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Article ; Online: Guan Xin Dan Shen formulation protects

Zhang, Bin / Zhang, Chen-Yang / Zhang, Xue-Lian / Sun, Gui-Bo / Sun, Xiao-Bo

2021 Volume 24, Issue 1

Abstract: Guan Xin Dan Shen formulation (GXDSF) is a widely used treatment for the management ...

Abstract	Guan Xin Dan Shen formulation (GXDSF) is a widely used treatment for the management of coronary heart disease in China and is composed of three primary components:
MeSH term(s)	Animals ; Apoptosis/drug effects ; Body Weight/drug effects ; Cardiomegaly/etiology ; Cardiomegaly/metabolism ; Cardiomegaly/pathology ; Cardiomegaly/prevention & control ; Cardiotonic Agents/pharmacology ; Cardiotonic Agents/therapeutic use ; Diabetes Mellitus, Experimental/complications ; Diabetes Mellitus, Experimental/metabolism ; Diabetic Cardiomyopathies/etiology ; Diabetic Cardiomyopathies/metabolism ; Diabetic Cardiomyopathies/pathology ; Diabetic Cardiomyopathies/prevention & control ; Drugs, Chinese Herbal/pharmacology ; Drugs, Chinese Herbal/therapeutic use ; Insulin Resistance ; Lipids/blood ; Male ; Mice, Inbred Strains ; Mice, Transgenic ; NF-E2-Related Factor 2/metabolism ; Proto-Oncogene Proteins c-akt/metabolism ; Signal Transduction/drug effects ; Mice
Chemical Substances	Cardiotonic Agents ; Drugs, Chinese Herbal ; Lipids ; NF-E2-Related Factor 2 ; Nfe2l2 protein, mouse ; Proto-Oncogene Proteins c-akt (EC 2.7.11.1)
Language	English
Publishing date	2021-05-26
Publishing country	Greece
Document type	Journal Article
ZDB-ID	2469505-1
ISSN	1791-3004 ; 1791-2997
ISSN (online)	1791-3004
ISSN	1791-2997
DOI	10.3892/mmr.2021.12170
Database	MEDical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System OnLINE

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Article ; Online: Pharmacokinetics, hepatic disposition, and heart tissue distribution of 14 compounds in rat after oral administration of Qi-Li-Qiang-Xin capsule via ultra-high-performance liquid chromatography coupled with triple quadrupole tandem mass spectrometry.

Tang, Xi-Yang / Dai, Zi-Qin / Zeng, Jia-Xing / Li, Zi-Ting / Fan, Cai-Lian / Yao, Zhi-Hong / Yao, Xin-Sheng / Dai, Yi

Journal of separation science

2022 Volume 45, Issue 13, Page(s) 2177–2189

Abstract: ... compounds after the oral administration of Qi-Li-Qiang-Xin capsule. Ginsenoside Rb1, alisol A, astragaloside ... of Qi-Li-Qiang-Xin capsule. ...

Abstract	In the present study, a specific and sensitive approach using ultra-high-performance liquid chromatography coupled with triple quadrupole tandem mass spectrometry was developed and validated for the quantitative analysis of 14 constituents in rat plasma, liver, and heart. The method was fully validated and successfully applied to pharmacokinetic, hepatic disposition, and heart tissue distribution studies of 14 compounds after the oral administration of Qi-Li-Qiang-Xin capsule. Ginsenoside Rb1, alisol A, astragaloside IV, and periplocymarin were found to be highly exposed in rat plasma, while toxic components such as hypaconitine, mesaconitine, and periplocin had low circulation levels in vivo. Moreover, sinapine thiocyanate, neoline, formononetin, calycosin, and alisol A exhibited significant liver first-pass effects. Notably, high levels of alisol A, periplocymarin, benzoylmesaconine, and benzoylhypaconine were observed in the heart. Based on high exposure and appropriate pharmacokinetic features in the systemic plasma and heart, astragaloside IV, ginsenoside Rb1, periplocymarin, benzoylmesaconine, benzoylhypaconine, and alisol A can be considered as the main potentially effective components. Ultimately, the results provide relevant information for discovery of effective substances, as well as further anti-heart failure action mechanism investigations of Qi-Li-Qiang-Xin capsule.
MeSH term(s)	Administration, Oral ; Animals ; Chromatography, High Pressure Liquid/methods ; Drugs, Chinese Herbal/analysis ; Liver/chemistry ; Rats ; Tandem Mass Spectrometry/methods ; Tissue Distribution
Chemical Substances	Drugs, Chinese Herbal
Language	English
Publishing date	2022-05-03
Publishing country	Germany
Document type	Journal Article
ZDB-ID	2047990-6
ISSN	1615-9314 ; 1615-9306
ISSN (online)	1615-9314
ISSN	1615-9306
DOI	10.1002/jssc.202101008
Database	MEDical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System OnLINE

