusion, and low-frequency sensorineural hearing loss, little is known about the extent of olfactory sense involvement. Methods: Using the Sniffin' Sticks test, this study evaluated olfactory function (identification and threshold) in ten recovering Susac syndrome patients under our clinic surveillance with a median of 3.1 (SD=1.53) years post-disease onset. Results: olfactory assessment by threshold and odor identification were within the normal range. No differences between recovering Susac syndrome patients to standard norms of odor identification and threshold were found. Conclusions: Our findings do not support olfactory dysfunction in Susac syndrome and thereby, do not support olfactory assessment as a reliable biomarker for this condition.
Language	English
Publishing date	2023-07-20
Publishing country	Netherlands
Document type	Journal Article
ZDB-ID	193107-6
ISSN	1872-6968 ; 0303-8467
ISSN (online)	1872-6968
ISSN	0303-8467
DOI	10.1016/j.clineuro.2023.107909
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Article ; Online: A machine learning approach for stratifying risk for food allergies utilizing electronic medical record data.

Landau, Tamar / Gamrasni, Keren / Barlev, Yotam / Elizur, Arnon / Benor, Shira / Mimouni, Francis / Brandwein, Michael

Allergy

2023 Volume 79, Issue 2, Page(s) 499–502

MeSH term(s)	Humans ; Electronic Health Records ; Food Hypersensitivity/diagnosis ; Food Hypersensitivity/epidemiology ; Machine Learning
Language	English
Publishing date	2023-08-09
Publishing country	Denmark
Document type	Letter
ZDB-ID	391933-x
ISSN	1398-9995 ; 0105-4538
ISSN (online)	1398-9995
ISSN	0105-4538
DOI	10.1111/all.15839
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Uh III Zs.150: Show issues			Location: Je nach Verfügbarkeit (siehe Angabe bei Bestand) bis Jg. 2021: Bestellungen von Artikeln über das Online-Bestellformular ab Jg. 2022: Lesesaal (EG)
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Article ; Online: Real-World experience with efgartigimod in patients with myasthenia gravis.

Fuchs, Lior / Shelly, Shahar / Vigiser, Ifat / Kolb, Hadar / Regev, Keren / Schwartzmann, Yoel / Vaknin-Dembinsky, Adi / Dori, Amir / Karni, Arnon

Journal of neurology

2024

Abstract: Recommendations for the treatment of myasthenia gravis (MG) have been difficult to develop because of limited evidence from large randomized controlled trials. New drugs and treatment approaches have recently been shown to be effective in phase 3 studies ...

Abstract	Recommendations for the treatment of myasthenia gravis (MG) have been difficult to develop because of limited evidence from large randomized controlled trials. New drugs and treatment approaches have recently been shown to be effective in phase 3 studies in seropositive generalized (g) MG. One such drug is efgartigimod, a human-Fc-fragment of IgG1, with a high affinity for the endosomal FcRn. We conducted a multicenter study to evaluate the real-world clinical and safety effects of efgartigimod in 22 gMG patients. We evaluated the strategies for the timing of re-treatment with it. The participants received a total of 59 efgartigimod -treatment cycles. The median number of cycles was 2 (range 1-6). Twenty patients (86.3%) improved by at least 2 MG-ADL points after the first treatment cycle. The median MG-ADL score at baseline was 6.5 (range: 3-17) and 2.5 (range: 0-9) post-treatment (p < 0.001). A consistent improvement of at least 2 points in the MG-ADL score after each cycle occurs in 18 patients. The effect duration of the treatment was usually between 4 and 12 weeks. Two major clinical patterns of treatment response were found. Treatment with efgartigimod was also associated with significant reductions of prednisone doses Overall, the treatment was safe and associated with only minor adverse events. The single fatality was apparently due tosevere respiratory failure. We found that efgartigimod is clinically effective, may be used as a steroid sparing agent and is generally safe for gMG patients. We recommend a personalized preventive treatment approach until clinical stabilization, followed by discontinuation and periodic evaluations.
Language	English
Publishing date	2024-03-25
Publishing country	Germany
Document type	Journal Article
ZDB-ID	187050-6
ISSN	1432-1459 ; 0340-5354 ; 0012-1037 ; 0939-1517 ; 1619-800X
ISSN (online)	1432-1459
ISSN	0340-5354 ; 0012-1037 ; 0939-1517 ; 1619-800X
DOI	10.1007/s00415-024-12293-5
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Article ; Online: Gait and heart rate: do they measure trait or state physical fatigue in people with multiple sclerosis?

