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  1. Article: Understanding Domestic Violence in India During COVID-19: a Routine Activity Approach.

    Krishnakumar, Akshaya / Verma, Shankey

    Asian journal of criminology

    2021  Volume 16, Issue 1, Page(s) 19–35

    Abstract: Domestic violence, a prevalent problem in India, saw an increase during the lockdown imposed to contain the spread of COVID-19. This article explores the factors associated with an increase in domestic violence incidents during COVID-19 by applying ... ...

    Abstract Domestic violence, a prevalent problem in India, saw an increase during the lockdown imposed to contain the spread of COVID-19. This article explores the factors associated with an increase in domestic violence incidents during COVID-19 by applying routine activity theory (RAT) framework. Data were drawn from the incidents of domestic violence reported in newspapers. Data was analyzed using content analysis and three major themes, i.e., three principle components of RAT-motivated offender, suitable target, and absence of capable guardian-were drawn. Findings reveal that sources of motivation in domestic violence perpetrators during the lockdown were alcohol and unemployment. The symbolic value that perpetrators associated with women, lower inertia, visibility, and accessibility to the perpetrators made women suitable targets of domestic violence. Lastly, shortage of police force and travel restrictions on formal and informal sources resulted in the absence of capable guardians. We conclude that changes in the routine activities of people during the COVID-19 lockdown provided more opportunities to the perpetrators of domestic violence.
    Language English
    Publishing date 2021-03-10
    Publishing country Netherlands
    Document type Journal Article
    ZDB-ID 2276738-1
    ISSN 1871-014X ; 1871-0131
    ISSN (online) 1871-014X
    ISSN 1871-0131
    DOI 10.1007/s11417-020-09340-1
    Database MEDical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System OnLINE

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  2. Article ; Online: Single-pass four-throw pupilloplasty: Postoperative mydriasis and fundus visibility in pseudophakic eyes.

    Kumar, Dhivya Ashok / Agarwal, Amar / Srinivasan, Maheswari / Narendrakumar, Jyothi / Mohanavelu, Akshaya / Krishnakumar, Keerthana

    Journal of cataract and refractive surgery

    2017  Volume 43, Issue 10, Page(s) 1307–1312

    Abstract: Purpose: To analyze the pharmacological mydriasis and the consequent fundus visibility after single-pass 4-throw pupilloplasty in pseudophakic eyes.: Setting: Dr. Agarwal's Eye Hospital, Chennai, India.: Design: Comparative case series.: Methods! ...

    Abstract Purpose: To analyze the pharmacological mydriasis and the consequent fundus visibility after single-pass 4-throw pupilloplasty in pseudophakic eyes.
    Setting: Dr. Agarwal's Eye Hospital, Chennai, India.
    Design: Comparative case series.
    Methods: Patients with bilateral pseudophakia with single-pass 4-throw pupilloplasty in 1 eye (study) and no single-pass 4-throw in the fellow eye (control) were included. The pupil measurements were analyzed before and after the instillation of mydriatics (tropicamide 0.8%-phenylephrine 5.0% and atropine 1.0%). The dimensions at the baseline and 40, 90, and 120 minutes after instillation were quantified by anterior-segment optical coherence tomography (Visante), a corneal topographer (Orbscan 11z), and an autorefractometer (HRK-7000). The serial photograph (DC3 digital camera) and the fundus imaging (TRC.50DX) were recorded. Changes in pupil size, area, and fundus visibility (50 degrees); the difference in mydriasis between the drugs; and a comparison of mydriasis with the fellow eyes were recorded.
    Results: The study comprised 22 patients (22 study eyes and 22 control eyes). There was a significant increase in pupil size and area over time (P < .0001). The occurrence of mydriasis was higher in the vertical axis (mean 4.5 mm ± 1.3 [SD]) than in the horizontal axis (mean 4.0 ± 1.3 mm) with a significant difference (P = .021). There was a statistically significant difference in pupil dilation between the study eyes and the control eyes (P = .002). The fundus imaging showed good illumination in 13 eyes (59%) and defective illumination in 9 eyes (41%) for retinal visibility.
    Conclusion: Although pharmacological pupil mydriasis was not equivalent to normal eyes, significant mydriasis occurred and aided in fundus visualization after single-pass 4-throw pupilloplasty.
    MeSH term(s) Fundus Oculi ; Humans ; Iris/surgery ; Mydriasis/surgery ; Mydriatics ; Pseudophakia/surgery ; Pupil ; Tomography, Optical Coherence
    Chemical Substances Mydriatics
    Language English
    Publishing date 2017-10-19
    Publishing country United States
    Document type Journal Article
    ZDB-ID 632744-8
    ISSN 1873-4502 ; 0886-3350
    ISSN (online) 1873-4502
    ISSN 0886-3350
    DOI 10.1016/j.jcrs.2017.07.027
    Database MEDical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System OnLINE

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