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Article ; Online: Protective effect of Xin-Ji-Er-Kang on cardiovascular remodeling in high-salt induced hypertensive mice: Role ofoxidative stress and endothelial dysfunction.

Wang, Xiao-Yun / Huang, Guang-Yao / Lian, Feng-Zhen / Pan, Ming / Ruan, Cheng-Shao / Ling, Xin-Xin / Chen, Mei-Ling / Shen, Ai-Zong / Gao, Shan

Biomedicine & pharmacotherapy = Biomedecine & pharmacotherapie

2019 Volume 115, Page(s) 108937

Abstract: Background: Xin-Ji-Er-Kang (XJEK) is a Chinese herbal formula that has beenreported to exert ...

Abstract	Background: Xin-Ji-Er-Kang (XJEK) is a Chinese herbal formula that has beenreported to exert effective protection against cardiovascular diseases, such as hypertension and myocarditis. Objective: The aim of the present study was to investigate the effect of XJEK on high-salt-induced hypertensive mice and its possible mechanism. Methods: The model of hypertension was established through a high-salt diet. Sixty male Kunming mice were randomized into six groups, namely the Control, Model, Low-dose XJEK, Middle-dose XJEK, High-dose XJEK and Fosinopril groups (n=10 per group). Different steady interventions were given to each group: 0.9% Sodium chloride was added to the diet of the Control group and 8% sodium chloride to the diet of the other five groups from the very beginning. An additional 4, 8 and 12 g/kg/day XJEK were intragastrically administered to the Low-dose, Middle-dose and High-dose XJEK groups, respectively, and 2 mg/kg/day fosinopril to the fosinopril group, from the start of week 5. Systolic blood pressure (SBP) was measured weekly from weeks 1 to 8 using the tail-cuff method. At the end of week 8, left ventricular (LV) systolic pressure, LV end-diastolic pressure and rate of rise of LV pressure were examined using a TransonicScisense catheter (Transonic Systems Inc,Ithaca, NY,USA). Endothelium-dependent relaxations induced by acetylcholine were observed in an isolated thoracic aorta ring. Serum and heartsweresampled for the measurement of the following indexes:Serum nitric oxide (NO), superoxide dismutase (SOD) activity and malondialdehyde (MDA) content (determined by colorimetricanalysis); serum angiotensin II(Ang II), endothelin-1, endothelial NO synthase (eNOS), asymmetric dimethylarginine (ADMA), tetrahydrobiopterin (BH Results: Statistical data showed that the HW/BW ratio was significantly decreased in the drug treatment group. XJEK treatment could improve the heart systolic and diastolic function and ameliorate hemodynamic parameters and vascular remodeling indexes. Colorimetric results showed that, compared with the model group, XJEK increased serum SOD, NOlevels, and decreased those of serum MDA and Ang II. XJEK reverted changes in cardiac pathology, decreased the myocardial cross-sectional area, collagen volume fraction and perivascular collagen area and improved endothelial dysfunction (ED) by promoting eNOS activity, enhancing NO bioavailability, increasing the expression of BH Conclusion: In conclusion, XJEK mitigates cardiac remodeling in high-salt-induced hypertensive mice. The potential mechanism involves improved oxidative stress and endothelial dysfunction, independently of ameliorating BP.
MeSH term(s)	Animals ; Blood Pressure/drug effects ; Disease Models, Animal ; Dose-Response Relationship, Drug ; Drugs, Chinese Herbal/therapeutic use ; Endothelium, Vascular/drug effects ; Endothelium, Vascular/physiopathology ; Hypertension/drug therapy ; Hypertension/etiology ; Hypertension/physiopathology ; Male ; Mice, Inbred Strains ; Oxidative Stress/drug effects ; Sodium Chloride, Dietary/adverse effects ; Vascular Remodeling/drug effects ; Ventricular Remodeling/drug effects
Chemical Substances	Drugs, Chinese Herbal ; Sodium Chloride, Dietary ; xin-ji-er-kang
Language	English
Publishing date	2019-05-09
Publishing country	France
Document type	Journal Article
ZDB-ID	392415-4
ISSN	1950-6007 ; 0753-3322 ; 0300-0893
ISSN (online)	1950-6007
ISSN	0753-3322 ; 0300-0893
DOI	10.1016/j.biopha.2019.108937
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Article ; Online: Xin-Ji-Er-Kang ameliorates kidney injury following myocardial infarction by inhibiting oxidative stress via Nrf2/HO-1 pathway in rats.