Galperin, Irina / Buzaglo, David / Gazit, Eran / Shimoni, Nathaniel / Tamir, Raz / Regev, Keren / Karni, Arnon / Hausdorff, Jeffrey M

Journal of neurology

2024

Abstract: Background: Trait and state physical fatigue (trait-PF and state-PF) negatively impact many people with multiple sclerosis (pwMS) but are challenging symptoms to measure. In this observational study, we explored the role of specific gait and autonomic ... ...

Abstract	Background: Trait and state physical fatigue (trait-PF and state-PF) negatively impact many people with multiple sclerosis (pwMS) but are challenging symptoms to measure. In this observational study, we explored the role of specific gait and autonomic nervous system (ANS) measures (i.e., heart rate, HR, r-r interval, R-R, HR variability, HRV) in trait-PF and state-PF. Methods: Forty-eight pwMS [42 ± 1.9 years, 65% female, EDSS 2 (IQR: 0-5.5)] completed the Timed Up and Go test (simple and with dual task, TUG-DT) and the 6-min walk test (6MWT). ANS measures were measured via a POLAR H10 strap. Gait was measured using inertial-measurement units (OPALs, APDM Inc). Trait-PF was evaluated via the Modified Fatigue Impact Scale (MFIS) motor component. State-PF was evaluated via a Visual Analog Scale (VAS) scale before and after the completion of the 6MWT. Multiple linear regression models identified trait-PF and state-PF predictors. Results: Both HR and gait metrics were associated with trait-PF and state-PF. HRV at rest was associated only with state-PF. In models based on the first 3 min of the 6MWT, double support (%) and cadence explained 47% of the trait-PF variance; % change in R-R explained 43% of the state-PF variance. Models based on resting R-R and TUG-DT explained 39% of the state-PF. Discussion: These findings demonstrate that specific gait measures better capture trait-PF, while ANS metrics better capture state-PF. To capture both physical fatigue aspects, the first 3 min of the 6MWT are sufficient. Alternatively, TUG-DT and ANS rest metrics can be used for state-PF prediction in pwMS when the 6MWT is not feasible.
Language	English
Publishing date	2024-05-02
Publishing country	Germany
Document type	Journal Article
ZDB-ID	187050-6
ISSN	1432-1459 ; 0340-5354 ; 0012-1037 ; 0939-1517 ; 1619-800X
ISSN (online)	1432-1459
ISSN	0340-5354 ; 0012-1037 ; 0939-1517 ; 1619-800X
DOI	10.1007/s00415-024-12339-8
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Article ; Online: Kitcher on Well-Ordered Science

Arnon Keren

Theoria, Vol 28, Iss 2, Pp 233-

Should Science Be Measured against the Outcomes of Ideal Democratic Deliberation?

2013 Volume 244

Abstract: What should the goals of scientific inquiry be? What questions should scientists investigate, and how should our resources be distributed between different lines of investigation? Philip Kitcher has suggested that we should answer these questions by ... ...

Abstract	What should the goals of scientific inquiry be? What questions should scientists investigate, and how should our resources be distributed between different lines of investigation? Philip Kitcher has suggested that we should answer these questions by appealing to an ideal based on the consideration of hypothetical democratic deliberations under ideal circumstances. The paper argues that we have no reason to adopt this ideal. The paper examines both traditional arguments for democracy and Kitcher's own reasons for adopting this ideal, as presented in Kitcher (2001) and in Kitcher (2011b), and argues that none of these supports adoption of Kitcher's proposed ideal.
Keywords	Philip Kitcher ; Democracy ; Science ; Philosophy of Science ; Philosophy (General) ; B1-5802
Language	English
Publishing date	2013-05-01T00:00:00Z
Publisher	University of the Basque Country
Document type	Article ; Online
Database	BASE - Bielefeld Academic Search Engine (life sciences selection)

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Article ; Online: Uncertainty, error and informed consent to challenge trials of COVID-19 vaccines

Keren, Arnon / Lev, Ori

Journal of Medical Ethics

response to Steel et al

2020 , Page(s) medethics–2020–106793

Abstract	In a recent article, Steel, Buchak and Eyal (SBE) argue that current levels of uncertainty do not present a good reason to bar controlled human infection (CHI) trials of COVID-19 vaccines from proceeding. We argue that their argumentation for this conclusion is flawed. SBE are mistaken about the effects which different forms of ignorance have on participants’ ability to provide valid informed consent. Decision-makers considering whether to allow such trials, we argue, must ultimately consider the likelihood that consent to participation in such trials under current conditions would be valid, and whether this likelihood is high enough to permit such trials. This is a question that SBE completely ignore. We conclude that there indeed are valid concerns about conducting CHI trials given the current state of knowledge about COVID-19, concerns which SBE fail to address.
Keywords	Health Policy ; Arts and Humanities (miscellaneous) ; Issues, ethics and legal aspects ; Health(social science) ; covid19
Language	English
Publisher	BMJ
Publishing country	uk
Document type	Article ; Online
ZDB-ID	194927-5
ISSN	1473-4257 ; 0306-6800
ISSN (online)	1473-4257
ISSN	0306-6800
DOI	10.1136/medethics-2020-106793
Database	BASE - Bielefeld Academic Search Engine (life sciences selection)