Lian, Feng-Zhen / Cheng, Pan / Ruan, Cheng-Shao / Ling, Xin-Xin / Wang, Xiao-Yun / Pan, Ming / Chen, Mei-Ling / Shen, Ai-Zong / Gao, Shan

Biomedicine & pharmacotherapy = Biomedecine & pharmacotherapie

2019 Volume 117, Page(s) 109124

Abstract: ... to investigate the effects of Xin-Ji-Er-Kang (XJEK) on kidney injury and renal oxidative stress. In addition ...

Abstract	Aim: Cardiovascular diseases, such as coronary heart disease and myocardial infarction (MI) are currently considered as the leading causes of death and disability. The aim of the present study is to investigate the effects of Xin-Ji-Er-Kang (XJEK) on kidney injury and renal oxidative stress. In addition, the associated mechanism involved in these processes was examined in an MI model, and particularly focused on the nuclear factor erythroid 2-related factor (NRF2)/heme oxygenase-1 (HO-1) pathway. Materials and methods: A total of 138 Sprague-Dawley rats were used in the present study. The control group was designated as 0 wk (n = 8). A total of 3 phases (2, 4, 6 wk) of administration were used in the sham-operated groups (sham, n = 10), MI groups (MI, n = 10), MI + XJEK groups (XJEK, n = 10) and MI + fosinopril groups (fosinopril, n = 10). Additional 10 rats were used to evaluate the infarct area. At 2, 4 or 6 wk post-MI, the hemodynamic parameters were monitored, the rats were sacrificed, then blood, heart and renal tissues were collected for furtherly analysis. Results: The results indicated that XJEK administration continuously ameliorated renal hypertrophy index, blood urea nitrogen and cystatin C concentrations. XJEK further improved post-MI cardiac function by limiting scar formation and caused a downregulation in the hemodynamic parameters at the end of 2 and 4 wk. The hemodynamic parameters were upregulated after 6 wk treatment with XJEKcompared with those noted in the MI groups. Similarly, XJEK treatment for 2 wk potentiated Nrf2 nuclear translocation and HO-1 expression and inhibited the deficiency of nuclear Nrf2 and HO-1 at 6 wk post-MI compared with that of the MI groups, indicating the attenuation of the renal oxidative stress condition. The levels of malondialdehyde and angiotensin II (Ang II) in plasma and renal tissues, as well as the levels of aldosterone, 8-hydroxydeoxyguanosine, angiotensin II type 1 receptor and NADPH Oxidase-4 in the kidney tissue significantly decreased following XJEK treatment for 6 wk. In addition, the XJEK treatment groups revealed a significant upregulation in the activity of superoxide dismutase and in the total antioxidant capacity activity compared with those noted in the corresponding MI groups. Conclusion: These results demonstrated that progressive nephropathy in MI rats was associated with intrarenal activation of the renin-angiotensin-aldosterone system. Concomitantly, this process was associated with oxidative stress and impaired Nrf2 activation. The improvement in the severity of nephropathy by XJEK in this model may be associated with the reversal of these abnormalities.
MeSH term(s)	Angiotensin II/metabolism ; Animals ; Blood Urea Nitrogen ; Cystatin C/metabolism ; DNA Damage ; Down-Regulation/drug effects ; Drugs, Chinese Herbal/pharmacology ; Heme Oxygenase-1/metabolism ; Hemodynamics/drug effects ; Kidney/drug effects ; Kidney/injuries ; Kidney/pathology ; Kidney/physiopathology ; Myocardial Infarction/blood ; Myocardial Infarction/complications ; Myocardial Infarction/physiopathology ; NADPH Oxidase 4/metabolism ; NF-E2-Related Factor 2/metabolism ; Organ Size/drug effects ; Oxidative Stress/drug effects ; Rats, Sprague-Dawley ; Receptor, Angiotensin, Type 1/metabolism ; Signal Transduction/drug effects
Chemical Substances	Cystatin C ; Drugs, Chinese Herbal ; NF-E2-Related Factor 2 ; Receptor, Angiotensin, Type 1 ; xin-ji-er-kang ; Angiotensin II (11128-99-7) ; Heme Oxygenase-1 (EC 1.14.14.18) ; NADPH Oxidase 4 (EC 1.6.3.-) ; Nox4 protein, rat (EC 1.6.3.-)
Language	English
Publishing date	2019-06-19
Publishing country	France
Document type	Journal Article
ZDB-ID	392415-4
ISSN	1950-6007 ; 0753-3322 ; 0300-0893
ISSN (online)	1950-6007
ISSN	0753-3322 ; 0300-0893
DOI	10.1016/j.biopha.2019.109124
Database	MEDical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System OnLINE

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Article: Pharmacokinetics, hepatic disposition, and heart tissue distribution of 14 compounds in rat after oral administration of Qi‐Li‐Qiang‐Xin capsule via ultra‐high‐performance liquid chromatography coupled with triple quadrupole tandem mass spectrometry

Tang, Xi‐Yang / Dai, Zi‐Qin / Zeng, Jia‐Xing / Li, Zi‐Ting / Fan, Cai‐Lian / Yao, Zhi‐Hong / Yao, Xin‐Sheng / Dai, Yi

Journal of separation science. 2022 July, v. 45, no. 13

2022

Abstract: ... compounds after the oral administration of Qi‐Li‐Qiang‐Xin capsule. Ginsenoside Rb1, alisol A, astragaloside ... of Qi‐Li‐Qiang‐Xin capsule. ...

Abstract	In the present study, a specific and sensitive approach using ultra‐high‐performance liquid chromatography coupled with triple quadrupole tandem mass spectrometry was developed and validated for the quantitative analysis of 14 constituents in rat plasma, liver, and heart. The method was fully validated and successfully applied to pharmacokinetic, hepatic disposition, and heart tissue distribution studies of 14 compounds after the oral administration of Qi‐Li‐Qiang‐Xin capsule. Ginsenoside Rb1, alisol A, astragaloside IV, and periplocymarin were found to be highly exposed in rat plasma, while toxic components such as hypaconitine, mesaconitine, and periplocin had low circulation levels in vivo. Moreover, sinapine thiocyanate, neoline, formononetin, calycosin, and alisol A exhibited significant liver first‐pass effects. Notably, high levels of alisol A, periplocymarin, benzoylmesaconine, and benzoylhypaconine were observed in the heart. Based on high exposure and appropriate pharmacokinetic features in the systemic plasma and heart, astragaloside IV, ginsenoside Rb1, periplocymarin, benzoylmesaconine, benzoylhypaconine, and alisol A can be considered as the main potentially effective components. Ultimately, the results provide relevant information for discovery of effective substances, as well as further anti‐heart failure action mechanism investigations of Qi‐Li‐Qiang‐Xin capsule.
Keywords	astragalosides ; formononetin ; ginsenosides ; heart ; liver ; oral administration ; pharmacokinetics ; quantitative analysis ; rats ; separation ; sinapine ; tandem mass spectrometry ; thiocyanates ; tissue distribution ; toxicity ; ultra-performance liquid chromatography
Language	English
Dates of publication	2022-07
Size	p. 2177-2189.
Publishing place	John Wiley & Sons, Ltd
Document type	Article
Note	JOURNAL ARTICLE
ZDB-ID	2047990-6
ISSN	1615-9314 ; 1615-9306
ISSN (online)	1615-9314
ISSN	1615-9306
DOI	10.1002/jssc.202101008
Database	NAL-Catalogue (AGRICOLA)

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Article ; Online: Xin-Ji-Er-Kang Alleviates Myocardial Infarction-Induced Cardiovascular Remodeling in Rats by Inhibiting Endothelial Dysfunction.