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Article: Uncertainty, error and informed consent to challenge trials of COVID-19 vaccines: response to Steel et al

Keren, Arnon / Lev, Ori

J. med. ethics

Abstract	In a recent article, Steel, Buchak and Eyal (SBE) argue that current levels of uncertainty do not present a good reason to bar controlled human infection (CHI) trials of COVID-19 vaccines from proceeding. We argue that their argumentation for this conclusion is flawed. SBE are mistaken about the effects which different forms of ignorance have on participants' ability to provide valid informed consent. Decision-makers considering whether to allow such trials, we argue, must ultimately consider the likelihood that consent to participation in such trials under current conditions would be valid, and whether this likelihood is high enough to permit such trials. This is a question that SBE completely ignore. We conclude that there indeed are valid concerns about conducting CHI trials given the current state of knowledge about COVID-19, concerns which SBE fail to address.
Keywords	covid19
Publisher	WHO
Document type	Article
Note	WHO #Covidence: #751473
Database	COVID19

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Article ; Online: Smartphone-based gait assessment for multiple sclerosis.

Regev, Keren / Eren, Noa / Yekutieli, Ziv / Karlinski, Keren / Massri, Ashraf / Vigiser, Ifat / Kolb, Hadar / Piura, Yoav / Karni, Arnon

Multiple sclerosis and related disorders

2023 Volume 82, Page(s) 105394

Abstract: Introduction: Multiple Sclerosis causes gait alteration, even in the early stages of the disease. Traditional methods to quantify gait impairment, such as performance-based measures, lab-based motion analyses, and self-report, have limited ecological ... ...

Abstract	Introduction: Multiple Sclerosis causes gait alteration, even in the early stages of the disease. Traditional methods to quantify gait impairment, such as performance-based measures, lab-based motion analyses, and self-report, have limited ecological relevance. The Mon4t® app is a digital tool that uses sensors embedded in standard smartphones to measure various gait parameters. Objectives: To evaluate the use of Mon4t® technology in monitoring MS patients. Methods: 100 MS patients and age-matched healthy controls were evaluated using both a human rater and the Mon4t Clinic™ app. Three motor tasks were performed: 3m Timed up and go test (TUG), 10m TUG, and tandem walk. The digital markers were used to compare MS vs. HC, MS with EDSS=0 vs. HC, and MS with EDSS=0 vs. MS with EDSS>0. Within the MS EDSS>0 group, correlations between digital gait markers and the EDSS score were calculated. Results: Significant differences were found between MS patients and HC in multiple gait parameters. When comparing MS patients with minimal disability (EDSS=0) and HC: On the 3m TUG task, MS patients took longer to complete the task (mean difference 0.167seconds, p =0.034), took more steps (mean difference 1.32 steps, p =0.003), and had a weaker ML step-to-step correlation (mean difference 0.1, p = 0.001). The combination of features from the three motor tasks allowed distinguishing a nondisabled MS patient from a HC with high confidence (AUC of 85.65 on the ROC). When comparing MS patients with minimal disability (EDSS=0) to those with higher disability (EDSS>0): On the tandem walk task, patients with EDSS>0 took significantly longer to complete 10 steps than those with EDSS=0 (mean difference 4.63 seconds, p < 0.001), showed greater ML sway (mean difference 0.2, p < 0.001), and had larger angular velocity in the SI axis on average (mean difference 2.31 degrees/sec, p = 0.01). A classification model achieved 81.79 ROC AUC. In the subgroup of patients with EDSS>0, gait features significantly correlated with EDSS score in all three tasks. Conclusion: The findings demonstrate the potential of digital gait assessment to augment traditional disease monitoring and support clinical decision making. The Mon4t® app provides a convenient and ecologically relevant tool for monitoring MS patients and detecting early changes in gait impairment.
MeSH term(s)	Humans ; Multiple Sclerosis/complications ; Multiple Sclerosis/diagnosis ; Smartphone ; Postural Balance ; Disability Evaluation ; Time and Motion Studies ; Gait
Language	English
Publishing date	2023-12-20
Publishing country	Netherlands
Document type	Journal Article
ZDB-ID	2645330-7
ISSN	2211-0356 ; 2211-0348
ISSN (online)	2211-0356
ISSN	2211-0348
DOI	10.1016/j.msard.2023.105394
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