Cheng, Pan / Lian, Feng-Zhen / Wang, Xiao-Yun / Cai, Guo-Wei / Huang, Guang-Yao / Chen, Mei-Ling / Shen, Ai-Zong / Gao, Shan

BioMed research international

2019 Volume 2019, Page(s) 4794082

Abstract: The present study was designed to elucidate the beneficial effects of XJEK on myocardial infarction (MI) in rats, especially through the amelioration of endothelial dysfunction (ED). 136 Sprague-Dawley rats were randomized into 13 groups: control group ... ...

Abstract	The present study was designed to elucidate the beneficial effects of XJEK on myocardial infarction (MI) in rats, especially through the amelioration of endothelial dysfunction (ED). 136 Sprague-Dawley rats were randomized into 13 groups: control group for 0wk (
MeSH term(s)	Animals ; Drugs, Chinese Herbal/pharmacology ; Endothelium, Vascular/metabolism ; Endothelium, Vascular/pathology ; Endothelium, Vascular/physiopathology ; Male ; Myocardial Infarction/drug therapy ; Myocardial Infarction/metabolism ; Myocardial Infarction/pathology ; Myocardial Infarction/physiopathology ; Rats ; Rats, Sprague-Dawley ; Vascular Remodeling/drug effects ; Ventricular Remodeling/drug effects
Chemical Substances	Drugs, Chinese Herbal ; xin-ji-er-kang
Language	English
Publishing date	2019-06-25
Publishing country	United States
Document type	Journal Article
ZDB-ID	2698540-8
ISSN	2314-6141 ; 2314-6133
ISSN (online)	2314-6141
ISSN	2314-6133
DOI	10.1155/2019/4794082
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Article ; Online: Systematic screening and characterization of Qi-Li-Qiang-Xin capsule-related xenobiotics in rats by ultra-performance liquid chromatography coupled with quadrupole time-of-flight tandem mass spectrometry.

Yun, Wei-Jing / Yao, Zhi-Hong / Fan, Cai-Lian / Qin, Zi-Fei / Tang, Xi-Yang / Gao, Meng-Xue / Dai, Yi / Yao, Xin-Sheng

Journal of chromatography. B, Analytical technologies in the biomedical and life sciences

2018 Volume 1090, Page(s) 56–64

Abstract: Qi-Li-Qiang-Xin capsule (QLQX), a well-known traditional Chinese medicine prescription (TCMP), is ...

Abstract	Qi-Li-Qiang-Xin capsule (QLQX), a well-known traditional Chinese medicine prescription (TCMP), is consisted of eleven commonly used herbal medicines, has been widely used for the treatment of chronic heart failure (CHF). However, the absorbed components and related metabolites after oral administration of QLQX are still remaining unknown. In the present work, a reliable and effective method using ultra performance liquid chromatography coupled with quadrupole time-of-flight tandem mass spectrometry (UPLC/Q-TOF-MS) was established to identify QLQX-related xenobiotics in rats. Based on a representative structure based homologous xenobiotics identification (RSBHXI) strategy, a total of eleven compounds (salvianolic acid B, formononetin, benzoylmesaconine, alisol A, sinapine thiocyanate, naringin, tanshinone IIA, ginsenoside Rg1, ginsenoside Rb1, astragaloside IV and periplocin), bearing different chemical core structures, were selected and investigated for their metabolism in vivo. And then, comprehensive metabolic profiles of the holistic multi-ingredients in QLQX were achieved. As a result, a total of 121 QLQX-related xenobiotics (47 prototypes and 74 metabolites) were identified or tentatively characterized, among them eight prototypes (mesaconine, hypaconine, songorine, fuziline, neoline, talatizamine formononetin, neocryptotanshinone) and two metabolites (calycosin-gluA, formononetin-guA) were relatively the main existing xenobiotics exposed in blood. All absorbed prototype constituents were mainly from six composed herbal medicines (Aconiti lateralis radix, Astragali radix, Ginseng radix, Alismatis rhizoma, Salvia miltiorrhiza radix, Periploca cortex). The main metabolic reactions were methylation, hydrogenation, hydroxylation, oxidization, sulfation and glucuronidation. This is the first study on in vivo metabolism of QLQX. These results enabled us to focus on several high exposure ingredients in the discovery of effective substances of QLQX, however further pharmacokinetic study on these QLQX-related xenobiotics are needed to be carried out.
MeSH term(s)	Animals ; Chromatography, High Pressure Liquid/methods ; Drugs, Chinese Herbal/analysis ; Drugs, Chinese Herbal/chemistry ; Drugs, Chinese Herbal/metabolism ; Drugs, Chinese Herbal/pharmacokinetics ; Feces/chemistry ; Male ; Rats ; Rats, Sprague-Dawley ; Tandem Mass Spectrometry/methods ; Xenobiotics/analysis ; Xenobiotics/chemistry ; Xenobiotics/metabolism ; Xenobiotics/pharmacokinetics
Chemical Substances	Drugs, Chinese Herbal ; Xenobiotics ; qiliqiangxin
Language	English
Publishing date	2018-07-15
Publishing country	Netherlands
Document type	Journal Article
ZDB-ID	1180823-8
ISSN	1873-376X ; 0378-4347 ; 1570-0232 ; 1387-2273
ISSN (online)	1873-376X
ISSN	0378-4347 ; 1570-0232 ; 1387-2273
DOI	10.1016/j.jchromb.2018.05.014
Database	MEDical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System OnLINE

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Article ; Online: Effects of Xin-Ji-Er-Kang on heart failure induced by myocardial infarction: Role of inflammation, oxidative stress and endothelial dysfunction.

Hu, Juan / Cheng, Pan / Huang, Guang-Yao / Cai, Guo-Wei / Lian, Feng-Zhen / Wang, Xiao-Yun / Gao, Shan

Phytomedicine : international journal of phytotherapy and phytopharmacology

2018 Volume 42, Page(s) 245–257

Abstract: Background: Xin-Ji-Er-Kang (XJEK) is a Chinese herbal formula, which has been reported to exert ...

Abstract	Background: Xin-Ji-Er-Kang (XJEK) is a Chinese herbal formula, which has been reported to exert effective protection on cardiovascular diseases like hypertension and myocarditis. Purpose: To elucidate the protective effects of XJEK on heart failure (HF) induced by myocardial infarction (MI) through the amelioration of inflammation, oxidative stress (OS) and endothelial dysfunction(ED). Materials and methods: Fifty-seven male KM mice were randomized into the following six groups (n = 9-10 for each): control group, model group, MI+XJEK low dose group(XJEKL) group, MI+XJEK middle dose group(XJEKM), MI+XJEK high dose group(XJEKH), and MI+fosinopril group (positive control group). After treatment for four weeks, electrocardiography (ECG) and haemodynamics were recorded. Serum and tissues were collected for further analysis. Endothelium-dependent relaxation induced by acetylcholine was assessed in isolated thoracic aorta ring experiment. Hematoxylin and eosin (HE) and Van Gieson (VG) staining were used to detect the pathological changes of heart and thoracic aorta. Colorimetric analysis was employed to determine serum nitric oxide level (NO), malondialdehyde (MDA) concentration and superoxide dismutase (SOD) activity. ELISA was used to detect serum B-type natriuretic peptide (BNP) and serum inflammatory cytokines, as well as endothelial NO synthetase (eNOS), angiotensinII (Ang II) and endothelin-1(ET-1) concentration in both serum and cardiac tissues. Immunohistochemistry and Western blotting (WB) were employed to detect eNOS and inflammatory cytokine expressions in cardiac tissues. Results: XJEK administration markedly ameliorated cardiac dysfunction and abnormal ECG manifested by decreased weight/body weight (HW/BW) ratio, BNP and remedied hypertrophy of cardiomyocytes and deposition of collagen, which might be in part attributed to the increased SOD and decreased MDA in serum. Furthermore, XJEK administration improved ED with boosted eNOS activities in serum and cardiac tissues, as well as up-regulated NO levels in serum, down-regulated Ang II and ET-1 content in serum and cardiac tissues. Lastly, protein expression of pro-inflammation cytokines significantly decreased, and anti-inflammatory cytokine was significantly enhanced in serum and cardiac tissues compared to model group. Conclusion: XJEK may exert beneficial effects on HF induced by MI in mice, and the underlying mechanism may be attributable to the amelioration of ED, anti-OS and anti-inflammation effects.
MeSH term(s)	Animals ; Anti-Inflammatory Agents, Non-Steroidal/pharmacology ; Cardiotonic Agents/pharmacology ; Drugs, Chinese Herbal/administration & dosage ; Drugs, Chinese Herbal/pharmacology ; Electrocardiography ; Endothelium, Vascular/drug effects ; Endothelium, Vascular/physiopathology ; Heart/drug effects ; Heart Failure/etiology ; Heart Failure/prevention & control ; Male ; Malondialdehyde/metabolism ; Mice ; Myocardial Infarction/complications ; Myocardial Infarction/metabolism ; Myocardial Infarction/mortality ; Myocarditis/drug therapy ; Myocarditis/physiopathology ; Nitric Oxide/metabolism ; Nitric Oxide Synthase Type III/metabolism ; Oxidative Stress/drug effects
Chemical Substances	Anti-Inflammatory Agents, Non-Steroidal ; Cardiotonic Agents ; Drugs, Chinese Herbal ; xin-ji-er-kang ; Nitric Oxide (31C4KY9ESH) ; Malondialdehyde (4Y8F71G49Q) ; Nitric Oxide Synthase Type III (EC 1.14.13.39) ; Nos3 protein, mouse (EC 1.14.13.39)
Language	English
Publishing date	2018-03-19
Publishing country	Germany
Document type	Journal Article
ZDB-ID	1205240-1
ISSN	1618-095X ; 0944-7113
ISSN (online)	1618-095X
ISSN	0944-7113
DOI	10.1016/j.phymed.2018.03.036
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Article ; Online: Xin-Ji-Er-Kang Alleviates Myocardial Infarction-Induced Cardiovascular Remodeling in Rats by Inhibiting Endothelial Dysfunction

Pan Cheng / Feng-zhen Lian / Xiao-yun Wang / Guo-wei Cai / Guang-yao Huang / Mei-ling Chen / Ai-zong Shen / Shan Gao

BioMed Research International, Vol

2019 Volume 2019

Abstract	The present study was designed to elucidate the beneficial effects of XJEK on myocardial infarction (MI) in rats, especially through the amelioration of endothelial dysfunction (ED). 136 Sprague-Dawley rats were randomized into 13 groups: control group for 0wk (n = 8); sham groups for 2, 4, and 6 weeks (wk); MI groups for 2, 4, and 6 wk; MI+XJEK groups for 2, 4, and 6w k; MI+Fosinopril groups for 2, 4, and 6 wk (n = 8~10). In addition, 8 rats were treated for Evans blue staining and Tetrazolium chloride (TTC) staining to determine the infarct size. Cardiac function, ECG, and cardiac morphological changes were examined. Colorimetric analysis was employed to detect nitric oxide (NO), and enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) was applied to determine N-terminal probrain natriuretic peptide (NT-ProBNP), endothelin-1 (ET-1), angiotensin II (Ang II), asymmetric dimethylarginine (ADMA), tetrahydrobiopterin (BH4), and endothelial NO synthase (eNOS) content. The total eNOS and eNOS dimer/(dimer+monomer) ratios in cardiac tissues were detected by Western blot. We found that administration of XJEK markedly ameliorated cardiovascular remodeling (CR), which was manifested by decreased HW/BW ratio, CSA, and less collagen deposition after MI. XJEK administration also improved cardiac function by significant inhibition of the increased hemodynamic parameters in the early stage and by suppression of the decreased hemodynamic parameters later on. XJEK also continuously suppressed the increased NT-ProBNP content in the serum of MI rats. XJEK improved ED with stimulated eNOS activities, as well as upregulated NO levels, BH4 content, and eNOS dimer/(dimer+monomer) ratio in the cardiac tissues. XJEK downregulated ET-1, Ang II, and ADMA content obviously compared to sham group. In conclusion, XJEK may exert the protective effects on MI rats and could continuously ameliorate ED and reverse CR with the progression of MI over time.
Keywords	Medicine ; R
Subject code	630
Language	English
Publishing date	2019-01-01T00:00:00Z
Publisher	Hindawi Limited
Document type	Article ; Online
Database	BASE - Bielefeld Academic Search Engine (life sciences selection)

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Article: Systematic screening and characterization of Qi-Li-Qiang-Xin capsule-related xenobiotics in rats by ultra-performance liquid chromatography coupled with quadrupole time-of-flight tandem mass spectrometry

Yun, Wei-jing / Dai, Yi / Fan, Cai-lian / Gao, Meng-xue / Qin, Zi-fei / Tang, Xi-yang / Yao, Xin-sheng / Yao, Zhi-hong

Journal of chromatography. 2018 July 15, v. 1090

2018

Abstract: Qi-Li-Qiang-Xin capsule (QLQX), a well-known traditional Chinese medicine prescription (TCMP), is ...

Abstract	Qi-Li-Qiang-Xin capsule (QLQX), a well-known traditional Chinese medicine prescription (TCMP), is consisted of eleven commonly used herbal medicines, has been widely used for the treatment of chronic heart failure (CHF). However, the absorbed components and related metabolites after oral administration of QLQX are still remaining unknown. In the present work, a reliable and effective method using ultra performance liquid chromatography coupled with quadrupole time-of-flight tandem mass spectrometry (UPLC/Q-TOF-MS) was established to identify QLQX-related xenobiotics in rats. Based on a representative structure based homologous xenobiotics identification (RSBHXI) strategy, a total of eleven compounds (salvianolic acid B, formononetin, benzoylmesaconine, alisol A, sinapine thiocyanate, naringin, tanshinone IIA, ginsenoside Rg1, ginsenoside Rb1, astragaloside IV and periplocin), bearing different chemical core structures, were selected and investigated for their metabolism in vivo. And then, comprehensive metabolic profiles of the holistic multi-ingredients in QLQX were achieved. As a result, a total of 121 QLQX-related xenobiotics (47 prototypes and 74 metabolites) were identified or tentatively characterized, among them eight prototypes (mesaconine, hypaconine, songorine, fuziline, neoline, talatizamine formononetin, neocryptotanshinone) and two metabolites (calycosin-gluA, formononetin-guA) were relatively the main existing xenobiotics exposed in blood. All absorbed prototype constituents were mainly from six composed herbal medicines (Aconiti lateralis radix, Astragali radix, Ginseng radix, Alismatis rhizoma, Salvia miltiorrhiza radix, Periploca cortex). The main metabolic reactions were methylation, hydrogenation, hydroxylation, oxidization, sulfation and glucuronidation. This is the first study on in vivo metabolism of QLQX. These results enabled us to focus on several high exposure ingredients in the discovery of effective substances of QLQX, however further pharmacokinetic study on these QLQX-related xenobiotics are needed to be carried out.
Keywords	Alisols ; astragalosides ; blood ; cortex ; formononetin ; ginsenosides ; heart failure ; herbal medicines ; hydrogenation ; hydroxylation ; ingredients ; metabolites ; methylation ; naringin ; oral administration ; Oriental traditional medicine ; Panax ; pharmacokinetics ; prototypes ; rats ; rhizomes ; Salvia miltiorrhiza ; salvianolic acid ; screening ; sinapine ; tandem mass spectrometry ; thiocyanates ; ultra-performance liquid chromatography ; xenobiotics
Language	English
Dates of publication	2018-0715
Size	p. 56-64.
Publishing place	Elsevier B.V.
Document type	Article
ISSN	1570-0232
DOI	10.1016/j.jchromb.2018.05.014
Database	NAL-Catalogue (AGRICOLA)

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